WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT

(WEB CMS)
PROJECT WORK SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT TO THE
IT COURSEWORK FOR THE PGP
(2009-11)
IILM, INSTITUTE FOR HIGHER
EDUCATION,
LODHI ROAD, NEW DELHI -
110003

BY :-
Anjali Mishra, Gurmeet Singh
Jasdeep Singh, Jyoti Dutt
Sandeep Sheoran, Shradha
Chowdhary
 ROLL NO:- 09, 31, 33, 35, 72, 76
GROUP - 08
20/10/2009

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the Project Report entitled WEB

CONTENT MANAGEMENT (WEB CMS) submitted by
Group- 8 with Roll No. 09, 31, 33, 35, 72, 76 on
20/10/2009 is his/her own work and has been carried
out under my supervision.

GROUP-08
Mr. Abdul Khan
Signature:
(Assistant lecturer IT)
Anjali Mishra
Signature
Gurmeet Singh
Date :
Jasdeep Singh
Jyoti Dutt
Sandeep Sheoran
Shradha Choudhary
Date : 20/10/2009

Acknowledgement
All the group member’s played an important role in the
accomplishing this thesis project.
First, we would like to thank Mr. Abdul Khan, our thesis
adviser for the assistance and encouragement to pursue this
study.
We also wish to thank our classmates and friends, for
helping out with this thesis before due date of submission.
Last but not the least, we thank Almighty God for
reasons too numerous to mention.
“How numerous you have made your wondrous deeds,
O Lord, our God! And in your plans for us there is none
To equal you, should I wish to declare or tell them?
 They would be too many to recount

Table of contents

1) Introduction
2) What is a Content Management
System?
3)
 INTRODUCTION

Content management system

A content management system (CMS) such as a
document management system (DMS) is a computer
application used to manage work flow needed to
collaboratively create, edit, review, index, search, publish
and archive various kinds of digital media and electronic text.

CMSs are frequently used for storing, controlling, versioning,

and publishing industry-specific documentation such as news
articles, operators' manuals, technical manuals, sales guides,
and marketing brochures. The content managed may include
computer files, image media, audio files, video files,
electronic documents, and Web content. These concepts
represent integrated and interdependent layers. There are
various nomenclatures known in this area: Web Content
Management, Digital Asset Management, Digital Records
Management, Electronic Content Management and so on.
The bottom line for these systems is managing content and
publishing, with a workflow if required.

1) What is a Content Management System

(CMS)?
Any Content Management System (CMS) needs to be
customized to a particular institution's requirements. This
customization is not solely a technical matter, and hence
needs to have someone wearing both the technical and user
hats to define how the product should work at all stages of
the CMS product within the organization. In other words, you
need a product manager would do the following:
* Define how the content publishing process should work
* Work with internal training, documentation, technical
support, and the technical implementation teams to
successfully deploy and maintain a high quality solution
* Clearly articulate the product to the internal user
community, including how new features of the core product
impact them (for instance, if you are using Documentum,
then how changes to the core Documentum product will
affect them)
* Evangelize the tool (especially for initial migration)
* Regularly interact with the user community to hear their
concerns and suggestions

There are six main categories of CMS, with their respective

domains of use:
• Enterprise CMS (ECMS)
• Web CMS (WCMS)
• Document management system (DMS)
• Mobile Content Management System
• Component content management system
Enterprise content management systems

An enterprise content management (ECM) system is concerned with content,

documents, details and records related to the organizational processes of an
enterprise. The purpose is to manage the organization's unstructured
information content, with all its diversity of format and location.

Web content management systems

A 'web content management' (WCM) system is a CMS
designed to simplify the publication of Web content to Web
sites, in particular, allowing content creators to submit
content without requiring technical knowledge of HTML or the
uploading of file.

1.3) Document management system

A document management system (DMS) is a computer
system (or set of computer programs) used to track and
store electronic documents and/or images of paper
documents. The term has some overlap with the concepts of
content management systems. It is often viewed as a
component of enterprise content management (ECM)
systems and related to digital asset management, document
imaging, workflow systems and records management
systems.
Mobile Content Management Systems
Mobile Content Management Systems (MCMS) are a
type of content management system (CMS) capable of
storing and delivering content and services to mobile
devices, such as mobile phones, smart phones, and PDAs.
Mobile content management systems may be discrete
systems, or may exist as features, modules or add-ons of
larger content management systems capable of multi-
channel content delivery. Mobile content delivery has unique,
specific constraints including widely variable device
capacities, small screen size, limited wireless bandwidth,
small storage capacity, and comparatively weak device
processors.

1.5) Component Content Management

system
Component Content Management Systems (CCMS)
manage content at a granular level (component) rather than
at the document level. Each component represents a single
topic, concept or asset (e.g., image, table, product
description). Components are assembled into multiple
content assemblies (content types) and can be viewed as
components or as traditional documents. Each component
has its own lifecycle (owner, version, approval, use) and can
be tracked individually or as part of an assembly. CCM is
typically used for multi-channel customer-facing content
(marketing, usage, learning, support). CCM can be a separate
system or be a functionality of another content management
system type (e.g., ECM or Web Content Management).

2) Web Content Management System

2.1) History

Web content management systems began to be formally

developed as commercial software products in the mid
1990s. In the mid 2000s, the web content management
market became a fragmented market as a plethora of new
providers emerged to complement the traditional vendors.
These web content management systems may be
categorized as: software as a service, enterprise, mid-
market, or open source.
2.2) What is a Web Content Management
System?
A web-content-management system (WCM, WCMS or
Web CMS) is content management system (CMS) software,
implemented as a Web application, for creating and
managing HTML content. It is used to manage and control a
large, dynamic collection of Web material (HTML documents
and their associated images). A WCMS facilitates content
creation, content control, editing, and essential Web
maintenance functions.

The software provides authoring (and other) tools designed

to allow users with little knowledge of programming
languages or markup languages to create and manage
content with relative ease.

Most systems use a database to store content, metadata, or

artifacts that might be needed by the system. Content is
frequently, but not universally, stored as XML, to facilitate
reuse and enable flexible presentation options.

A presentation layer displays the content to Web-site visitors

based on a set of templates. The templates are sometimes
XSLT files.
Most systems use server side caching boosting performance.
This works best when the WCMS is not changed often but
visits happen on a regular basis.

Administration is typically done through browser-based

interfaces, but some systems require the use of a fat client.

Unlike Web-site builders, a WCMS allows non-technical users

to make changes to a website with little training. A WCMS
typically requires an experienced coder to set up and add
features, but is primarily a Web-site maintenance tool for
non-technical administrators.

2.3) Capabilities
A WCMS is a software system used to manage and control a
dynamic collection of Web material (HTML documents,
images and other forms of media). A CMS facilitates
document control, auditing, editing, and timeline
management. A WCMS has:

2.3.1) Automated templates

Create standard output templates (usually HTML and XML)
that can be automatically applied to new and existing
content, allowing the appearance of all content to be
changed from one central place.
2.3.2) Easily editable content
Once content is separated from the visual presentation of a
site, it usually becomes much easier and quicker to edit and
manipulate. Most WCMS software includes WYSIWYG editing
tools allowing non-technical individuals to create and edit
content.
2.3.3) Scalable feature sets
Most WCMS software includes plug-ins or modules that can
be easily installed to extend an existing site's functionality.
2.3.4) Web standards upgrades
Active WCMS software usually receives regular updates that
include new feature sets and keep the system up to current
web standards.
2.3.5) Workflow management
Workflow is the process of creating cycles of sequential and
parallel tasks that must be accomplished in the CMS. For
example, a content creator can submit a story, but it is not
published until the copy editor cleans it up and the editor-in-
chief approves it.
2.3.6) Delegation
Some CMS software allows for various user groups to have
limited privileges over specific content on the website,
spreading out the responsibility of content management.

2.3.7) Document management

CMS software may provide a means of managing the life
cycle of a document from initial creation time, through
revisions, publication, archive, and document destruction.
2.3.8) Content virtualization
CMS software may provide a means of allowing each user to
work within a virtual copy of the entire Web site, document
set, and/or code base. This enables changes to multiple
interdependent resources to be viewed and/or executed in-
context prior to submission.

2.4) Types
There are three major types of WCMS: offline processing,
online processing, and hybrid systems. These terms describe
the deployment pattern for the WCMS in terms of when
presentation templates are applied to render Web pages from
structured content.
2.4.1) Offline processing (called "baking" systems)

These systems pre-process all content, applying templates

before publication to generate Web pages. Since pre-
processing systems do not require a server to apply the
templates at request time, they may also exist purely as
design-time tools.

2.4.2) Online processing (called "frying" systems)

These systems apply templates on-demand. HTML may be

generated when a user visits the page, or pulled from a
cache.

Most open source WCMSs have the capability to support add-

ons, which provide extended capabilities including forums,
web-stores, photo-galleries, contact-management etc. These
are often called modules, nodes, widgets, add-ons or
extensions. Add-ons may be based on an open-source or paid
licence model.

Different WCMSs have significantly different feature-sets and

target audiences.

2.4.3) Hybrid Systems

Some systems combine the offline and online approaches.

Some systems write out executable code (e.g. JSP, ASP, PHP,
ColdFusion, or Perl pages) rather than just static HTML, so
that the CMS itself does not need to be deployed on every
Web server. Other hybrids, operate in either an online or
offline mode.

3) References
1. Ethier, Kay, and Scott Abel. "Introduction to Structured
Content Management with XML". CMS Watch.
http://www.managingenterprisecontent.com. Retrieved
2007-11-12.
2. Tivy, Jim, et al.. "The XML Content Management System
for Document Centric XML". Bluestream Database
Software Corporation.
http://www.bluestream.com/xdbres/Content/Business/whi
tepaper/XmlCms/Outline.html. Retrieved 2007-11-12.
3. Woric Faithfull. "Using XSLT to Make Websites". woric.net.
http://woric.net/wsg_presentation/Part1_using_xslt.xf.
Retrieved 2007-11-08.
4. Gilles Paquette. "What is being done to boost
performance?". try2cms.com.
http://try2cms.com/faq.php#faq3. Retrieved 2009-05-
26.
5. Mike Johnston (2009). "What is a CMS?". CMS Critic.
http://cmscritic.com/what-is-a-cms. Retrieved 2009-02-
13.
6. Jovia Web Studio (2009). "Is a Content Management
System Right for You".
http://www.joviawebstudio.com/index.php/blog/is_a_cont
ent_management_system_right_for_you/.Retrieved2009-
02-13