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Math (2nd Quarter) : Word Problems Involving Quadratic Equation

The document is a math lesson on quadratic equations that includes the following topics: - Solving word problems involving quadratic equations using suggested steps. - Defining quadratic equations and their standard and other forms. - Graphing quadratic functions by recognizing that their graphs form parabolas. - Deriving quadratic functions from their zeros, tables of values, vertices or points. - Explaining direct linear variation through equations, graphs and tables of data.

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Hannah Labordo
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169 views9 pages

Math (2nd Quarter) : Word Problems Involving Quadratic Equation

The document is a math lesson on quadratic equations that includes the following topics: - Solving word problems involving quadratic equations using suggested steps. - Defining quadratic equations and their standard and other forms. - Graphing quadratic functions by recognizing that their graphs form parabolas. - Deriving quadratic functions from their zeros, tables of values, vertices or points. - Explaining direct linear variation through equations, graphs and tables of data.

Uploaded by

Hannah Labordo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH

(2nd quarter)
Hannah Kristeen B. Labordo
9-Prudence

Word problems involving


Quadratic Equation
Suggested Steps in Problem Solving
*Read the problems several times until you
understand it.
*Determine what is being asked in the problem.
*Represent the unknown in the problem by a
variable or variables and formulate an equation
based on the conditions given in the problem.
*Solve the equation.
*Check your answer. The answer must satisfy the
conditions given in the problem.
The product of two consecutive positive odd integers is 483.
Find the numbers.
Let x as the 1st positive odd integer
x+2 2nd positive odd integer
x(x+2) = 483
x2+2x=483
x2+2x-483=0
(x+23) (x-21) = 0
x = -23 x = 21

The numbers are 21 and 23.

Odd - not divisible by 2


Even - divisible by 2
Prime - only has one pair of factors (1 & itself)
Composite - has more than a pair of factors
Definition of Quadratic
Equation
-A quadratic function is a function that can
be written in the form of f(x) = ax2 + bx + c,
where a, b, and c are real numbers and a 0.
This is also called second degree
equation since the highest exponent is 2.
There are different forms of quadratic
equations.
f(x) = ax2 where b and c are equal to zero.
f(x) = ax2 + bx where c are equal to zero.
f(x) = ax2 + c where b is equal to zero.
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c is a complete quadratic function
where a, b, and c are not zero. This is the standard
form of quadratic equation.
Quadratic Function in the Form of f(x) = a(x - h) 2 + k
The standard form of quadratic equation can be written in
the form f(x) = a(x - h) 2 + k.
Example 1
f(x) = 2x2 f(x) = 2(x - 0) 2+ 0;
a = 2, h = 0, k = 0
Example 2
f(x) = 2x2+ 3 f(x) = 2(x - 0) 2+ 3;
a = 2, h = 0, k = 3

Graphing Quadratic Function


The path of an object when it is dropped is
called the trajectory of the object. A
bouncing object like a basketball when
dropped has a
trajectory forming
a shape called
parabola.
The graph of a
quadratic function
is a parabola. If a
> 0, the parabola
opens upward and it has a minimum point.
If a < 0, the parabola opens downward and
it has a maximum point. The turning point
of the graph of quadratic function is called
the vertex. The vertical line that passes
through the vertex and divides the parabola
equally is called the axis of symmetry.
Graph quadratic function can be in the forms of :
f(x) = ax2
f(x) = ax2 + k
f(x) = a(x-h) 2
f(x) = a(x-h) 2 = k

DERIVING Quadratic
Function
You can derive quadratic
function from zeros, table
of values, vertices and
some set of points.
One way of finding the
zeros of a function is by
factoring. You factor the
given quadratic function,
then solve for the zeros.
This time you will do the reverse. Given the
zeros, you have to find the quadratic
function.
Derive quadratic function from
ZEROS
TABLE OF VALUES
VERTEX AND A POINT

Deriving Quadratic Function from Zeros


If r and s are zeros of the function, this means that x = r and x = s. So, x - r and x - s are dactors of the
function. Hence, f(x) = (x - r)(x - s). Expanding or multiplying the factors, you have: f(x) = x2 - (r + s)x + rs

Deriving Quadratic Function from Table of Values


You know that f(x) = ax2 + bx + c for suitable a, b, c. We are also given
a + b+ c = f(1 ) = 6
4a + 2b + c = f(2) = -3
9a + 3b + c=f(3)= 4
That's three equations in three unknowns ...
Deriving Quadratic Function Given the Vertex and Point
You know that a quadratic function can be written in the form of f(x) = a(x-h) 2 + k where (h, k) is the
vertex. You have to use this information to derive a quadratic function.

DIRECT LINEAR VARIATION


When one variable is proportional to some constant times the other variable, this is known as
direct linear variation. Why linear? Because the highest power of the variable being multiplied by the
proportionality constant is 1. This means that graphs of a direct linear relationship have these
characteristics:
The line is a straight one
This straight line always passes through the origin of the graph (the 0, 0 point where the axes usually
intersect)
From a graph
One type of question will give you graphs and ask you to identify whether there is a direct linear
relationship:

Direct linear relationship Not a direct linear relationship


From an equation
In trying to recognise a direct linear variation from an equation, you want to get the equation into a form
where theres one variable on each side of the equals sign. Then, if both variables are raised to the
power 1, and youve got no other terms, then youve got yourself a linear relationship:

Direct linear relationship Not a direct linear relationship

Sometimes the equation will need rearranging before you can work out whether it is a direct linear
relationship or not:

This one was, but this next one isnt:

Although a is raised to the power 1, b, because it comes from the bottom of a fraction, is actually
raised to the power 1 in the final line.
From a table of data
Its pretty easy to tell if there is a direct linear relationship in a table of data. Just assume that there is
one, and work out the value of the proportionality constant from that. Then use the formula to check the
other values in the data set. For instance, if we were given:

x 2 3 4 5

y 5 7.5 10 12

So take the first pair of data values, and use them to work out the value of k:

So:

Then use this equation to check the other values in the table. For x = 3:

This agrees with the 7.5 in the table. For x = 4:

Thats fine too, only have to check x = 5:

This however does not agree with the y value of 12 in the table. This means the data in the table is not
part of a direct linear relationship. You could however remove the last column of data, and then the
remaining data would be part of a direct linear relationship.

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