JAVASCRIPT - THE DATE OBJECT
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The Date object is a datatype built into the JavaScript language. Date objects are created with the
new Date as shown below.
Once a Date object is created, a number of methods allow you to operate on it. Most methods
simply allow you to get and set the year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and millisecond fields
of the object, using either local time or UTC universal, orGMT time.
The ECMAScript standard requires the Date object to be able to represent any date and time, to
millisecond precision, within 100 million days before or after 1/1/1970. This is a range of plus or
minus 273,785 years, so JavaScript can represent date and time till the year 275755.
Syntax
You can use any of the following syntaxes to create a Date object using Date constructor.
new Date( )
new Date(milliseconds)
new Date(datestring)
new Date(year,month,date[,hour,minute,second,millisecond ])
Note Parameters in the brackets are always optional.
Here is a description of the parameters
No Argument With no arguments, the Date constructor creates a Date object set to the
current date and time.
milliseconds When one numeric argument is passed, it is taken as the internal numeric
representation of the date in milliseconds, as returned by the getTime method. For example,
passing the argument 5000 creates a date that represents five seconds past midnight on
1/1/70.
datestring When one string argument is passed, it is a string representation of a date, in
the format accepted by the Date.parse method.
7 agruments To use the last form of the constructor shown above. Here is a description of
each argument:
year Integer value representing the year. For compatibility inordertoavoidtheY2Kproblem,
you should always specify the year in full; use 1998, rather than 98.
month Integer value representing the month, beginning with 0 for January to 11 for
December.
date Integer value representing the day of the month.
hour Integer value representing the hour of the day 24 hourscale.
minute Integer value representing the minute segment of a time reading.
second Integer value representing the second segment of a time reading.
millisecond Integer value representing the millisecond segment of a time reading.
Date Properties
Here is a list of the properties of the Date object along with their description.
Property Description
Specifies the function that creates an object's prototype.
constructor
The prototype property allows you to add properties and methods to an
prototype object
In the following sections, we will have a few examples to demonstrate the usage of different Date
properties.
Date Methods
Here is a list of the methods used with Date and their description.
Method Description
Returns today's date and time
Date
Returns the day of the month for the specified date according to
getDate local time.
Returns the day of the week for the specified date according to
getDay local time.
Returns the year of the specified date according to local time.
getFullYear
Returns the hour in the specified date according to local time.
getHours
Returns the milliseconds in the specified date according to local
getMilliseconds time.
Returns the minutes in the specified date according to local time.
getMinutes
Returns the month in the specified date according to local time.
getMonth
Returns the seconds in the specified date according to local time.
getSeconds
Returns the numeric value of the specified date as the number of
getTime milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.
Returns the time-zone offset in minutes for the current locale.
getTimezoneOffset
Returns the day date of the month in the specified date according
getUTCDate to universal time.
Returns the day of the week in the specified date according to
getUTCDay universal time.
Returns the year in the specified date according to universal time.
getUTCFullYear
Returns the hours in the specified date according to universal
getUTCHours time.
Returns the milliseconds in the specified date according to
getUTCMilliseconds universal time.
Returns the minutes in the specified date according to universal
getUTCMinutes time.
Returns the month in the specified date according to universal
getUTCMonth time.
Returns the seconds in the specified date according to universal
getUTCSeconds time.
Deprecated - Returns the year in the specified date according to
getYear local time. Use getFullYear instead.
Sets the day of the month for a specified date according to local
setDate time.
Sets the full year for a specified date according to local time.
setFullYear
Sets the hours for a specified date according to local time.
setHours
Sets the milliseconds for a specified date according to local time.
setMilliseconds
Sets the minutes for a specified date according to local time.
setMinutes
Sets the month for a specified date according to local time.
setMonth
Sets the seconds for a specified date according to local time.
setSeconds
Sets the Date object to the time represented by a number of
setTime milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC.
Sets the day of the month for a specified date according to
setUTCDate universal time.
Sets the full year for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCFullYear
Sets the hour for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCHours
Sets the milliseconds for a specified date according to universal
setUTCMilliseconds time.
Sets the minutes for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCMinutes
Sets the month for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCMonth
Sets the seconds for a specified date according to universal time.
setUTCSeconds
Deprecated - Sets the year for a specified date according to local
setYear time. Use setFullYear instead.
Returns the "date" portion of the Date as a human-readable string.
toDateString
Deprecated - Converts a date to a string, using the Internet GMT
toGMTString conventions. Use toUTCString instead.
Returns the "date" portion of the Date as a string, using the
toLocaleDateString current locale's conventions.
Converts a date to a string, using a format string.
toLocaleFormat
Converts a date to a string, using the current locale's conventions.
toLocaleString
Returns the "time" portion of the Date as a string, using the
toLocaleTimeString current locale's conventions.
Returns a string representing the source for an equivalent Date
toSource object; you can use this value to create a new object.
Returns a string representing the specified Date object.
toString
Returns the "time" portion of the Date as a human-readable string.
toTimeString
Converts a date to a string, using the universal time convention.
toUTCString
Returns the primitive value of a Date object.
valueOf
Converts a date to a string, using the universal time convention.
Date Static Methods
In addition to the many instance methods listed previously, the Date object also defines two static
methods. These methods are invoked through the Date constructor itself.
Method Description
Parses a string representation of a date and time and returns the
Date.parse internal millisecond representation of that date.
Returns the millisecond representation of the specified UTC date
Date.UTC and time.
In the following sections, we will have a few examples to demonstrate the usages of Date Static
methods.
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