In-Lab Tasks

Task 01: Compute and plot the convolution y[n] x[n]* h[n] by any of the two procedures,
where
n
1
x[n] u[n 1] And h[n] u[n 1]
3

MATLAB CODE:
hn=-6:6;
xn=-6:6;
k=-xn;
s=(1/3).^k;
x=s.*(xn<=-1);
h=[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1];

subplot(3,1,1)
stem(xn,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[n]')
axis([-7 7 -0.2 1])

subplot(3,1,2)
stem(hn,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[n]')
axis([-7 7 -0.2 1])

y=conv(h,x);
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-12:12,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]=[n]*h[n]')
axis([-7 7 -0.2 1])
 1
x[n]
0.5

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
1
h[n]
0.5

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
1
y[n]=[n]*h[n]
0.5

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

Task 02: Compute and plot the convolution of following signals (by both procedures)
1 0 n 4
x[n]
0 elsewhere

and

1.5n 0n6
h[n]
0 elsewhere
USING CONV COMMAND

xn=-4:10;
hn=-4:10;

x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];

k=(1.5.^hn);
l=(hn>=0)&(hn<=6);
h=k.*l;

subplot(3,1,1)
stem(xn,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[n]')

subplot(3,1,2)
stem(hn,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[n]')

y=conv(h,x);
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-8:20,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]=[n]*h[n]') axis([-4 10 0 30])

1
x[n]
0.5

0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
15
h[n]
10

0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
30
y[n]=[n]*h[n]
20

10

0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Analytical Method:
%Step 1:
kx=-4:10;
kh=-4:10;

x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];

k=(1.5.^kh);
l=(kh>=0)&(kh<=6);
h=k.*l;

subplot(3,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-4 10])

subplot(3,1,2)
stem(kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[k]')
xlim([-4 10])

%Step 2:
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[-k]')
 1
x[k]
0.5

0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
15
h[k]
10

0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
15
h[-k]
10

0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4

close all
figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=0;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[0-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=1;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[1-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=2;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[2-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=3;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[3-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=4;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[4-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=5;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[5-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=6;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[6-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=7;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[7-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=8;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[8-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=9;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[9-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=10;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[10-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=-4:10;
x=[0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=11;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[11-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

%----------------------------------------------------------------
%CONVULUTION:
figure();
y=[12.5 2.75 6.12 11.18 19.77 29.66 27.41 24.04 18.98 11.39];
yn=0:10;
stem(yn,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]')
1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

15 15
h[0-k] h[1-k]

10 10

5 5

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

15 15
h[2-k] h[3-k]

10 10

5 5

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
15
h[5-k]
15 10
h[4-k]
5
10

0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
5

0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
1
x[k]
0.8

0.6
1
x[k] 0.4
0.8

0.6 0.2
0.4
0
0.2 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
15
h[7-k]
15
h[6-k] 10
10

5
5

0
0 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1
x[k] 1
0.8
x[k]
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

15
15
h[8-k]
h[9-k]
10
10

5 5

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
 1
x[k]
0.8

0.6
1
0.4
x[k]
0.8
0.2
0.6

0.4 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0.2

0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 15
h[11-k]
15
h[10-k]
10

10
5
5

0
0 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

30
y[n]

25

20

15

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Task 03: Consider and LTI system with input x[ n ] and unit impulse response h[ n ] specified
as
x[n] 2n u[n]
h[n] u[n]
Compute the response of the system (by both methods) where we have 6 n 6 .

METHOD 1:
hn=0:6;
xn=0:6;
h=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1];
x=2.^xn .*(xn<=0);
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(xn,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-1 8])
legend('x[n]')
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(hn,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-1 8])
legend('h[n]')
y=conv(h,x);
subplot(3,1,3)
n=0:12;
stem(n,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]=[n]*h[n]')
xlim([-1 8])
1
x[n]
0.5

0
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1
h[n]
0.5

0
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1
y[n]=[n]*h[n]
0.5

0
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

METHOD 2:
%STEP 1:

kx=0:6
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

kh=0:6
h=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1];
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[k]')
xlim([-10 12])
%
%-----------------------------------------------------------
%STEP 2:
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

close all
figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=0;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[0-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=1;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[1-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=2;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[2-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=3;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[3-k]')
xlim([-10 12])
figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=4;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[4-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=5;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[5-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=6;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[6-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=7;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[7-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=8;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[8-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=9;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[9-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=10;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[10-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=11;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[11-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=12;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[12-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=2.^kx .*(kx<=0);
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-10 12])

n=13;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[13-k]')
xlim([-10 12])

% %CONVULUTION:
figure();
y=[1 1 1 1 1 1 1]
yn=0:6;
stem(yn,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]')
xlim([-2 8])
 1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
h[0-k] h[1-k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
h[2-k] h[3-k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1
x[k] 1
0.8
x[k]
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1
1
h[4-k]
0.8 h[5-k]
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1
x[k]
0.8

0.6
1
0.4
x[k]
0.8
0.2
0.6

0.4 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0.2

0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1
h[7-k]
0.8
1
h[6-k] 0.6
0.8

0.6 0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
 1
x[k]
0.8

0.6

0.4
1
x[k]
0.2 0.8

0.6
0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0.4

0.2
1 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
h[8-k]
0.8
1
0.6 h[9-k]
0.8
0.4 0.6

0.2 0.4

0.2
0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
h[10-k] h[11-k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1 1
h[12-k] h[13-k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1
y[n]
0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Task 04: Compute (by both procedures) and graph the convolution y[n] x[n]* h[n] , where
x[n] u[n] u[n 4] and h[n] [n] [n 2] .

Task 05: Compute (by both procedures) and graph the convolution y[n] , where
(a) y[n] u[n]* u[n], 0 n 6
(b) y[n] 3 [n 4]*(3 4)n u[n],0 n 5

METHOD 1:
hn=0:6;
xn=0:6;
h=[1 0 -1 0 0 0 0];
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(xn,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on

legend('x[n]')
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(hn,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on

legend('h[n]')
y=conv(h,x);
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(0:12,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]=[n]*h[n]')
 1
x[n]
0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1
h[n]
0

-1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1
y[n]=[n]*h[n]
0

-1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

METHOD 2:
%STEP 1:

kx=0:6
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

kh=0:6
h=[1 0 -1 0 0 0 0];
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[k]')
xlim([-4 8])
%
%-----------------------------------------------------------
%STEP 2:
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[-k]')
xlim([-4 8])
 1
x[k]
0

-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
1
h[k]
0

-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
1
h[-k]
0

-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

close all
figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=0;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[0-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=1;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[1-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=2;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[2-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=3;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[3-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=4;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[4-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=5;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[5-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=[1 1 1 1 0 0 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
axis([-4 8 -1 1])

n=6;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[6-k]')
xlim([-4 8])

% %--------------------------------------------------------------
--
% %CONVULUTION:
figure();
y=[1 1 0 0 -1 -1 0]
yn=0:6;
stem(yn,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]')

1
x[k]
0.5

0
1
x[k]
0.5 -0.5

0
-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
-0.5

-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 1
h[1-k]
1 0.5
h[0-k]
0.5
0
0
-0.5
-0.5
-1
-1 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
 1
x[k]
0.5

0
1
-0.5 x[k]
0.5

-1 0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
-0.5

1 -1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
h[2-k]
0.5
1
h[3-k]
0 0.5

0
-0.5
-0.5
-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 -1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.5 0.5

0 0

-0.5 -0.5

-1 -1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

1 1
h[4-k] h[5-k]
0.5 0.5

0 0

-0.5 -0.5

-1 -1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

1
x[k]
0.5

-0.5

-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

1
h[6-k]
0.5

-0.5

-1
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

1
y[n]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
METHOD 1:

hn=0:6;
xn=0:6;
h=ones(size(hn));
x=ones(size(xn));
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(xn,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on

legend('x[n]')
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(hn,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on

legend('h[n]')
y=conv(h,x);
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(0:12,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]=[n]*h[n]')

1
x[n]
0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1
h[n]
0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
10
y[n]=[n]*h[n]
5

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

METHOD 2:
%STEP 1:

kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 8])

kh=0:6;
h=ones(size(kh));
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[k]')
xlim([-8 8])

%-----------------------------------------------------------
%STEP 2:
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[-k]')
xlim([-8 8])

1
x[k]
0.5

0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
1
h[k]
0.5

0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
1
h[-k]
0.5

0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

%-----------------------------------------------------------
close all
figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=0;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[0-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=1;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[1-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=2;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[2-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=3;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[3-k]')
xlim([-8 16])
figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=4;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[4-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=5;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[5-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=6;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[6-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])
n=7;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[7-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=8;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[8-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=9;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[9-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=10;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[10-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=11;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[11-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=12;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[12-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

figure();
kx=0:6;
x=ones(size(kx));
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('x[k]')
xlim([-8 16])

n=13;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[13-k]')
xlim([-8 16])

% %--------------------------------------------------------------
--
% %CONVULUTION:
figure();
y=[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 5 4 3 2 1];
yn=0:12;
stem(yn,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]')
 1
x[k] 1
0.8
x[k]
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
-5 0 5 10 15 0
-5 0 5 10 15

1
1
h[0-k]
0.8 h[1-k]
0.8
0.6 0.6
0.4 0.4
0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15

1
1 x[k]
0.8
x[k]
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -5 0 5 10 15
-5 0 5 10 15

1
1
h[3-k]
h[2-k] 0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6

0.4
0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15

1 1
h[4-k] h[5-k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15

1
x[k]
0.8

0.6
1
x[k] 0.4
0.8

0.6 0.2
0.4
0
0.2 -5 0 5 10 15

0
-5 0 5 10 15
1
h[7-k]
1 0.8
h[6-k]
0.8 0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -5 0 5 10 15
-5 0 5 10 15

1
x[k]
0.8

0.6
1
0.4
x[k]
0.8
0.2
0.6

0.4 0
-5 0 5 10 15
0.2

0
-5 0 5 10 15 1
h[9-k]
0.8
1
h[8-k] 0.6
0.8

0.6 0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -5 0 5 10 15
-5 0 5 10 15
 1
x[k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-5 0 5 10 15

1
h[10-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-5 0 5 10 15

1
x[k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-5 0 5 10 15

1
h[11-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-5 0 5 10 15

1
1 x[k]
0.8
x[k]
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0 -5 0 5 10 15
-5 0 5 10 15

1
1
h[12-k]
h[11-k] 0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6

0.4
0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15

1 1
x[k] x[k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15

1 1
h[12-k] h[13-k]
0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0 0
-5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 5 10 15
 7
y[n]

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

METHOD 1:
hn=0:5;
xn=0:5;
h=((3/4).^hn).*(hn>=0);
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(xn,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on

legend('x[n]')
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(hn,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on

legend('h[n]')
y=conv(h,x);
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(0:10,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]=[n]*h[n]')
 3
x[n]
2

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
1
h[n]
0.5

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
3
y[n]=[n]*h[n]
2

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

METHOD 2:
%STEP 1:

kx=0:5
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(3,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

kh=0:5
h=((3/4).^hn).*(hn>=0);
subplot(3,1,2)
stem(kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[k]')
xlim([-7 15])
%
%-----------------------------------------------------------
%STEP 2:
subplot(3,1,3)
stem(-kh,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('h[-k]')
xlim([-7 15])
 3
x[k]
2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
1
h[k]
0.5

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
1
h[-k]
0.5

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

close all
figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=0;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[0-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=1;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[1-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=2;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[2-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=3;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[3-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=4;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[4-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=5;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[5-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=6;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[6-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=7;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[7-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=8;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[8-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=9;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[9-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=10;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[10-k]')

figure();
kx=0:5;
x=[0 0 0 0 3 0];
subplot(2,1,1)
stem(kx,x,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('x[k]')

n=11;
subplot(2,1,2)
stem(-kh+n,h,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
xlim([-7 15])
legend('h[11-k]')

% %--------------------------------------------------------------
--
% %CONVULUTION:
figure();
y=[0 0 0 0 3 2.2 1.8 1.2 1 0.8 0];
yn=0:10;
stem(yn,y,'fill','linewidth',2),grid on
legend('y[n]')
 3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[0-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[1-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[2-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[3-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
 3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[4-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[5-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[6-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[7-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
 3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[8-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[9-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[10-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

3
x[k]

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1
h[11-k]
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
 3
y[n]

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Post-Lab Tasks
Critical Analysis / Conclusion
In this lab we have implemented convolution of discrete time signals using conv
command (Matlab built) and by using analytical approach .successfully implemented
the code in Matlab and found the plots.