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Study of Various Electric Control Devices Used in Refrigeration System.

This document discusses various electric control devices used in refrigeration systems, including overload protectors, high pressure and low pressure cut-outs, relays for starting motors, thermostats, solenoid valves, and humidistats. It provides an overview of the purpose and function of each device, such as protecting compressors from overheating, maintaining safe pressure ranges, controlling temperature and humidity levels, and regulating refrigerant flow.

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660 views3 pages

Study of Various Electric Control Devices Used in Refrigeration System.

This document discusses various electric control devices used in refrigeration systems, including overload protectors, high pressure and low pressure cut-outs, relays for starting motors, thermostats, solenoid valves, and humidistats. It provides an overview of the purpose and function of each device, such as protecting compressors from overheating, maintaining safe pressure ranges, controlling temperature and humidity levels, and regulating refrigerant flow.

Uploaded by

MohdQasim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aim: To study various electric control devices used in refrigeration system.

Theory:

Over load protector: The basic function of an over load protector is to protect
compressor motor from damaged, due to over current draw and overheating over
its operating range and under over load conditions of temporary valve which might
occur occasionally. It is always try to select an overload protector which will cut
off compressor supply before it reaches the critical winding temperature level and
the sometime ensuring that the over load does not interfere at the acceptable
winding temperature over its entire operating range.

High pressure control / cut off: A high pressure cut out is a pressure control
device used as a safety control on the discharge line of a compressor or a group of
compressor. In case of condenser failure, or other operating conditions that cause
the discharge pressure to raise above a set point the high pressure cut out, opens
the compressor motor controls circuit to prevent further pressure increase. The
control can also be wired to actuate an alarm circuit.

Low pressure control cut / out: A low pressure cut out is a similar type pressure
controller. It is so arranged that the contact are opened when the pressure falls
below a given point. It is sometimes used a safety control to prevent the suction
pressure from falling to a point where the compressor ratio will be too great for the
compressor design. It also prevents the suction pressure from falling to a point
where other damage can occur from low temperature such as freezing up of a water
cooler. This cut out is often used as the control device to stop the compressor when
pressure (and therefore temperature) conditions have been satisfied. These controls
also have an adjustable range and differential.

Relay for starting of motors in refrigerant: At the time of starting, the motor
takes heavy passes through the coil which pulls up the plunger and the controls are
closed bringing the starting winding into current. Once the motor catches the
speed, the current is reduced which automatically release the plunger and the
starting winding is cut off. Only running winding is kept in the circuit. Over
current element which is a bimetallic strip disconnect the supply to the motor when
excessive current is taken by the motor. Bimetallic strip and the contacts are
broken.

Thermostat: It is used to control the temperature of the refrigeration. The bulb of


the thermostat is clamped to the evaporator or freezer. The thermostat bulb is
charged with few drops of refrigerant. The thermostat can be set to maintain
different temperature at a time. When the desired temperature is obtained, the bulb
of the thermostat senses it; the liquid in it compresses and operates the bellows of
the thermostat and open compressor motor contacts. The temperature at which the
compressor motor stops called cut out temperature

Solenoid valve: A solenoid valve is an electrically controlled refrigerant flow


control valve. It is not a modulating valve, and is either open or closed. The valve
consists of a body, a plunger with an iron core which seats in the valve orifice,
and an electrical solenoid coil. A normally closed solenoid valve is closed when
the coil is de-energized and the plunger is seated. When the solenoid coil is
energized, the magnetic effect of the coil lifts the plunger and opens the valve.
Solenoid valves are commonly used in refrigerant liquid and hot gas lines to stop
refrigerant flow when not desired, or to isolate individual evaporators when
multiple evaporators are used.

Humidistat
A humidistat (sometimes also called a hygrostat) is a small measurement
instrument or device that helps to monitor and maintain the set or preferred relative
humidity in the air. A humidistat it often included as a humidity monitoring and
control feature on portable humidifiers or on combined air cleaner/humidifier units,
to help better manage moisture level

Low pressure and high pressure controls

A low pressure control is actuated by the refrigerant suction pressure, and


normally is used to cycle the compressor for capacity control purposes, or as a
low limit control. The low pressure control often is used as the only control on
small systems which can tolerate some fluctuations in the temperature to be
maintained. The standard low pressure control makes on a rise in pressure, and
breaks on a fall in pressure. A high pressure control senses the compressor
discharge pressure, and is normally used to stop the compressor in case of
excessively high pressures.

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