UMTS Networks

Graduate course in Computer Science

Integrated Communication Systems (ICS) Group
http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/ics
-> Education -> Master Courses -> UMTS-Networks
Winter Semester

Andreas Mitschele-Thiel
Jens Mckenheim
Course Motivation Why is this important?

Enormous growth in mobile communications

Enormous growth of Internet traffic
Transition from voice to data services
Transition from pay-per-data to flat rates
Convergence of the Telecommunication world and the Internet world
Transition from circuit-switched to packet-switching technology
Mobile/Wireless Internet
New applications and services

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 2

 Convergence of Mobile Communication and the Internet

1,400 2004: Internet access via mobile

terminal will overtake Internet
1,200
access via PCs

1,000
Mobile communication
Millions

800

PCs with Internet access

600

400

2002: 500 million mobiles

200
with Internet access
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 3

Course Contents

Review of the basics of mobile communications

Overview on GSM, GPRS and EDGE
UMTS networks, including
- network architecture,
- network elements,
- protocols and
- service aspects
Architecture, protocols and services of UMTS networks especially
- the radio access network and
- the core network
Evolution towards the 4th generation
- High-speed Packet Data (HSPA),
- Long-term Evolution (LTE) and System Architecture Evolution (SAE)

Focus on network aspects rather than radio details

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 4

Course Objectives

Understand how UMTS networks work

Be able to navigate and understand UMTS standards

Understand why UMTS has been defined the way it is

Understanding of a real (non-trivial) integrated HW/SW system

Understand the evolution path towards and beyond UMTS

=> Understanding of the system from the system architects view

or: forget about the details as soon as you understand the whole

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 5

Working Method

Study of a real Telco system with its specific problems

Identify and solve the identified problems instead of a general study
of abstract problems
Acquire a reasonable deep understanding of a highly complex system
Lots of discussion (hopefully)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 6

Organisational Stuff
Lecture: first half of semester (meet twice a week)
Seminar: second half of semester (individual studies and presentations)

Course prerequisites:
Basics of Communication Systems and Protocols (mandatory)
Basics of Mobile Communications, e.g. Wireless Internet course
(recommended)

Slides and additional information are provided at

http://www.tu-ilmenau.de/ics
-> Education -> Master Courses -> UMTS-Networks

Instructor contact:
Andreas Mitschele-Thiel Dr. Jens Mckenheim
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Phone: 03677-69 2819 Phone: 0911-30874-2842

Course budget: 30 hours (15 sessions a 2 hours)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 7

Schedule
1 Introduction 12.10.2010
2 Basics of Wireless Transmissions
Media Access Schemes
Basic Functions of Mobile Systems
3 2G: GSM and GSM Evolution 19.10.2010
Protocol Engineering Basics, Standards
4 UMTS Architecture
5 UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) 26.10.2010
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA)
6 UTRAN Procedures
7 Numbering, Addressing and Location Identities 02.11.2010
UE Modes
8 Mobility Management
Communication Management
9 Wideband CDMA Principles 09.11.2010
10 Radio Resource Management
11 High-Speed Packet-Access (HSPA) 16.11.2010
12 High-Speed Packet-Access (HSPA), contd
13 UMTS-Evolution (HSPA+) 23.11.2010
14 LTE/SAE

Red topics are provided by Dr. Mckenheim

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 8
Introduction

Mobile Business and Services

Market Expectations
UMTS Services and Applications
Technical Trends
From 2G to 4G
First Mobile Radio (1924) How it began...

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 10

 ... And whats next?

Mobile TV
Video camera
Game console
GPS device
Digital camera
MP3 player
Memory card
Color display
Portable radio
PDA
Fax
Pager
Phone
A mobile phone today is a ...
communication, entertainment, transaction & navigation center...
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 11
3G Mobile Communication Systems: UMTS

Selling licenses is a great New standard for mobile communication

business model for the
secretary of finance

Data communication

expensive hot air

Multi media

New services

Virtual home environment

Ubiquitous communication
always on

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 12

 Mobile Networks in Germany 1950: isolated network coverage,
30MHz, 50MHz, 160Mhz,
manual exchange/operator
140,000

as of
130,000
Oct 2007: 1. Generation (analog)
120,000 1958-77: A-Netz 156-174 MHz,
C-Netz 10.000 subs, manual exchange
subscribers in thousands

110,000
2G-GSM/GPRS 1972-94: B-Netz 146-156 MHz,
100,000
3G-UMTS/HSPA 27.000 subs, direct dialling
90,000
Total Mobile Subscribers 1986-00: C-Netz 451-466 MHz,
80,000 Max. 800.000 subs,
National Roaming
2. Generation (digital: GSM/GPRS)
70,000

since 1991: D-Netze 890-960Mhz,

60,000

50,000 Intern. Roaming

40,000 since 1993:
E-Netze 1710-1880MHz
30,000
Now: 81 Mio subscribers
2007:
20,000
3. Generation (digital: UMTS)
10,000 since 2004: UMTS 2100 MHz
0 Now: 15 Mio subscribers
2007:
Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez Dez
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

Since commercial launch of 2nd generation GSM (1992): strong growth of subscribers,
now: more than 100% penetration (of population)
Since commercial launch of 3rd generation UMTS (2004): today 15 mio subscribers, 15% is 3G
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 13 o
Revenue for Mobile Operators (total) in Germany
Average
German Mobile Operators Revenue, Total revenue per
estimates for 2007: revenue user (ARPU)
more than 27 B$ = 21 B
[US$m] [US$] [%]
Total Mobile Revenues $27,559 $25.33 100.0%
Voice Revenue $21,417 $19.68 77.7%
Data Revenue $6,142 $5.64 22.3%
Messaging Revenue $4,704 $4.32 17.1%
SMS $4,026 $3.70 14.6%
MMS $260 $0.24 0.9%
Email $399 $0.37 1.4%
Other Messaging $19 $0.02 0.1%
Non-Messaging Revenue $1,438 $1.32 5.2%
Ringtones $332 $0.31 1.2%
Graphics/Images $162 $0.15 0.6%
Games $263 $0.24 1.0%
Information Services $163 $0.15 0.6%
Music $59 $0.05 0.2%
Video $88 $0.08 0.3%
Mobile Data/Remote Access $371 $0.34 1.3%
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 14 o
Worldwide Number of Subscribers by Technology
Q2 2007
Region
Q2 2006 Q2 2007
(%)
Total 2,431,732,781 2,948,357,080 100.0%
GSM 2G 1,934,109,924 2,377,790,703 80.6%
UMTS (WCDMA) 3G 70,242,769 131,240,644 4.5%
UMTS/HSPA 3G 259,396 4,987,178 0.2%
TDMA 2G 31,491,377 12,126,883 0.4%
PDC 2G 39,319,525 23,481,602 0.8%
World
iDEN 2G 25,321,560 27,078,771 0.9%
Analog 1G 4,467,113 2,021,415 0.1%
cdmaOne 2G 29,466,577 15,551,230 0.5%
CDMA2000 1X 3G 260,661,808 288,503,817 9.8%
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO 3G 36,394,017 65,405,731 2.2%
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Rev. A 3G - 171,311 0.0%

The Global mobile Suppliers Association (GSA) states that, as of November 2006,
GSM/UMTS services are available in 134 networks in 59 countries,
with 85% of mobile subscriptions worldwide = more than 2.5 billion
(source: www.gsacom.com).
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 15 o
source: www.gsacom.com
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 16
 UMTS:
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
Services:
- Traditional Voice
- Teleservices like and Fax, SMS, MMS messaging
- Wide-band Data for Multimedia and Wireless Internet:
via dedicated access (Basic Release99)
up to 144 kb/s for high speed mobiles
up to 384 kb/s for low speed mobiles
up to 2 Mb/s for portable/fixed users
via high-speed packet access (HSPA, Release5, 6&7)
up to 7.2-14.4/28.8 Mbit/s download
up to 5.7/11.5 Mbit/s upload
Spectral Efficiency: High
Mobility & Roaming: Worldwide
Compatibility: with 2G systems, especially GSM
Physical characteristics:
Wideband (W-)CDMA system with 5MHz bandwidth, 3.84 Mchps
around 2000 MHz (EU), 1900 MHz (US), 1700 MHz (Japan)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 17

Why UMTS?

GSM (2nd generation): UMTS (3rd generation):

Optimized for circuit-switched voice Focus on packet-switched data

High delay (180 ms round-trip) Lower latency

Small band, inflexible assignment of Flexible assignment of spectrum

data rates with variable data rates
Low data rates Higher data rates for multimedia
services
Suboptimal use of radio resources Higher capacity of radio system

(spectral efficiency)

Complicated RF planning Simplified RF engineering (no

(layout of frequency usage) frequency planning)

Standard set by Europe Worldwide agreed standard

Globally available, Worldwide roaming by design

but not planned as such

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 18

 What is 3GPP?
3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project
3GPP is a collaboration agreement, established in December 1998, to
ensure a worldwide acceptance of 3G W-CDMA/UMTS standards
It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (standard development
organization)

S.Korea
Europe

USA
China

Japan

These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose

them to regional (Europe, NorthAmerica, Korea, Japan, China) standards
ITU references the regional standards
IMT-2000, IMT-Advanced see: www.3gpp.org
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 19 o
3GPP Members

Organizational Members:
ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses, Japan
ATIS Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, USA
CCSA China Communications Standards Association, China
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute, EU (France)
TTA Telecommunications Technology Association, S. Korea
TTC The Telecommunication Technology Committee, Japan

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 20 o

3GPP Standards Releases (summary from/links to Wikipedia, 2008)

Version Released Info

Release 99 2000 Q1 Specified the first UMTS 3G networks, incorporating a
CDMA air interface
Release 4 2001 Q2 Originally called the Release 2000 - added features
including an all-IP Core Network
Release 5 2002 Q1 Introduced IMS and HSDPA
Release 6 2004 Q4 Integrated operation with Wireless LAN networks and adds
HSUPA, MBMS, enhancements to IMS such as Push
to Talk over Cellular (PoC), GAN (UMA)

Release 7 2007 Q4 Focuses on decreasing latency, QoS and improvements

to real-time applications like VoIP. This specification
will also focus on HSPA+ (High Speed Packet Access
Evolution), SIM high-speed protocol and contactless
front-end interface (Near Field Communication
enabling operators to deliver contactless services like
Mobile Payments), EDGE Evolution.
Release 8 2008 Q4 E-UTRA, All-IP Network (SAE). Release 8 constitutes a
refactoring of UMTS as an entirely IP based fourth-
generation network.

Release 9 2009 Q4 SAES Enhancements, WiMAX and LTE/UMTS

Interoperability. Dual-Cell HSDPA with MIMO, Dual-
Cell HSUPA.

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 21

 Evolution of 3GPP Standards (Europe & Asia)
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
Rel99 Rel5 Rel6 Rel7
Rel8
UMTS HSDPA E-DCH MIMO

HSDPA E-DCH MIMO HSPA

CPC Evolution
IP-RAN MBMS
HoM
Dec 2007
Network VoIP
1989 1997 1998 Sharing
BF
Subscriber LTE
Rel98 Trace
GSM GPRS (part of Rel 8)
AMR

1999 2004 2006

Rel99 Rel6
Rel7
EDGE SAIC

Release 99 Release 6
Specs are Functionally frozen in March Functionally frozen in Dec. 2004
2000 Corrections still ongoing.
Essential corrections until late 2003 Main features: MBMS, Enhanced UL DCH,
Release 4 Remote Electrical Tilting, Voice over IP, LTE
Study
Specs Functionally frozen in March 2001
Release 7
Small delta to Release 99
Specs are Functionally frozen in March
Main features: TD-SCDMA, HSDPA 2006.
feasibility study
Main features: MIMO, gaming on IP,
Release 5 Enhanced Push over Cellular, Evolved-UTRA
Functionally frozen in March 2002 & June (LTE) feasibility study. System Arch.
2002. Evolution (SAE) Study.
corrections until late 2004 Release 8
Main features: HSDPA, IP-RAN, Network Published in Dec. 2007/ March 2008
Sharing, feasibility study of UTRAN Main features: HSPA+, LTE (E-UTRA), SAE,
evolution, IMS enhancements for UMTS

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 22

Evolution of 3GPP2 Standards (mainly USA)

2G technology: 3G technology: Beyond 3G technology:

CDMAone = IS-95 CDMA2000 was: EV-DO Rev.C
now: UMB = Ultra Mobile
EV-DO = Evolution-Data Optimized Broadband;
EV-DV = Evolution-Data/Voice

3GPP2 is the 3G partnership project to promote the US-driven 3G standards

family of cdma2000 in competition to W-CDMA/UMTS of 3GPP
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 23 o
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) Roadmap

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is an US-based

international organization that sets industry standards,
UMTS Networks
like 802.3 Ethernet, 802.11 Wireless11LAN
Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim October 2010 24
3G Applications: Personal Lifestyle

messaging
audio broadcast
music
games
information always on IP:

travel planning
shopping
at home,
banking on the move,

at work
stock trading
chat rooms
video streaming
on demand
mobile TV

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 25

Applications: Location-based Services and Personalized Services
Location-based Services
Position information

Emergency call

Advertisements

Tourist information

Maps and Route planning

Support for sales

Construction plans

Personalized Services
Fast food, chinese, local food, vegetarian

Adaptive quality of video clips and graphics

Advertisements (yes/no/some)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 26

Applications: Mobile Office

E-Mail & Unified Messaging

Schedule Management
File & Database Access
Secure Internet Access
Corporate VPN
Route Planning

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 27

Applications: M-Commerce

M-Commerce will provide people on

the move with:

Mobile Access to Information

- travel updates and route descriptions

Mobile Access to Entertainment

- music and video-on-demand

Mobile Ordering/Reservation of Service

- ticket purchase and hotel reservations

Mobile Financial Services

- stock trading and money transfers

Future revenue model is content and advertising

driven rather than airtime driven
For details on 3G revenue model see: J A Harmer and C D Friel: 3G products -
what will the technology enable? BT Technol J Vol 19 No 1 January 2001.

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 28

 Applications: Push Services (e.g. Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service)

Traditional
Newspaper, TV, Radio

immediate,
Mobile News Channel quick,
selective,
personalized
, ubiquitous

One-to-many is the traditional domain of the media companies

Mobile is starting to penetrate in conjunction with companies like CNN
Increased bandwidth and the evolution of the user interface will
make services like video streaming a reality
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 29
New IP-based services can be created quickly...

... a simple example

Your Personal
Vacation
Planner

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 30 o

 . . . but it is not as simple as it looks

Call Center

Distributed DB
Network SCP
e- Tailer
Controller
Class 4
Switch
SS7
GK

IMT ACD

Trunking
Gateway
e-Shopper IP IP
ATM ATM CTI
Java Server
Applet RAS Access
Gateway IP
Video IP LAN
ATM
Web Server

Access

Web Server Web/Push Server

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 31 o

2G to 3G Evolution: GSM - GPRS - UMTS

ATM based
transport
Base station Base station ISDN
Base station MSC GMSC
controller
GSM Core
GSM (Circuit
RAN switched)
Base station

HLR
GSM AuC
EIR

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 32

2G to 3G Evolution: GSM - GPRS - UMTS

ATM based
transport
Base station Base station ISDN
Base station MSC GMSC
controller
GSM Core
GSM (Circuit
RAN switched)
Base station

HLR
AuC
EIR
GSM+GPRS
SGSN Inter-
net
GPRS Core GGSN
(Packet
Switched)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 33

2G to 3G Evolution: GSM - GPRS - UMTS

ATM based
transport
Base station Base station ISDN
Base station MSC GMSC
controller
GSM Core
GSM (Circuit
RAN switched)
Base station

GSM+GPRS+UMTS R99 HLR

AuC
EIR

Base station
Base station SGSN Inter-
Radio network
controller net
GPRS Core GGSN
Base station UTRAN (Packet
Switched)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 34

2G to 3G Evolution: GSM - GPRS - UMTS

Base station Base station

Base station
controller
GERAN
GSM
Base station
RAN GERAN+UMTS R5 + IMS

IP based
Base station transport
Base station SGSN Inter-
Radio network
controller net
3G Core
GPRS Core GGSN
Base station UTRAN (Packet
Switched)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 35

 IP Multimedia System (IMS)- Architecture (simplified)
Service and Core Architecture is Access Agnostic

Services
MSC/ Common
BTS BSC/RNC IP
UE SGSN/GGSN Common
Core Multimedia
GSM/GPRS RAN Network Service Network (IMS)
(GERAN)
Session MGW
Control Control PSTN

SGSN/ Access Media

NodeB RNC IP Router
UE GGSN Proxy Gateway

UMTS/HSPA RAN

AG Access Gateway
AG FW Firewall
UE PDN GGSN Gateway GPRS Serving
Node
802.11 WiFi PDN Packet Data Network
RAN Radio Access Network
802.16 WiMax SGSN Serving GPRS Serving
FW Node
UE
SIP phone
Cable, ethernet, DSL, etc

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 36 o

 Technical Perspectives: Radio Access Technologies

60GHz 802.20
1000 802.11n Application space
802.16

5GHz PAN/LAN Convergence Ubiquitous TV

Infotainment
100 HIPERLAN/2
HIPERPAN Virtual Homes
802.11a
Max data rate (Mbps)

2.4GHz
HIPERLAN/1 802.11b
10 HSDPA
Video Streaming

802.11
HomeRF UMTS Video data rate
Still Imaging
1 Bluetooth EDGE
High Speed Internet
GPRS Audio Streaming

0,1 Text Messaging

HSCSD

Voice
0,01
1996 1998 2000 2002 2006
product date

Local Area WLAN Wide Area Cellular Personal Area Networks

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 37
 4G Mobile Communication Systems: Radio Integration

Wireless
IP
Satellite
Society
S-UMTS Broadband Broadband
4th Generation W-LAN
DVB-S Bluetooth
Satellite/HAPS Personal DECT
DVB-T
Area Networks IR
DAB UMTS ++
Body LANs Indoor
Broadcasting UMTS Broadband
WFA
GPRS/EDGE Local Area Networks
MBS 60 MWS
GSM
MBS 40 xMDS
Cellular Wireless Local Loop
Quasi-Cellular

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 38 o

4G Mobile Communication Systems: Network Integration

Services and
applications

New radio
interface
download channel
DAB
DVB Wireline
IP based core network xDSL

cellular WLAN
return channel: GSM
IMT-2000 type
e.g. GSM
UMTS

other
entities
short range
connectivity

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 39 o

 4G Mobile Communication Systems: System Integration
full coverage
distribution layer DAB and/or DVB global access
full mobility
not necessary
possible return channels individual links

2G: e.g. full coverage

GSM and hot spots
global roaming
cellular layer full mobility
individual links
IMT-2000
UMTS

local coverage
WLAN hot spots
hot spot layer global roaming
local mobility
individual links

short range
communication
personal network layer (e.g. Bluetooth, DECT )
global roaming
individual links

fixed ( wired) layer X X X X X X X X X X X X X no mobility

global roaming
individual links
horizontal handover within a system vertical handover between systems

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 40 o

ITUs IMT-Advanced: the standards way to 4G

We will come back to the 3G/UMTS evolution path later on !

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 41 o
 5G: Interplanetary Internet

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 42 o

Summary of the Evolution Path (European View)
1G: Analog systems
2G (GSM): global digital personal communication system
FDMA, TDMA, FDD
circuit-switched voice (voice service)
SMS
global roaming
2G+ (GSM+GPRS): introduction of packet-switched data
IP to the terminal; ATM transport in the network
multiplexing of packet-switched data on traffic channels of radio link
IP tunneling in the packet-switched core network
SS7 signaling, AAA, mobility management
QoS: best effort
still ongoing efforts
EDGE: enhanced radio efficiency (adaptive modulation)
GERAN: generalized access network, to connect to 3G core networks

3G (UMTS): packet-switched data

...
UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 43
Summary of the Evolution Path (contd)
2G (GSM): global digital personal communication system

2G+ (GSM+GPRS): introduction of packet-switched data

3G (UMTS): packet-switched data

CDMA-FDD/TDD
predominantly data communication
focus on services and content
all IP transport (3GPP R4): mobile, radio access network, core network
SS7 signaling: AAA, mobility management, etc.
QoS support
seamless service (global roaming)
Enhanced packet data perfromance: HSDPA+HSUPA HSPA
Common Ip-based service architecture (IMS)
4G: Integration of various radio technologies (satellite, broadcast, cellular, WLAN,
BAN)
use of the optimal radio link (w.r.t. spectral efficiency, delay, throughput,
error rate, emission)
IETF protocols for everything (all IP for transport and control)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 44

Important Readings

Books:
Kaaranen, Ahtiainen, Laitinen, Naghian, Niemi: UMTS Networks Architecture, Mobility
and Services. 2nd edition, Wiley, 2005
Walke, Althoff, Seidenberg: UMTS Ein Kurs. J. Schlembach Fachverlag, 2001

Schiller: Mobile Communications (German and English), 2nd ed, Addison-Wesley, 2003

Holma, Toskala: WCDMA for UMTS. 4th edition, Wiley, 2007

Ahonen, Barrett: Services for UMTS: Creating Killer Applications in 3G. Wiley, 2002

Important 3GPP Documents:

21.101 to 21.104: List of standards for Release 3 (R99), 4, 5 and 6, respectively

21.905: UMTS vocabulary and abbreviations

23.002: UMTS network architecture (core network and access network entities)

23.060: GPRS architecture

25.401: UTRAN overview

25.301: Radio link protocols (UTRA)

25.931: UTRAN procedures

(all documents are available at www.3gpp.org)

UMTS Networks Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim 11 October 2010 45