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Java JDBC Tutorial

The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) which is a Java API used to connect and execute queries with a database. It describes how JDBC uses JDBC drivers to connect to databases, provides advantages over ODBC including being platform independent, and outlines the 5 steps to connect a Java application to a database using JDBC: register the driver class, create a connection, create a statement, execute queries, and close the connection. An example is also provided to connect a Java application to a MySQL database using JDBC.

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132 views

Java JDBC Tutorial

The document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) which is a Java API used to connect and execute queries with a database. It describes how JDBC uses JDBC drivers to connect to databases, provides advantages over ODBC including being platform independent, and outlines the 5 steps to connect a Java application to a database using JDBC: register the driver class, create a connection, create a statement, execute queries, and close the connection. An example is also provided to connect a Java application to a MySQL database using JDBC.

Uploaded by

shamagondal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ceh.arvind@gmial.

com JDBC 9996870071


Java JDBC Tutorial
Java JDBC is a java API to connect and execute query with the database. JDBC API uses jdbc
drivers to connect with the database.

Why use JDBC


Before JDBC, ODBC API was the database API to connect and execute query with the
database. But, ODBC API uses ODBC driver which is written in C language (i.e. platform
dependent and unsecured). That is why Java has defined its own API (JDBC API) that uses
JDBC drivers (written in Java language).

JDBC-ODBC bridge driver


The JDBC-ODBC bridge driver uses ODBC driver to connect to the database. The JDBC-
ODBC bridge driver converts JDBC method calls into the ODBC function calls. This is now
discouraged because of thin driver.

Advantages:
o easy to use.

o can be easily connected to any database.

Disadvantages:
o Performance degraded because JDBC method call is converted into the ODBC function
calls.

o The ODBC driver needs to be installed on the client machine.

5 Steps to connect to the database in java


There are 5 steps to connect any java application with the database in java using JDBC.
They are as follows:

o Register the driver class

o Creating connection

o Creating statement

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o Executing queries

o Closing connection

1) Register the driver class


The forName() method of Class class is used to register the driver class. This method is
used to dynamically load the driver class.

Syntax of forName() method


1. public static void forName(String className)throws ClassNotFoundException

Example to connect to the mysql database in


java
For connecting java application with the mysql database, you need to follow 5 steps to perform
database connectivity.

In this example we are using MySql as the database. So we need to know following
informations for the mysql database:

1. Driver class: The driver class for the mysql database is com.mysql.jdbc.Driver.

2. Connection URL: The connection URL for the mysql database


is jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonoo where jdbc is the API, mysql is the
database, localhost is the server name on which mysql is running, we may also use IP
address, 3306 is the port number and sonoo is the database name. We may use any
database, in such case, you need to replace the sonoo with your database name.

3. Username: The default username for the mysql database is root.

4. Password: Password is given by the user at the time of installing the mysql database.
In this example, we are going to use root as the password.

Let's first create a table in the mysql database, but before creating table, we need to create
database first.

1. create database sonoo;


2. use sonoo;
3. create table emp(id int(10),name varchar(40),age int(3));

Example to Connect Java Application with mysql


database
In this example, sonoo is the database name, root is the username and password.

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import java.sql.*;
class MysqlCon{
public static void main(String args[]){
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonoo","root","root");
//here sonoo is database name, root is username and password
Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery("select * from emp");
while(rs.next())
System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)+" "+rs.getString(2)+" "+rs.getString(3));
con.close();
}catch(Exception e){ System.out.println(e);}
}
}
Two ways to load the jar file:
1. paste the mysqlconnector.jar file in jre/lib/ext folder

2. set classpath

1) paste the mysqlconnector.jar file in JRE/lib/ext folder:


Download the mysqlconnector.jar file. Go to jre/lib/ext folder and paste the jar file here.

2) set classpath:
There are two ways to set the classpath:

o temporary

o permanent

How to set the temporary classpath


open command prompt and write:

1. C:>set classpath=c:\folder\mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar;.;
How to set the permanent classpath
Go to environment variable then click on new tab. In variable name write classpath and in
variable value paste the path to the mysqlconnector.jar file by appending
mysqlconnector.jar;.; as C:\folder\mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar;.;

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