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N X X X X 1 0,3 1,5 2,7 - 0,9 2 0,78 1,74 2,7 - 0,18

The document describes the Jacobi method for solving a system of linear equations. It provides an example of applying the Jacobi method to a system of 4 equations with 4 unknowns. It then shows the iterative process of updating the estimates of the unknowns over 12 iterations until convergence is reached with the solutions x1=1, x2=2, x3=3, x4=0. The document also provides the pseudocode for the Jacobi algorithm and a MATLAB program implementing the method on the example system.

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Awalia Santi R
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24K views7 pages

N X X X X 1 0,3 1,5 2,7 - 0,9 2 0,78 1,74 2,7 - 0,18

The document describes the Jacobi method for solving a system of linear equations. It provides an example of applying the Jacobi method to a system of 4 equations with 4 unknowns. It then shows the iterative process of updating the estimates of the unknowns over 12 iterations until convergence is reached with the solutions x1=1, x2=2, x3=3, x4=0. The document also provides the pseudocode for the Jacobi algorithm and a MATLAB program implementing the method on the example system.

Uploaded by

Awalia Santi R
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Jacobi

Contoh :
Diketahui persamaan : 10x1 2x2 x3 x4 = 3
-2x1 + 10x2 x3 x4 = 15
-x1 x2 + 10x3 2x4 = 27
-x1 x2 2x3 + 10x4 = -9
Persamaan diatas ditulis kembali, sebagai berikut :
x1 = 0,3 + 0,2 x2 + 0,1 x3 + 0,1 x4
x2 = 1,5 + 0,2 x1 + 0,1 x3 + 0,1 x4
x3 = 2,7 + 0,1 x1 + 0,1 x2 + 0,2 x4
x4 = -0,9 + 0,1 x1 + 0,1 x2 + 0,2 x3
x1 = x2 = x3 = x4 = 0, nilai-nilai tersebut disubstitusikan ke persamaan diatas, maka
diperoleh :
x1 = 0,3 + 0,2(0) + 0,1(0) + 0,1(0) = 0,3
x2 = 1,5 + 0,2(0) + 0,1(0) + 0,1(0) = 1,5
x3 = 2,7 + 0,1(0) + 0,1(0) + 0,2(0) = 2,7
x4 = -0,9 + 0,1(0) + 0,1(0) + 0,2(0) = -0,9
x1 = 0,3, x2 = 1,5, x3 = 2,7, x4 = -0,9
x1 = 0,3 + 0,2(1,5) + 0,1(2,7) + 0,1(-0,9) = 0,78
x2 = 1,5 + 0,2(0,3) + 0,1(2,7) + 0,1(-0,9) = 1,74
x3 = 2,7 + 0,1(0,3) + 0,1(1,5) + 0,2(-0,9) = 2,7
x4 = -0,9 + 0,1(0,3) + 0,1(1,5) + 0,2(2,7) = -0,18
x1 = 0,78, x2 = 1,74, x3 = 2,7, x4 = -0,18
x1 = 0,3 + 0,2(1,74) + 0,1(2,7) + 0,1(-0,18) = 0,9
x2 = 1,5 + 0,2(0,78) + 0,1(2,7)+ 0,1(-0,18) = 1,908
x3 = 2,7 +0,1(0,78) + 0,1(1,74) + 0,2(-0,9) = 2,916
x4 = -0,9 + 0,1(0,78) + 0,1(1,74)+ 0,2(2,7) = -0,108

jika proses tersebut dilanjutkan terus akan diperoleh hasil seperti berikut :
n x1 x2 x3 x4
1 0,3 1,5 2,7 -0,9
2 0,78 1,74 2,7 -0,18
3 0,9 1,908 2,916 -0,108
4 0,9624 1,9608 2,9592 -0,036
5 0,845 1,9848 2,9851 -0,0158

Dengan metode jacobi dengan 12 iterasi diperoleh :


x1 = 1, x2 = 2, x3 = 3, x4 = 0

1. Algoritma program jacobi


Input : A, n, b, dan hampiran awal Y = (y1 y2 y3 ... yn)T, batas toleranssi T dan
maksimum iterasi N.
Output : x = (x1 x2 x3 ... xn)T atau pesan gagal
Langkah langkah :
1) Set perhitungan iterasi k = 1
2) While k<=N do
a) For I = 1, 2, 3, ..., n, hitung xi = bi j aijYij/aii
b) Set x = (x1 x2 x3 ... xn)T
c) If x y < T then stop
d) K = k + 1
e) For I = 1, 2, 3, ..., n, set yi = xi
f) Set y = (y1 y2 y3 ... yn)T

2. Program metode jacobi beserta persen kesalahan


Program Jacobi
clear all;
clc;
disp('metode jacobi');
a=input('masukkan batas iterasi=');
x=0;
y=0;
z=0;
w=0;
fprintf('%5s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\n','iterasi','x','y','z','w','persen
x','perseny','persenz','persenw');
for k=1:1:a
xi=x;
x1=(3+(2*y)+z+w)/10;
xj=x1;
persenx=abs((xj-xi)/xj*100);
yi=y;
y1=(15+(2*x)+z+w)/10;
yj=y1;
perseny=abs((yj-yi)/yj*100);
zi=z;
z1=(27+x+y+(2*w))/10;
zj=z1;
persenz=abs((zj-zi)/zj*100);
wi=w;
w1=(-9+x+y+(2*z))/10;
wj=w1;
persenw=abs((wj-wi)/wj*100);
x=x1;
y=y1;
z=z1;
w=w1;
fprintf('%5.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f\n',k,x,y,z,w,p
ersenx,perseny,persenz,persenw);
end

Hasil program
Simpson
9
Contoh : hitung 1 1/ dx dengan satu pias
Penyelesaian :
1+ 3.3/11+ 3.3/19+ 1/9
I = (9 1) = 2,40297714
8

Besarnya kesalahan adalah :


2,19722,40297714
= x 100% = -9,36420267%
2,1972

Aturan 3/8
Input :
Fungsi(x), batas bawah (a), batas atas (b)
Output : nilai
Langkah-langkah :
1) h = (b a)/3
2) c = a + h
3) d = a + 2h
4) rumus = (b a).((fa + 3fc + 3fd + fb)/8)
program
clear all;
clc;
syms x;
f=input('masukkan persamaan=');
a=input('masukkan batas bawah=');
b=input('masukkan batas atas=');
e=int(f);
h=(b-a)/3;
c=a+h;
d=a+(2*h);
fa=subs(f,x,a);
fb=subs(f,x,b);
fc=subs(f,x,c);
fd=subs(f,x,d);
rumus=(b-a)*((fa+(3*fc)+(3*fd)+fb)/8);
bb=subs(e,x,a);
ba=subs(e,x,b);
in=ba-bb;
err=abs(in-rumus)/in*100;
fprintf('nilainya=%10.8f\n',rumus);
fprintf('persen kesalahan=%10.8f\n',err);
hasil
Flowchart jacobi

START

disp('metode
jacobi');
a=input('masukkan
batas iterasi=');

x=0;
y=0;
z=0;

fprintf('%5s%10s%10s%10s
%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\
n','iterasi','x','y','z','w','persenx'
,'perseny','persenz','persenw');

for k=1:1:a

xi=x;
x1=(3+(2*y)+z+w)/10;
xj=x1;
persenx=abs((xj-xi)/xj*100);
yi=y;
y1=(15+(2*x)+z+w)/10;
yj=y1;
perseny=abs((yj-yi)/yj*100);
zi=z;
z1=(27+x+y+(2*w))/10;
no zj=z1;
persenz=abs((zj-zi)/zj*100);
wi=w;
w1=(-9+x+y+(2*z))/10;
wj=w1;
persenw=abs((wj-wi)/wj*100);
x=x1;
y=y1;
z=z1;
w=w1;

fprintf('%5.2f%10.2f%10.2f%
10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%10.2f%
10.2f%10.2f\
n',k,x,y,z,w,persenx,perseny,p
ersenz,persenw);

END
Flowchart simpson

START

syms x;

f=input('masukkan
persamaan=');
a=input('masukkan batas
bawah=');
b=input('masukkan batas
atas=');

e=int(f);
h=(b-a)/3;
c=a+h;
d=a+(2*h);
fa=subs(f,x,a);
fb=subs(f,x,b);
fc=subs(f,x,c);
fd=subs(f,x,d);
rumus=(b-a)*((fa+(3*fc)+(3*fd)+fb)/8);
bb=subs(e,x,a);
ba=subs(e,x,b);
in=ba-bb;
err=abs(in-rumus)/in*100;

fprintf('nilainya=%
10.8f\n',rumus);
fprintf('persen
kesalahan=%10.8f\
n',err);

END

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