Worksheet

48 (9.1)

Chapter 9 Functions
9.1 Relations and Functions

Summary 1:

A relation is a set of ordered pairs.

The domain of a relation is the set of first components of the

ordered pairs.

The range of a relation is the set of second components of the

ordered pairs.

The ordered pairs of a relation are commonly generated from

graphs, charts, and use of equations.

Warm-up 1. Specify the domain for each relation:

a) {(2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11), (5, 12)}

The domain is { , , , }.

b) {(1, -2), (1, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)}

The domain is { }.

197
 c) { (x, y) y = 2x + 3 }

The variable x can be replaced with any __________

number.
The domain is ____________________.

d) { (x, y) y = x2 + 1 }

The variable x can be replaced with any __________

number.
The domain is ____________________.

e) { (x, y) x = y2 + 1 }
The equation x = y2 + 1 is equivalent to y = .
For the radical to be defined in the real numbers, then
x - 1 _____ 0.
The domain is { x x }.

Worksheet 48 (9.1)

1
f) (x, y) | y =
x -1
The rational expression must be defined in the real
numbers; therefore, x - 1 _____ 0.
The domain is { x x _____ }.

Warm-up 2. Specify the range for each relation:

a) {(2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11), (5, 12)}

The range is { , , , }.

b) {(1, -2), (1, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)}
The range is { , , , , }.

c) { (x, y) y = 2x + 3 }
Since x is any real number, then y can be any
__________ number.
The range is ____________________.

d) { (x, y) y = x2 + 1 }
For all real x, x2 _____. Therefore, y _____.
The range is { y y _____ }.

e) { (x, y) x = y2 + 1 }
Since x 1, y can be any __________ number.
The range is ____________________.

198
 1
f) (x, y) | y =
x -1
1
Since x 1 and 0 because the numerator is
x -1
nonzero, y can be any real number except __________.
The range is { y y _____ }.

Problems - Specify the domain and range for each relation:

1. {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1)} 2. { (x, y) y = x + 3 }

5
3. (x, y)| y = | x | 4. (x, y) | y =
x-3

Worksheet
48 (9.1)

Summary 2:

199
 A function is a relation in which no two ordered pairs have
the
Function
same first
notation: f(x)component.

1. The single letter f is the common symbol used to denote a

function. Any other single letter can be used.
2. The variable x represents an element of the domain.
3. f(x) is translated as "f of x" or "the value of f at x". Within
the context of functions, this notation will never mean f times
x.
4. f(x) replaces the variable y.

Evaluating a function means to substitute the variable x with

a given number to determine a corresponding functional value. It
means the same as finding y given a value for x.

The domain of a function is the set of all possible values for

x.

The range of a function is the set of all corresponding values

for f(x).

Warm-up 3. Specify those relations that are functions:

a) {(2, 5), (3, 8), (4, 11), (5, 12)}

b) {(1, -2), (1, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)}

200
 c) { (x, y) y = 2x + 3 }

d) { (x, y) y = x2 + 1 }

e) { (x, y) x = y2 + 1 }

1
f) (x, y) | y =
x -1

In the above list of relations, warm-up _____,

_____, _____, and _____ are functions.

Worksheet 48 (9.1)

Warm-up 4. Evaluate:

a) If f(x) = 2x + 3, find f(-5).

f(x) = 2x + 3
f( ) = 2( ) + 3
=

f(-5) = _____

Note: -5 is an element of the domain and -7 is an element of the

range.

b) If f(x) = x2 + 1, find f(-4).

f(x) = x2 + 1
f( ) = ( )2 + 1
=

f(-4) = _____

c) If f(x) =
1
x-1
, find f 31 .
1
f(x) =
x-1
1
f( ) =
( )-1
1
=
( )
=

201
 1
f
3
=

Warm-up 5. Specify the domain and range for each

function:

a) f(x) = x2 - 6x + 9

The domain is ____________________.

Worksheet
48 (9.1)

Since this is a parabola opening upwards with vertex

(3, 0),
f(x) _____.
The range is { f(x) f(x) _____ }.

5
b) f(x) = 2
x - 25

The rational expression is undefined when __________

= 0.
The domain is { x x _____ , x _____ }.

The numerator is nonzero; therefore, f(x) _____.

The range is { f(x) f(x) _____ }.

c) f ( x ) = x 2 - 4
The radical is undefined when _______________ < 0.
The domain is { x x _____ or x _____ }.

The values for f(x) will be positive or _____.

The range is { f(x) f(x) _____ }.

Problems

5. Is the relation { (x, y) y = (x - 1)2 + 3 } a function?

6. Is the relation { (x, y) x = (y - 1)2 + 3 } a function?

2
7. If f (x) = , find f(-9).
x-3

8. If f ( x ) = x 2 - 4 , find f(-5).

202
 2
9. Find the domain and range for f ( x ) = - 2
x + 3x

Worksheet 49 (9.2)

9.2 Functions: Their Graphs and Applications

A linear function is in the form f(x) = ax + b where a and

b are real numbers.

The graph of a linear function is a straight line.

Graphing a linear function:

1. Determine two points of the graph.
2. Draw the line determined by the two points.
3. Use a third point as a checkpoint.

A constant function is a linear function where a = 0.

It is a horizontal line.
Note: Vertical lines are not functions.

Summary 1:

203
 Warm-up 1. Graph:

a) f(x) = -2x + 4

x
f(x)

0
2

f(x)

Note: The vertical axis replaces y with f(x) notation.

Worksheet
49 (9.2)

b) f(x) = -2

f(x)

204
Note: This is a constant function graphed by a horizontal line through
the vertical axis at -2.

Problems - Graph:

1. f(x) = 2x - 3 2. f(x) = 2

Worksheet 49 (9.2)

Summary 2:

205
 A quadratic function is in the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c
where a, b, and c are real numbers and a 0.

The graph of a quadratic function is a parabola. Its vertex is

b b b
- , f - and its axis of symmetry is x = - .
2a 2a 2a

Graphing a quadratic function using the form f(x) = ax 2 +

bx + c:

Determine how the parabola opens:

1. If a > 0, then the parabola opens upward.
If a < 0, then the parabola opens downward.

Determine the vertex of the parabola using a, b, and c:

b
2. Evaluate - . This is the x-coordinate of the
2a
vertex.
b
3. Find f - . This is the y-coordinate of the vertex.
2a

Find another point to help accurately graph the parabola:

4. Choose an appropriate x and find f(x) to find
another point on the parabola.

Sketch the graph and label:

5. Plot the vertex. Plot the point from step 4 and its
image across the axis of symmetry. Use a smooth
curve to draw in the parabola.

206
 Worksheet
49 (9.2)

Warm-up 2. Graph:

a) f(x) = x2 + 4x + 3

Determine how the parabola opens:

The parabola opens _______________.

Determine the vertex of the parabola:

b
Evaluate - when a = _____ and b = _____.
2a
b -( )
- =
2a 2( )
= _____

Find f - 2ab or f(-2).
f(x) = x2 + 4x + 3
f(-2) = ( )2 + 4( ) + 3

207
 = _____

The vertex is ( , ).

Find another point:

Let x = -1.
f(x) = x2 + 4x + 3
f(-1) = ( )2 + 4( ) + 3
= _____
Another point is ( , ).
Its image across the axis of symmetry is
( , ).

Sketch the graph:

f(x)

Worksheet 49 (9.2)

b) f(x) = -2x2 + 4x

Determine how the parabola opens:

The parabola opens _______________.

Determine the vertex of the parabola:

b
Evaluate - when a = _____ and b = _____.
2a
b -( )
- =
2a 2( )
= _____

Find f - 2ab or f(1).
f(x) = -2x2 + 4x
f(1) = -2( )2 + 4( )
= _____

The vertex is ( , ).

Find another point:

208
 Let x = -1.
f(x) = -2x2 + 4x
f(-1) = -2( )2 + 4( )
= _____
Another point is ( , ).
Its image across the axis of symmetry is
( , ).

Sketch the graph:

f(x)

Worksheet
49 (9.2)

Problems - Graph:

3. f(x) = x2 + x - 2 4. f(x) = -2x2 - 6x

209
 The vertex of a quadratic function is either the highest or
lowest point on the graph.

The maximum value of a function is the vertex of a parabola

opening downwards. It tells where the maximum occurs,
x, and the maximum value of the function, f(x).

The minimum value of a function is the vertex of a parabola

opening upwards. It tells where the minimum occurs, x,
and the minimum value of the function, f(x).

Summary 3:

Worksheet 49 (9.2)

Warm-up 3. a) A farmer has 148 rods of fencing and wants to

210
enclose a rectangular plot of land that needs only
three sides fenced because the fourth side is
bounded by a stone wall. Find the length and width of the
plot that will maximize the amount of area to be fenced.

Let x = width
________ = length
________ = area

The functional representation of area is:

f(x) = _______________
= -2x2 + 148x

Note: Since this can be graphed as a parabola opening downwards,

its vertex represents a maximum.
a = _____ and b = _____

b -( )
- =
2a 2( )
= _____

The maximum area occurs when the width is

_____ rods.
The length, 148 - 2x, is _____ rods.

Summary 4:

211
 Other Functions
We will restate some of the graphing suggestions discussed in
Chapter 7, to help us graph unfamiliar functions:

1) Determine the domain of the function.

2) Determine any types of symmetry that the equation
possesses. (Note that the definition of a function rules out
the possibility that the graph of a function has x-axis
symmetry.
3) Find the y-intercept and the x-intercept.
4) Set up a table of ordered pairs that satisfy the equation.
5) Plot the points associated with the ordered pairs and
connect them with a smooth curve. If appropriate, reflect
this part of the curve according to any symmetries
possessed by the graph.

Worksheet
49 (9.2)

Warm-up 4. a) Graph f (x) = x-4

Determine the domain of the function:

The radicand must be nonnegative, therefore x - 4 0.

x4
Domain = {x }

There is no symmetry for this graph.

Find the y-intercept: f (0) = 0 - 4

212
 This equation has no real solution, therefore the graph has no y-
intercept.

0= x - 4
Find the x-intercept: 0= x - 4
=x
The x-intercept is ( , )

Set up a table of values:

x f(x)

4 0

6 2

Plot the points and connect with a smooth curve.

f(x)

Worksheet 49 (9.2)

Problem - Use the techniques discussed to graph:

5. f(x) = x + 2
y

213
 Worksheet
50 (9.3)

9.3 Graphing Made Easy Via Transformations

Summary 1:

214
f ( x )= x Graphs
1 of 5 Basic Functions
f ( x ) =2
f(x) =
Domain = { x x x x 0x}
f(x) = x 3
Range = { f(x) f(x)= {0 x} x is
Domain 0a }real number }
Domain Range x={xf(x)
= {Range is=a{real 0
f(x) number
}
f(x) 0 }}
Range = { f(x) f(x) is a real number }

215
Worksheet 50 (9.3)

Translations are rigid transformations of a given curve. The

basic shape of the curve is not changed by shifting up,
down, left, or right.

Vertical Translation:
The graph of y = f(x) + k is the graph of y = f(x) shifted k
units upward if k > 0 or shifted k units downward if k <
0.

Horizontal Translation:
The graph of y = f(x - h) is the graph of y = f(x) shifted h
units to the right if h > 0 or shifted h units left if h <
0.

Summary 2:

Warm-up 1. Graph using either a vertical or horizontal

translation:

a) f(x) = x2 + 2

This is a _______________ translation of f(x) = x2.

f(x)

216
x

Each point in f(x) = x2 is shifted _____ units __________.

f(x)

Worksheet
50 (9.3)

1
b) f ( x ) =
x-2
1
This is a _______________ translation of f(x) = x .
f(x)

217
x

1
Each point in f(x) = x is shifted _____ units to the
__________.

f(x)

Problems - Graph using either vertical or horizontal

translation:

1. f(x) = x3 - 3 2. f(x) = x+3

218
Worksheet 50 (9.3)

Reflections are rigid transformations of a given curve. The

basic shape of the curve is not changed by finding its
mirror image with respect to a given line.

X-axis Reflection:
The graph of y = -f(x) is the graph of y = f(x) reflected
through the x-axis.

Y-axis Reflection:
The graph of y = f(-x) is the graph of y = f(x) reflected
through the y-axis.

Summary 3:

Warm-up 2. Graph using either x-axis or y-axis reflection:

1
a) f(x) = -
x
The graph of f(x) = - 1
x is a reflection of f(x) = _______.
f(x)

219
x

1
Each point of f(x) = x is reflected
through the _______________.

f(x)

Worksheet
50 (9.3)

b) f(x) = - x
The graph of f(x) = -x is a reflection of f(x) =
__________. f(x)

220
x

Each point of f(x) = x is reflected

through the _______________.

f(x)

Problems - Graph using either x-axis or y-axis reflection:

3. f(x) = (-x)2 4. f(x) = -x

221
Worksheet 50 (9.3)

A transformation that narrows or widens the basic shape of a

curve is done by vertical stretching or shrinking.

The graph of y = cf(x) is the graph of y = f(x) where the y-

coordinate is multiplied by a factor of c. If c > 1, then the
graph is stretched by a factor of c. If 0 < c < 1, then the
graph is shrunk by a factor of c.

Summary 4:

Warm-up 3. Graph by vertical stretching or shrinking:

3
1
a) f ( x ) = x or f ( x ) = x3
8 8
The graph of this function is a vertical _______________
of
f(x) = x3.

f(x)

222
x

Every y-coordinate is to be shrunk by a factor of

_____.

f(x)

Worksheet
50 (9.3)

223
 b) f(x) = 2 x

The graph of this function is a vertical _______________

of
f(x) = x .

f(x)

Every y-coordinate is to be stretched by a factor of

_____.

f(x)

224
 Problems - Graph by vertical stretching or shrinking:
1
5. f(x) = | x| 6. f(x) = 3x2
4

Worksheet 50 (9.3)

Warm-up 4. Graph using all appropriate transformations:

a) f(x) = 2 | x - 1 | + 2
The basic curve for this is f(x) = __________.

f(x)

List all the transformations that apply:

____________________
____________________
____________________

Each point of the basic curve is to be shifted

225
__________ by 2 units and right by _____ unit. The y-
coordinate of the point will then be stretched by a
factor of _____.

f(x)

Problem - Graph using all appropriate transformations:

7. f(x) = - x+3 +2

Worksheet
51 (9.4)

226
9.4 Composition of Functions

Summary 1:

Composition of Functions

The composition of functions f and g is defined by (f g)(x) =

f( g(x) ), for all x in the domain of g such that g(x) is in the
domain of f.

(f g)(x) is translated as "the composition of f and g."

f ( g(x) ) is translated as "f of g of x."

Warm-up 1. Find (f g)(x), given f(x) and g(x):

a) Let f (x) = x2 and g(x) = x - 2.

(f g)(x) = f ( g(x) )

= f (x - 2)

Since f (x) = x2

f (x - 2) = ( )2

= _______________

Therefore, (f g)(x) = _______________

227
 Find (f g)(-2).

(f g)(x) = x2 - 4x + 4

(f g)(-2) = ( )2 - 4( )+4

= _____

Worksheet 51 (9.4)
1
b) Let f (x) = and g(x) = x + 5.
2x
(f g)(x) = f ( g (x) )

= f (x + 5)

1
Since f (x) =
2x
1
f(x + 5) =
2( )
=__________

Therefore, (f g)(x) = _______________

Find (f g)(-).

1
(f g)(x) =
2x + 10
1
(f g)(-) = 2( ) + 10

= __________

Warm-up 2. Find (g f)(x), given f(x) and g(x):

a) Let f (x) = x2 and g(x) = x - 2.

(g f)(x) = g( f (x) )

= g( )

228
 Since g(x) = x - 2

g(x2) = ( )-2

Therefore, (g f)(x) = _______________

Worksheet
51 (9.4)

Find (g f)(0).

(g f)(x) = x2 - 2

(g f)(0) = ( )2 - 2

= _____

1
b) Let f(x) = and g(x) = x + 5.
2x
(g f)(x) = g( f (x) )

= g 2x
1

Since g(x) = x + 5

g 2x
1
=

+5

= _______

Therefore, (g f)(x) = _______________

Find (g f)(3).

1
(g f)(x) = +5
2x
1
(g f)(3) = +5
2( )

= _____

Note: Compare the order of the composition of functions in 1a & 2a

229
and 1b & 2b. Composition of functions is not a commutative operation.

Worksheet 51 (9.4)

Problems - Determine (f g)(x) and (g f)(x) for each of the

following:

1. f (x) = x+2 and g(x) = 2x + 5

Find (f g)(9) and (g f)(-2)

230
 Worksheet
51 (9.4)

x
2. f (x) = -2x and g(x) = -
2

Find (f g)(5) and (g f)(-3).

231
Worksheet 52 (9.5)

9.5 Inverse Functions

The vertical line test for functions is used on graphs to

determine when a relation is a function. The graph is said
to pass the vertical line test when any vertical line drawn
through the graph does not intersect the graph in more than
one point. Every value of f(x) has only one value of x
associated with it.

The horizontal line test for one-to-one functions is used on

the graphs of functions to determine when a function is one-
to-one. The graph of the function is said to pass the
horizontal line test when any horizontal line drawn through the
graph does not intersect the graph in more than one point.
There is exactly one value of x associated with each value of f(x).

A relation is a one-to-one function if and only if the graph

passes both the vertical and horizontal line tests.
Note: In a set of ordered pairs, a one-to-one function
contains no ordered pairs with the same first
components or second components.

Summary 1:

232
 Warm-up 1. Identify each graph that passes the vertical line
test and is a function:

a) b)

c) d)

Worksheet
52 (9.5)

Warm-up 2. a) Determine from the functions identified above

those that also pass the horizontal line test and
are one-to-one.

Problems - Determine which of the following are functions

and those functions that are one-to-one.

1. 2.

233
 3. 4.

Worksheet 52 (9.5)

Summary 2:

234
 An inverse function results when the components of each
ordered
The inverse
pair of
function
a given
ofone-to-one
f(x) is denoted
function
by f are
-1
(x):
interchanged.

1. f -1 (x) is read "f inverse of x" or "the inverse of f at x."

2. If (a, b) is an ordered pair of f(x), then (b, a) is an ordered
pair of
f -1 (x).

Relationships between f(x) and f -1

(x):

1. The graphs of f (x) and f -1 (x) are mirror images with

respect to the line y = x.
2. Two functions are inverses when (f f -1 )(x) = x and (f -1

f)(x) = x.

Finding the inverse of a given function:

1. Let y = f (x)
2. Interchange variables x and y.
3. Solve for y in terms of x.
4. Replace y with f -1 (x) notation.

Warm-up 3. Find the inverse function:

235
 a) {(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 7)}

The inverse function is {(3, ), (5, ), (7, )}.

b) f (x) = 2x - 6

y = 2x - 6

x = ______ - 6

y = __________

f -1(x) = __________

Worksheet
52 (9.5)

1 1
c) f (x) = - x+
3 2
1 1
y =- x+
3 2
1 1
x =- y+
3 2
1
(6 ) x = (6 ) - y + ( )( )
3
6x = _______________

y = _______________

f -1(x) = _______________

Problems - Find the inverse function:

5. {(-2, 2), (-1, 3), (0, 4), (1, 5)}

6. f (x) = x3 + 1

x-1
7. f (x) =
2

236
 Warm-up 4. Verify that (f f -1)(x) = x and (f -1 f)(x) = x for
the previously worked warm-up examples:

a) f (x) = 2x - 6 and f -1(x) = 21 x + 3 (See warm-up 3b

above.)
(f f -1)(x) = f ( f -1(x) )

Worksheet 52 (9.5)

Since f (x) = 2x - 6
f ( 2 x + 3 ) = 2(
1
)-6
= _____

Therefore, (f f -1)(x) = _____

(f -1 f)(x) = f -1( f (x) )

Since f -1(x) = 21 x + 3
f -1(2x - 6) = 21 ( )+ 3
= _____

Therefore, (f -1
f)(x) = _____

b) f (x) = - 1
3
x+ 1
2 and f -1(x) = - 3x + 32 (See warm-up 3c
above.)
(f f -1)(x) = f ( f -1(x) )
Since f (x) = - 31 x + 21
f ( - 3x + 32 ) = - 13 ( ) + 21
= _____

Therefore, (f f -1)(x) = _____

(f -1 f)(x) = f -1( f (x) )

Since f -1(x) = - 3x + 32
f -1( - 1
3 x + 21 ) = - 3( ) + 32
= _____

Therefore, ( f -1
f)(x) = _____

237
 Worksheet
52 (9.5)

Problems - Verify that (f f -1

)(x) = x and (f -1 f)(x) = x for
the previously worked problems:

8. f (x) = x3 + 1 and f -1(x) = 3 x - 1 (See problem 6 above.)

x-1
9. f (x) = and f -1(x) = 2x + 1 (See problem 7 above.)
2

Warm-up 5. Graph f(x) and f -1

(x) on the same set of axes for
the previously worked warm-up examples:

a) (See warm-up 3b and 4a.)

f (x) = 2x - 6

x f
(x)

1
4

f -1(x) = 21 x + 3

x f
-1
(x)

-4

238
 2

Note: After graphing both straight lines, graph the line y = x. Notice
how f -1(x) is the mirror image of f (x) through this line.

Worksheet 52 (9.5)

b) (See warm-up 3c and 4b.)

f (x) = - 31 x + 21

x f
(x)

3/2

f -1(x) = - 3x + 32

x f
-1
(x)

-1/2

Note:After graphing both straight lines, graph the line y = x. Notice

-1
how f (x) is the mirror image of f (x) through this line.

Problems - Graph f(x) and f -1

(x) on the same set of axes for
the previously worked problems:

10. (See problem 6 and 8.)

239
 f (x) = x3 + 1 and f -1(x) = 3 x - 1

Worksheet
52 (9.5)

11. (See problem 7 and 9.)

x-1
f (x) = and f -1(x) = 2x + 1
2

240
Worksheet 53 (9.6)

9.6 Direct and Inverse Variation

Summary 1:

241
 Any function that can be written in the form y = kx where k
isFinding
a nonzero
the constant
constant
ofisvariation,
called a direct
k, when
variation.
given values
The
ofconstant
the variables:
of variation is k.

1. Translate into an algebraic statement of the form y = kx.

2. Substitute x and y with the known values.
3. Solve for k.

Finding additional values for the variables:

1. Replace k into the form y = kx.

2. Substitute the value given for one of the variables.
3. Solve for the other variable.

Warm-up 1. a) The circumference of a circle varies directly as its

diameter. Find the constant of variation when
the circumference is 22 cm and the diameter is 7
cm.

Direct variation: y = kx
y can be replaced with C for
circumference.
x can be replaced with d for diameter.

C = kd
22 = k( )
k = _____

The constant of variation is _____.

b) Find the circumference of a circle that has a

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diameter 21 cm long. Use the constant of variation
found in a above.

C = kd
C =( )( )
C=

The circumference is _____ cm, when the

diameter is 21 cm.

Worksheet
53 (9.6)

c) y varies directly as the cube of x. Find the constant

of variation at y = 9 when x = 3.

Direct variation: y = kx3

9 = k( )3
k = _____

The constant of variation is _____.

d) Find x when y = 8. Use the constant of variation in c

above.

y = 31 x 3
______ = 31 x 3
x = ________

When y = 8, x = __________.

Problems

1. The distance a car travels varies directly as the time. Find the
constant of variation if a car travels 204 miles in three hours. Use
the constant of variation to find how long it takes to travel 34
miles.

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 2. y varies directly as the square root of x. Find the constant of
variation at y = 10 when x = 25. Use the constant of variation
to find y when x = 64.

Worksheet 53 (9.6)

Summary 2:

k
Any function that can be written in the form y = where k is
x
a nonzero constant is called an inverse variation. The
constant of variation is k.

Warm-up 2. a) The volume of a gas at a constant temperature

varies inversely as the pressure. Find the constant of
variation when volume is 15 cubic centimeters at 25
pounds of pressure.

k
Inverse variation: y=
x
y can be replaced with V for volume.
x can be replaced with P for pressure.
k
V=
P
k
15 =
( )

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 k=

b) Find the pressure when the volume is 125 cubic

centimeters. Use the constant of variation from a
above.
375
V=
P
375
=
P
P=
The pressure is _____ pounds.

Worksheet
53 (9.6)

Problem

3. y varies inversely as the square of x. Find the constant of

variation at y = 5 when x = 2. Use the constant of variation to
find y when x = 10.

Joint and Combined Variation

A joint variation is a direct variation relating more than two

variables with the same constant: EX. y = kxz; V = khr2

A combined variation is a combination of direct and inverse

variation relating more than two variables with the same
constant:
kV kwz
EX. h = ; y=
w x

Summary 3:

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 Warm-up 3. Write a variation equation for each of the
following:

a) z varies jointly as y and the cube of z.

z = k( )( )

b) a varies directly as b and inversely as the square of

c.
k( )
a=
( )

Problems - Write a variation equation for each of the

following:

4. T varies jointly as V and P.

5. x varies directly as the square root of y and inversely as z.

Worksheet 53 (9.6)

Warm-up 4. a) Solve: If V varies jointly as B and h, and V =

20 when B = 5 and h = 2, find V when B = 25 and
h = 4.

V = kBh Write the joint variation equation.

20 = k(5)(2) Substitute in the first set of values
for V, B, and h.
20 = k
=k Solve for k.

V = kBh Use the joint variation equation again.

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 V = 2( )( ) Use the k find in the above step and
the second
set of values for B and h.
V= Solve for V.

Problem - Solve:

6. If A varies jointly as b and h, and A = 300 when b = 40 and h =

15, find A when b = 10 and h = 8.

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