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Motion of Particles: Centrifugal Settling Centrifugal Bowl

Okay, let's solve this using the special case equation: Given: R = 0.03 m Flowrate (q) = 5 x 10-5 m3/s Angular velocity (w) = 20,000 rev/min = 333.33 rad/s Liquid properties same as water Special case equation: qc = 2πbr22w2Dpc2(ρp - ρ) / 9μ Substituting values: qc = 2π(0.03)2(333.33)2Dpc2(1.5 - 1) / 9(0.85x10-3) qc = 5x10-

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Allan Paolo
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17 views14 pages

Motion of Particles: Centrifugal Settling Centrifugal Bowl

Okay, let's solve this using the special case equation: Given: R = 0.03 m Flowrate (q) = 5 x 10-5 m3/s Angular velocity (w) = 20,000 rev/min = 333.33 rad/s Liquid properties same as water Special case equation: qc = 2πbr22w2Dpc2(ρp - ρ) / 9μ Substituting values: qc = 2π(0.03)2(333.33)2Dpc2(1.5 - 1) / 9(0.85x10-3) qc = 5x10-

Uploaded by

Allan Paolo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Motion of Particles

Centrifugal Settling
Centrifugal Bowl
Centrifugal Separators
used to enhance settling
time of particles
uses the concept that an
object whirled about an
axis at a constant radial
distance from the point is
acted on by a force
centrifugal force pushes
particles to the wall of the
bowl Centrifugal Bowls
Centrifugal Separation
Slurry feed

Liquid Solids
Centrifugal Separation
Slurry feed

The solids are pressed


horizontally outward and
pressed on the wall

Liquid layer assumes an


equilibrium position with the
surface, which is almost vertical

Liquid Solids
Assumptions
all liquid moves upward with a constant
velocity carrying particles with it
particles moves radially at its terminal
velocity
sufficient time (residence time) is needed
for a certain particle size to reach the wall of
the bowl and be separated from the liquid
Design Calculations

Liquid discharge

Liquid
surface
b

Feed flow Bowl wall


Feed
r1 rB < r2 - the particle leaves the bowl
ra
rB = r2 - the particle is deposited on
rB
r2 the wall and removed from the liquid
Recall, at Stokes Range

ut = w2rDp2(rp r) = dr/dt
18m
Rearranging the equation, and integrating
limits r = ra t = 0 and r = rb t = tT

18m
tT = 2 2 ln(rb/ra)
w Dp (rp r)
Working Equation:
18m
tT = 2 2 ln(rb/ra)
w Dp (rp r)

Where:
tT = residence time
w = angular velocity, rad/s
r1 = distance of liquid from axis
r2 = radius of the bowl
However, residence time (tT) is equal to the
volume of liquid [V, m3, pb(r22 - r12)] divided
by the feed volumetric flowrate (q, m3/s)

q/V = w2Dp2(rp r)
18m ln(r2/r1)
q = w2Dp2(rp r)
pb(r22 - r12)
18m ln(r2/r1)
Let Dpc be defined as the cut point or critical
point. This is the diameter of the particle that
will reach the distance of (r2 r1).

Applying limits, r = (r1 + r2)/2 t = 0 and r = r2 t


= tT
qc/V = w2Dpc2(rp r)
18m ln[2r2/(r1 + r2)]
qc= w2Dpc2(rp r)
pb(r22 - r12)
18m ln[2r2/(r1 + r2)]
Working Equation:

qc= w2Dpc2(rp r)
pb(r22 - r12)
18m ln[2r2/(r1 + r2)]
Where:
qc = volumetric flowrate m3/s
Dpc = critical diameter, m
At this flowrate qc particles having a diameter greater
that Dpc will settle/deposited at the wall and smaller
particles will be carried by the liquid
Special Case
the thickness of the liquid layer is small
compared to the radius of the bowl
r1 = r2 or Dp = Dpc

qc= 2pbr22w2Dpc2(rp r)
9m
Example
A solution containing particles (s.g. 1.5) is to
be clarified using centrifugation. The property
of the solution is assumed to be the same as
water (m=.85 cP spgr=1). The centrifuge has a
radius of 0.03 m, liquid layer is 0.005 m from
the axis and has a height of 2/10 m.
Calculate the critical diameter at the exit
point if the centrifuge is set at 20,000 rev/min
and has a flowrate of 5 x 10 5 m3/s
Assignment
Repeat the given problem, but this time the
liquid layer formed is very small compared to
the radius of the bowl. What would be the
new critical diameter?

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