Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

1 +, 1 + 01 ' 5
Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
The Right to Information, The Right to Live Step Out From the Old to the New

IS 307 (1966): Carbon dioxide [CHD 6: Industrial Gases]

! $ ' +-
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
Invent a New India Using Knowledge

! > 0 B


BharthariNtiatakam
Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen
( Reaffirmed 1996 )
 Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
CARBON DIOXIDE
( Second Revision )

Industrial Gases Sectional Committee, CDC 38

Chairman R@rescnfing

Sgax S. N. LAEIRX Department of Explosives ( Ministry of Works,

Housing 8~ Rehabilitation )

Members

SEW S. CL ROY (Alternateto

Shri S. N. Lahiri )
S-I J. RAJAN ALEXANDER Hyderabad Allwyn Metal Works Ltd, Hyderahad
SHBI A. K. BOSE Directorate General of Technical Development
SEBI DALJIT SINt3E Pure Drinks ( New Delhi ) Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
SHBI KISAN K. MEETA (Alternate)
D~PUTP DIXBC~B RESEABCR Research, &signs & Standards Organization ( Minis-
( CHmv ) try of Railways )
DIBI~CTOB, RADIO METEOBOLOOY Meteorological Department, Government of India
Saar N. SESHADBI ( Alternate )
SHBI GAJENDRA SINUB Directorate Gcncral, Ordnance Factories ( Ministry
of Dcfcncc ), Calcutta
DB V. M. I. NAXBI~~AN ( Aftarnatc )
SHBI J. P. KAPUB The Vanaspati Manufacturers Associaticn of India,
Bombay
SHIII P. D. SHAH ( Alternate )
SHBI S. K. MANDAL Hindustan Steel Ltd, Ranchi
SHRI T. A. SUBRAB~ANIAE~ ( Alternate )
SEBI MANMOBAN SINQH Bombay Ammonia and Refrigeration Co Private
Limited, New Delhi
SEBI G. J. RAO ( Alfcrnatc )
SEBI M. M. MEHTA Gujarat Refinery Pr$jcct, Baroda
SHIU S. P. AHUJA ( Alttrnatc )
SHBI K. K. PATEAK Hindustan Gas and Industries Ltd, Calcutta
SHBI K. RAJACU~ALAN E.I.D. - Parry Ltd, Madras
SEBI KUMAB K. ROHATOI Indian Lamp Factoria Association, Calcutta
SHBI B. L. %sN Indian Oxygen Ltd. Calcutta
SEEI D. S. MADAN ( Altcrnatc )
Snax N. C. SENQUPTA Directorate General of Supplies 8 Disposals

( Conlinvl on page 2 )

INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION

b#ANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZMkR MARC
NEW DELHI 110002
ls:307-1966

( Continwdfrom pare 1 1
Members R*w#ntin~
SERI C. SHABYA National Metallurgical Laboratory ( CSIR 1,
Jamshedpur
SEBI T. P.L. SINHA The Asiatic Oxygen and Acetylcnc Co Ltd. Calcutta
SEBI M. MIVBA ( Alhuk )
DB SADOO~AL, Director General, IS1 (Ex-ofiio Meat&r)
Director ( Chcm)
Sccnfar)
DB A. K. BEIATTAOBABTA
Deputy Director ( Chem ). ISI

Carbon Dioxide, Sul hur Dioxide, Ammonia and Chlorofluoro

Hydrocar 1 on Subcommittee, CDC 38 : 3

Conuw
SIIBIK. RAJAWPALIN E.I.D.-Parry Ltd, Madras
Members
SHBI P. S. C~BINDPIJRI llombay Ammonia and Refrigeration Co Privatt
Limited, New Delhi
SHBI L. R. KBIEHNAMVBTE~ Mettur Chemical and Industrial Corporation Ltd,
Mettur Dam R.S.
SUN N. KALYANAY ( Aftrm& )
Sa KX~HAN K. MEETA Pure Drinks (New Delhi ) Private Ltd. New Delhi
z= g. Fh&EAK Hindustan Gas and Industries Ltd. Calcutta
Voltns Ltd, Bombay
S&I k L. GUFTA ( Alternate )
SHRI T. L. SEANKAMN Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Bombay
SBBZ N. C. KBI~BNAXUBTRY ( .rlltwnak )
SBar D. M. VED Sirdar Carbonic Gas Co Ltd, Bombay

2
 lsa307-1966 ;.

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
CARBON DIOXIDE
( Second Revision)

0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( Second Revision ) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 9 September 1966, after the draft finalized by the
Industrial Gases Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical
Division Council.

0.2 This standard was first issued in 1956 and subsequently revised in 1963.
In the first revision the limits for acid and sulphur dioxide, phosphine and
hydrogen sulphide in the material were prescribed. Also for carbon
monoxide, a limit test was prescribed in place of the requirement of
O-5 percent laid down earlier. The requirement of moisture was prescribed
at 0.1 percent for all the end uses.

0.2.1 After the first revision, there was further consideration on the basis
of suggestions from the industries that two grades of carbon dioxide, cover-
ing most of the end uses, were adequate. This revision had been made to
cover the necessary requirements for the two grades of the material.

0.3 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this

standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, express-
ing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard..

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of test for
carbon dioxide.

1.2 This standard does not prescribe the requirements of carbon dioxide
for medical use, which are covered by the Indian Pharmacopoeia,
-
*Ruler for rounding off numerical values ( r&cd).

3
lsr307-;1966

2. GRADES

2.1 The gas shall be of two grades, namely:

a) Grade 1, suitable for use as a reagent and for welding purposes;
and
b) Grade 2, suitable for beverages, fire extinguishers, refrigeration and
general commercial purposes.

3. REQUIREMENTS

3.1 The material shall be odourless.

3.2 When tested according to the methods prescribed in Appendix A, the
material shall comply with the requirements given in Table 1.

TABLE 1 REQUIREMENTS FOR CARBON DIOXIDE

CEARACTEUISTIC RW.WIFWASBNT MBZEOD or

E. T_-_----~ Tim (REI
Grade 1 Grade 2 TO CL ho. IN
APPENDXXA )

(1) (4) (5)

i) Carbon dioxide, percent by volume, 99.7 99-o A-2

M&l
ii) Carbon monoxide, ppm, Max 10 10 A-3
iii) Acid and sulphur dioxide To pass test To pass test A-4
iv) Phosphine and hydrogen sulphide To pass test To pass test A-5
v) Moisture, percent by volume, Max 0.001 0.1 A-6
vi) Arsenic,mg/normal ma, Max 0.5 0.5 A-7
vii) Oil, ppm by weight, MUX 5 5 A-6

4. PACKING AND MARKlNG

4.1 The cylinders shall conform to the Gas Cylinder Rules 1940, of the
Government of India, with such modifications or relaxations or both, as
may be ordered from time to time by the Chief Inspector of Explosives,
Government of India, or other duly constituted authority.
4.2 The packing, marking, painting, labelling and transport of cylinders
shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Gas Cylinder Rules
1940 with such modifications or relaxations or both as may be ordered from
time to time by the Chief Inspector of Explosives, Government of India, or

4
 IS:307-1966

other duly constituted authority. The cylinders shall also be marked as

shown in Fig. 2 of IS : 1260-1958..
4.3 The cylinders may also carry suitable tags, bearing the ISI Certification
Mark for the contents of the cylinders.
NOTE -The use of the ISI Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of the
Indian Standards Institution ( Certification Marks) Act and the R&J and Rc ulationa
made thereunder. The ISI Mark on products covered by an Indian l tandard
conveys the assurance that they have be&n produced to comply with the requirements
of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and qualit control
which is devised and supervised by ISI and operated by the producer. IS{ ma&d
products are also continuously checked by ISI for conformity to that standard as i
further safeguard. &tails of conditioti,under which a licence for the use of the IS1
Certification Mark may be granted to *anufacturers or processors, may be obtained
from the Indian S&lards Institution.

5. SAMPLING
5.1 Scale of Sampling
5.1.1 In any consignment all cylinders charged during one work shift
from one charging manifold shall be grouped together to constitute a lot.
5.1.2 Samples shall be testedfor each lot for ascertaining the conformity
of the material to the requirements of this specification.

5.2 Method of Sampling

5.2.1 The number of cylinders to be selected from each lot shall be in
accordance with co1 1 and 2 of Table 2.

TABLE 2 NUMBER OF CYLINDERS TO BE SELECTED

LOT SIZE SAMPLE SIZE

x n

(1) (2)
Up to 25 3
26 65 4
66 110 5
111 180 7
181 300 10

5.2.2 The cylinder shall be selected at random and to ensure randomness

of selection a random number table, as agreed to between the purchaser
and the supplier, shall be used. In case such a table is not available, the
*Code of symbols far labclling of dangerous goods. ( Since revised and split into various
parts ).
5
IS:307-1966

following procedure is recommended for use:

Starting from any cylinder in the lot, count them as 1, 2, :3..,..,,
up to Y and so on, where r is the integral part of N/n ( N being the
number of cylinders in the lot and ?l the number to be selected as
sample ). Every rth cylinder thus counted shall be withdrawn to con-
stitute a sample, till the required number of cylinders is obtained.

5.3 Number of Tests

5.3.1 From each of the cylinders selected according to 5.2.2 two separate
samples of the gas shall be drawn.
5.3.2 All the samples of the gas shall be tested individually for all the
requirements given in 3.1, 3.2 and Table 1.

5.4 Criterion for Conformity

5.4.1 A lot shall be declared as conforming to the requirements of this
specification if all the individual test results satisfy the relevant require-
ments given in 3 and Table 1.

APPENDIX A

( CZmse 3.2)
ANALYSIS OF CARBON DIOXIDE

A-l. QUALITY OF REAGENTS

A-l.1 Unless otherwise specified, pure chemicals and distilled water (see
IS : 1070-1960* ) shall be employed in tests.
NOTE- Pure chemicals s 41 mean chemicals [hat do not contain impurities which
affect the results or analysis.

A-2. DETERMINATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE

A-2.1 Apparatus - The apparatus consists of the following parts assem

bled as shown in Fig. 1.
A-2.1.1 P$ttte (D - Semet Solvay modification of hempel pipette fol
the absorption &C%r4 on dioxide.
*Specification for water,distilled quality ( mired ). ( Since revised ,.

6
 IS:307-I966

Burette F Cup
Levelling bottle G Three way stopcock
Three way stopcock H Pipette bulb
Pipette 3 Bulb
Stahd

FIO. 1 ASSEMBLY OF APPARAT~JSFOR THE DETERUINATIO$J OF

CARBON DIOXIDE

7
IS:307- 1966

A-2.1.2 Burette (A) - of 100 ml capacity with a graduated tube ( at the

top ) of capacity 1.0 ml graduated in O-05 ml beginning at the three way
stopcock C. One branch of stopcock C communicates with the pipette D
while the other branch with the sample to be analysed. The burette is
enclosed in a jacket filled with water.

A-2.1.3 Lewlling Bottle (B) - filled with acidulated water, saturated with
the gas to be analysed and coloured red with methyl orange, to facilitate
reading.

A-2.2 Reagents
A-2.2.1 Acidulated Water -- containing 05 percent by weight of sulphuric
acid.
A-2.2.2 Potassium Hydroxide Solution - Dissolve 360 g of potassium hydro-
xide in water and dilute to one litre.

A-2.3 Procedure
A-2.3.1 Prefaration of .Apparatu.s-Make sure that the temperature of
water in the jacket and the levelling bottle B is about the same as the room
temperature. Grease the stopcock C of the burette A, and test the burette
and connections for gas tightness. To do this, connect B to the burette A
with a rubber tubing and draw in 100 ml of air closing the stopcock C and
reading the volume. Raise the levelling bottle B to the height of C and
keep it in that position for 3 minutes. Large leaks will be observed by the
meniscus gradually rising while smaller leaks will be disclosed by again
reading the volume of air at the end of 3 minutes.
A-2.3.2 Turn the stopcock C so that the burette A communicates with
the atmosphere through the left hand capillary and raise the levelling
bottle B to force the air out of the burette A. When the water reaches the
top of the capillary, close C by turning the stopcock through 90 degrees
and then connect the left hand capillary with the vessel containing the
sample of gas to be analysed. Lower B, open the connection to the sample
reservoir and then open C drawing in about 25 ml of the gas. Close C
while the gas is still entering. Then turn the stopcock C to connect the
burette A with the right 1 :nd capillary. Drive out and discard the gas
contained in the burette A as it usually contains some air. When water
emerges from the top of the capillary, turn C to-connect again with the gas
sample reservoir, lower B and draw into the burette A slightly more than
100 ml of gas. Close C and disconnect it from the gas sample reservoir.
Allow the burette to drain for 30 seconds. Then raise B until the meniscus
is at 100 ml mark. Pinch the rubber tubing with one hand and with the
other open C momentarily to the air through the right hand ca illary tube
and allow the excess gas to pass out bringing the gas in the Eurette A to
atmospheric pressure. Immediately close C and bring the water in B and

8
 ISr307-1966

in burette A exactly to the same level. Read and record the volume of gas.
The volume of gas should be 100 ml in the burette -4.
A-2.3.3 Place the pipette D on the stand E and adj*:st height. Fill the
pipette D by pouring potassium hydroxide solution through a funnel
inserted in the open stem of the bulb 3 sothat the meniscus of the potas-
sium hydroxide solution is near the lower edge of the stopcock G. Before
connecting the pipette D to the right hand capillary of the burette A put a
little acidulated water in cup F of the pipette D and by turning the three
way stopcock G allow acidulated water to fill the capillary tube completely,
and then close stopcock G. Connect the pipette D with the burette A with
a rubber tube, squeezing the rubber tube between the thumb and forefinger
and slippin it over the capillary of the burette without introduring air.
Raise B su Ei*crently to put the gas in the burette under slight pressure.
Open C to connect to the right hand capillary and then cautiously turn G
of the pipette to allow the gas to drive the water in the capillary back into
cup F. When the gas reaches stopcock G turn it to communicate with
pipette bulb H and pass gas into the pipette D by raising B until the water
reaches the top of the burette A. Allow it to remain for 5 to 7 seconds
and then lower B and return all the gas to the burette A. Repeat this
process 3 to 4 times. Lower B and draw the gas back into the burette
until the potassium hydroxide solution reaches its initial mark on the
capillary below G. Turn G to connect with F and draw acidulated water
from the cup through the capillary to G and close C. Allow the buret.e to
drain for 30 seconds and take the reading of the burette. Repeat this
operation by again transferring the gas to the pipette to ensure complete
absorption. Two consecutive readings should agree within 0.05 ml.

A-2.4 Clculation
100 ( v- VI)
Carbon dioxide, percent by volume = -y--

where
v = volume in ml of the gas sample taken for the test, and
VI = volume in ml of the gas after absorption.

A-3, DETERMINATION OF CARBON M3NOXIDE

A-3.1 Method - A known volume of the gas is passed through hot rodinr
pentoxide. Any carbon monoxide present is thus oxidized to carbon
dioxide which is estimated by absorption in baryta solution.
A-3.2 Apparatus - The apparatus shall consist of the following compo.
nents assembled as shown in Fig. 2.
A-3.2.1 Menmy Filled Bye-Pass Saftp Vdrt (A)

9
 X8:307-1966

A-3.2.2 Gas Scrubbers (B) - Containing 40 percent potatiium hydroxide

solution.
A-3.2.3 Gas Bubblers (C) - containing saturated solution of chromic acid
(see IS : 559-1954* ) in concentrated sulphuric acid ( see IS : 266..1961t ).
A-3.2.4 U-Tube - one limb (D) containing soda asbestos and the other
limb (E) containing magnesium perchlorate.
A-3.2.5 U-Tube (F) - contaming iodine pentoxide.
A-3.2.6 Hot Bath (C) - either air or oil, electrically heated.
A-3.2.7 Thermometer (H) - reading up to 2OOC, graduated to 0*5C.
A-3.2.% Absorber (J) - containing potassium iodide solution.
A-3.2.9 Carbon Lkoxide .4bsorbers (X) - tw+ each containing baryta
solution and fitted with a burette containing standard hydrochloric acid.
A-3.3 Reagents
A-3.3.1 Standard Hydrochloric Acid - approximately 0.02 N.
A-3.3.2 Baryta Solution-Dissolve about 4 i of barium hydroxide in
2 COO ml of water in a large flask. <Jose the flask and shake until the
crystals have completely disappeared and a light, insoluble powder ot
barium carbonate remains. Allow the solution to stand for two days,
until the barium carbonate has completeiy settled; siphon it in?<> :t I~cStrle
through which a current of air ( free from carbon dioxide ) has bt.cn assed
for 2 hours previously. Connect this bottle with a soda-lime tube snd with
a burette as shown in Fig. 3.
A-3.3.3 Iodine Pentoxide
A-3.3.4 Potassium Iodide Solution - Dissolve 5 q of potassium iodide
crystals in 100 ml of water.
A-3.3.5 Phenolphthalein Indicator - Dissolve O-50 g of phenolphthalein
in 100 ml of rectified spirit ( see 1s : 323-1959~ ).
A-3.4 Procedure
A-3.4.1 Take 25 ml of barytasolutian in each carbon dioxide absorber X
and add water to about half its height. Maintain the temperature of
iodine pentoxide bath at 150%. Flush the apparatus with &out 5 litrts
of nitrogen. Pass the carbon dioxide mixed
nitrogen at the rate of about 5 litres per hollr.
.___.- -
*Specification fw chromill!:, !I .-wide ( chromic acid ). analytical wage*\?. [Sim auptw_
SCTICYIby 1 S : 330 - 19635pcc.l1c :icitm hr cilromirun trioxick. (FM rev&nJ
tSprcification for s!llrhilric acid ( rrrurcd).
$Specification for r-ctificcl zplrit ( reuistd).

II
 FIG. 3 BOTTLE FOR STORING BARYTA SOLUTION

the gas by a suitable device and record the temperature and atmospheric
pressure at regular intervals. Pass 10 litres of the carbon dioxide, keeping
the temperature and pressure of the gas constant. Titrate individually
the baryta solution m both the absorbers with standard hydrochloric
acid using phenolphthalein as indicator. Find out the total volume of
snndard hydrochloric acid used in the two titrations.
A-3.4.2 Carry out a blank titration with an equal volume of baryta
&ution used for absorption.

12
 IS:307-1966

A-3.5 Calculation
Carbon monoxide, ppm
3098*0( V, - V,) (273++) N
by volume =---

where
V1 = volume in ml of standard hydrochloric acid used for the
blank titration of baryta solution in A-3.4.2,
v* = volume in ml of standard hydrochloric acid used for the
titration of baryta solution in A-3.4.1,
f = average temperature in degrees centigrade,
3v = normality of standard hydrochloric acid, and
p = average pressure in millimetres of mercury.

A-4. TEST FOR ACIDS AND SULPHUR DIOXIDE

A-4.1 Apparatus
A-4.1.1 Kessler Tubes - 50 ml capacity.

A-4.2 Reagents
A-4.2.1 Methyl Orange Indicator Solution-Dissolve 0.01 g of methyl
orange in 100 ml of water.
A-4.2.2 Standard Hydrochloric Acid - 0.01 N.

A-4.3 Procedure - Take 50 ml of carbon dioxide-free cooled water in a

vessel of such diameter that a hydrostatic column of 12 to 14 cm is
produced. Pass carbon dioxide equivalent to 1 000 ml at normal tempera-
ture and pressure, through the water using a delivery tube having an
orifice about 1 mm in diameter and extending to within 2 mm of the
bouom of the vessel. Regulate the flow of gas so that about 15 minutes
ara taken for passing the gas. After passing the gas, transfer the liquid to
a I\iiessler tube and add 0.1 ml of methyl orange, indicator solution. Carry
out u control test in another llessler tube, adding 50 ml of carbon dioxide
free water? 1 mm of standard hydrochloric acid and O-1 ml of methyl
orangk indicator solution.
A-4.3.1 The material shall be taken to have passed the test if the
intensity of red colour of the test solution is not greater than that in the
control-test.

A-5. TEST FOR PHOSPHINE AND HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

A-5.1 Reagents

A-5.1.1 Silver flitrate Solution - 10 percent.

13
rs:307-1966

A-5.1.2 Ammonium Hydroxide - 1 : 1 ( v/v )

A-5.2 Procedure - Pass carbon dioxide equivalent to I 000 ml at normal
temperature and pressure through a mixture of 25 ml of silver nitrate
solution, 5 ml of ammonium hydroxide and 20 ml of water.
A-5.2.1 The material shall be taken to have passed the test if no turbi-
dity is produced and the solution is not darker than an equal quantity of
test solution through *which no gas has been passed.

A-6. DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE

A-6.11Apparatus - The apparatus consists of the following parts assem-

bled as shown in Fig. 4.

AS INLO

FIG. 4 ASSEMBLYOF APPARATUSFOR THE DETERMINATIONOF MOISWRE

A-6.1.1 Gas Meter - accurate to 1 percent.

A-6.1.2 Absor@ion Train - three U-tubes containing phosphorus
pentoxide connected in series to the gas meter. The one near to the gas
meter will serve as a guard to prevent moisture from backing into the first
two tubes.
A-6.2 Procedure - Connect the 3 tubes in series to the inlet of the gas
meter and connect the free end of U-tubes to the gas sample. Allow the
gas to flow through the train for a while to saturate the water in the gas
meter with the gas as well as replacing the air in the first two U-tubes.
Stop the gas flow, close the stopcocks of the U-tubes and weigh the first

14
two U-tubes. Connect again, record the meter reading. Pass the gas
through the train at the rate of 1Ohtresper hour for 4 to 5 hours. Close the
gas supply and record the meter reading. Remove the first two U-tubes
and wergh.
A-6.3 Chhlatlon - Convert the volume of gas taken for the test to
normal temperature and pressure. From rhe increase in weight, calculate
the volume of moisture present on the basis that 1 g of water is equivalent
to l-244 litres of water vapour at normal temperature and pressure and
express the result as percentage by volume.

A-7. TEgT FOR ARgENIC

A-7.1 Apparatm - The apparatus shall consist of the following parts as

shown in Fig. 5.
A-7.1.1 Evolution Flask - ca acity 100 to 125 ml and scrubber with glass
wool attached to the reaction Pask by ground joint.
A-7.1.2 Arsenic Absorber - With a calibrated mark at 4 ml. This is
connected to the scrubber by means of ball and socket joint through the
side capillary tube of the absorber.
A-7.1.3 S@ctrophotomcter - with lo-mm cells.
A-7.1.1 Dwschel Bottle -with fitted tube.
A-7.1.5 Gas Me&r, Wet Tyfi
A-7.2 Reagentr - Only arsenic free reagents should be used.
A-7.2.t Laad Ace&a&Solution - Dissolve 10 g of lead acetate in 100 ml of
water.
A-7.2.2. Silver Dieth ldithiocarbamate-Pyridine Solution - Dissolve 1-O g of
pure dry silver diethy idithiocarbamate in 200 ml pyridine, store in amber
coloured bottle.
A-7.2.3 Potassium Iodide Solution - Dissolve 15 g of potassium iodide in
100 ml distilled water.
A-7.2.1 Standard Arsenic Solution - Dissolve l-320 g of arsenious oxide in
the tidmum volume of 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, acidify with
dilute hydrochloric acid and make up. to one litre in a volumetric flask.
One mihilitre contains 1 mg of arsenic. Dilute to get a solution containing
1 pg per ml.
A-7.2.5 Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid
A-7.2.4 Stannous Chloride Solution -Dissolve 40 g of stannous chloride
( SnCI,. 2HsO ) in 100 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid.
15
 FIG. 5 ASSEMBLY OF APPARATUS FOR TESTING ARSENIC
A-7.2.7 ,.+c Powder - 500 to 850 lo particle size.
A-7.2.8 Potassium Hydmxlde Solution - 0.1 N.
NOTE -All glasware r~sed sl~wld bc thoroughly clrancd with either hot concrntr:
ted sulphuric acid or biling concentrated nitric acid, followed by rinsing with distillc
vater, and then with acetone.

A-7.3 Procedure
A-7.3.1 Impregnate the glass wool ( purified ) in the scrubber with lead
acetate solution. Charge the absorption tube with 4.60 ml of silver
diethyldithiocarbamate reagent.
A-7.3.2 Prepare a calibration curve by pipetting suitable aliquots of the
diluted standard arsenic solution into a series of clean evolution flasks.
Cover the range 0 to 10 pg of arsenic. To each add 5 ml of concentrated

16
 ISr367-1666

hydrochloric acid, 2-O ml of 15 percent potassium iodide solution and

8 drops of stannous chloride solution. Swirl the contents of the flasks and
allow them to stand for 15 minutes to ensure complete reduction. Add
5.0 g of zinc and insert the hydrogen sulphide scrubber immediately. The
evolution of arsine is 99 percent complete in 30 minutes and virtually
complete in 40 minutes. If necessary, dilute the liquid in the arsine
absorber with pure pyridine to the 4-ml mark and pass gentle stream of
air through the absorber to mix the solution. Transfer the absorbing
solution to a IO-mm cell and measure the transmittance at 540 rnp in the
spectrophotometer. Repeat the prdcedure with the remaining flasks.
Plot the transmittance of each aliquot ( less that of the blafik ) against its
arsenic content in pg.
A-7.3.3 Pass 25 to 50 litres of carbon dioxide through 25 ml of @l N
potassium hydroxide solution in 100 ml dreschel bottle at the rate of 10 litres
per hour. The gas is measured by the gas meter placed after the bubbler.
The water in the gas meter is saturated with the gas prior to the
experiment.
A-7.3.1 Take an aliquot from the treated potassium hydroxide
in A-7.3.3 to give about 5.0 pg of arsenic and follow the same procedure
-as in A-7.3.2. From the transmittance obtained at 540 rnp evaluate the
arsenic content of the sample by reference to the calibratibn graph

A%. METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF OIL

A%.1 Apparatus
A8.1.1 Two Gage Bubblers - shown in Fig. 6.
A%.I.2 Dreschel Bottle - 250 ml capacity.

A8.1.3 Flow Meter- to measure 200 to 2 000 ml +f carbon dioxide

per minute.
A-8.1.4 Wet Gas Meter -calibrated for 1 or 2.5 litres per revolution.

AS.1.5 Infra-Red Spectrometer and Accessories - to measure at q46 IL.

A-8.2 Reagents
Ag.2.1 Carbon Tetrachloride - Distilled, analytical reagent quality. The
i&a-red absorption at 3.46 p of each fresh supply of this reagent should
be determined before the use to ensure that it is of suitable quality.
AS.2.2 Standard 011 Solution-Dissolve 0.020 0 g of liquid paraffin, m
carbon tetrachloride and dilute to exactly 100 ml with more cart+
tetrachloride. One millilitre of this solution contains 200 (*g of oil.

. 17
lS:307-1966

DIRECTION OF GAS FLOW

*

v 0
14/23 JOINT
(814)

i
150

-JET A
lO*O-**5- - /iHEATh E,
ROW OF 10 HOLES,
lmm DIA .

l.Ot.1 + ORIFICE
4.0 9 ORIFICE

All dimensions in millimctres.

Fro. 6 GAGE HIQH SPEED BUBBLER FOR USE IN DETERMINATION

OF OIL IN CARBON DIOXIDE

18
 .

Is:30711966

A-8.3 Procedure

A-8.3.1 About 800 to 1 000 g of material is needed for each determina-

tion. A set of small sampling cylinders of l-5 to 2 kg capacity with one
valve at each end may be used for containing this amount of gas
NOTB - A set of cylinders should preferably be retained for sampling for oil and not
used for other purposes.

A-&3.2 Preparation of Test Solution - Place 100 ml of the carbon

tetrachloride in the dreschel bottle and 25 ml in each gage bubbler.
Connect the weighed sampling cylinder, supported vertically with the dip
tube at the top to the evaporator and thence to the absorption train, flow
meter and wet gas meter in series using short rubber connections. Alter-
natively, for this determination the sample cylinder may be cupported
vertically with the dip tube valve at the bottom; when this is done, omit
the evaporating device and connect the absorption train to the top valve
of the cylinder so that gaseous carbon dioxide can bewithdrawn.
A-8.3.3 Totally expand the contents of the cylinder through the
absorption train at the rate of about 1 000 ml per minute and read the
volume of gas passed; this serves as a check on the amount of carbon
dioxide used for the test.
ILOTE -Some evaporation of the carbon tctrachloride will take place. If this is
excessive, stop the gas flow and refill the absorption bottles notmg the volume of carbcn
tctrachloride added.

A-8.3.4 Reweigh the sampling cylindei taking care to use the same valve
fittings as at the first weighing. Dismantle the lower cylinder valve and
wash the inside of the cylinder with 25 ml of carbon tetrachloride. Wash
the interior of the evaporating device and valves with carbon tetrachloride
and combine this solution with the cylinder washings and the bubbler
contents. Adjust the combined solutions to some suitable definite volume,
after previous evaporation, if this is considered necessary for the particular
infra-red spectrometer to be used. This is the test solution.
A-8.3.5 Preparation of Corltrol - Evaporate a volume of carbon tetrachl.o-
ride equal to the total volume ( including any additions ) of carbon
tetrachloride used in the absorption train plus tvashings to the volume of
the combined solutions and subsequently treat it in the same way as the
test solution. If there is definitely no blank on the carbon tetrachloride, it
is suf5cient to prepare a control of volume equal to that of the final test
solution.
A-6.3.6 Preparation of Calibration Chart - Prepare suitable dilutions of the
standard oil solution to cover the range of values within which the we$ht
of oil in the sample is expected to be found. Measure the optical densities
Qf this series of solutions as described above. Prepare a calibration chart
by plotting the weights of oil against the corresponding optical densities.

19
 Al.33 Mwvrrrnrni of In+-Rd Absorptionof the Test So&on - Following
the manufacturers instructions for the operation of the particular inrtru-
mcnt used, determine the optical densities of the test solution and control
at the wave length of maximum absorption ( approximately 3.46 p ). From
the calibration graph compute the weights of oil present in the total
volumes dboth test solution and control,
A-a.4 c&U&ions

Oil content, ppm .by weight - WI W

- W.
8
where
W, = weight, in pg, of oil in test solution,
W, = weight, in pg, of oil in the control, and
W, = weight, in g, of sample taken.

20