JAVASCRIPT - THE DATE OBJECT

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The Date object is a datatype built into the JavaScript language. Date objects are created with the
new Date as shown below.

Once a Date object is created, a number of methods allow you to operate on it. Most methods
simply allow you to get and set the year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and millisecond fields
of the object, using either local time or UTC universal, orGMT time.

The ECMAScript standard requires the Date object to be able to represent any date and time, to
millisecond precision, within 100 million days before or after 1/1/1970. This is a range of plus or
minus 273,785 years, so JavaScript can represent date and time till the year 275755.

Syntax
You can use any of the following syntaxes to create a Date object using Date constructor.

new Date( )
new Date(milliseconds)
new Date(datestring)
new Date(year,month,date[,hour,minute,second,millisecond ])

Note Parameters in the brackets are always optional.

Here is a description of the parameters

No Argument With no arguments, the Date constructor creates a Date object set to the
current date and time.

milliseconds When one numeric argument is passed, it is taken as the internal numeric
representation of the date in milliseconds, as returned by the getTime method. For example,
passing the argument 5000 creates a date that represents five seconds past midnight on
1/1/70.

datestring When one string argument is passed, it is a string representation of a date, in

the format accepted by the Date.parse method.

7 agruments To use the last form of the constructor shown above. Here is a description of
each argument:

year Integer value representing the year. For compatibility inordertoavoidtheY2Kproblem,

you should always specify the year in full; use 1998, rather than 98.

month Integer value representing the month, beginning with 0 for January to 11 for
December.

date Integer value representing the day of the month.

hour Integer value representing the hour of the day 24 hourscale.

minute Integer value representing the minute segment of a time reading.

second Integer value representing the second segment of a time reading.

millisecond Integer value representing the millisecond segment of a time reading.

Date Properties
Here is a list of the properties of the Date object along with their description.

Property Description
 Specifies the function that creates an object's prototype.
constructor

The prototype property allows you to add properties and methods to an

prototype object

In the following sections, we will have a few examples to demonstrate the usage of different Date
properties.

Date Methods
Here is a list of the methods used with Date and their description.

Method Description

Returns today's date and time

Date

Returns the day of the month for the specified date according to
getDate local time.

Returns the day of the week for the specified date according to
getDay local time.

Returns the year of the specified date according to local time.

getFullYear

Returns the hour in the specified date according to local time.

getHours

Returns the milliseconds in the specified date according to local

getMilliseconds time.

Returns the minutes in the specified date according to local time.

getMinutes

Returns the month in the specified date according to local time.

getMonth

Returns the seconds in the specified date according to local time.

getSeconds

Returns the numeric value of the specified date as the number of

getTime milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.

Returns the time-zone offset in minutes for the current locale.

getTimezoneOffset

Returns the day date of the month in the specified date according
getUTCDate to universal time.

Returns the day of the week in the specified date according to

getUTCDay universal time.
 Returns the year in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCFullYear

Returns the hours in the specified date according to universal

getUTCHours time.

Returns the milliseconds in the specified date according to

getUTCMilliseconds universal time.

Returns the minutes in the specified date according to universal

getUTCMinutes time.

Returns the month in the specified date according to universal

getUTCMonth time.

Returns the seconds in the specified date according to universal

getUTCSeconds time.

Deprecated - Returns the year in the specified date according to

getYear local time. Use getFullYear instead.

Sets the day of the month for a specified date according to local
setDate time.

Sets the full year for a specified date according to local time.
setFullYear

Sets the hours for a specified date according to local time.

setHours

Sets the milliseconds for a specified date according to local time.

setMilliseconds

Sets the minutes for a specified date according to local time.

setMinutes

Sets the month for a specified date according to local time.

setMonth

Sets the seconds for a specified date according to local time.

setSeconds

Sets the Date object to the time represented by a number of

setTime milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.

Sets the day of the month for a specified date according to

setUTCDate universal time.

Sets the full year for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCFullYear

Sets the hour for a specified date according to universal time.

setUTCHours
 Sets the milliseconds for a specified date according to universal
setUTCMilliseconds time.

Sets the minutes for a specified date according to universal time.

setUTCMinutes

Sets the month for a specified date according to universal time.

setUTCMonth

Sets the seconds for a specified date according to universal time.

setUTCSeconds

Deprecated - Sets the year for a specified date according to local

setYear time. Use setFullYear instead.

Returns the "date" portion of the Date as a human-readable string.

toDateString

Deprecated - Converts a date to a string, using the Internet GMT

toGMTString conventions. Use toUTCString instead.

Returns the "date" portion of the Date as a string, using the

toLocaleDateString current locale's conventions.

Converts a date to a string, using a format string.

toLocaleFormat

Converts a date to a string, using the current locale's conventions.

toLocaleString

Returns the "time" portion of the Date as a string, using the

toLocaleTimeString current locale's conventions.

Returns a string representing the source for an equivalent Date

toSource object; you can use this value to create a new object.

Returns a string representing the specified Date object.

toString

Returns the "time" portion of the Date as a human-readable string.

toTimeString

Converts a date to a string, using the universal time convention.

toUTCString

Returns the primitive value of a Date object.

valueOf

Converts a date to a string, using the universal time convention.

Date Static Methods

In addition to the many instance methods listed previously, the Date object also defines two static
methods. These methods are invoked through the Date constructor itself.
Method Description

Parses a string representation of a date and time and returns the

Date.parse internal millisecond representation of that date.

Returns the millisecond representation of the specified UTC date

Date.UTC and time.

In the following sections, we will have a few examples to demonstrate the usages of Date Static
methods.
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