06 Final Copa Lesson Plan

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING INSTITUTE
LESSON PLAN
Name : G. K. Wadhwa Unit/Block No.: Week No.: 1 Lesson no. : 1
Trade : COPA Date: Time :
Title: Fundamentals of Computer What is computer?, Characteristics of Computer.

Objectives:
To make the trainees understand the basics of computers from scratch
Characteristics of a computer.
Computer basic understanding (Communication and Binary representation).
Comparision with human being and understanding
Fundamental block diagram explanation.
Aids: Chalk, Duster,BlackBoard, Pointer.
Preparation:
Review:
Introduction: Computer a upcoming revolution in each and every field of development a basic
need for plan, calculated rapid development.
Comparison of human body with the computer and its peripherals and blocks
Motivation:
Think how are ancestors used to calculate and manipulate numbers.
The very basic need of coming revolution in the rapid developing world.
The basic fundamental qualification for each and every field.
Computer being a man made machine can you compare the organs of our body with the computer
block diagram block or the related peripherals.
Presentation:
Topics Information Points Spot Hints
Computer Needs led to the development of the Asking the trainees to calculate
Fundamental Computer in brief i.e. Calculation and its a given example as follows 2 x
- What is computer Storage. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2.
Basic Computer what it is, computers Calculating it and answering the
represents a symbol of processing question the speed from trainee
(Calculation and Storage) at a high speed to trainee will vary.
and its wide application.
- Comparison of Comparison of Computer with human Practical example given will be

computer with human being as if I say 2 + 2 trainees will listen
being. Brain = Microprocessor IC to it by their ears and process it
Memory = Memory ICs in their brains and will give an
Eyes = Input device as scanner. result as 4 with their mouth the
Ear = Input device as microphone and same can be compared as input
the basic keyboard. given to computer by keyboard
Hands = Output device as Printer gives a and result is displayed on
hard copy monitor or declared by the
Mouth = Output device as Speaker speaker.
Monitor = Output device which gives the
soft copy on the screen.
Characteristics of Characteristics of Computers
Computers speed, accuracy, promptness, storage,
manipulation to large extent, cost
effective and efficient by all means of
human resource expenses.
Question: (1) Trade the history of development of modern Computers.

(2) Compare the Computer with human being?
(3) Is computer better than human being?
Summary: To get the basic idea of comparison of a computers with human being.
Application: Now days there are the most widely used machine , education, Business,
Communication, Personal, Fun.
Reference: Early one chemical compute.
IBM PC CLONES B Gonvindarajalu.
INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSORS R. Gaonkar.
Next Lesson: History Of Computer.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Fundamentals of Computer Application, number system.

Objectives: To make the trainees understand the basics of computers from scratch
Basic Application of Computers for high speed calculation, logical analysis, Communication etc
and other innumerable applications .
Understanding what is number system.
Reason of using Binary number system.
Aids: Chalk, Duster, Chart and Pointer
Preparation:
Review: Basic fundamentals of computers
Introduction: Types of number system and application of Binary number system.
Motivation:
How numbers system came into very existence.
When you count which number system is taken into consideration.
Does decimal number system starts from 1-10 or 0-9.
Presentation:
Computer Binary means a number system of two containing 0 and 1 as
Fundamenta number system. Binary = 0 & 1
l Bits is a word formation of binary digits. Octal = 0 7.
- Reasons Introduction of number system. Decimal =
for using Binary number 0 - 9.
Binary Octal number Hexadecimal
number Decimal number 0 F.
system. Hexadecimal number BCD 0000 to
BCD 0001 0110.
Excess of 3
Gray code.
In details application of binary number system and its
manipulation in computer processing.
Question:
How many digits are their in a Binary system, Decimal, Octal and
Hexadecimal?
Briefly explain the Binary system and its use in computer?
Summary: To get the basic idea of a computers.
Application: In computer system
Reference:
Next Lesson:
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecim BCD
Number Number Number al Number Number
0 0 0 0 0000
1 1 1 1 0001
2 10 2 2 0010
3 11 3 3 0011
4 100 4 4 0100
5 101 5 5 0101
6 110 6 6 0110
7 111 7 7 0111
8 1000 10 8 1000
9 1001 11 9 1001
10 1010 12 A 0001 0000
11 1011 13 B 0001 0001
12 1100 14 C 0001 0010
13 1101 15 D 0001 0011
14 1110 16 E 0001 0100
15 1111 17 F 0001 0101
16 10000 20 10 0001 0110
LESSON PLAN
Title: History of Computers History of Computer

Objectives:
Blas Pascal and his Mechanical calculator
Charles Babb age: differential engine
Aids: Chalk, Duster, Black Board, Pointer.
Preparation:
Review: Abacas seems to with the earliest calculation machine, which was developed by Chinese
3000 years ago.
Introduction: The first mechanical calculation machine was made in 1642 by the great French
mathematician and philosopher Blas Pascal pres
Motivation:
Think how are ancestors used to calculate and manipulate numbers.
The very basic need of coming revolution in the rapid developing world.
The basic fundamental qualification for each and every field.
Presentation:
Pascal's Pascal machine could perform additions. It was Look back on history, we
Mechanical later improved upper by leaning, a German had less of any counting
calculator mathematical and whose machine could perform devices known to us today
multiplication and division as well. except we see graphite
slates having abacus ring
Charles Babbage, an English mathematical balls pierced in steel rods
developed mechnical calculating devices called as if it is some playing
difference engine for automatic compo ration of object for babies but cant
mathematical tables around 1830. Babbage was signify the importance of
also involved in the design of another calculating its.
machine which could perform many general
function in an automatically after much afford, he
courmalid a machine called analytical engine. This
machine had a memory device and arithmetical
device, a punch card input system and an extended
memory store. Thus Babbage analytical engine
had many of the same fundamental jealous as the
modern computers.
Question:
List the special features of Babbage Analytical engine.
How do you they compare with the modern computers?
Summary: Babbage in conceded one of the great performs in the trade of compaction for this
foresight to design the analytical engine.
Application: Now days there are the most widely used machine, education, Business,
Communication, Personal, and Fun.
Reference: Early one chemical compute.
Next Lesson: Application of Computers and Binary and other Number system.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Function Of Computer. ( Input, Output, ALU, Control Unit, Memory)

Objectives:
Introduction
Development
Components
Application
Preparation:
The applications of components are so wide that they will be playing vary important rots and future
life of man to relieve him from many physical and mental ban dens
Introduction:
The first mechanical calculation machine was made in 1642 by the
great French matumatwan and philosopher Blas Pascal pres
Motivation:
In industry and comer co, complain are becoming as accepted valuable food for every day use but
they still lend to be sugar did as exotic luxuries.
Presentation:
Input unit memory BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
unit ALU COMPUTER
ALU
Control unit Input unit: The purpose of the input
Output unit unit is to accept the input data which
is required to store the problems
I/P
Memory unit: the memory unit CU O/P
retains the slips for solution and
initial input data, the intermediate
MEMORY
and final results.
Arithmetic unit: the
arithmetic unit per forms all
mathematical computation
apon receiving instruction
from control unit.
Control unit: This unit performs the
most vital function in the computer. It
actual all this unit and controls the
data flow between them to solve the
problem.
Output units: The output unit accepts the
final result and translates them from
machine code to the readable from.
Question: Study the function of each unit of computer.
Summary:
The complain does everything as per the instructions given by the programmer in his programmer. It
cannot think of its own like human being.
Application:
All large business are complain for calculating pay rules billing and processing inventories
Reference:
Next Lesson: Classification of Computer.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Generation of Computer

Objectives:
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
Four Generation
Preparation:
Until 1950 the major contribution were from the university and research institution. Almost all the
letter development due to the computer manufacturing.
Introduction:
From the early 1950's computer started appearing in quick succession, each claiming an improvement
over the other. They represented improvement in speed memory (storage) systems input and output
devices and programming technique They also showed a cont. Reduction in physical size and cost.
Presentation:
Computer developed after ENIAC have been classified into
the following for generation
First Generation 1946 to 1955
Second Generation ---1956 to 1965
Third Generation - 1966 to 1975
Four Generation - 1976 to present
First The 1st Generation computer those that in vacuum tubes are From 1946 each decade
Generation used. Magnetic tap drive and magnetic core memory were has contributed one
developed during this period. generation of computer.
nd
Second The 2 generation computers were market by the use of the
Generation Solid State device called the transistor in the place of
vacuum tube. All in more reliable than earlier counter parts.
Third Along with the third generation computers never and faster
Generation equipments where introduce for handling storage and input
output continued efforts towards miniaturization led to the
development of the large scale in integration (LSI)
technology.
Forth The latest child of the computer family that use LSI chips
Generation has been named the 4th Generation computers, which marks
increased user computers integration and speed.
Fifth Japan and many other country are working on systems What
Generation are know as export system which will considerably improve
the main machine instruction.
Question:
Classify the generation of computers.
What is the main difference between different generation computers?
Summary:
The developments of the computers are closely associated with the development in mechanical
technology, particularly the semi conductor technology.
Application:
Such system would integrate the advantage in the both hard were and soft were
technology and would facility computer added problems slowing with the help of
organized information many specialize area.
Next Lesson: Function of Computer .
LESSON PLAN
Title: Classification of Computer.

Objectives:
Micro Computer
Mini Computer
Mainframe Computer
Super Computer
Aids: Chalk duster
Preparation:
Computers are above available in different size and with different Capabilities.
Review:
Broadly they may be categorized as microcomputer, mini computer, main frames and super computer
Introduction:
The selection of a particular system primarily depends on volume of data to be handle and the speed
of the processor.
Presentation:
Micro computer A Microcomputer is the smallest Since Microcomputer can be
general purpose processing system liked to large computers
Functionally it is similar to any they form a very important
other large system. segment of the integrated
Microcomputers are self contains information system.
units and easily designed for use by
for a one person at a time.
Mini computers A Mini computer a medium size Mini computer are the
computer they is more costly and popular data processing
power full than a microcomputer. system.
An important diffraction between a
Micro and Mini computer is that a
Mini computer is usually design to
serve multiple users
simultaneously.
Main Frame Computer with large storage
computer capacity and very high speed of
processing (compared to Micro and
Mini computer) are known as
mainframe computer. They support
a large number of terminals for
used by a variety of users
simultaneously. They are above
used as the central hose Computer
in distributed data processing
system.
Super Computer These have extremely large storage Typically the super
capacity and counting speed, which computer is used for large
are at least 10 times faster than scale numerical problems in
others computers. While the speed scientific and engineering
of traditional computers in discipline
measured in terms of millions of
instruction per second (MIPS), A
super Computer is rated in terms of
Million of operation per second
(MOPS): An operation is made of
up numerous instruction .
Question: Classify the Computer according to the their speed and storage capacity
Summary: Computers are classified according to their technology and extreme
use of its purpose.
Application: Application of each computer varies from business to business and it s potential
capacity of processing. Application in the electronic, petroleum engineering Weather for casting
structural analysis chemistry, medicine and physics.
Next Lesson: Application, Number System
LESSON PLAN
Title: Representation of data.

Objectives: Introduction
Binary number system
Conversion
Binary Arithmetic
Aids: Chalk duster, board.
Preparation:
In the decimal system 1,0, is called the base or radio of the system. The binary number system is belt
around only two digit.
Review:
The presence of 1 in any digit position of a binary number inclinable that the co responding power of
2 is to be used.
Introduction:
Qualify is perhaps one of the most astral concept that civilization have had occurring to be elope.
Man has five fingers on each hand totaling 10 on both hands.
Presentation:
Introduction Disadvantages of roman counting system. I= 1, V=5, X=10,
L=50, etc.
Decimal Digital Weight age Positional Weight age 425= 4'10
system
Techniques Conversion of a given no. in decimal no. system into (14) =(1110)
another counting system
Floating N=15,60000 =0.0,007,156
Point N=FR
number F=+_ (a - - -n
Where x is known as radix and A is known as
elements. In decimal system x=0 and A has ten
values (0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9). But binary system X=2
and A has only two values as 0 and 1 . And n is the
highest exponent required .
In binary system, the symbols 0 and 1 have the same
significance as in the decimal system. This is , the
represent no units and one units respectfully and the
positional location of binary digit has the same
signification as in the decimal system except that
the base in 2 instead of 10.
Question:
Define a number of system.
State the decimal equivalent of the binary number.
Summary:
Most electronic components are two state device, they are either on or of If two
state device to be used in electronic calculator, a number must be employed
which had two values to be represented.
Application: Instead of ten.
This is the binary system, and it is of the advantage of using to state device to represent number that
the binary system is used in electronic computer.
Next Lesson: Data representation integer
LESSON PLAN
Title: Data representation integer

Objectives: Operation Code
Operand Address.
Operand Location
Aids: Chalk duster
Preparation:
Review:
With presently available hand were , it is found accessing the main random access memory takes
considerably more time compared to the data transfer rates in the C. P. U.
Introduction:
Presentation: There are 8 digits per instruction and hence it occupies one word.
Presentation:
Data represent Operation to be perform (op-code)
instruction Operand Address 3. Address
where the result is to be stored
An in instruction for the hypothetical Computer An eight digit word is
contains basic operation .There are 8 digit per divided in to two digits
instruction and hence its occupies one word. The two components and a six digits
digits of code field gives code for a specific mantissa. The exponent on
operation to be perform with two digits. the mantissa each have
their individual sign.
A data on in SMAC can be signed (positive or
negative) integer. Each digits store in the memory
has one bytes extra storage to store the sign of the
digit.
Question: What is mantissa and exponent ?

Summary:
When a word (namely a sequence of a digits )is read from the memory , its may represent a signed 8
digits integers, it may be floating point number or a characters string of length four
Application:
It is the responsibility of program to keep track of the nature (or type) of the data on stored in a specific
location.
Next Lesson: Computer Programming Language.

LESSON PLAN
Name : G. K. Wadhwa Unit/Block No.: Week No.: 5 to 8 Lesson no. : 4
Title: In put / Out put Devices.

Objectives:
Punch Card.
Key punch Machine.
c, Card reader.
Paper tape.
Aids: Chalk duster
Preparation:
Punch card have been used as a means of in put from the easily. days of computer and they are also
universally used as a common means of in put to the computer.
Review:
Introduction:
The printing is the most important and easily used compute out put devices.
Presentation:
Punched card Rules observed for Punching cards. The ability to product rapidly
Card reader Basic operation of Card reader. large volume of out put that is
readily available to people was
Paper tape Consisting electro mechanical and assent with the used by modern
reader electronic system. computer. Today thousand
V. D. U. Visual Display unit. time a minute printers are
Printers and Chain Printer , drum printer xerograph common in computers
plotters printer. instillation .
Question: List the most commonly used I/O device.

Summary:
The other type of printer which are commonly used as line printer are chain printer and Drum
printer.
Application :
In the line printer Application light is thrown in to the roles by a projection system.
Next Lesson: Logic Gates.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Basic OS concepts.

Objectives:
a. Definition.
b. Purpose.
c. Function.
Aids: Chalk duster
Preparation:
Review:
Introduction:
The Operating system is usually the most complex and sophisticated software used on a computer.
Presentation:
Definition As Operating system is a suite of a program which Handling Error when they occur
takes control over the operation of the computer to and using corrective routings
the extend of being able to allow a number of which are possible.
programs to be run on the computer without
human intervention by an operator
Purpose The intended use of the computer by the user will In order to full-fill its purpose
effect the character of the required operating the operating system most carry
system. out a number of functions.
Functions The scheduling and loading of the program in Communication in the computer
order to provide a continuous job processing user or operator by means of
sequence or to provide appropriate are reproves to terminals consoles and thought
events. Control over hardware resource. Handling the used of monitor command
Error when they occur and using corrective and response
routings which are possible.
Question:
Define an Operating system
What is its purpose
List of the function of an operating system .
Summary:
A glance at the full set of the operating system function in all show that with modern computer
the task in beyond a human operator simply by virtue of the speed which there function must be
performed .
Application : The application intended computer.
Next Lesson: Operating system - MSDOS
LESSON PLAN
Title: Decision Making

Objectives:
Conditions
Action
Stubs
Entries
Aids: Chalk duster
Preparation: Decision table have been in existence for a number of years.
Review:
The era of initial development took place in the late 1950s When general electric of the united state
made the first significant use of such tables
Introduction:
Presentation: The idea of using the table to lay out of formalize information is not new, e g- train
/airport- arrival departments.
Presentation:
ACTIONS Condition rules 1 2 3 4 IF the stub portion
GET PETROL X X 1. IS Petrol low YY N N does not completely
2. GET OIL X X 2. is oil low YNYN express the condition
3. GET NEITHER X The quadrants are usually separated by (or action)then it is
CONDITIONS STUBS double or thick black lines. IF the stub called an extended
ENTRIES portion completely defines the condition ( or entry In these cases
ACTIONS CONDITION action ) at is called a limited entry section are the entry must
CONDITION STUB not required to complete the condition stub contains more
ENTRY ACTION ACTION or the Action stub figure show the example information then
STUB ENTRY of limited entries in the both condition and manually yes, no, or x
action stub. to indicate action .
Question: What is looping?

What is condition and sub conditioning? What is nesting
Summary:
The final peace of jargon to contend with in the rule ; This consist of a set of both
condition resulting action . Where one rules corresponding to the one vertical column in
the entry section .
Application :
Train / Airport arrival - departments tables , cricket score bard (table) etc.
NEXT LESSON: Flow Chart
LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Type of Number System
2. Decimal Number system
3. Binary, hexadecimal, Octal
Preparation :
Review : Writing Digital
Introduction:
Presentation:
Number System BASIC OF NO SYS FORMATION OF NUMBER SYS.
it is a mothod of write digit is according NO of digit base
to weight age Decimal:-(0 to 9)10 e.g (25)10
Types:-Types of Number system are as Hexadecimal :(0to 9 & A to F)16
follows. where
a. Decimal A=10,B=11,C=12,D=13,E=14,F=1
b. Hexa decimal 5
c. Octal Octal:-(0to7)8
d. Binary Binary:-Contain only 2 digit 0 &1
with base 2
e.g (10101)2
Understanding of (25)10=5*100 +2*101
Decimal =5*1+2*10=5+20=25
Octal (78)8=8*80+7*81=8+56=(64)
Hexadecimal (AF)16=10*160+15*101=10+150=(160)10
Binary (10101)2=1*20+0*21+1*22+0*23+1*24
=1*2+0+1*4+0+1*16
= 2+0+4+16=22
CONVERSION OF A. DECIMAL TO BINARY Example of Hexadecimal & Octal

DECIMAL TO OTHER Divide by 2 Convert (25)10 to Octal
NUMBER SYSTEM e.g 25 2 25 1
2 12 0 =(11001)2 8 25
2 6 0 8 3 1 =(31)8
2 3 1 0 3
2 1 1
0
For fractional decimal no multiply by 2 3*81+1*80=3*8+1*1=24+1=25
e.g 0.25=0.25*2=0.5
=0.5*2=1 To Hexa deci
Continue Multiplication=0.01 16 25
For Octal=divide by 8 16 1 9
For x'decimal:-Devide by 16 0 1
This way you can change any decimal =(19)16
number to binary octal& Hexadecimal =1*161+9*160
=16+9
=25
Application : In digital electronics binary number system is used as it

has 2 state 1 &0
Test
Summarise : To change any decimal number to other number system

always divide by base of that number system.
Testing Types Questions

How the fractional decimal no change to it's equivalent binary ?
Invite Questions from trainees
Next Lesson Topic : Representation of data

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1.What is logic gate
2. Types of logic gate
3. Boolean Algebra & Demorgan's low
Preparation :
Review : Binary Number System
Introduction:
Presentation:
What is logic Gate Logic operation can be achieved by
using some predications cict.so logic
gate can be defined as electronic ckt
by which logic operation can be done.
Types of Logic Gate:- The basic types of logic Gate are as
NOTE:- follow
+ve logic level a. OR-Gate
1 consider as b. AND-Gate
High c. NOT-Gate
0 consider as Condition of OR:-In OR gate o/p can
law be achieved if any 0/p terminal stands
- ve logic to 1
1 consider as low Condition for And:-In AND gate o/p
2 consider as high can be achieved if all o/p of gate
stands to 1
Modified Logic Gate Modified logic gates are as follows
*NOR GATE
NOR gate can be achieved by
inserting (i.e. connecting NOT gate to
o/p of OR)OR gate
*NAND GATE:-
Same way by inserting AND gate
Nand gate can be achieved as shown
in fig.
Special Types of Gate The special type of gate is of 3 type
a.Ex-OR b.Bubble OR
c.Bubbled AND Gate
Demorgan's Low:-
1st low:-A+B=A*b
2nd low:-A*B=A+B
Boolean Algebra
a. A+0=A c. A-0=A
b. A*0=0 d. A*1=A
Application : Logic Gate can be used for any logical operation in digital
electronics
Test
Summarise : There are 3 basic gate OR,AND,NOT modified gate are NOR
&NAND

a. Prone demorgan's both low by using T.T
b. Nand Gate is a universal gate True OR False ? why ?
Next Lesson Topic : Architecture of a Micro Computer.

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1.What is window & Advantage over DOS
2. Loading of window
3. Front, Screen of window
Preparation :
Review : DOS
Introduction:
Presentation:
Window It was invented by Microsoft Windows is a operating System
corporation. Before window invented *Graphical user interface(GUI)
MS-DOS was used.But in MS-DOS *Multitasking System
user will have to remember command
of DOS
This advantage was overcome by
with windows & it's also easy to
operates window works on GUI.Dos
was CUI(Graphic User interface)
Loading of Window On DOS prompt Type win to load
windows .
Active loading of window you will
see the front screen of window as
show
Window-NT It is also a operating system but it is
used for networking concept.
Envirment of window
is Different from window-98or2000
so screen of computer also change
Installation of Window if window already install you are go NOTE:-Before you can install
NT to start menu in run option and then NT after identify the product
go you can run window-NT cd in system key no
setup.exe
Application : Operating system
Test
Summarise : Window-2000 Operating system

Why System reboot after Installation ?
Next Lesson Topic : Decision Making

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Installation of MS-Office
2. Application of MS-Word
3. Various option of MS-Word(File Menu)
Preparation :
Review : Window
Introduction:
Presentation:
Introduction of Ms- MS-Office automation software is useful to Installation of Ms-Office
Office make various document, spread sheet and
presentation It contain 3 part *Insert CD of Ms-Office
a.MS-Word b.MS-Excl c.MS-Power point. in the CD drive of
Use fo Ms-Word to make computer system.
various type of document. *from run option of start
Ms-Excl is useful for making menu run setup.exc
of different type of spread *give required option
sheet during setup.
Power point of is for *after completion of Ms-
presentation. Office *installation
Thus by use fo Ms-Office one can do any restart computer system.
type of computer work. It is more advantages Run Ms-Office now
then Dos base software like lotus & word star
Study of Various Menu From start menu ,program load Ms-Word by
Of Word double clicking on Ms-Word. After loading
window of word .
On Menu bar you will see following option.
File, Edit,
View,Insert,Format,Tool,Table,Window,Help
File Menu:- In file menu following item see Detect discussion of all
New, Open, Close, Save, Save as, Save as option of file menu
web page, Version, Page previw, page setup,
print preview, send to, propriety
Application : Word is useful to make various types of document
Test
Summarise : MS-Office (Office Automation Software)

How you will get help from word? during working
Next Lesson Topic : Edit Menu, Insert menu, View Menu

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1.Edit Menu
2. Insert Menu
3.View Menu
Preparation :
Review : MS-Office
Introduction:
Presentation:
Edit Menu:- In edit menu following option is Detail discussion of all above
available option of edit menu
Can't Undo
Repeat typing
Cut
Copy
Paste
Paste Special
Paste as hyperlink
Clear
Select all
find
Replace all
Go to
Link
Object
View Menu In view menu following option is Detail Discussion of all option
available of view menu
Normal, weblayout, Print layout, out
line, Tool bar, Ruler, Document Map,
Header & Footer, Footnote,
Comment, Full screen, Zoom
Insert Menu In Insert menu following option are Discussion of all option of
available insert menu
Breake, page Number, Date & time,
Auto Text, Field, Symboll, Comment,
Footnote, Caption, Cross referance,
Index & tabe, Picture, Book mark,
file, Object
Application : Edit,View,Insert menu of word is useful for editing of
document
Test
Summarise : View for---View, Insert for Insert menu & edit is for
editing of document

Work all short key of option of edit, view, insert menu
Next Lesson Topic :- Format & Tool Menu, Table & Window Menu
LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Format & Tool Menu
2. Table & window Menu
3. Help
Preparation :
Review : Ms-Word(file,edit,Insert,view,menu)
Introduction:
Presentation:
FORMAT Option of Format menu Discussion of all option of
TOOL MENU Font, Paragraph, Bullets &numbering, Format & Tool menu
border &shadding, colums, Tabs,
Drop Table, Tax direction, Change
Case, Back ground, Theme, frame,
auto formate, style, object
Tool Menu:-
Spelling & Grammer, language, word
count, auto summrise, auto correct,
look up & reference, Track change,
Merge documment, Protaect
document, On line colobration, Mail
merge, Envelop & tabs, Letter wizard,
Macro, Template, Customize
Table Option of Table Menu
Window Menu Draw table, insert table, delete, select,
Marge & split cell, Split Detail Discussion of all option
table,Autoformat,Autofit,Heading of Table & window Menu
RowRepert,Convert,Sort,Formula,Hid
e gridlines
Option of Window Menu:
New window
Arrange all,
Split
Document
Ms-Office word 200 note
Help is used for online help while
working in word.
Application :
Make various type of document
Test
Summarise :
Document Making & editing

Write short key of option of Format, Tool, and Table menu?
Next Lesson Topic :- Loading of Excel ,Various Menu of Excel

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Loading of Excel & Application
2. Various Menu of Excel
3. Various Menu Of Excel
Preparation :
Review : Ms-Word
Introduction:
Presentation:
Introduction To Run Excel Go through start menu To Understand or study Excel
Program-Ms-Excel-Double Click following point should be
cleared
Application Used for making various type of Understanding spread sheet
spread sheet with application of it
Menus Of Excel File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tool, Data editing, formula,
Data, WIndow, Help One ormoreSpreadsheet
Auto format
Chart
Advanceformulafunction
printing of sheet
Sorting
Pivot table
Practical application
Tool Box
File Menu New, open, close, save, Save as, Save

as webpage, Save as Work space,
Page preview, Page setup, Print area,
Print preview, print, send to,
Properity, Detail discussion of all
above option
Edit Menu :- Undo, Repert, Clear, Cut, Copy, paste, paste special, clear,
Delete, Delete Sheet, Move or copy shet, Find Replace
Go to
View Menu Normal., page break, Tool bar,formulabar,Status bar
Header Footer, Comment, custom, view, full screen,
Zoom
Insert Menu Cell, Row, Column, worksheet, chart, pagebrak, Function
Name, Object, Hyper link
Application :
Excel can be used to create various type of spread sheet of diff. subject
Test
Summarise : Work used of Document Making while Excel is used for

document Making

Write possible short key of file, edit, view and insert menu
Next Lesson Topic :- Format Menu, Tool Menu, Data & Window Menu
LESSON PLAN
Name : G. K. Wadhwa Unit/Block No.: Week No.: 39-40 Lesson no. : 39
Objectives:
1. Format Menu
2. Tool Menu
3. Data & Window Menu
Preparation :
Review : Excel (File,Edit,Insert,View Menu)
Introduction:
Presentation:
Format Menu Cell, Row, Column, Sheet, Auto Detail Discussion on option of
format, Conditinal format and style all Menu like Format & Tool
etc Menu
Tool Menu Spelling Check, Auto Correct,
Shareworkbook, Trake change, Goal
seak, Protuction, Auding, Macro,
Customize, Option etc.
Data Menu Sort, Filter, form, Subtotal, Detail Discussion on all option
Validation, Table, Tax to column, of Data, window's
Group and outline, pivot table and help Menu
pivot chart, Report, Get External Data
and Refresh Data
Window and Heip Same as word Help menu give user
online help while working in Excel
Application :
To Make various types of Spread sheet

Test
Summarise :
To Make worksheet & editing the sheet

Write down possible short key of Format, Tool, Data Menu
Next Lesson Topic:- Loading & Application of Power Point

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Loading & Application of PowerPoint
2. Various Menu Of P.P (file, Edit)
3. Various Menu of P.P(view and Insert)
Preparation :
Review : Ms-Excel
Introduction:
Presentation:
Introduction: - Power point is specially used for
presentation purpose. This is a special
feature of Ms-Office
Loading of P.P: - Go through start Program-Power
Point
Various Menu of P.P File, edit, view, insert, Format, Tool,
slideshow window, format
File Menu Option of file, edit, insert, format, Detail Discussion on Various
tool, same as word, Excel Menu of Power Point
Important Points of Under Standing the presentation Detail Discussion on all points
Power Point Auto content wizard slide entry &
editing
Under Standing the Slide & it's entry
with diff.design
* Use of word art Graphics & clipart
Image
* Chart
*Table
*Animation
*Printing
Application :
Power Point is specially used for Presentation purpose
Test
Summarise :
Presentation
Write down note on animation of slide
Next Lesson Topic :- Introduction to Database Management System.

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Concept Of Network.
2. What is Computer Network
3. Types of Computer Network
Preparation :
Review : Computer System
Introduction:
Presentation:
Concept Of Network Network more than one element are
connected together & they work as
one unit to achieve maxim output at
less loss of energy by sharing work
resources
Computer Network Computer network means more than
one i.e. no of computers are
connected to gather & they share
COM COM
work, resources etc.In computer n.w
1 2
all computer which are connected to
gather are work as unit. this is (Computer Network)
identified by some particular name
which are as follow.
Local Area Network This type of network is limited up to LAN:-
(LAN) single geographical Area i.e. for one
building or premises only. Plan of
C C C
Network is different that will be
1 2 3
discussed in next chapter.
1 1
S
WAN This network is not limited up to
(Wide Area Network) single geographical area but it is L L L
connected between two different area 1 2 3
i.e. between two cities. Means when
2 or more than 2 LAN are connected
together is called as MAN Or WAN. L
4
C
1
WAN/MAN When two or more LAN or One M1 M2
(Metro politan Area Net) MAN & LAN are Connected together C1
is called as MAN.
Application :
Computer network is useful when two different computer of Different place will have to share
then information.
Test
Summarise :
Then are 3 types of Computer Network Lan,Wan,Man

What is different between LAN & WAN ?

Next Lesson Topic :- Types of Network Topogolies

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Importance of Transmission Media
2. Types of Transmission Media
3. Most advantageous Media
Preparation :
Review : Computer Network
Introduction:
Presentation:
Importance of When a information is to be transfer
Transmission Media or received a media is essential.
Without media we can not
transfer/receive information from one
end to another end. This Media is
called as Transmission Media. In
computer network transmission
media is as important as other thing
then is a no. of Transmission media.
Which as follow......
Types of Transmission a. Cable Transmission b. Radio c.
Media Satellite d. Fiber optic f. PSTN Net
work uses cable communication
media
Cable Transmission: - This types of transmission system Detail Discussion on various
uses various types of cable a. types of cable....
Shielded Single core cable b.
Unshielded Single core cable,
Radio Communication:- Twisted pair Cable etc. Detail Discussion with block
In this type of transmission system dia of Radio communication
single is modulated before
Satellite:- transmission via media of air. Detail Discussion on all
In this type of transmission system transmission Media
satellite linked between transmitting
& receiving end.
Microwave In this type of transmission smallest
Communication: - part of free1. is used for transmission
Fiber Optic In this types of Transmission system This transmission media is very
cable which made from glass is used advent as signal loose & speed
signal is to be transferred is of transmission is greater.
connected in to equivalent light
signal.
Application :
Information can be transferred from one end to another end by particular transmission Media.
Test
Summarise :
Transmission Media are Radio, Satellite, Microwave Cable, fiber optic, infrared

What is Infrared Transmission
Next Lesson Topic :-

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. What is network topology.
2. Types of Network topology.
3. Best network topology among all
Preparation :
Review : Transmission Media & computer Networking
Introduction:
Presentation:
What is Network We have studied of computer network Definition of network topology
Topology & Transmission Media. In network & it's importance.
topology of it. Means communication
connected is arranged properly so it
can be utilized properly. For this
arrangement must be good.
Thus now we can define network
topology means computer inter
connection in proper way or pattern.
The network topology is of different a
type which is as follow.
Types of Network a. BUS Detail Discussion Regarding all
topology network topology with
advantage & disadvantage
C C C
S 1 2 3
b. RING
C1
C2 C3
C4
3
C.MESH
C
1
C C
2 3
C4 C5
D.STAR
C1
C2 S C
3
C
4
E.PEAR TO PEAR
C1 C2
Application :
Network topology means platen of interconnected computer. It is used for computer network
Summarise : Types of network topology (Bus, Ring, Star, Mesh & Pear to
pear )
Next Lesson Topic:- Importance of Transmission Media ,Types of Transmission Media

LESSON PLAN
Objectives: Data Communication
Preparation :
Review : Telephone Communication
Introduction:
Presentation:
What is net meeting When a data can be Transferred from
one end to another end it is called as C3
data communication & net meeting is
part of data communication thru
cable.
C Hu S
2 b 1
C1
Configuration of connected
computer (Star network
topologies)
STEPS TO START NET A. Boot all the computer of network

MEETING: - by switching on main supply switch.
B.Share hard Disc full.
(Double click on My computer,
Right click on c:,select sharing
,full,ok)
B. Go to Net meeting (Start
programmer, accessories, internet
tool, net meeting following
option)
C. After completion of procedure
you send or receive data from
connected switched on computers.
Application :
Any type of data can be received or Transmitted in LAN (cable transmission) using net meeting
Test
Summarise :
What is data communication?

What is Modem? Where it can be used ?
Next Lesson Topic:- Media of communication

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Media of communication
2. Range of equipment & Distance Covered ( in forms of freeq. )
3. Types of media Being used effectively in process of Transmission
Preparation :
Review : Network connectivity & Topology
Introduction:
Presentation:
Communication:- What is Communication?
Communication Means information
or data is Transferred from one end to
another end to particular media.
Media:- Communication Media A. PSTN

a> Cable
b> PSTN(public switch tele.n/w) EX
T1 T2
c> Microwave communication
d> Satellite communication
e> Infrared rays
f> Radio frequency
g> Optical fiber
B. SATELLITE
C.MICROWAVE
(infrared communication)
Application :
Test
Summarise :
Next Lesson Topic

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. What is Network
2. Concept of computer Network
3. Cables used for computer network & network topology
Preparation :
Review : Telephone system & industrial organization
Introduction:
Presentation:
a. Network Defn of Network: - e.g Network of ITI organization
When no. of activities are enter
connected to each other then it is Principal
called as network.
Network means it is not only inter
connected but then share activities of Vice principal Vice principal
each other.
FI FI FI FI
SI SI SI SI
C1 C1 C1 C1
b. Computer Network Means more than one computers are Advantages of Comp. n/w
connected to each other with sharing
c1 to c4 are connected. Share the memory
Works become faster
c1 c2 c3 c4
to each other & they share the
information to each other
Type of Network related LAN/WAN/MAN Computer Network
to computer n/w PEAR TO PEAR Server computer + client or
Node
Server serves all Client as they
required
LAN:- When no. Of computers are server client 1 client 2
connected to each other.
WAN:- When no. Of LANS are connected to s1 c1 c2
each other
MAN:- When no. Of WAN connect to each (LAN)
other
PEAR TO PEAR:- Only two computers are connected LAN1 LAN 2
are connected to each other.
TRANSMISSION In computer network (LAN) data
MEDIA:- transmission from on end to another (WAN)
and by cables.
WAN1 WAN 2
Which are a. Coaxial, Shielded
twisted pair & unshielded twisted pair
(MAN)
NETWORK Network topology means how
TOPOLOGIES:- network forms STAR:-
A. STAR C
B. BUS 1
C. RING
D. MESH
E. PEAR TO PEAR
C HUB S
2 1
C
3
BUS
S C C C
1 1 2 3
RING
C1
C
S1
2
C
3
Application :
When more than one computer are required to share than information effectively computer
network can be utilized
Test
Summarise :
Basically there are 4 type of computer network LAN, WAN, MAN, PEAR TO PEAR
What is network & network topology? Which network topology is advantageous?
Next Lesson Topic Data network & Modem

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Locate specific records.
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: During database management, sometimes we need to go on specific record. IN
database file records is know by its record no. In database 3+ these are some special command to set
record pointer on specific record.
Presentation:
Pointer Positing Whenever you open a data base Write any Record no. on
Command file record pointer will be at 1st dogtrot's & just press Rethem to
record. This you can see at status bar. go to specific Record.
If there is no record in a file you can
see none on statues bar. To go to any
record just type that record no. On dot
prompt as show below
.4
Now record pointer will set at record
no-4 therefore current Record is
record no.4
You can write
Go 4 also or
Go to 4
All there commands shown above are
same. If you do not want to write Go
or Go To just write record no. on dot
prompt.
To go to directs to top of file.
.
Go Top
Record pointer will get set at top of
file
.Go Bottom
This command will set record pointer
at bottom of file.
.Go To Record n Current record
is n,where n is any no.
Question :
1.Write a command to set record pointer at 10th record.
2. Go directory at Bottom of file
Test
Summarise :
Next Lesson Topic :- Index file & Sorting file

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1.Oppning & closing files
2. Appending data
3. Changing data
4. Deleting data
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: Once created file in dbase we can open it again & make necessary changes in to
it. appending data changing or data ting data which one now of mouse
Presentation:
Opening a File Before any operation is performed or any database file dbase
has to be informed which file is to be selected on(open for
use) This is done by use Command
SYNTAX:-
USE [ <File>] [ INDEX < Index file list>][ ------ <--------->]
Appending on adding data means add data in a dbase file

APPEND:-
Syntax:-
Appending data APPEND [ BLANK]
INSERT:-
Syntax:-
Changing data EDIT:-

EDIT [ <SCOPE>][FIELDS <Field list>][FOR <Condition>]
[WHILE <Condition>]
REPLACE:-
REPLACE [<SCOPE>]<FIELDS>WITH
<expression>[<field>]with<expre>[FOR<condition>]
[WHILE <Condition>]
CHANGE:-
CHANGE[<SCOPE.][FIELD<field list>]
[FOR<condition>][WHILE Condition.]
Deleting data DELETE:-
DELETE [<SCOPE>][FOR CONDITION]
RECALL:-
RECALL [<SCOPE>]FOR<Condition>[WHILE<condition>]
PACK, ZAP
Closing file If used another file then the currently active database is Deleted record
closed or use only USE Command without file name will also is recognized
close currently active database file. as marked for
relation by the
word del in
full screen by
an astenisn (*)
preceding
DISPLAY
LIST out put.
Application :
Test
Summarise :
Next Lesson Topic :- Locate Specific Records

LESSON PLAN
Objectives:
1. Use of numeric functions
2. Use of staring functions
3. Use of data functions
4. Use of often functions
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: dbase 3 + different functions are attribute difference between functions and
Command is functions returns some value where as command doesnot.Function
cannot use alone. It should be a past of some command where as command is not
used within function.
Presentation:
Numeric Function -ABS[<Exp M>] returns a number
with absolute value
-Exp [<Exp M>] it returns value
expm [<Exp M>] Integer function
-log [<Exp M>] returns national
Logarithm
-Max [<Exp M>]<Exp M>
-Min [<Exp M>]<Exp M>
-Round [<Exp M>]<Exp M>
-SORT [<Exp M>] Squarate root
function
DATE Function CDOW [<Exp D>]Character day of

week
CMONTH [<Exp M>] Character
month
C TO D [<Exp C>] Character to date
D TO C [<Exp D>] date to character
DATE ( ) returns system date
DAY [<Exp D>] day of month
DOW [<Exp D>] day of week
MONTH [<Exp D>]
YEAR [<Exp D>]
Character function TIME ( ) returns system time
LOWER [<Exp C>]
UPPER [<Exp C>]
LTRIM [<Exp C>]
RTRIM [<Exp C>]
TTRIM [<Exp C>]
LEFT [<Exp C>] [<Exp M>]
RIGHT [<Exp C>] [<Exp M>]
SPACE [<Exp M>]
STUFF [<Exp C>],<Start position>
<NUMBER OF
CHARECTERS>,<EXP>,
SUB STR [<Exp C>],<Starting
position>[<number of charcers>]
AT [<Exp C1>],[<Exp C2>]
Anther ASC [<Exp C>],CHR [<Exp M>]
BOP ( ), E OF ( ),US ( )
DBF ( ),FIELD [<Exp R>]
DELETE () Type [<Exp C>]
is ALPHA [<Exp C>],LLM [<Exp
C>]
B LOWER [<Exp C>],IS UPPER
[<Exp C>]
STR [<Exp M>][ <LOG C>]
[<DYMAL>]
VERSION() VAL[<Exp C>]
QUESTION :
1. How many types of function attribute in dbase
2. write a possible numeric functions? Explain team brightly
3. Explain data function explain character function with the help of different
functions are can get different conversion or formatted or required result.
This result we can use command as get required out put
Test
Summarise :
Next Lesson Topic :- Desktop Publishing

LESSON PLAN
Objectives :
1. Looking at list of specified records.
2. Use of List Command
3. Use of Display command
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: To look at data which are meet to specific criteria two command list and display
can be used.
Presentation:
DISPLAY Syntax:
DISPLAY [ <SCOPE>][ [FIELDS]
<exp.list>]
[ FOR <EXPL]
[ WHILE <EXPL>][OFF]
[TO PRINT ]
Display Command can be used to
display a varity of information
DISPLAY
Displays fields of current records.
records.
DISPLAY ALL
is similar to LIST except
DISPLAY ALL displays contents
page wise.
DISPLAY < SCOPE>
We can use <SCOP>other than
ALL
DISPLAY [ fields]
Display only specified fields.
Display OFF Suppresses display of
record no.
DISPLAY TO PRINT Send Output to
printer.
DISPLAY FOR OR
DISPLAY WHILE We can use to
display records with specific
commands with displays command
we can use different type of function
according to our requirements.
LIST SYNTAX :
LIST [ <SCOPE>][<expansion list>]
[ FOR <Condition>]
[WHILE <Condition>]
[ OFF]
[ TO PRINT]
Display the contents of a database
File. used alone it display all records
use scope & for while clauses to list
selectivity.
QUESTION :
1. Write two commands to display information ?
2. Write Syntax for LIST, DISPLAY
3. Write a option to suppress record no, display in list & display tow
command are very useful to display information on screen or to printer
with the help of scopes & for while we can choose records with specific
value
Test
Summarise :
Invite Questions from trainees INFORMATION COMMANDS [TO

CALCULATE DATA]
Next Lesson Topic :-Create, Save, Delete memory variables.

LESSON PLAN
Objectives :
1. Create database file
2. Enter data in file
3. Create dbase III+
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: A Command is a dbase III+ instruct to create a dbase file we have to give dbase III+
command create A database file is analog our to preparation of tabular. from the fields
for each entry are to be numeric the side & type to be defended
Presentation:
Creating a Data Base CREATE Command defines a new e.g Emp.DBF
File data base file EMP.NOC 3-0
Syntax:- EMP.NAME 20-10
CREATE [<File>] BASIC M 5.2
CREATE [<File> from <file>]
CREATE TABLE REPORT [<file>] Default
CREATE VIEW <VIEW Extinction dbase file in .DBF
FILE>FORM ENVIRONMENT
[ALL]
The create command always you to
different types of file
CREATE [<File>]
Create a new data base III+ database
file by using full screen defined
database structure.
name,type,length & number of
decimal places for each internew
database are entered at this time
when the structure definition is
complete dbase asks. if you wish to
enter data at this time. if you
proposed with "yes" APPEND
automatically inverted so that record
can be added immediately.
Default field type is character type
we can use spacebar to change type.
Also we can use c,m,d,i,m keys to
change type.
Data base file name field name field
type, field size.
Decimal point etc.save database file
by pressing END to come out from
dbase III+ type Quit at dot prompt
you will be bake to dos prompt
QUESTIONS :
1. How many types of fields are there in dbase ?
2. Write Syntax of CREATE
3. How to end a session of dbase III+?
Test
Summarise : Create defines a new database file to use create must know
the rules for file
names,fieldname,field type fielsize
Next Lesson Topic :- Open, Append, Changing , Delete data from data
base
LESSON PLAN
Objectives :
1. Introduction to database III+
2. Records and fields
3. Getting started with database III+
4. Main screen
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: In our day today life we try to maintain care important information data in an
organized fashion so can quickly get base data and append data as well as data
and able to required data easily.
Presentation:
The computerized method of database
management is very much similar to
manual method except the
terminology. Once you decide the field
related data items which have to be
maintained in various columns; you
will make a table for these columns & Record
naming each column with related
heading each column is called "field".
A set of related fields which are file
sorted in row called "Record". A set
of records of the database forms a
"file".
Getting Started with You must have proper config.Sys file You can abbreviate all. dBase
database III + on the root directory command by typing the field
files : 20 four character of the command.
Buffers :15
Write Report on prompt & puce
1st you will see database screen. Then
notice the database III+ dot prompt
on the screen. It means dbase in
waiting for you to enter a command
remember to press return to enter
each dbase command.
Command typed at the dbase
dot prompt can be either lover or
upper case.
Also notice highlighted line at
the bottom known as
statusbar,running current status of
system.
Question :
1. What is relational data base ?
2. What is database ?
3. What is dot prompt in dbase ?
Test
Summarise :Database is a collection of database which are return in sorted

oredrs,from which are can edit,apppend,delet,record data very easily we can
process it and an get read.
Next Lesson Topic Creating data base file and structure

LESSON PLAN
Objective :
1. Create memory variable of different type as Ruse.
2. Ruse memory variables
3. Save memory variables in file
4. Recall memory variables declaring next expulsion.
5.
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: In dbase III + we can use 256 memory. Variables sat once time. Also we can
define different it's of memory variables. If one required file use make then
256 variables at a time some variables by to reuse.
Presentation:
Create memory There are two types of memory
Variables variables in dbase III+ .
1. Public
2. Private
PUBLIC:
Syntax:-
PUBLIC <memory variable list>
Defines memory variables as global

and all then to be used by any
programmer at any file.
PUBLIC variables are not released
when a program ends.
When we define PUBLIC
variables ,before intialibtion all
variable sare of logical type and value
is F. But as soon as we store some
value init it be comes that particulars
type.
PRIVATE:-
Syntax:-
PRIVATE <memory variable >
hides all hignen level definitions of
the specificed.Variables from the
current and lower level program.
Delete memory variable RELEASE:-
RELEASE ALL [ line/except
<sections>]
If we are want to use more than 256
variables than release some or all
memory variables.
( ) Release A,B,C
release A,B,C
RELEASE ALL
release all variables
RELEASE ALL LIKE A*
release all memory variable whose 1st
character is A RELEASE All Except
A*
release all other memory variables
except variables stunt with order A
Saving memory Variables SAVE TO <file>[ ALL

LIKE/EXCEPT <Section>]
Saved all part on the memory
variables.
Recall memory RESTORE FROM <memory
Variables file>[ ADDITIVE]
Relative and activity memory
variables purely save to a memory
file with the ADDITIVE option the
current memory variables are kept
and the new use are a deled.
Question:
1. What is different between private & public variable ?
2. Write command to save and Recall memory variable?
Test
Summarise : In dbase III+ we can use to types of memory variables private

and public to requirement. Also can save on Recall memory variables file from
file.
Next Lesson Topic :- Use of different Type of Functions available in

dbase III+
LESSON PLAN
Objective :
1. What is ordering of data?
2. INDEX File Concept
3. Sorting
4. Seek specific records
Preparation :
Review :
Introduction: Ordering data is one of the very useful of dbase III+ As you append data to a
database the records will not be in the order you want you must link the data in
ascending or descending order based on a field as your requirement.
Presentation:
Key Field A key field is a field or expression by
which a data base file in
sorted,indexed,joined,totaled or
updated
INDEX:- Create on index file from the active - Default extension is.NDX
database file
Syntax:-
INDEX ON <key expression> - You can not indexation logical
To <index file>[ UNIQUE] field.
The key fields are ordered -To index numeric data in
alphabetically;demologically or descending order put-sign
Numberically.If there are duplicate before numeric field INDEX
key fields use UNIQUE to ignore ON to DESNO
duplicate keys. Different between Indexed and
If you want to index. alphabetically sorted file
in descending order use as duntion
put negative sign over there an index
it.
REINDEX:- REINDEX will INDEXED Open

index file on key field.
SEEK Conduents a very rapid record search
by seeking the first record in on
indexed database file.
Syntax:-
SEEK <expression>
SORT Copies all on part of one data base
file to a new database file to a new
data base file in descending or
ascending order as command given.
Syntax:-
SORT TO <New file>ON <field>
[/A][/ C][/D][ <FIELD>]
[/A][/C][/D]....][<SCOPE>]
[FOR <condition>]
[WHILE <condition>]
You can sort in individual field in
ascending order ( default /A) on
descending order [/D]
The /C option ignores upper and
lowercase destination.
Question :
1. What is ordering data?
2. What is key field ?
3. What is syntax for index & Sort command ?
Test
Summarise : Ordering data is required when you want process data and want
some information INDEX and SORT and SORT tow command in dbase III+
used to great ordered Data
Next Lesson Topic :- Create, delete ,save& Recall memory variables

LESSON PLAN
Title: memory devices. (memory unit)

Objectives: memory unit.
Aids: black board, chalk stick, duster.
Preparation: function of memory unit in computer.
Introduction:
Motivation:
Presentation:
Memory unit:- The memory unit of CPU stores all data, instruction &
results temporarily. The memory consists of hundreds of
thousands of cells called storage locations each capable of
storing one word of information. The memory units is called
by different names, such as internal storage, primary storage
or main memory
The internal memory unit is made
of solid state devices that may belong to one of the following
too media.
1. Magnetic cores.
2. Semiconductors.
Magnetic core memory :- for many years, magnetic
cores were the principal elements used for internal memory.
A magnetic core is a ting hollow ferrite ring which can be
magnetic by means of an electric current sent through it the
direction of the current determines the polarity of the core.
Thus a single core can be made to represent a binary 1or 0.
an array of such cores makes up the internal storage.
Semiconductor memory:- recently, magnetic cores
have largely been replaced by semiconductor devices.
Semiconductor memory insert of a large no. of transistors
etched onto silicon chips in high densities. A transistor is a
two state device that can be made to conduct or not to
conduct thus representing a binary 1 to 0.
Compared to magnetic core memory
transfer of information in semiconductor memory is
much faster. however, semiconductor memories are
volatile, thus losing data when power is turned off.Core
memory is non volatile.
Question: (1) what is the function of memory?
(2) what do you mean by the term volatile?
(3) which component is used in semi conductor memory
Summary: The memory unit holds all data, instructions and result temporarily when. We switched
off the computer then all the information stored in memory get lost. So, to store
data permanently we have to use external storage.
Assignment:
Reference:
Next Lesson: Memory unit ( Internal memory)
LESSON PLAN
Title: memory unit (internal memory)

Objectives: types of memory (internal)
Preparation: Type of memory, introduction to RAM, ROM, PROM,EPROM
Introduction:
Motivation:
Presentation:
Internal Main memory
memory:-
RAM ROM
PROM
EPROM
Dynamic Static
RAM RAM
Main memory or internal memories are of two types.

RAM:- random access memory (r/w memory) this memory
is volatile, thus losing stored data when power is turned off
there are two types of ram.
1. Dynamic ram:- it uses capacitor to store the
information as a change it has high density and
speed. Than other memory but the main drawback
of it is that the charge up spread out after every
milliseconds, we have to rewrite the information
after some period of time. It is called refreshing the
memory & needs extra circuit for it.
2. Static ram:- this memory is made up of flip-
flop and store the information as voltage.
2. Rom :- read only memory
Rom is a non volatile memory. We can not change the
information stored in rom. But can only read.
PROM :- programmable read only memory we can
write the information in this rom but once you gave written
any information in it you cant change it but we can only
read it.
EPROM :- erasable programmable read only memory:-
in this type of rom we can read the information , & change
the unnecessary information.
EPROM:- electrically erasable prom.
UVPROM :- ultra violet erasable prom.
Question: (1) what is the difference between RAM & ROM.
(2) what is the difference between ROM, PROM, and EPROM
(3) which component is used in dynamic ram?
Summary: any information we enter in computer it is stored in ram but ram is volatile memory, so to
store this information permanently we have to store this information on external storage.
Assignment:
Reference:
Next Lesson: Secondary memory devices.
LESSON PLAN
Name : G. K. Wadhwa Unit/Block No.: Week No.: 10,11 Lesson no. : 11
Title: Secondary memory devices. (external memory)

Objectives: (1) floppy disk
(2) magnetic disk
(3) magnetic tape
(4) CD - ROM
Preparation: importance of secondary memory devices.
Motivation:
Presentation:
Data stored in internal (primary) memory of computer is
lost when we switch of the computer. So, for permanent
storage of data we have to use secondary storage devices,
also called external storage.
1. Floppy Disk :- Floppy disk:- there are three types of floppy disk .
(1) 8 (2) 5.25 and (3) 3.5.
but now a days 3.5 floppy disk is most used in market.
Floppy disk is most popular device used as secondary
storage.
Storage capacity of floppy disk,:-
(1) 5.25 - (a) 1.2 MB
(b) 360 KB
(2) 3.5 (a) 1.44 MB
(b) 720 KB
2. Magnetic Disk:- Magnetic disk:- Magnetic disk is also used as a secondary

storage. It contains so many disk stacked together in an
aluminum box and fix in a computer unit. Like floppy disk
we can not transfer it from one place to another.
There are two types of hard disk
(1) fixed head (2) movable head
3. Magnetic Tape:- Magnetic tape:- Magnetic tape is also a secondary storage.

It stores data sequentially on magnetic tape now a day it is
not much used. Because it is costly and big in size. So we
can not transfer from one place to another very easily.
4. CD-ROM :- CD ROM:- now a days cd Rom is most popular and used

secondary storage. Cd Rom means compact disk like hard
disk we can store information in cd Rom and when ever
needed we can retrieve it. We can transfer it from one place
to another very easily.
Question:(1) what is a secondary device?
(2) Why we need secondary devices?
(3) List different name of secondary devices?
(4) What is CD ROM?
Summary: all information given to the computer stored in ram but this information is lost when we
switch off the computer. So we need an external media in which we can store data
permanently floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape , CD ROM are devices used as an external
storage.
Assignment:
Reference:
Next Lesson: Software Concepts
LESSON PLAN
Title: Operating System - MSDOS

Objectives: (1) what is operating system? Example of operating system.
Aids: black board , chalk stick, duster.
Preparation: importance of operating system and different example of operating system.
Introduction:
Motivation:
Presentation:
Operating system:- The software that manages the resources of a computer
system and schedule its operation is called the operating
system .
The operating system acts as an interface between
the hard ware and the user programs and facilitates the
execution of the programs.
The principal functions of operating system include.

(1) to control and coordinate peripherals devices such
as printers, display screen and click drives
(2) to monitor the use of the machines resources .
(3) to help the assignment programs execute its
instructions.
(4) To help the user develop programs.
(5) To deal with any faults that may occur in the
computer and inform the operator
The operating system is usually
available with hard ware manufacturers and is rarely
developed in house owing to its technical complexity
The most popular operating system for an 8 bit
microprocessor is CP/M (control program for
microprocessor)
Recently, with the introduction of 16/32 bit
processor, operating system such as ms dos , Unix and
CP/M 86 are becoming popular
The operating system limits the variety and
nature of devices which can be attached to the computer
and kind of software which can be supported.
Question: (1) what is operating system?
(2) List the function of operating system.
(3) Give example of operating system.
Summary: operating system is software which enable the computer system to supervise its own
operation without operating system computer can not able to do any operation.
Assignment:
Next Lesson: Windows Operating System
LESSON PLAN
Title: DOS Operating system.

Objectives :(1) Introduction to MSDOS .
(2) Different command of MSDOS (Internal )
Preparation: Use of different command of ms dos.
Introduction:
Motivation:
Presentation:
MSDOS :- MSDOS:- Micro Soft Disk Operating System. MSDOS is
an operating system. It has two types of command
(1) internal command or resident command
(2) external command or non resident command
Internal command are built in command which are stored

up as command .com & and hidden files .
Internal command :- ex. IBM or ms dos .sys & bios .sys the internal command
are
(1) cls clear the screen
(2) date- to edit or to see the system date
(3) time to edit or to see the system time
(4) dir list the directory of the disk
(5) copy to copy one file into another file or disk
(6) Erase or del- to delete files.
(7) Prompt- to change the dos prompt.
(8) Ren to change the name of a file.
(9) Ver- to see the version of the dos.
(10) Vol to see the volume label of the disk
(11) md to make subdirectory
(12) cd to change the subdirectory
(13) rd - remove the subdirectory
(14) Path to set or see the path for bat,exe or com
files.
(15) Type to see the contents of file on the screen.
Question: (1) what is ms dos?

(2) What is internal command?
(3) Give the syntax of copy, erase, rename and dir commands.
Summary: MSDOS means Microsoft disk operating system it is one type of operating system. It is
mainly use for micro computer
ASSIGENMENT: - give exercise to practice various dos internal commands.
Next Lesson: Windows Operating System.
LESSON PLAN
Title: DOS Operating System.

Objectives: (1) different external command of ms dos.
Preparation: use of different external command of dos
Motivation:
Presentation:
External command :- External commands or non resident command s can be
executed when there particular files are present on the disk.
Otherwise it can not be executed there files gave an
extension of .com or .exe.
Some external commands are as follows :

(1) Attrib security of files can be maintained to read
only.
(2) Chkdsk specifies the information of disk drive or
a floppy diskette
(3) Comp compares the two files.
(4) Disk copy copies the whole diskette from source
drive to target drive.
(5) Label to change the volume label of diskette
(6)Format make a markets newly available disk to
work. On computer by formatting or
sketching virtual cylinder (tracks &
sector) on the magnetic material. This
command is also useful to make a disk
bootable.
(7)Tree: - it shows the tree of files & subdirectory of
the disk.
(8)Edit:- by edit file you can edit a file line wise &
you can also creating a new file.
(9) Sys:- this command is use full to copy system file
( hidden file of dos ) to another disk.
(10) Disk comp: - compare one diskette with another
diskette.
Question: (1) what is external command?
(2) What is the function of format command?
(3) Explain the use of edit command?
(4) How can you make your file read only?
Summary:- external command are non resident commands . And each external command need there
particular files (which have extension exe pr.com) when they are executed.
Assignment:- Give exercises to practice various dos external command.
Next Lesson: Windows Operating System.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Flow Chart.

Objectives: 1. Definition of flow chart.
2. Different symbols used for flow chart.
Aids:- black board, duster, chalk stick.
Preparation:- why flow chart is used for program development.
Introduction:
Motivation:
Presentation:
Flow chart:- The use of a computer for solving the problems needs the
algorithm to be converted into computer program. It is the
usual practice to introduce another intermediate step prior
to the preparation of computer program. This step is the
drawing of a flow chart.
A flow chart is a diagrammatic representation that

illustrates the sequence of operations to be performed to
arrive the at the salutation. The operating instructions are
placed in boxes which are connected by arrows to indicate
the order of execution.
Flow chart are an to writing programs and they serves

several other purposes. They:
(1) are easier to understand at a glance than a narrative

description
(2) Assist in reviewing and debugging of a program.
(3) Provide effective program documentation.
(4) Help in the discussion of a solution with other or in
explaining the program to others.
In drawing flow charts certain conventions have come into

use they are :-
: start or and of program.
: Computational steps.
: Input or output instructions.
Yes : decision making & Branching.
No
: connector or joining of too parts

A of program.
A
: Directional Arrows
Question: (1) how does a flow chart help a computer programmer?

(2) What do you understand by the terms branching & looping?
(3) Explain different symbols used in flow charting.
Summary: flow cart is a diagrammatic representation of the sequence of operations to be performed to
solve the problem.
Assignment: Give examples to draw a flow chart for any problem solution.
Reference:
Next Lesson: Overview Of 'C'
LESSON PLAN
Title: Architecture of a micro computer

Objectives: (1) Explanation of architecture.
(2) Detail of blocks.
(3) Instruction cycles.
(4) Fetch cycles.
(5) Execute cycles.

Preparation: before the executing the sequence of instruction of a program is stored in memory.
Review: the whole cpu with related timing function is built on single chip along with data necessary
to execute to instruction.
Introduction: The instructions are than executed one after another in the order in which they are
written.
Presentation: execution of an instruction has two phases. I phase & E phase.
Presentation:
Architecture of
micro computer:- INPUT OUTPUT
ALU REGISTER
ARRAY
SYSTEM BUS
CONTROL
UNIT
RAM ROM
Contents of
Micro (1) Microprocessor.
Computer:- (a) Arithmetic and logic unit.
(b) Register array.
(C) Control unit.
(2) Input devices.
(3) Output devices.
(4) System bus.
(5) Memory.
(a) main memory -- RAM
-- ROM
-- PROM
-- EPROM
(b) Secondary memory.
Hard disk, floppy disk etc.
System bus :- The system bus is used to carry information signals
i.e data and instruction from one unit to other.
The system bus can be classified into sub The op code is
busses depending upon their work. decoded to see
which of the basic
Address bus :- it is used to carry the address of memory operation to be
location from which data is taken or stored. performed.
Execution of is
Data bus :- data bus is used to take there data from the main operation needs a
unit to the memory or specified destination. set of control
signals, which are
Control bus :- control bus is used to carry the timing signals initiated after this
as per to the instruction execution. decoding.
Fetch and Instructions fetch cycle or fetch phase. The execution of
Execute cycles :- (1) The instruction to be executed is fetched from an instruction
memory ( the beginning address of this involves the steps
instruction in memory is available in the given below.
register. (1) the operand
(2) The op - code part of the instruction is stored fetch initiated using
in o pr register and the address part is placed the address of the
in MAR. operand found in
MAR.
Question: (1) what is microprocessor?

(2) What is system bus?
(3) How is system bus classified?
(5) draw a architecture of microprocessor

(6) How many phases are there in an Instruction cycle?
Summary: result after the invention of semiconductor technology it underwent many modifications
and ultimately a chip containing whole cpu and control timing unit was made. This chip is
known as microprocessor and the computer using a microprocessor is called
microcomputer.
These control signals differ from one operation to another. There are some
instruction which do not need fetching of an operand.
Application: - There are nine general purpose registers which are use to store intermediates obtained
during an arithmetic operation.
Assignment:
Reference: specify details regarding microprocessor evolution.
Next Lesson: Secondary Memory Devices.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Computer Programming Languages.

Objectives:
Aids: Black board,Chalk,duster
Preparation:
Introduction:
Motivation: Software considered to be Soul of computer. Without it is like a dead body.
Presentation:
Program:- Sequence of instruction to perform any task is called
program.
The language , which can understood by computer is
known as programming language.
There are 3 types of programming language.
(1) Machine language
(2) Assembly language
(3) Higher level language
Machine language :- Computer works on binary pulses. Hence, it can be

understood only in pulses. Program written in binary code
is called machine language.
Assembly language:- Instructions written in machine language is not easy to

remember. We can easily remember the symbols instead of
numbers or code. Assembly language uses mnemonics
( symbols) to represent any instruction.
Assembly or symbolic language requires Translator ,
which translate assembly language program into machine
language.
Machine & Assembly language, both are machine oriented

language. Program development in this language is very
tedious.
Higher Level Higher level languages uses simple English words, in

Language:- which command in particular format are used to perform
some instruction or work.
This language is user oriented. As writing program in
machine language being tedious, it puts off write in
English like words which is easy & convenient, consuming
less time with minimum error.
Then this English type command are converted into
machine language by particular program. For each High
level Language that may be a Compiler or Interpreter.
Source Program:- Program written in High level language or Symbolic
language is called source program or code.
Object Program:- Translator translates program written in source program to

machine language. The translated program is called object
program.
Question: (1) What do you mean by Machine language?

(2) Why H.L.L. is required?
(3) Function of Translator.
(4) Difference between Compiler and Interpreter.
Summary: Program can be written and understood easily in Higher Level Language, but Computer
understands only Machine language. Therefore Translator is required for particular
Higher Level Language.
Application:
Reference:
Next Lesson: Input / Output devices.
LESSON PLAN
Topic / Aim : Overview of C.

Objective : (1) Programming environment
(2) Programming language ( characteristics & rules of writing program)
(3) Difference from other languages and programming media like d-base &
COBOL.
Aids : Chalk, Duster, Pointer.

Preparation :
* Review :
* Intoduction : Programming techniques & flow charting.
Motivation : Window & dos base program like typing tutor ,Ms-Office etc.
Presentation :
Spot hints /
Topics Information Points Tell
Question (Ask)
History of C:- This language was developed in 1970. & By invention of c
Now a days of became leading programming language the
programming language & widely used to complexity in program
day. development decreased due
Complex programming became simple. to its. program
The first wide spread language was environment & its feature
FORTRAN. like function library &
In 1960 structure programming was structured program.
born. it was not is to easy to
But skill complexity was exceeding of understand.
program cross over certain size. Differentiate between
How C++ was To eliminate problem a new way of C and d-base Cobol.
invented? program was eliminate called OOPS. Installation & loading
C++ was invented. of c.
Characteristics :- Portable:- Programming can move from one OOPs- Object Oriented
machine to other machine easily. Programming
Free format language
Powerful library.
Middle level language.
Powerful operator.
Menu & help driven language.
Rules to write use lowercase. Source
program:- Key word cant be used for variable & Code
functions name.
C is a case sensitive soft soft, soft all are
Object
different. code
Link Exe File
Each statement terminals by semicolon
sign ; (Which can be Run on
DOS)
main( ) is a main function complier
starts from here.
Program code must be written between {}
break.
Reserve key words
Mechanism of C Three base.
Data type:-
Encapsulation int, char, long, short,
Inheritance double, float, unsigned,
Polymorphism Loop:- if ,do, while, case,
break, continue
for, else, switch,
other:- auto, const, enum,
extern, goto, register,
return, signed, sizeof,
structure,typed of union,
void , volatile.
Define variable
study of memory occupied
by particular
data types.
APPLICATION :
SUMMARY : C is a more easier programming language. Program
can be period by using its own editor & it has its
own compiler.
ASSIGNMENT/ : (1) what is identifier? Short cut key used on C & C++?
QUESTION (2) what is range of each data types.
(3) for farcical no which data type preferred?
(4) what difference between float and double
REFERENCE : C language can be widely used for development of required program.
NEXT LESSON : Operators and I/O Function
LESSON PLAN
Topic / Aim : Operator & Input - Output functions.

Objective : (1) Operators (2) Input & out put functions.
(3) Application of operator & input & out put function.
Aids : Chalk, Duster, Pointer.
Preparation :
* Review :
* Intoduction : Simple program of presenting one sentence.
Motivation : Data manipulation by calculation of window accessories.
Presentation :
Spot hints /
Topics Information Points Tell
Question (Ask)
Operators:- Define operation operator is nothing but it Extraction operator in C++
is used to manipulate data C & C++ has rich set >> in C sand in C++
of operator. inversion operator in c
prompt &
Classification operating C Arithmetic :-
Operator can be classified on three % (modular),
groups (1) arithmetic (2) relational (3) logical *(multiply ) ,
/ ( division),
In C value of variable increased by 1 + (addition),
or decreased by 1 with use of increment or - (mines),
decrement operators. Further increments or ++ (increment),
discernments open to can be classified a two --(discernment),
why. = (equal to).
(a) Pre increments or decrements Relational
(b) post increment or decrements > (greater) ,<
(less then),
>= (greater
then equal ),
<= ( less
then equal ),
==
logical operators use when ( compare).
conditional statement required. Logical
& & ( and ), !!
(or),!(not).
Value can be a
sign. After increment
& discernment
Value can be a sign
before increment &
decrement.
Functions (1) To accept one character from Structure of C program
( input & out put ):- user - getchar() header file
String function used (2) To print one character on current include <stdio.h>
to drive string length cursor position - putchar( ) main function
or to copy or (3) getch( ) :- dont wait for get void main ()
compare string ch( ) enter after reading Open curly bracket {
(1) strlen (4) gets( ):- to get string from key Write statement < >
(<string> ) board. end with ;
(2) strcat (<str1 , (5) printf( ):- to display data on Close curly bracket }
str2, merge screen.
str >) (6) Scanf( ):- to gets data from user.
(3) strcopy
( str1, str2 )
Different format which are used to printf or scan

the value from user.
Character Function : Format purpose String : group of

character.
Isalpha to check % d :- integer or dec.value
character alpha % I :- integer Escape sequence:-
given % f:- floating value starting from \ with
Isdigit to check % c:- character printff to print text on
chara. is digit or not. % s:- string different line or
Isalnum given char % u:- un signer character or inp. different column.
is alphanumeric. CODE USED FOR
Isupper given char. Above formats can be used with Scanf \n - for new line
In uppercase. function. \b - for back space
Islower given char. \t - for horizontal tab.
In lowercase. \r - for vertical tab.
Isspace given char. \ - double quote.
Is space or not. \ - single quote.
Toupper convert \\ - back space.
into uppercase. \o - null character.
Tolower convert \a - alert.
into lowercase.
APPLICATION : Operator are used to manipulate data while function use for group work which
include in C library.
SUMMARY : Operator and library function are heart of C programming.
ASSIGNMENT/ : When escape sequence is to be used ?
QUESTION Why we havent include conditional operator?
REFERENCE :
NEXT LESSON : LOOP,ARRAY, POINTER.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Loop ,Array and Pointer

Objectives: 1. loop
2. Array ( Introduction)
3. Pointer
Aids:
Preparation: Programming in C
Introduction:
Motivation: Various types of arithmetical loop
Presentation:
Loop What is loop ? For If statement
Loop means incremental or decrement in assign value Syntax:-
at regular interval. For if
<condition>
If statement :- It can be used to take decision for given {
statement. <statement>
}
Switch statement :- This can be applied when it is
necessary to prove one statement true out of given multiple SWITCH st.
state. Syntax:-
Switch
While loop :-When same thing is to be repeat while loop (<variable>)
can be used. {
Syntax :- case
While (<condition>) <value>:<st.>
{ break;
< statement > case
} <value>:<st.>
break;
Do While loop :- }
This loop is useful when it is necessary go upto routine
work,
FOR loop:- It will execute statement from starting value to Condition loop-
end value upto condtion became true. DO
Syntax:- Syntax:-
For (<starting value>; <condition>;<increment/decrement> do
{ <statement>
}
while
<condition>
}
Array :- An array is collection of data elements of same type that
are referred by common name.
Ex. Int A[10]
Means we can store 10 value in array A of int data type.
Index number in array start from 0 to refer data index
number is used.
Character/string array syntax:-
Double dimension array <data type>
- single raw <name of array>
- row + column <size of array>
syntax for double dimension array :-
<data type> <name of array> <size1,size2>
Pointer :- Pointer :- Pointer is a variable which store memory

address of another variable.
Question: 1. Mention two way of accessing variable?

Summary: By use of Loop, pointer, array complexity decreased in C programming.
Application: Loop can be used for program in C to increase value at regular interval.
Reference:
Next Lesson: Princople of OOPs.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Principle of OOPs.

Objectives: 1.Concept of OOPs.
2. Encapsulation,Inheritance,Polymerphism
3. Application of C++.
Aids: Black board,chalk,duster
Preparation:
Motivation: Handling & maintaining program.
Object Oriented OOPs means a solution of problem ( programming) C++ is invented
Programming by use of inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism in 1979.
( OOPs) By use of C++ .
Disadvantages of C was overcome by C++ ( limits to
C++ is ia extended prog. Language ( i.e. extension handle
of C) complexity by
It includes features of C also. means of size.)
Encapsulation :- Encapsulation means binding of data and code

which keeps safe & misuse. We can say encapsulation Advantages of
is protective wrapper of data & code i.e. code or data encapsulation
cant be used from out side the wrapper. is that it cant
effect data or
Inheritance :- Inheritance means one program object can acquire code.
property of another object.
e.g. A class of program can acquire property of
encapsulation of another class. New sub class will
have the same property of main class.
Polymerphism :- The program which require stack. One stack used

for integer value while other used for float value or Example of Poly.
a character. The algorithm implement for each Milk ( interface)
stack is same but value stored is different .Thus
polymerphism means one interface multiple
method.We can say it is possible to design general
interface to related group of acitivity. you can you
can make make
Tea Coffee
Stack-1 Stack-2
Question: What is encapsulation, inheritance & polymerphism.
Summary: Basic idea to research of C of handling large size of program easily.
Application: C++ is a language which handle large size of program easily. C++ program are easy to
maintain & expandable
Next Lesson:Starting of C++.
LESSON PLAN
Title: Starting C++

Objectives: 1. Starting with C++.
2. Study of Program structure in C++ with data types.
3. Compiling, linking and running program in C++.
Preparation:
Introduction: Flow charting, A way of programming in C.
Motivation:
Presentation:
Starting C++ The way of writing program in C++ is same but the Instead of
function to display output or accept value from user is printf(),
some what different. cout
used.
Instead of
scanf(),
cin is
used.
Header
file name
Structure of C++ program:- is
Include < iostream.h> different.
void main()
{ In C
cout << This is my first program<<\n<<welcome; <stdio.h> used.
}
statement end by semicolon sign ; as in C.
Note:-
In C variable must be declared before executable
statement appears. Where in C++ you can declare
variable any where in program.
We can say if we declare variable after executable Compiling and
statement in C the statement become invalid. running
program is same
Data types in C++:- as C but some
Details of Data Types:- Bytes program coding
1. Integer ( Signed/unsigned) 2/2 changed in C++.
2. Short integer 2
3. Unsigned short integer 2
4. Long integer 4 Range is same
5. Unsigned long integer 4 as in C
6. Float 4
7. Double 8
8. Long double 10
9. Character 1
10. Unsigned character 1
Question: What is the difference between C & C++.

Summary: C++ can handle large size of program easily i.e. disadvantage of C overcome by C++.
Application: C++ is more advance programming language i.e. you can use it for easy programming
rather than C.
Reference:
Next Lesson: Control structure
LESSON PLAN
Title: Control structure

Objectives: 1. Lay out of Control structure
2. Understanding structure
3. Implementation
Preparation:
Introduction:
Motivation: Referring ready made program based on C or C++.
Presentation:
Method of declaring statement Control Structure
N.B.:- (Expressions) assigning variable are as Selection
same as C If- else
Switch
Control Like C, C++ supports three basic Sequence
Structure:- control structures. Loop
It combines power of structured While
programming with Object Oriented Do-
Programming (OOPs). For
IF statement :-
The Format of IF statement is same as
C.
Syntax:-
If < expression>
{
statement true block
}
else
{
statement false block Syntax:-
Switch } Switch ( expression)
Statement:- { case value 1 :
program statement
The switch case is a better way of break
writing program when series of if-else case value 2 :
statement occurs. program statement
This is another form of multiple break .
choices. It is well structured but it can }
only be used where only one variable
listed and all branches depend on value
of that variable.
Loops in C++ :-
C++ allows execution of statements
respectively using structure of loops.
(1) FOR loop:

Body of FOR loop
For (initialize counter; conditional list;
re evalution para.)
{
Body of for loop While ( condition )
} {
body of while loop
(2) While loop :- }
While loop used when interaction
is based on condition. Same way Do
While can be used.
Question: When & where while , Do while loop used.

Summary: Three types of control structure are there.
(a) selection (b) sequence (c) loop
Application: By using 3 control structure, power of structured programming can be achieved.
Reference:
Next Lesson: Function in C++.
LESSON PLAN
Name : Smt. G. K. Wadhwa Week No.: 23 Lesson no. : 23
Trade : COPA Date : Time :150 Minutes
Title: Pointer & File Management in "C".

Objectives: 1. Use of Pointers.
2. Introduction to data file.
Aids: Black board, Chalk, duster
Preparation:
Introduction:
Motivation:
Presentation:
1. fopen Before the file can be read or written, a file has to be
opened by the library function fopen.
2. File Pointer: The file Pointer, points to a structure that contains

information about the file such as the location of a buffer,
the current character position in the buffer. The declaration
of file Pointer is done by
file *fp;
file *fopen(char *name, char *mode)
where fp is a file pointer.
The call to fopen in a program is
fp= fopen ( name, mode) ;
Where name is a name of file and mode indicates how one

intends to use the file.
Allowable modes includes
"r" - read
"w"- write
"a" - append
3. putc : putc writes the character to the file.

syntax:-
int putc (intc, file *fp)
4. getc : getc returns the next character from the file . It returns EOF
for end of file or error.
int getc (file *fp)
5. fclose : The function fclose is opposite of fopen.
It breaks the connection between the file pointer & the
external name that was established by fopen, freeing the
file pointer for another file.
Syntax:
int fclose ( file *fp )
Question: 1. What is file pointer?

2. Which function is used to open a file?
3. How can we declare file pointer?
4. List the different type of mode in file opening.
5. Which function is used to write character in the file?
6. Which function is used to read a string from the file?
Summary: fopen open the data file,
putc writes the character to the file,
getc read the string from the file.
Application:
Reference:
Next Lesson: Principle of OOPS.

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