404 Study Guide Workbook - General Training (English) PDF

Study Guide to the 404 Essential Tests for IELTS
General Training Module

WORKBOOK
by Donna Scovell, Vickie Pastellas and Max Knobel
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CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOK

~ GENERAL TRAINING MODULE ~
Instructions
How to use this workbook page 1
Listening Test Practice
LISTENING TEST ANSWER SHEET page 3
Listening Test Samples A to H pages 4 10
Reading Test Practice
READING TEST ANSWER SHEET page 11
Reading Test Samples A to H pages 13 26
Writing Test Practice
WRITING TASK 1 PLANNING AND ANSWER SHEETS pages 28 30
WRITING TASK 2 PLANNING AND ANSWER SHEETS pages 31 33
Writing Task 1 Practice Exercises page 34
Student Activities 1 to 8:
The Letter of Request page 34
The Letter of Complaint page 41
The Letter of Apology page 46
The Letter Providing Information page 52
< ii >
404 Essential Tests for IELTS STUDY GUIDE - Workbook
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CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOKFRQWLQXHG
Writing Task 2 Practice Exercises page 56
Student Activities 9 to 29:
ARGUMENT ESSAYS page 56
CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYS page 70
ADVANTAGE / DISADVANTAGE ESSAYS page 83
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST ESSAYS page 90
Speaking Test Practice
SPEAKING TEST PART 1 PRACTICE SHEETS pages 97 99
SPEAKING TEST PART 2 PRACTICE SHEETS page 100
SPEAKING TEST PART 3 PRACTICE SHEETS pages 101 102
Speaking Test Practice Exercises page 103
Speaking Practice A to I:
Part 1: INTRODUCTION & INTERVIEW page 103
Part 2: LONG TURN page 110
Part 3: TWO-WAY DISCUSSION page 117
ERROR CORRECTION page 120
PRACTICE FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT page 128
Speaking Practice J to R:
PART 1 page 128
PART 2 page 136
PART 3 page 140
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CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOK continued...
THE END OF THE INTERVIEW page 149
NOTES page 150
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THE GENERAL TRAINING IELTS TEST
~ OVERVIEW ~
In the Listening Test, the six main types of questions used are:
multiple choice questions

short-answer questions
matching lists and phrases
labelling diagrams / maps
classifying
completing sentences, tables, flow charts, summaries, etc.
In the Reading Test, the different types of IELTS reading questions include:
multiple choice questions

short-answer questions
choosing from a heading bank
matching lists and phrases
identifying viewpoints, facts and opinions
classifying
completing sentences, tables, flow charts, summaries, etc.
In the Writing Test, Task 1 you may be asked to:
writing a letter that requests information

writing a letter that complains about something
writing a letter that apologises for something
writing a letter that provides information
In addition, you have written essays for Task 2:
argument essays
cause and effect essays
discursive essays
comparison and contrast essays
And, in the Speaking section, the test is divided into three parts:
introduction and interview

long turn
two-way discussion
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LISTENING TEST
PRACTICE
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Class: _______________________ Date: ___________________
Name: _________________________________________________
Comments:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
< 3 >

Sample A
SECTION 1: QUESTIONS 1 10
Questions 1 6
Listen to a student making an appointment with a Student Counsellor.
Complete the Appointment Form below using WORDS OR NUMBERS.
APPOINTMENT FORM
Student Number: X
Course: EXAMPLE: BACHELOR OF EDUCATION
Surname: (1)
Given Names: CASSANDRA X
Date of Birth: (2) / /
Address: (3) 32 Street, Yorktown
Contact Phone
(4)
Number:
INTERVIEW DETAILS:
Day: FRIDAY Time: (5)
Campus: (6) ____________
X: indicates information not supplied
< 4 >
Sample B
SECTION 1: continued...
Questions 7 10
From the information you hear, match the places below with the correct
locations on the map.
< 5 >
Sample C
Questions 11 16
Complete the sentences below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for
each answer.
If you are caught breaking road-rules in the UK, you will lose (11) _____
____________ and may get a (12) ____________. Before getting onto a
roundabout, you must (13) ____________ to traffic that is already on the
roundabout. It is illegal to (14) ____________ on a roundabout. Markings
show which (15) ____________ drivers should be in for a particular exit.
(16) ____________ just before the exit you are going to take.
Sample D
Questions 17 20
Complete the sentences below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A

NUMBER for each answer.
Roundabouts and motorways are both designed to ensure that

(17) ____________.
The speed limit on motorways is (18) ____________ per hour.
When driving on motorways, stay in the (19) ____________ as much as possible.
Learner drivers are (20) ____________ on motorways.
< 6 >
Sample E
Questions 21 25
Choose the correct letter from A C for each answer.
21 Why did Sally miss the tutorial?
A She had car trouble at home.

B Her flatmate missed the bus.
C Her bus was in a car accident.
22 Why does Sally sit with Vince and Martin?
A to catch up on her friends news

B to discuss the tutorial
C to talk about a business lecture
23 The students think the tutorial is
A quite boring.
B important for their exams.
C relevant.
24 The tutorial that Sally missed was to
A introduce different goals for setting up businesses.

B examine the relationship between business structures and functions.
C develop the ideas that were discussed in last weeks tutorial.
25 For next weeks tutorial they should
A prepare a presentation.
B find suitable illustrations of these structures.
C arrange to study together.
< 7 >
Sample F
Questions 26 29
Label the four business structures (Questions 26 29) that are discussed in the
tutorial. The names of the structures (A F) are given to you. You will not use all of
these names.
A Geographical Structure D Functional Structure
B Hierarchy Structure E Matrix Structure
C Strategic Business Unit Structure F Product Structure
26
27
28
< 8 >
29
Sample G
Questions 30 33
Choose TWO letters from A E for each answer.
30 & 31 The reasons for this lecture are to
A prepare students for an Orientation Week.

B encourage students to reference correctly.
C explain the marking system for assignments.
D make students aware of the importance of referencing.
E teach students how to write an assignment.
32 & 33 According to the speaker, students will be required to
A take part in group assignments.

B use the Internet to publish material.
C read a lot of published material.
D identify other peoples ideas in their assignments.
E give presentations on their assignments.
< 9 >
Sample H
Questions 34 40
Complete the notes below on Referencing. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for
each answer.
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READING TEST
PRACTICE
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Class: _______________________ Date: ___________________
Name: _________________________________________________
Comments:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
< 12 >
Sample A PART 1
Sit back, relax and enjoy the beautiful views through the large
panoramic windows as you cruise the blue waters of Charlotte
Bay. Commentary by the Captain provides an insight into the
wildlife and history of this bay. Wheelchair access and disabled
facilities are available on the lower deck.
&UXLVHWKH%D\
Daily Cruises Lunch and Dinner Cruises
Departure Times: Dining on a luncheon or dinner cruise is a

10 a.m. & 3 p.m. daily great way to see the Bay.
(excluding Wednesday 10am) Enjoy a delicious meal, superb views and
great atmosphere.
Prices:
Adults $14.00 Lunch Sundays 12 p.m. - 2.30 p.m.
Children (Under 12) $7.00
Seniors $11.00 Dinner Thursday 7 p.m. - 10 p.m.
Refreshments available on board
Departs from:
MarinerPier(nexttoSouthern0arina)
Bookings are essential
Charlotte Bay Cruises

Phone: (05) 7355 400 Website: www.charlottebaycruises.com
Email: [email protected]
< 13 >
Questions 1 4
Answer the sentences below with words taken from the reading text.
Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1 4 on your Answer Sheet.
1 You want to cruise on Wednesday. What time will your cruise leave?
__________________________________________________
2 How much does it cost for someone who is 14 years old?
__________________________________________________
3 Who will give you information about what you see on the cruise?
__________________________________________________
4 What day can you have an evening cruise?
__________________________________________________
< 14 >
Sample B PART 1 continued
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TREVOR CLOSE GREGAN DRIVE

Location: in beachside suburb Location: close to city centre. Next to
supermarket and Internet caf
Facilities: shared bathroom and kitchen;
all rooms have desk and bookcase Facilities: brand new studio apartment
Free laundry facilities (need to buy own on 3rd floor. Kitchenette; coin operated
washing powder) laundry in basement. (Please note
there is no lift in this block)
Rate: single room: $135.00 per week
Rate: $215.00 per week
Transport: 200m from Express bus stop
and approximately 15 mins from city Transport: bus stop outside
accommodation
TAIT PLACE
Location: Located in Chinatown. Many ALBERTA AVENUE
restaurants located within walking Location: in leafy suburb, surrounded by
distance parks and forests
Facilities: twin-share room; room has Facilities: own room. Breakfast provided
telephone/modem point; shared daily and dinners Mon Fri. Shared
facilities. bathroom. Students may receive
in-coming telephone calls only
Transport: 3 mins walk from Valley train
station. Travel time to city by train is 10 Transport: 5 mins walk from Albany train
mins station 15 minute train trip to city
MERCER ROAD
Location: Central Business District. PRINCE STREET
Residential student complex Location: Older inner city suburb
Facilities: single room. Shared Facilities: one bedroom apartment with

bathroom, laundry and TV room full luxury kitchen and laundry
Rate: $165.00 per week half board Rate: $215.00 per week
(breakfast and dinner Mon Fri)
Transport: 8 mins walk from train station
$185.00 full board (breakfast and dinner
only 5 mins by train to city
daily)
Transport: walking distance to city
< 15 >
Questions 5 9
Look at the following statements (Questions 5 9) and the list of accommodation (A F)

below. Match each statement with the accommodation it describes. Write your answers in
boxes 5 9 on your Answer Sheet.
NOTE: you may use any letter more than once.
ACCOMMODATION
A Trevor Close
B Gregan Drive
C Tait Place
D Alberta Avenue
E Mercer Road
F Prince Street
5 It is the furthest from the city. ________
6 It would be unsuitable for a disabled person. ________
7 It is close to the sea. ________
8 It is only available to students. ________
9 It would be the most suitable for someone who loves to cook. ________
Sample C PART 1 continued
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A New Level of Service
Building on basic transport services, we provide individual service to each of our

customers. Clients will also be able to book cars to meet planes and trains and
avoid queues through our priority valet desks. Gold Service also facilitates
bookings interstate to allow our special service to extend beyond our borders.
Regular customers can enjoy the benefits of using the same driver and other
customer loyalty programs.
Gold Service Fleet
Only those operators and drivers that pass the strictest tests and conditions have
been granted the label Gold Service. All the drivers have extensive local
< 16 >
knowledge coupled with additional training in customer service.
Our late model luxury vehicles provide a comfortable, quiet and safe ride ensuring
that your trip is one of the relaxing parts of the day. We also have vintage cars
available for special occasions. We vigorously enforce standards of cleanliness
and safety.
Pricing
A customer placing a booking with Gold Service will be charged a booking fee.
This fee provides for the luxury vehicle and Gold guarantee. Attractive rates will
also be offered for our out of town trips including trips to the coast or snow. Repeat
bookings will allow you to make appointments with the confidence that comes from
knowing you have a car on call.
Gold Guarantee
Gold Service will guarantee the replacement price of plane, train or bus ticket
where delays in our service have affected our clients travel. This is dependent
upon bookings being made more than 90 minutes in advance and allowing one
hour before intended travel. The overall liability is limited to $500.
Questions 10 13
Complete the summary below using words from the box. Write your answers
in boxes 10 13 on your Answer Sheet.
brand new large common cost-effective old
expensive fast frequent early safe
Gold Service Taxis
Gold Service Taxis offers an improved service and, additionally, special
customer loyalty privileges for (10) _______________ users of the
service. Gold Service only uses the most outstanding drivers. The car
fleet even includes some (11) _______________ cars which are ideal
for weddings. Using the Gold Service is more (12) _______________
than ordinary taxis. They promise to reimburse you if you miss a flight
as long as the taxi is booked (13) _______________ enough.
< 17 >
Sample D PART 2
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The new workplace safety laws are detailed and technical and many small business
operators are having a lot of trouble understanding exactly what their responsibilities
are to their workers in terms of health and safety issues. This is why the WorkSafe
Program has been created. Under this new initiative, any employer operating in
Victoria, with up to 50 full time workers can apply online for assistance by registering
for a free 3 hour session with an independent health and safety consultant.
The safety consultant is forwarded the request for assistance within 2 days of the
employer making the application. WorkSafe requires the safety consultant to arrange
an appointment and view the workplace within 30 days of receiving the request.
Where the employer cannot make an appointment within 30 days, the consultant can
arrange to meet with the employer after this time. However, all requests for assistance
need to be finalised this includes the final recommendation within 3 months of the
request for assistance.
When the safety consultant arrives at the business, he will want to find out about the
type of product being made or service being delivered, and how its made or
delivered. After gaining this background information, he will take a look around the
workplace to identify any safety issues that may not have been addressed. Once he
has taken in all of this, he will consult with the employees and talk to the employer
generally about any documentation that may be needed.
The safety consultant will complete the assistance process by sending the employer
his recommendations in a detailed report incorporating a Safety Action Plan. This plan
provides a list of the issues the safety consultant has raised in the report, and advice
on how to go about minimising any identified risks. The risks are ordered in terms of
High, Medium, and Low priority, all of which are required to be addressed within a
specified timeframe.
Free assistance is only available once. As the program is based on an employer,

not a workplace, employers with more than 50 employees across all workplaces are
not eligible for this assistance.
An employer may engage the services of the safety consultant after having the initial
3 hours of assistance paid through WorkSafe Victoria safety program. It will be up
to the employer and safety consultant to agree about any costs involved in this
arrangement.
< 18 >
Source: WorkSafe Victoria website:

http://www.workcover.vic.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/WorkSafe/Home/
Safety+and+Prevention/Small+Business/Free+safety+consultation+session/
Questions 14 20
Do the following statements (Questions 14 20) agree with the information in the
reading passage?
Write: TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
14 The new safety laws inform workers about how to stay safe at work.
15 Applications should be made through the Workplace Safety website.
16 The safety consultant must finish providing workplace assistance within 3 months.
17 The safety consultant learns about each workplace before offering advice.
18 Low priority safety issues in the Action Plan do not require immediate action.
19 Any workplace with fewer than 50 workers can receive help under the WorkSafe
Program.
20 Once the employer has received help under the program, he has to pay for any
additional assistance.
< 19 >
Sample E PART 2 continued
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The company corporate clothing has two components corporate uniform and
corporate wardrobe:
Corporate Uniform this uniform is mandatory for certain categories of staff working
in customer facing roles and is provided by the company. It consists of office wear
and, where there is a requirement, operational safety clothing and footwear. In
addition all staff members who deal directly with customers should wear a company
badge with their name on. Staff are expected to wear the correct uniform at all times,
unless told otherwise by a supervisor.
Corporate uniforms are issued to staff for their own use and should remain the
property of the individual staff members. Uniforms must not be loaned out without the
approval of a supervisor.
Corporate Wardrobe An optional corporate wardrobe is available for purchase by all

other company staff. The wardrobe is a specific range of work wear and meets
industry guidelines. The wardrobe is extensive, although the basic requirement is one
top and one bottom (pants/skirt), plus belt and tie for men. Different coloured clothing
may not be intermixed with the wardrobe.
Both the corporate uniform and corporate wardrobe should remain clean and tidy at
all times. This means that clothing should be washed and ironed regularly and is neat
in appearance. Staff with corporate uniforms are also provided with free laundry.
The corporate uniform should not be intermixed with the corporate wardrobe. There
are differences between the two with the tie and scarf being the most obvious.
The corporate uniform will be replaced by the company on a fair wear and tear basis.
The only footwear that is provided is special safety shoes. Other shoes should be
purchased by the staff member, although any staff member who is required to wear
the corporate uniform can apply for a shoe, sock and stocking allowance.
To order either the corporate uniform or the wardrobe, you can purchase online using
the secure ordering system. You will need to advise the sizes required. If you are not
sure of your size, you can check the fittings guide, which is available to download from
the intranet. Turnaround time for orders is usually about one working week.
< 20 >
Questions 21 26
Classify the features as belonging to:
A corporate uniform
B corporate wardrobe
C both corporate uniform and corporate wardrobe
21 The company pays for the item of clothing.
22 The item of clothing can be ordered on the computer.
23 The staff member is given some money to pay for footwear.
24 Staff have the choice of wearing the corporate clothing.
25 The staff member does not have to pay to wash the corporate clothing.
26 The items of corporate clothing include a choice of neckwear.
< 21 >
Sample F
The World of Robotics
1. Robots are everywhere
Look around you and you will see that robots are everywhere. They are involved
in such diverse industries as the building and construction industry and the car
industry. You can see them performing such wide ranging functions as sorting
mail and baking cakes! Their potential is limitless. A great deal of work has been
5 done recently in researching the effects of robotics in general, but the most
interesting research has been involved in investigating the role of robotics
software in industry today.
2. Robotics in the car industry
Robotics has traditionally played an integral role in certain industry sectors. Take
the car industry, in error for example in the past, the creation of software has
10 hastened the development of robot technology. For many years now, software
has been utilised to overcome difficulties occurring on the factory floor in a shorter
amount of time these difficulties may have been caused by human error or
faulty parts. The difficulty can be isolated and the robot can be replaced or
repaired in about 30 minutes, where a human might need a replacement tool that
15 could take hours to find. Software also allows a plant manager to check the
operations of any robot anywhere within the factory system. This has important
implications for efficiency in production and helps to avoid bottlenecks on the
assembly line. By using advanced software, an automaker is now even able to
produce more than one type of car or truck at the one plant. For example, Plant A
20 makes trucks and Plant B makes cars, but programming the software to tell the
robot to do a different set of tasks could lead to Plant A making cars and trucks.
< 22 >
3. Some commercial implications
Research has indicated that significant breakthroughs in computer software
design have led to record sales, which has, in turn, transferred to an increasing
robot presence within factories. Because of this increase, costs decrease and
25 robots become a more affordable alternative to human labour, which then goes
on to create an increase in industry demand. Workers are justifiably concerned
about the increasing ability of robots to perform jobs and functions that were
previously the sole domain of the human workforce. However, experience
indicates that this is not an entirely accurate assessment of the current situation.
30 When investigated more fully, it becomes apparent that there is only a reduction
in the number of unsuitable jobs being performed by humans on the factory floor.
4. New developments
New developments in computer technology have made it possible to ensure that
robots are able to perform the kinds of tasks that humans find dangerous and
difficult to do. For example, a company might be in receipt of a very large
35 consignment lets say its a dozen high performance engines. This kind of load
could measure as much as one tonne, which would mean that a human would
need considerable help to carry it. Robots can be programmed to do the task of
moving these types of objects. The robot-developing companies now include a
software black box called Realistic Robot Simulation. Not all materials that arrive
40 at a plant weigh the same or even come in the same sized boxes but this
software program is written for robots with reconfigure ability that allows them to
pick up and move objects of different shapes and sizes, which is a real advance
on previous robot models. In addition to this, the robots can be programmed to
take into account such abstract matters as gravity, bounce and colour. In the past,
45 this has been technically and physically very difficult to achieve. All of this
ensures that there is less, if any damage to this precious cargo.
< 23 >
Another example can be seen by looking at the production line on the factory
floor. Robots are routinely being used to apply adhesive to car parts at high
temperatures humans would not be able to tolerate such exposure. Therefore,
50 by using robots in this way, humans find themselves in a much safer workplace
and also, the companys exposure to injury claims is not as great, leading to lower
insurance premiums. It becomes a win-win situation!
In conclusion, there is no doubt that it will be computer software design that
forges the way ahead in the fascinating and lucrative new field of robotics in
55 industry.
Now look carefully at the first set of questions:
Questions 27 29
Choose THREE letters A F. Write your answers in boxes 27 29 on your Answer

Sheet.
In the car industry, specially designed computer programs have been used for a long
time to do THREE things:
A develop more complex products
B make multiple models at the same plant
C monitor all robots in the factory
D check on workers in the factory
E produce vehicles without human labour
F solve problems more quickly.
< 24 >
Sample G
Questions 30 32
Complete the flow chart below. Write your answers in boxes 30 32

on your Answer Sheet.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Advances in The Effects of Robots in Industry

computer
programs
Increase in
(30) _________
More robots
in factories
Reduction
in
(31)
_________
Greater
industry
demand
Decrease in
(32) _________
< 25 >
Sample H
Questions 33 40
Complete the table below. Write your answers in boxes 33 40 on your Answer Sheet.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Robots can now be programmed to perform (33) _______________ tasks.
Example 1
Company takes delivery of twelve (34) _______________
Realistic Robot Simulation allows robot to:
transport materials of varying (35) _______________
consider (36) _______________ factors e.g. gravity
Result: reduced risk of (37) _______________
Example 2
Robots can work with substances at (38) _______________
Result: (39) _______________ environment
fewer (40) _______________
< 26 >
WRITING TEST
PRACTICE
< 27 >

WRITING TASK 1 PRACTICE
IELTS Writing Task 1
Write under examination conditions. (No dictionary. 20 minutes only.)
PLAN:
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Write your answer on the next two pages.
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Academic Module
1 2
IELTS WRITING TEST 3 4 ANSWER SHEET
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IELTS Writing Task 2
PLAN:
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1 2
IELTS WRITING TEST 3 4 ANSWER SHEET
TASK 2 Name: ............................................................
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< 3 >
THE LETTER OF REQUEST
Look carefully at the task below:
Writing Task 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
You want to go camping for a week with a friend.
Write a letter to the campsite manager. In your letter
give details of when you would like to go

find out about the cost
ask them to send you some information about the campsite.
Write at least 150 words.
You do NOT need to write any addresses.
Begin your letter as follows:
Student Activity 1
Before we begin to analyse this question, set aside 30 minutes to write your own answer
to this Writing Task 1 question.
As you know, the time you should spend completing the task in the actual test is 20
minutes, but allow yourself a little longer when you first practise.
When you have completed this task, check and compare your answer with the Model
Answer on page 144 of the Study Guide.
Write your answer on the next page...
< 34 >
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< 35 >
Student Activity 2
Read Writing Task 1 below.
A badly planned and poorly written Sample Answer has been provi ded for this task. Use
the information in the letter and the comments below to create a better version.
Writing Task 1
You would like to go for a holiday to Southside, which is a popular resort town
near the beach. You have seen an advertisement for holiday resort
accommodation and would like to find out more.
Write a letter to the holiday resort. In your letter
ask about vacancies for a family of five in July

enquire whether it is necessary to book
find out about facilities and the location of the resort.
SAMPLE ANSWER PRACTICE TEST 1
Hi, my name is Tim Johnson and my family and I would really like to come and stay
at your resort because I saw it adverti sed in a brochure and it looked pretty good
and so I thought maybe I should find out if you have an y vacancies or if you are
always really busy or something. We will need accommodation for two weeks in
July this year. Do you have a swimming pool and a spa because my children really
like to swim and play in the water. Is it necessary to book or can we just come and
see you and get accommodation when we arrive? I am not sure about this, so can
you please let me know? What kinds of facilities do you have? Do you have sel f
contained rooms? Do you have cafes and restaurants? Do you have tennis courts?
I hope so! C an you tell me about any other facilities you have? Your place looks
really nice and new how old is the resort, we dont like staying at old places. Are
you close to the beach or do we have to drive there? If you are close to the beach,
< 36 >
how long does it take to get there? Is it a beach we can swim in or is it a dangerous
beach? There are five of us my wife and thre e children under 10. Do you think
my children will have enough to do at your resort without getting too bored?
I cant wait to hear from you with all of the information write soon.
Fond regards
7LP-RKQVRQ
(265 words)
Do you agree with our comments below?
COMMENTS:
The letter above contains a lot of information but it is written and

set out in a confused way:
The sentences are too long and contain too many ideas. In fact,
265 words is too many*.
There is no structure to the letter requests for information are

mixed up with the information provided by the writer.
The letter is difficult to read because all the information is

gathered together in one giant paragraph.
There is a lot of repetition.
The style of the letter is too informal.
The close is too informal this type of close is reserved for friends
and family, not someone you have never met.
The writer would be heavily penalised in the examination for these

types of errors.
WKHUHLVQRSHQDOW\IRUZULWLQJWKLVQXPEHURIZRUGVEXW\RXZLOO
DOPRVWFHUWDLQO\OHDYH\RXUVHOIVKRUWRIWLPHIRU7DVNLI\RXGR
< 37 >
Using the comments we have given to help you, write the letter again. You have 20
minutes to complete this activity.
When you have completed this task, check and compare your answer with the improved
Sample Answer on page 155 of the Study Guide.
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< 38 >
Student Activity 3
Use the planning process to write an answer to the following Task 1 question.
Writing Task 1
You are having difficulty understanding one of the subjects you are studying for
a Diploma of Business and are not sure how to do the assignment on the subject.
Write a letter to your college lecturer. In your letter
tell him how you feel

explain that you cannot hand in your assignment
ask for an appointment to discuss the issues.

When you have completed this task, check and compare yo ur answer with the Sample
Write your answer below:
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< 40 >
THE LETTER OF COMPLAINT
Student Activity 4A
Restructure this sample letter of complaint so that it makes sense.
When you have completed this task, check and compare your answer with the answer on
page 170 of the Study Guide.
Yours faithfully,
Dear Mr. Sanchez,
When we arrived at your establishment at the arranged time, we were told quite
rudely, I should add that we would have to wait in the bar area because our table
was not ready.
We were told rudely again that we would just have to wait because we are very
busy.
26th May
I do not usually write letters of complaint, but our treatment at your restaurant made
my husband and I so upset, that I am writing now to demand an apology from you.
Re: A very unsatisfactory dining experience
If I do not receive an apology from you within the next week, I will be forced to write
to the local newspaper and tell them about your gross lack of manners and arrogant
attitude to your customers despite your supposedly excellent reputation as a
magnanimous restaurateur.
Janine Steadfast
My husband and I had reservations to have dinner at your restaurant last Friday
(23rd May). Because your restaurant is very popular and has an excellent
reputation for fine food, we made our reservation over three weeks ago.
We waited a further ten minutes and then decided to leave. We were very unhappy.
After we had been waiting for over half an hour in the bar, I caught the eye of the
waitress and asked what was happening with our table.
Needless to say, we were very much looking forward to our dining experience.
However, things did not turn out to be as we had expected!
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< 41 >
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< 42 >
Student Activity 4B
Read the Task 1 question below.
Writing Task 1
You have just returned from a holiday in Melbourne and you are very
unhappy about the accommodation you stayed in. Your room was
noisy and the standard of service and facilities were poor.
Write a letter to the owner of the hotel. In your letter
explain your feelings

describe your complaint
say what action you want taken.
Use the following table to brainstorm useful vocabulary that can be included in the letter.
Brainstorming:
Possible types of accommodation Standard of accommodation
< 43 >
Examples of noise problems Your feelings
Now use some of the vocabulary you have written to develop and write your letter.
When you have completed this task, check and compare your answer with the Sample
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< 45 >
THE LETTER OF $32/2*<
Student Activity 5
Read this Task 1 question. Then organise the vo cabulary provided below into the four
given sections (next page) and use it to write your answer.
Writing Task 1
In your ironing business, you and your employee iron clothing for a variety of
customers. Yesterday, your employee ironed clothing for one customer but
packaged and sent it to another customer, by mistake.
Write a letter to the customer to whom the clothing was mistakenly sent.
In your letter
identify the clothing

explain the problem
apologise for the inconvenience this has caused.
Key words from the task:
ironing business, employee, packaged and sent, clothing, customer by

mistake
< 46 >
Suggested brainstormed vocabulary:
as soon as shirts not conscientious blouses

possible jackets skirts blue
deliver free of green yellow patterned
charge striped contact other terrible
red woolly customer mistake
spotty young inexperienced feel bad
beaded similar not paying doesnt
inefficient addresses attention care
slow trousers gown dress
suits never happen pants similar
upset again unfortunate names
concerned
Place the words in the appropriate locations in the table:
Clothing described How mistake Feelings How to fix mistake

occurred
Now use the vocabulary above to develop and write this letter on the next page.
Answer on page 184.
< 47 > 182

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< 48 >
Student Activity 6
Read Writing Task 1 below. A badly planned and poorly written Sample Answer has been
provided (Version 1).
Writing Task 1
You are the manager of The Leederville Bakery. You agreed to bake and decorate
a birthday cake for a customers sons 21st birthday party. Unfortunately, you will
not be able to bake the cake because you have to go into hospital when the
cake is due to be made.
Write a letter to the customer. In your letter

explain the problem you have with the order
apologise
suggest an alternative baker the customer may be able to use.
Dear .......... ,
SAMPLE ANSWER LETTER OF APOLOGY VERSION 1
The Leederville Bakery
16th August
Dear Mrs. Johnston,
Re: 21st birthday cake order for 1st September that I cannot fill because I am unable
to be in the bakery at that time and so you had better find another baker.
Unfortunately I wont be able to bake the 21st birthday cake th at you asked me to
make for your sons 21st birthday p arty. I know that it is late n otice but I h ave only
just found out today that I will have t o be in hospital for an operation. It is quite a
serious operation and I will need to be in hospital for a couple of days and then I will
have to stay in bed at home to recuperate. My family and I are all very worried about
this operation and we hope that it will all be OK, but you never know. I am pretty
< 49 >
scared about it, but anyway, back to the 21st birthday cake I will try to recommend
a different baker to you. His name is R oger Manfred and he is ver y good not as
good as me, of course (ha ha) but he will do a good job I think.
Sorry about this, Mrs. Johnston, but I just cant do anything about it!
See you later and wish me luck!
Fond regards,
Frederick Bannister
(223 words)
Think critically about the problems in the letter above before reading our comments on
page 186 of the Study Guide.
Now, using the information in the letter and the comments above, rewrite the answer to
this task to create a better version.
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< 51 >
THE LETTER 3529,',1*,1)250$7,21
Student Activity 7
Look at the following Task 1 question:
Writing Task 1
Your former homestay family is coming to see you in your own country
from January 31st to February 10th.
Write them a letter. In your letter
make plans to meet them at a convenient location

specify a time and date
suggest some activities you may all participate in during their
visit.
Dear .......... ,
Now look at the three versions of Sample Answers given on pages 199 and 200 of the Study
Guide. One of the letters is much more effective at achieving the task.
Look at the letters and consider:
the structure and the length of the answer

the tone and appropriateness of the opening and closing lines
how easy it is to follow and understand
if there is too much repetition (of vocabulary and/or sentence structure)
if they actually complete the task remember that the actual instruction requires
the candidate to do three things.
< 52 >
First, write your own comments below. Then check your comments with ours on pages
199 and 200 of the Study Guide.
YOUR COMMENTS:
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Did you make similar comments about the Sample Answers?
< 53 >
Student Activity 8
Now use our comments and your own ideas to write a good answer to ONE of the two
information tasks we have studied.
Here are both tasks again:
Writing Task 1
A friends son is starting to learn English as a Second Language. Your friend has
asked you to offer some advice to his son about studying a foreign language.
Write a letter to your friends son. In your letter
make some suggestions based on your own experiences of

learning a second language
offer advice about how to get the most out of studying another
language
mention some of the benefits and difficulties involved.

Dear .......... ,
OR
Your former homestay family is coming to see you in your own country
from January 31st to February 10th.
Write them a letter. In your letter
make plans to meet them at a convenient location

specify a time and date
suggest some activities you may all participate in during their
visit.
< 54 >
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< 55 >
GENERAL TRAINING MODULE ESSAYS
Student Activity 9
Turn these four tasks into questions:
1. After completing their schooling, all young people should take one year away from
study to experience life.
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2. Employers should consider job experience to be more significant than tertiary

qualifications.
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3. Good manners are no longer considered to be an important part of life.
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4. Eating healthy food is the most important factor in achieving good health.
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Check your answers with those on page 212 of the Study Guide.
ARGUMENT ESSAYS
Student Activity 10
Give examples to support the following opinions:
Opinion: 1. Too much junk food is creating a generation of fat and unhealthy people.
Example: .................................................................................................................
< 56 >
Opinion: 2. Despite preventative moves by organisations and governments around

the world, pollution continues to increase.
Example :
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Opinion: 3. Material things are becoming more and more important to the youth of
today.
Example :
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Opinion: 4. Having a hobby that you enjoy is a good way to stay young and keep
your mind active.
Example :
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Share your ideas with your partner before showing them to your tutor.
Student Activity 11
Offer facts to support the following opinions:
Opinion: 1. Global warming has caused enormous problems with weather conditions
throughout the world.
Fact:
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Opinion: 2. The paper manufacturing industry is the cause of huge environmental

problems due to high levels of toxic emissions.
Fact:
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Opinion: 3. More and more people are deciding that they do not want to have
children.
Fact:
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Opinion: 4. According to a recent survey, children are becoming more overweight,

less active and less healthy.
Fact:
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Share your ideas with your partner before showing them to your tutor.
< 57 >
Student Activity 12
Brainstorm ideas to support the topic sentences below by using examples and/or facts:
1. Children who are skilled at computer games tend to do better at school.

2. Students who have completed their schooling would benefit from taking a
years holiday before making any decisions about their future.
3. Vegetarians tend to be more health-conscious than meat eaters.
4. Teachers need to remember that they represent powerful role models for
their students.
5. Children placed in childcare as babies, grow up to suffer significant
psychological problems when they are older.
6. Society should value age and experience over youth and beauty.
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< 58 >
Student Activity 13
Another example of this kind of structure is the Task 2 question from Practice Test 2 of
404 Essential Tests for IELTS:
Writing Task 2
Write about the following topic:
People often believe that great musicians are born and not made.
Do you agree that we are born with much of our ability, or are there
other factors, such as family and environment, that determine
success?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your
own knowledge or experience.
An analysis of the task in terms of question, topic, purpose and audience, should be
doneVHHSDJHVDQGRIWKH6WXG\*XLGH.
Now look at the incomplete Model Answer below.
Complete the introduction.
Topic sentences have been written for the remaining paragraphs. Complete those
paragraphs by writing sentences that support those statements.
Finally, complete the conclusion by restating the main idea in the introduction and
summarising the body.
PRACTICE WRITING TASK 2
Are great musicians, artists, writers and athletes born or made? This question has been of
interest to philosophers and scientists for centuries. In this essay, I intend to...
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< 59 >
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Firstly, research shows that identical twins who have been separated at birth, often tend to
have the same mannerisms and talents.
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230
Secondly, another indication that talented people are born rather than made becomes
obvious when one looks at the family of the gifted person.
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Finally, research has shown that even if people with average musical talents are given
special tutoring in music and are placed in elite institutions, they still cannot compete with
the innate talents of truly great musicians.
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Therefore, it is very clear that ..............................................................................................
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< 60 >
When comparing your answer with the Model Answer on page 232 of the Study Guide,
ask yourself:
Have I managed to stay on task?

Have my ideas supported the topic sentences properly?
Have I used a wide range of appropriate vocabulary?
Is my grammar accurate?
Student Activity 14
Look at the Writing Task 2 question on page 233 of the Study Guide.
Go through the planning process and write your answer.
Answer on page 235.
PLAN:
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NUMBER OF WORDS WRITTEN?
As you know, there are minimum numbers of words you must write for the two IELTS
writing tasks.
Do you know how many words you usually write on a single line? 10? 12? More?
If you know this, you can quickly estimate how many words you have written.
Simply count the number the number of lines you have written...and multiply.
In the exam, you shouldnt actually have to do this, but it is useful for practice. If you have
written a good introduction and at least three body paragraphs of sufficient length you
will be able to see if you have written enough words without the need to count.
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< 63 >
Student Activity 15
Look at the Writing Task 2 question on page 236 of the Study Guide which is taken
from Practice Test 1 of 404 Essential Tests for IELTS:
Step 1 ANALYSE the task
Analyse the task in terms of the following:
question
topic
purpose
audience
I. Question:
In this case, the task is written in question form already:
There is no need to change anything.
II. Topic: What is the topic?
the key words in the background statements are:
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the key words in the actual questions are:
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III. Purpose:
Candidates are asked to:
1. form an opinion about: ..................................................................................................................................................
2. think of ways that young people can: ...............................................................................................................
IV. Audience:
Use a formal or LQIRUPDO style of writing? ..........................................................................................................
< 64 >
Step 2 PLAN the answer
Stage I: Brainstorming
Brainstorming a list of related words and phrases:
Join up some of the words that make suitable connections.
Stage II: Making a Framework
Refer to page 239 of the Study Guide.
< 65 >
Step 3 WRITE the answer
Look at our Model Answer (using the framework) on pages 240 to 241 of the Study Guide.
Copy the Model Answer to the space below. Think about the framework design and
examine the sentence structures as you write.
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COMPARING YOUR ANSWER WITH THE SAMPLE OR MODEL ANSWERS
Take time to read the Sample or Model Answers more than once.
Analyse the structure.
Note the ideas.
Notice how the sentences express those ideas.
Although your sentences will not be perfect, give yourself credit if your sentences come
close to expressing the same or similar ideas in an English way.
Make notes when you can see how a similar idea to yours can be more clearly expressed.
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< 67 >
Student Activity 16
Now try to use the same framework to write a different answer.
This time, disagree with the statement that action movies lead to an increase in car
accidents among young people.
Put this opinion into the introduction.
Then begin the body in the following way:
Despite the fact that action movies with car chases do not lead to an increase in car
accidents and dangerous driving, it is very important to encourage safe driving practices in
this age group.
Remember to brainstorm new vocabulary and try to think of new suggestions for
encouraging young people to drive safely before you start writing your answer.
Answer on the next page.
Give yourself 30 minutes to write your answer below.
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< 69 >
CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYS
Student Activity 17
It is important to be a ble to distinguish bet ween cause and effect. Look carefully at the
simple examples in the tables given on pages 252 and 253 of the Study Guide take note
of the causes and of the effects. Finally, try writing your own simple sentences for each
of the structures in the table.
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Certain vocabulary is well suited to this style of writingIRUDFDXVHDQGHIIHFWHVVD\, for

example:
therefore to result in to bring about owing to to be caused by
so to cause because of as a result of consequently
thus to lead to because due to to be the result of
hence as a result since (sth.) results from to be the effect of
Read the Sample Answer on page RIWKH6WXG\*XLGH locate this special vocabulary
andnote how it is used.
< 71 >
Student Activity 18
Here is our Sample Answer to the Task 2 question on page 244 of the Study Guide, but
the special vocabulary has been removed. Without looking back at the original Sample
Answer, put the special vocabulary back into the essay.
Check your answers with the complete answer on page 251.
SAMPLE ANSWER CAUSE AND EFFECT
Clinical depression reached epidemic proportions in adult males in the Western world
in the nineties. This alarming trend is ____________________ a number of important
factors which I will discuss.
Firstly, life has become progressively more hectic and stressful for everyone. Work
pressures burden many men who are working increasingly long hours. Technology has
increased the pace of the workplace and ____________________ many men are
finding it hard to keep up. In addition to this, men are becoming confused by their role
in life. In some cases, they are no longer the main breadwinner in their family, and
____________________ , they can feel threatened.
Secondly, a man who has a family history of depression has a much higher than
average chance of contracting this disease. ____________________ , research is
currently being done into finding out why some families have a higher incidence of
depression and why males in particular are suffering in larger numbers.
Finally, many men have very poor diets and do not exercise properly. During their
leisure time, they tend to sit and watch television or play computer games.
____________________ , less activity contributes to an unfit body which in turn
contributes to depression.
____________________ these factors, many men turn to alcohol and drugs as a

means of controlling their debilitating depression. Also, the financial cost of dealing
with depression-related illnesses and disease is causing increased strain on the health
resources of many Western nations.
In conclusion, there are many reasons for the increasing number of men suffering from
clinical depression. Afflicted men should be encouraged to seek medical help seeing
a psychiatrist or getting counselling is very helpful. Also, they need to be more active
and eat a healthier diet.
< 72 >
Student Activity 19
Look at the Cause & Effect Task 2 question on page 255 of the Study Guide and examine
the answer written by a candidate who did not take the time to plan properly.
The grammar errors have been corrected.
As you read the answer, consider:
the structure of the answer

whether or not the ideas flow
the ideas and vocabulary used
the strength of the points made by the candidate
the register used in the writing style.
POOR ANSWER PRACTICE TASK 2 CAUSE AND EFFECT
Lots of girls smoke because they think its cool. All of their friends are doing it and
so they feel the pressure to conform because peer group pressure is very
important during the teenage years. Also advertising seems to target young
people girls in particular making it look cool to smoke. All the girls who are
smoking in the ads look slim and beautiful and young girls all over the world want
to look like that. I think a lot of young girls smoke because it helps to keep them
slim when they smoke, they are not eating. This is very unhealthy, however, and
is a very bad effect of smoking!
The problem with smoking is that it causes illness in particular, serious illnesses
like lung cancer. I dont think young girls want to think about that, though. This
should be advertised more often. If you smoke, you get more wrinkles, so this is
what happens to young girls who smoke they get more wrinkles. This may be a
way of getting them to stop smoking, actually. If they knew that they got more
wrinkles and looked older, they would not smoke anymore, so this would be one
solution. Another solution is to stop advertising of any kind concerning smoking
no billboards, no TV or radio ads. Also shopkeepers should be fined if they sell
cigarettes to underage young people. Many shopkeepers only want to get money
and they do not care about childrens health.
(245 words)
Refer to our analysis of the answers on page 256 of the Study Guide.
All of these structural errors could have been avoided through better planning.
Now develop and use the ideas in the original sample above to create a proper plan.
< 73 >
PLAN:
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Now write your answer below:
When you have completed this task, check and compare your answer with the improved
Sample Answer on SDJHRIWKH6WXG\*XLGH.
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< 75 > 258

Student Activity 20
Plan and write an answer to the Task 2 question on page 260 of the Study Guide.
PLAN:
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Now look at the Writing Task 2 question below which is taken from Practice Test 4 of 404
Essential Tests for IELTS:
Writing Task 2
Write about the following topic:
The difference between the rich and poor in the world seems to be getting larger.
What do you think are the causes of this? What, in your opinion, should be done
to stop this from happening?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.
This task asks the candidate to write about causes and solutions. There is no mention of
effects. The structure of this answer will, then, be slightly different to the cause and effect
style of answer we have discussed in this section of the Study Guide.
Before looking at this slightly different structure, review the planning process.
< 78 >
Student Activity 21
Stage II: Making a Framework
Refer to the Writing Task 2 question on page 263 of the Study Guide.
Sort the brainstormed vocabulary into the columns of the table on the next page.
Try to identify arguments and points that could be placed into the answer and then think of
more vocabulary that is related to the task this will help you to isolate causes and
solutions more easily.
6XJJHVWHGEUDLQVWRUPHGYRFDEXODU\
little education need better education can learn, get

qualifications, help own country, better
limited money for economy
little health care access need access to jobs and opportunities
work hard, enjoy better life
need to be more dynamic
need better health care disease,
technological advances worldwide
illness, deaths, cant work if sick
cannot (difficult to) compete need better standard of living helps
lagging behind rest of world with health issues and mental health
need help to survive basic human right
improve happy
alarming better
basic easy
lack of fruitful
should have better health (physical/mental) comfortable
deserve a better life esp. children stable
healthy secure
wealthy dangerous
prosperous
productive
The last column is for the vocabulary that does not neatly fit into the Cause and Solution
columns. Try to think of a KHDGLQJ for this final list.
< 79 >
Causes Solutions
Check your work with our answers on page 268 of the Study Guide.
< 80 >
Student Activity 22
PLAN:
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< 82 >
ADVANTAGE / DISADVANTAGE ESSAYS
Student Activity 2
Look at the following Task 2 questions and identify the exact purpose of each task:
A. Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofyoungchildreneatinga
vegetarian diet.
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B. Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesof getting married ataveryyoung

age.
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C. Discusstheadvantages and disadvantagesof givingupawell-paidjobfora

poorly paid job that you love.
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Check your answers with those on page 278 of the Study Guide.
< 83 >
Student Activity 24
Write sentences or paragraphs using the following linking words:
on the one hand on the other hand however

even though notwithstanding yet
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< 84 >
Student Activity 25
Look at the sample Advantage/Disadvantage Writing Task 2 answer below and identify
the following partsDQVZHUVRQSDJHRIWKH6WXG\*XLGH:
the introduction
the body
the conclusion
the topic sentence for each paragraph
the supporting sentences for each topic sentence.
The topic is:
Immigration has turned Australia into DPXOWLFXOWXUDOVRFLHW\

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages oIWKLVFKDQJH
SAMPLE ANSWER DISCURSIVE WRITING TASK 2
In the last fifty years, immigration has turned Australia into a multicultural society.
Different cultures have helped to make Australia richer and more interesting, but on the
other hand this has also created some problems. In this essay, I intend to discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of this change in Australian society.
Firstly, one advantage of living in a multicultural society is that Australians have been
introduced to a wide variety of international foods. In any city in Australia, people can
enjoy food from a long list of different countries, and the average Australian family now
includes such dishes as pizza, fried rice and sushi on its daily menu.
In addition to this, the influx of people from countries around the world has meant that
the majority of Australians have become more tolerant of different cultures, religions
and languages. Through immigration, Australia has been able to develop a more global
perspective and find its place in the world today. Australian English is becoming more
dynamic, and international words and phrases are now part of Australian speech.
However, with change also comes problems. One of the disadvantages of immigration
has been that some Australians feel that it has caused them to lose part of their own
cultural identity. People who feel like this tend to feel threatened, not enriched, by the
diversity that multiculturalism brings.
Another disadvantage is that in some situations, along with multiculturalism comes

racism from within the ranks of native Australians and other migrant communities.
Negative feelings such as these cause resentment and hostility and can lead to
aggressive behaviour and related problems.
Notwithstanding the disadvantages, I believe that every Australian cannot help but feel
enriched by the influences of other cultures. Immigration has enhanced an already
fascinating country and serves to make it even more special.
(299 Zords)
< 85 >
Student Activity 26
Think of four advantages and four disadvantages for each of the following Task 2 topics:
gambling having cosmetic surgery
crash diets being wealthy
computers owning a pet
being bilingual growing old
living in the country large families
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< 86 >
Student Activity 27
Try to use the following linking words in your answer:
on the one hand on the other hand however
even though notwithstanding yet
PLAN:
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Answer on page 289.
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ANALYSING YOUR TASK 2 ANSWERS
On completion of all your Task 2 essays, critically ask yourself these questions:
Are my opinions presented in a logical, clear way?
Are my opinions justified and exemplified appropriately?
Are both sides of the argument presented?
Are both sides of the argument evaluated?
Does the spelling and punctuation hinder understanding of the essay?
Is the register (or style of writing) and the content appropriate for the task?
Does the grammar and sentence structure used show variety and maturity?
Has the task been fulfilled? Did I answer the question and complete the task?
Is the length appropriate? Did I write at least 250 words?
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< 89 >
COMPARISON & CONTRAST ESSAYS
Student Activity 28
Review the Task 2 Planning Process before you begin writing:
Step 1:
What is the question?

What are the key words?
What is the purpose?
Who is your audience?
What will your writing style be?
Step 2:
Brainstorm vocabulary.
Choose three or four features of each lifestyle to discuss.
Pin vocabulary to those features.
Decide on the order you will use to discuss those features.
PLAN:
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< 90 >
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Step 3:
Begin writing remember to include linking words.
(Dont forget to use at least six of the words and phrases in the table on page 297.)
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Student Activity 29
PLAN:
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PROFESSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF YOUR TASK 1 AND TASK 2 ANSWERS
Your tutor can assess your work, and give you good feedback and advice, but remember
it takes a lot of time for another person even a professional teacher to help you.
Always check your work first before you show it to your tutor.
Dont waste your tutors time (and your own!) by failing to proofread your work.
Check style, grammar, spelling, punctuation and ensure that your answer is
logical and easy to follow.
Pay particular attention to your punctuation. The rules are not hard to learn. You
can easily see how good English is punctuated by examining published books.
If you do make changes to your answer, make them neatly by drawing a line
through a word (or phrase) and rewriting it.
When you receive your essay corrections, analyse your errors carefully. Next time you
submit your work, try to make sure at least the simple errors you made before have been
avoided.
Finally, if you have access to a professional essay correction service, consider purchasing
further corrections from another source. One teacher can only give you what they know,
and no-one can give you everything.
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< 95 >
SPEAKING TEST
PRACTICE
< 96 >
SPEAKING TEST PART 1 PRACTICE
PART 1
EXAMINER: Good morning. My names [examiners name]. And your name is...?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
EXAMINER: And youre from...?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
EXAMINER: Can I see your passport please? Thank you.
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YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: . ?
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EXAMINER: . ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 98 >
EXAMINER: . ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: . ?
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EXAMINER: . ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Thank you.
< 99 >
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You should say:
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PLAN (one minute only):
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< 100 >

PART 3
EXAMINER: Now Id like to ask you a few more questions.
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YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: .. ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: . ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: . ?
< 101 >

YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: . ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: . ?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Thank you very much. Thats the end of the Speaking Test. Goodbye.
< 102 >

SPEAKING TEST PART 1 PRACTICE:

INTRODUCTION & INTERVIEW
Compare Pietro's two attempts at Part 1 of the Speaking test on pages 316-320 of the
Study Guide.
NOTES:
PART 1 (first attempt) ...........................................................................................................................................................................
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PART 1 (second attempt) ..................................................................................................................................................................
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< 103 >

For Pietros second attempt, he and his teacher have used a variety of techniques in
order to improve his performance and impress the examiner:
Note where Pietro has
a) answered in full (complete) sentences:
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b) given extra information:
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< 104 >

c) employed standard English phrases:
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d) adopted an informal register:
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e) used a variety of tenses and structures:
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< 105 >

f) repeated the question:
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g) used modifiers:
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h) made a summary and been specific:
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< 106 >

Speaking Practice A
Write your answers out first in the spaces provided below:
(excerpt from) PRACTICE TEST 2 PART 1

EXAMINER: Good morning. My names Charlotte Wishart. And your name is...?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
EXAMINER: Can I see your passport please? Thank you. Did you go to school in [your
present country]?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: What were your favourite subjects at school?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 107 >

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EXAMINER: Did you learn a language at school?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: What subjects interest you now?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 108 >

EXAMINER: What do you plan to do in the future?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: How do you spend your free time?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Do you like to relax with others or by yourself?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Thank you.
Compare your answers with those of Pietro in his second attempt.
Are your answers similar? Did you answer as well as or better than Pietro?
< 109 >

SPEAKING TEST PART 2 PRACTICE: LONG TURN
for Speaking Practice B
What kinds of follow-up questions do you think you might be asked for each of the four
topic cards shown on page 330 of the Study Guide.
Try to think of two questions each. Write the questions below and then check with our
suggestions.
CARD 1 .......................................................................................................................................
Q1: ..............................................................................................................................................
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Q2: ..............................................................................................................................................
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CARD 2 .......................................................................................................................................
Q1: ..............................................................................................................................................
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Q2: ..............................................................................................................................................
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CARD 3 .......................................................................................................................................
Q1: ..............................................................................................................................................
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Q2: ..............................................................................................................................................
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< 110 >

CARD 4 .......................................................................................................................................
Q1: ..............................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Q2: ..............................................................................................................................................
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Speaking Practice C
Practice Part 2 yourself by answering the questions on the card on page 333 of the Study
Guide.
First, make a plan in one or two minutes. (Later, you will need to restrict your planning to
one minute only.)
PLAN:
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Practise giving your talk (1 to 2 minutes only), then answer the two follow-up questions.
< 111 >

Question 1: Does everyone enjoy this festival?
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Question 2: Are there many other festivals in your country?
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Compare your answers with those of Pietro in his second attempt.
***************************************
WRITING OUT YOUR ANSWERS
You are not expected or advised to always write out your answers for practice.
However, it can sometimes be a useful technique to help you think in more detail about
what to say, and give you time to consider how you might answer a question better.
IMPORTANT! Memorising your written answers is NOT the point of these written
exercises and you should not try to do this when you speak your
answers.
You can use the spaces below the questions in these pages to make notes if you wish.
***************************************
< 112 >

Speaking Practice D (extended)
(i) Look at the two task cards on page 334 of the Study Guide.
(ii) Practice Part 2 yourself by answering the questions on the first card. Make a plan first:
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Practise giving your talk (1 to 2 minutes only), then consider what the follow-up
questions might be:
Q1: ..............................................................................................................................................
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Q2: ..............................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
Look at our suggestions on page 335 of the Study Guide.
< 113 >

Now ask and answer those two questions with your partner.
Dont write them out this time. Take a moment to think about the first question and what
you want to say, and then give your response.
Do the same for the second question.
(iii) Next, look at the second task card on page 334 of the Study Guide.
Practice Part 2 yourself by answering the questions on the second card. Make a plan first:
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Practise giving your talk (1 to 2 minutes only), then consider what the follow-up
questions might be:
Q1: ..............................................................................................................................................
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Q2: ..............................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
< 114 >

Look at our suggestions on page 335 of the Study Guide.
Now ask and answer those two questions with your partner.
***************************************
ANALYSING YOUR RESPONSES
It is not always easy to assess yourself.
If you can, find a teacher who can provide you with useful feedback on your performance
in all parts of the Speaking Test.
Make an audio tape or file of your answers and ask a qualified English teacher for his or
her advice.
If you cannot find a tutor, ask a friend who is a little better than you at English for his or her
advice.
Compare your answers with those of other students.
***************************************
< 115 >

Speaking Practice E (extended)
Practice with the four task cards on page 335 of the Study Guide.
Plan your answers carefully. You can take your time to do this when you practice. On test
day, you might not be able to plan as thoroughly as you can in the classroom, but it
doesnt matter. All the planning practice that you do now will help you plan more
effectively later.
With at least one of those cards, print out the Part 2 page at the beginning of the Speaking
section of this workbook, and plan and write your answer and the answer to two possible
follow-up questions.
Create your own cards
It can be a good idea to create your own cards preferably with others in a group
choosing topics that your tutor has agreed are suitable for the task.
................................................................................................................................................................................................
. .
You should say:
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...and ......................................................................................................................................................................................
. .
< 116 >

SPEAKING TEST PART 3 PRACTICE: TWO-WAY DISCUSSION
Examine the first dialogue that Pietro had with his examiner on pages 337-339 of the
Study Guide.
Compare this with his second attempt (pages 339-341).
Note where Pietro has
a) used learned phrases and sentence structures:
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b) used complex sentence structures:
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< 117 >

c) extended his ideas:
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d) summarised his ideas:
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e) showm a wider range of vocabulary:
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< 118 >

f) used modifiers:
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Some candidates ask if is acceptable to correct themselves.
Although you do not have to and should not constantly be c orrecting yourself when
you speak, if you need to, it is not counted against you.
In fact, it can show the examiner that you are capable of self-feedback and correction.
< 119 >

ERROR CORRECTION:
Part 1.
Errors in Part 1 from the first attempt (1A) included:
I liked Science and at History I was best.
English was necessary and I studied Latin and German at different times.
My mother is French, so I can speak very well but I didnt learn at school.
I am study archaeology at the University of Palermo...
I am learn Arabic at the moment, which is difficult, but for this field and my future
its...obligatory.
I must to finish three years to complete my degree in Palermo.
I then will go to the Oxford University.
I must to get 7 for the IELTS.
I visit my favourite bars and clubs that has jazz music.
I play the clarinet but not so good.
I like very much both.
for Speaking Practice F
Can you correct these errors for Pietro? Write your corrections below.
You can rewrite the sentences in your own words if you prefer:
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< 120 >

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Check your answers to the error corrections RI3DUWwith those given onpage 3
for Speaking Practice G
Part 2.
I said already that I love jazz music, yes?
There is jazz festival held every year in Perugia.
Its famous hill-town. It has a good...er...aspect?
It has the strong cultural and artist history.
How often it is? The festival is being every year.
And in just ten days we are there.
In July it is, so the weather is very good.
We are seven who all participate there every year since we were started higher
secondary school!
< 121 >

Its close the Contrappunto Jazz Club.
Lots of the good performers like there.
I love play jazz and listen jazz and I take my clarinet.
It is very excited.
The performers are not always so good but I think the value is good.
We seven all take our music instruments...
Correct these PART 2 errors for Pietro:
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Check your answers to the error corrections RI3DUWwith those given onpage 3
< 122 >

for Speaking Practice H
Part 3.
Um...maybe the parents know how these celebrations have changed...
The Jazz Festival...um...was going to it every year for about eight years.
After my parents change the town from Marsala to Trapani, ...
Italian family is very important.
...or try to make some joking.
Foreign tourists come to see the vista of Mount Etna and...
I advise them to do this or our customs they cannot understand.
...we have a lot of problems with refugees coming. You know, this is important for us to
accept them...
In my parents hometown there is the old tradition that is for hundreds of years.
...the Holy Thursday.
Almost of the town is in this parade...
It is very good to make the town to feel together.
Its name Processione of the Mysteries at Trapani.
...and we have...also from other countries.
...the government in Trapani must to put up the fences...for this time...
With the fences, we cant feel together of the processione.
Correct these PART 3 errors for Pietro:
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< 123 >

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< 124 >

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Read through Tapescript 1B on pages 339 to 341 of the Study Guide and see howWKH
errors were corrected in the secRQGLQWHUYLHZ
Speaking Practice I (extended)
Practise Part 3 yourself by answering the questions that Pietro is asked in this interview.
1. Time yourself and restrict this to 5 minutes.

2. Practise paraphrasing (repeating the question in your own words) for one or two of
the questions.
3. Try to summarise your ideas at the end of your answers.
4. Use some complex structures that you are confident with.
5. Use a range of vocabulary.
You can make notes below the examiners questions if you wish. The questions are given
on the next page:
< 125 >

EXAMINER: How have cultural celebrations and festivals changed in your country?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: There is often a generation gap between children and their parents or
grandparents. Can traditions help to bridge this gap or do they make the
gap wider?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Are there any traditions in your own culture that you dont agree with or
that you particularly like?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 126 >

EXAMINER: Is it necessary for immigrants to adopt customs and festivals that are
celebrated in their new country?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: What role does religion play in your own country?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER:
)HVWLYDOVDQGHYHQWVFDQRIWHQGUDZODUJHFURZGV:KDWDUHWKHSRVVLEOH
GLVDGYDQWDJHVRIWKHVHODUJHFURZGV?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 127 >

PRACTICE FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT
PART 1
Examine the first dialogue that Yaoli had with her examiner on pages 353-354 of the
Study Guide.
After listening to Yaoli in Part 1 of his interview, compare her performance with that of
Pietro in Part 1 of his interview. Who makes a better overall impression on the examiner
in this part of the interview?
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Why?
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Error Correction:
Errors in Part 1 from the first attempt (1A) that Yaoli made included:
I from Shanghai.
I live with my family...mother, father, one brother and two cousins.

I have one room with my cousin.
There are three in my room and my mother tell us to clean.

Im eldest so I have my own desk. I think Chinese are used to doing this way.
In the evenings? Study. Not relax.
Now I am prepare for university entrance and I didnt have time for relax.
Maybe I can relax when I use the computer.
I like chatting on Internet to my friends.
But my cousins and brother share this computer, so I cant chatting very much.
I like to go to Shanghai Jiao Tung University.
< 128 >

If I can speak English well and pass the IELTS score, this will help my enter.
If I dont enter there, I will try to go to overseas university.
Mm...first English lesso n...um...no. It was too lo ng time ago. We had o ne American
teacher at the elementary school.
He used to giving English lesson but they were just simple one. I remember it is strange.
I couldnt understand, but we just say it many times. Th is is common teaching style in
China.
I dont have favourite time, but what I dont like...thats summer.

The fall, autumn, is OK after summer.
for Speaking Practice J
Can you correct these errors for Yaoli? You can rewrite the sentences in your own
words if you prefer.
Correction of Yaolis errors:
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< 129 >

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Before you look at our corrections, identify any systematic errors which she needs to
concentrate on before sitting for the interview again. Check your answers with those that
we suggest on page 357 of the Study Guide.
< 130 >

for Speaking Practice K
Next, try to improve Part 1 of Yaolis interview by adopting some of the techniques we
have identified in the Study Guide, so that she impresses the examiner.
Can you develop her ideas into fuller responses by using extra sentences? For
example, what more could she say about her family in the first question?
Can you use some modifiers to more accurately describe her bedroom?
Can you compare and contrast her favourite and least favourite time of year?
Can you make her response to whether or not she likes studying English sound
more positive? Try to sound as positive as you can in the interview.
Improvements to Yaolis PART 1 interview:
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< 131 >

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Now read and listen to Part 1 in Tapescript 2A again. Compare it with Yaolis second
attempt Part 1 in Tapescript 2B.
< 132 >

Speaking Practice L
Now practise Part 1 by answering the questions in this interview yourself.
Develop your ideas by giving specific examples or reasons for your answers
where possible.
Use one or two learned expressions in your answers but dont overdo it one or
two impress, but more than this detracts from your performance.
Vary the tenses and structure of your sentences.
EXAMINER: Good morning. My names Lawrence Mitchell. And your name is...?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
EXAMINER: Can I see your passport please? Thank you. Who do you live with in [your
present country]?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Can you describe your room to me?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 133 >

EXAMINER: What do you do to relax in the evenings?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Why are you taking this speaking test?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Do you enjoy studying English?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 134 >

EXAMINER: Can you remember your first English lesson?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: What's your favourite time of the year?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 135 >

PART 2
Refer to the task card and Tapescript 2A on page 361 of the Study Guide.
Look at the notes that Yaoli wrote and try to improve Yaolis long-turn.
Plan her response more carefully and use all of the information that she has written down.
TAPESCRIPT 2A NOTES FOR PART 2
Becky
kind clever advice

Many things always
Canada 2002
EXAMINER: Would you like to start now?

CANDIDATE: OK. I have many friends but the one special cousin is Becky. He is one
year different, so we are close and we talk for many things. Maybe for
many things we think together.
Shes kind also clever. Her English is much better than me and...er...
youngest. She support another family like our cousin at school. My
brother too...hes the only son...so in China you know, this is very
special.
One special time...um...we have been...went to...Canada in 2002 for

vacation. If Becky didnt go with me, it would be impossible because
she uses her English ability. I think shes very successful in the future.
I think my father, my mother very happy with my cousin. Even my

brother is favourite because he is a son, they are very happy.
for Speaking Practice M
Help Yaoli to improve her long turn. Plan her response more carefully and use all of the
information that she has written down.
Identify the grammatical and structural errors that Yaoli makes but remember dont only fix
the grammar mistakes. Try to extend her ideas into longer and complete sentences, for
example, what does being close to someone mean?
Use modifiers and a wider range of vocabulary. Think of synonyms for special or other words
to describe people, friends, family, holidays, feelings, etc.
< 136 >

Error Correction:
I have many friends but the one special cousin is Becky.
He is one year different, so we are close and we talk for many things.
Maybe for many things we think together.
Shes kind also clever.

Her English is much better than me and...er... youngest.
She support another family like our cousin at school.
My brother too...
...we have been...went to...Canada in 2002 for vacation.
If Becky didnt go with me, it would be impossible because she uses her English ability.
I think shes very successful in the future.

I think my father, my mother very happy with my cousin.
Even my brother is favourite because he is a son, they are very happy.
All day at school I am with friends and now we study for the university.
We dont have time.
If we dont study...um...we can shopping together or eating noodles.

Write your corrections below:
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< 137 >

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Check your answers with those that we suggest on page 365 of the Study Guide.
< 138 >

Speaking Practice N
Now practise Part 2 yourself by answering the questions on the card used in this
interview.
Follow the guidelines on page 365 of the Study Guide.
Describe a special friend or family member.
You should say:
who the person is
why they are so special
what you usually do together
...and describe a special time you have spent with that person.
Then answer the follow-up questions below:
H[FHUSWIURP35$&7,&(7(67 PART
EXAMINER: Do you see your family often?
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
EXAMINER: Do you spend more time with your family or friends?
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< 139 >

PART 3
Look at Tapescript 2A on pages 367 of the Study Guide. It is Yaolis PART 3

conversation. Try to improve it by inserting some of the discourse markers below:
In my view, ... In my opinion, ...
As well as... Even though, ...
Personally, ... Overall, ...
In the main, ... Unfortunately, ...
Naturally, ... Even so, ...
for Speaking Practice M
Improvements to Yaolis PART 3 conversation:
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< 140 >

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Check your work with your tutor.
< 141 >

Error Correction:
Oh, in China, family is most important.
Now there are many changes in China.
China is becoming more modern and everyone is busy than before.
But not everyone can get job, so many come to Shanghai to find a job.
They leave their family in the countryside and there are many problems I think.
If they get job, they can give money home.
Our tradition is different to Western countries.
We must to take care our parents because when we are young, they care for us.
Also other family.
Kindness I think, but also hard sometimes too.
If my friends have problems, I help them and if I cant advice, maybe listening is OK.
In Chinese we said, when you are in disaster or big trouble, you will see whos your real
friend.
for Speaking Practice O
Write your corrections to Yaolis Part 3 responses below:
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< 142 >

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Check your answers with those that we suggest on page 369 of the Study Guide.
< 143 >

Speaking Practice P
Look at how Yaoli answers each of the examiners Part 3 questions in turn.
Question 1: Do you think the family unit is less important in modern life now?
What is Yaoli trying to say to the examiner?
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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Question 2: Should children look after their parents when they get older?
Yaoli says that Chinese traditions are differ ent to Western traditions but she doesnt say
how they differ. What do you think she means by Also other family.?
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Question 3: What qualities should a parent have?
Yaoli needs to explain why she thinks parents need to have kindness. What do you think
she means by hard?
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Question 4: Do you think you are a good friend? Why?
Yaoli tries to use a conditional structure to answer this question. Unfortunately, she
doesnt use it correctly and once again, her vocabulary is inadequate If my friends have
problems, I help them and if I cant advice, maybe listening is OK.
< 144 >

for Speaking Practice Q
Now consider how Yaoli should have finished the interview. What could she have said?
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Before you try Part 3 yourself, read and listen to Yaolis second attempt Part 3 in
Tapescript 2B and see how she improved the last part of the interview.
Speaking Practice R
Practise Part 3 yourself by answering the same questions as Manuel.
As before:
Time yourself and restrict this to 5 minutes.

Practise paraphrasing (repeating the question in your own words) for one or two of
the questions.
Try to summarise your ideas at the end of your answers.
Use some complex structures that you are confident with.
Use a range of vocabulary.
You can make notes below the examiners questions if you wish. The questions are given
on the next page:
< 145 >

EXAMINER: Do you think the family unit is less important in modern life now?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: Should children look after their parents when they get older?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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EXAMINER: What qualities should a parent have?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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< 146 >

EXAMINER: Do you think you are a good friend? Why?
YOU: .................................................................................................................................
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Remember to spend more time speaking than writing your answers.
Finally, compare your improved version of the entire interview with <DROL
s second and
better attempt: see Tapescript 2B on page - in the Appendices section.
As you listen to the second attempt of this interview, consider all of the elements that we
have discussed and note how they have been used to improve <DROLs interview.
Note where <DROL has
a) developed ideas into fuller replies:
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< 147 >

b) used a variety of word forms and interesting vocabulary:
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c) used modifiers and discourse markers (write them below):
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d) used iearned phrases (write them below):
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< 148 >

THE END OF THE INTERVIEW
Look again at the final section of Tapescript 2B on page 412 of the Study Guide: Yaolis
second and better attempt at the Speaking test.
Notice how Yaoli finished the interview:
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The examiner will tell you when the Speaking Test is completed.
Although you do not have to say anything in reply, it is customary to thank the examiner
for his or her time, and perhaps add a few words as Yaoli did.
Think of other ways to say goodbye and check with your tutor if they are appropriate:
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Remember: dont ask the examiner how you performed.
< 149 >

NOTES
< 150 >

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Study Guide to the 404 Essential Tests for IELTS

General Training Module

by Donna Scovell, Vickie Pastellas and Max Knobel

CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOK

How to use this workbook page 1

Listening Test Practice

LISTENING TEST ANSWER SHEET page 3

Listening Test Samples A to H pages 4 10

Reading Test Practice

READING TEST ANSWER SHEET page 11

Reading Test Samples A to H pages 13 26

Writing Test Practice

WRITING TASK 1 PLANNING AND ANSWER SHEETS pages 28 30

WRITING TASK 2 PLANNING AND ANSWER SHEETS pages 31 33

Writing Task 1 Practice Exercises page 34

The Letter of Request page 34

The Letter of Complaint page 41

The Letter of Apology page 46

The Letter Providing Information page 52

CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOKFRQWLQXHG

Writing Task 2 Practice Exercises page 56

Student Activities 9 to 29:

ARGUMENT ESSAYS page 56

CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYS page 70

ADVANTAGE / DISADVANTAGE ESSAYS page 83

COMPARISON AND CONTRAST ESSAYS page 90

Speaking Test Practice

SPEAKING TEST PART 1 PRACTICE SHEETS pages 97 99

SPEAKING TEST PART 2 PRACTICE SHEETS page 100

SPEAKING TEST PART 3 PRACTICE SHEETS pages 101 102

Speaking Test Practice Exercises page 103

Part 1: INTRODUCTION & INTERVIEW page 103

Part 2: LONG TURN page 110

Part 3: TWO-WAY DISCUSSION page 117

ERROR CORRECTION page 120

PRACTICE FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT page 128

PART 1 page 128

PART 2 page 136

PART 3 page 140

< iii >

CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOK continued...

THE END OF THE INTERVIEW page 149

NOTES page 150

THE GENERAL TRAINING IELTS TEST

multiple choice questions

multiple choice questions

In the Writing Test, Task 1 you may be asked to:

writing a letter that requests information

In addition, you have written essays for Task 2:

introduction and interview

Class: _______________________ Date: ___________________

Listen to a student making an appointment with a Student Counsellor.

Complete the Appointment Form below using WORDS OR NUMBERS.

Course: EXAMPLE: BACHELOR OF EDUCATION

Given Names: CASSANDRA X

Date of Birth: (2) / /

Address: (3) 32 Street, Yorktown

Day: FRIDAY Time: (5)

Campus: (6) ____________

CONTENTS OF THE STUDY GUIDE WORKBOOKFRQWLQXHG

Class: _____ Date: _

and may get a (12) . Before getting onto a