E 231 Assignment # 4: Page 1 - Version September 25, 2017
E 231 Assignment # 4: Page 1 - Version September 25, 2017
1 Geometry in R2
Consider two vectors in R2 :
T T
v= 0 0 , w= 4 4
Sketch the set of vectors equidistant from v and w under
(a) k k2 (b) k k (c) k k1 .
In other words, find and sketch all vectors x such that kx vk = kx wk.
2 Eigenvectors
Let A Cnn . Suppose A A = A. What can you say about Spec{A} ?
3 Range and Null Spaces
Let A Cnn . Suppose A maps R(A) into N (A). What can you say about Spec(A)?
4 Orthogonal Complements
Let S and T be subspaces of Cn .
(a) Suppose S T . Show that S T
(b) Show that (S + T ) = S T
5 Jordan forms
Find the Jordan canonical forms for the following matrices:
1 2 2 11
(a) (c)
2 4 0 2
1 2 0 0
3 2
(b) 2 4 0 0
1 0
(d)
0 0 3 1
0 0 2 0
6 Jordan Forms
This is hard.
A square matrix is called idempotent if A2 = A.
A square matrix A Cnn is called semi-simple if it has n linearly independent eigenvectors. As
a consequence, its Jordan canonical form is diagonal.
(a) Suppose A Cnn is idempotent, show that A is semi-simple.
(b) Suppose A Cnn is semi-simple. Show that nullity(A) = multiplicity of the zero eigen-
value.