MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION CO. LTD.

DETAILED SPECIFICATION
The detailed specifications for various items described below are to be taken as
guide lines. The work is to be carried out in accordance with the description
mentioned in the wording of the item and the relevant drawings issued with the
tender. Generally, description in Schedule B will prevail. However, in case of
difference in the opinion between the contractor and the Engineer-In-Charge and in
case there is any difference between the drawing, detailed specifications and
wording of the item, the decision of the Chief Engineer, Design Contract &
Monitoring , M.S.E.T.C.L., Mumbai shall be final, conclusive and binding on the
contractor.
The works are to be executed in accordance with the specifications mentioned in
the Standard Specification (Red) Book published by the Government of
Maharashtra together with the relevant Indian standard specification referred
therein. Whether there is difference in the size, quality and quantity of materials to
be used in wording of standard specification book and the description of the item in
schedule of this tender, the sizes quality and quantity of the material to be used
shall be as per the wording of the item in schedules of this tender.
Samples of all materials proposed to be utilized in the works shall be got approved
well in advance.
The works include clearing of the site before the commencement of works, setting
out the works, establishment of centre lines and the bench marks firmly, clearing
and cleaning of the works and surrounding area and clearing the construction debris
laying at site after completion without any extra cost to the department.
The various rates quoted in the tender shall be treated as inclusive of all labour,
material, transport charges, lifts, taxes, duties, royalties etc. to give a completed and
finished item. Nothing extra on any account is payable. Extra lift above or below
ground level is also not payable.
The various item numbers given in schedule B are to be co- related for respective
items of detailed specifications since the item numbers mentioned in Schedule B
are different than those mentioned in detailed specifications. No
complaint/difference of opinion shall be entertained only on the ground that detailed
specification for any particular item does not appear together with the respective
item of Schedule B.

Signature of Contractor
Name :
Address :

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION CO. LTD.
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS
A.2. CEMENT
Cement :- Cement shall conform to I.S. 8112-1989.
The type of cement as to whether it shall be Ordinary, Rapid Hardening or Low Heat
shall be specified. When no type is specified, Ordinary Portland cement shall be
used.
A.2.1 The weight of Ordinary Portland cement shall be taken as 1442 kg. per cum. The
measurement of proportion of cement should normally on the basis of weight and
bags, each undisturbed and sealed 50 kg. bag being considered equivalent to 35
litres in volume. When part bag is required, cement shall be taken by weight. When
the basis of mix is by volume, cement will be taken by weight, assuming 35 litres to
be equal to 50 kg. Care should be taken to see that each bag contains full quantity
of cement.
A.2.2 Test :- When tests are considered necessary, those shall be carried out as
indicated in I.S. 8112-1989. The contractor should ensure that the cement is of
sound and required quality before using it.
A.2.3 Storage :- Cement required for use shall be as fresh as possible and on planks
raised 15 to 20 cm. above the floor and stacked 30 cm. away from the walls in
suitable closed weather- proof buildings at the work site or at the selected approved
site, in such a manner as to prevent deterioration by dampness or moist
atmosphere or intrusion of foreign matter, cement shall be stored in such a way as
to allow the removal and use of cement in chronological receipt of cement i.e. first
received being first used. Not more than 15 bags shall be stacked vertically in one
pile and maximum width of the piles should not be more than 3 meters. Any cement
which has deteriorated caked or which has been damaged shall not be used.
Cement concerning which there is doubt, shall not be used pending testing and
satisfactory results. Cement that is condemned shall be immediately removed form
the work site. When temporarily stored in the open or use within 48 hours, it shall be
kept on a platform of planks about 15 cm. to 20 cm. above ground and covered with
a tarpaulin. Ordinary cement stored for more than 2 months from the date of receipt
from the factory shall be subjected to test and used only if found satisfactory. The
cost of tests shall be borne by the agency responsible for the storage after two
months from receipt. Different kinds or brands of cement or cement of the same
brand form different mills should be stored in separate groups and should not be
mixed during use except when writing by the Engineer. Cement shall be kept in
store under double allocating arrangement of the Department. A board indicating
stock and daily transactions of cement shall be kept in each room of the cement
store. Daily account of receipt and use of cement bags shall be maintained by the
Contractor in the proforma approved by the Engineer. This shall be kept in the store
for verification by the supervising Department staff. Copies of the records shall be
supplied to the Engineer regularly.
A.2.4 The cement shall not be stored for unduly long periods. It should not be handled in
such a way as to impair its strength or useful characteristics.

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A.2.5 Measurement - When required to be measured, measurement shall be by on the
basis of weight with Metric ton as a unit.
A.4. NEERU
A.4.1 General: These specifications cover neeru to be used for plaster finishes in building
work.
A.4.2 Materials: 1) Lime - Class C lime (i.e. pure fat lime) as mentioned in I. S. 712-1973
shall be used. Lime shall comply with specification No. A-1 in all respects.
2) Water - Water shall conform to specification No. A.5
3) Sand - Sand shall conform to specification No. A.6
All sand shall pass through I. S. sieve No. 50 (0.599 mm.).
A.4.3 Preparation: Lime shall be slaked and mixed with sufficient water to form a thick
paste. It shall be reduced to a fine paste by grinding. It shall then be passed through
a fine sieve (3 mm. mesh) to remove all unslaked particles and foreign matter and
allowed to mellow under water for at least 10 days in large slaking tanks. The
surplus water on the top shall be allowed to run off. The slaked lime paste thus
formed shall be used for preparing neeru.
The neeru shall be prepared by mixing together 4 parts of this lime paste and 1 part
of fine sieved sand by volume. Jute fibre finely chopped shall be added to the above
mortar at the rate of 4 kg. of jute to every cu. metre of lime-sand mixture (or 1 lb. of
jute for every 4 c. ft. of lime sand mixture). The mixture shall then be properly
ground to a fine paste between two stones or a mill.
The neeru thus prepared shall be kept mosit until used and no more than what can
be consumed in 15 days shall be prepared at a time.
A.4.4 Measurement: When required to be measured, measurement shall be by volume
with cu. metre as the unit.
A.5. WATER
A.5.1 Water for mixing cement/lime mortar or cement/lime concrete: Water for mixing
cement/lime mortar or concrete shall not be salty or brackish and shall be clean,
reasonably clear and free from objectionable quantities of silt and traces of oil, acid
and injurious alkali, salts, organic matter and other deleterious material which will
either weaken the mortar or concrete or cause efflorescence or attack the steel in
R.C.C. water shall be obtained from sources approved by the engineer sources of
water shall be maintained at such a depth and the water shall be withdrawn in such
a manner as to exclude silt, mud, grass or other foreign materials. Containers for
transport, storage and handling of water shall be clean.
If required by the Engineer, it shall be tested by compression with distilled water.
Comparison shall be made by means of standard cement tests for soundness, time
of setting and mortar strength as specified in I.S. 8112-1989. Any indication of
unsoundness, change in time of setting by 30 minutes or more, or decrease of more
than 10 per cent in strength of mortar prepared with distilled water shall be sufficient
cause for rejection of water tested. sea water shall not be used.
Water fit for drinking will generally be found suitable for mixing cement/lime mortar
or concrete.

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A.5.2 Water for curing cement/lime mortar or concrete: Water for curing mortar or
concrete should not be too acidic or too alkaline. It should have a pH value ranging
between 4.55 to 8.5. It shall be free of elements which significantly affect the
hydration reaction or otherwise interfere with the hardening of mortar or concrete
during curing or those which produce objectionable stains or other unsightly
deposits on concrete or mortar surfaces. Hard and bitter water containing more than
100 p.p.m. of sulphates shall not be used for curing purpose.
Sea water and water containing over 3 per cent of chloride salts should not be used
for curing reinforced concrete work.
Potable water will generally be found suitable for curing cement/lime mortar or
concrete.

A.6. FINE AGGREGATE

A.6.1 General - All fine aggregate shall conform to I.S. 383-1963 and relevant portion of
I.S. 515-1959 as directed by the Engineer.
A.6.2 Sand for use in concrete work shall be natural sand or crushed stone screenings.
Sand shall be clean, well graded, hard, strong, durable and gritty particles free from
injurious amounts of dust, clay, kankar nodules, soft or flaky particles, shale, alkali,
salts, organic matter, loam, mica or other deleterious substances and shall be
approved by the Engineer. The maximum size of particles shall be limited to 5 mm.
where best trap sand available in the region contains murum or laterite particles,
such particles may be allowed upto 5 percent. Zeolite crystals may also be
permitted upto 4 percent. If the fine aggregate contains more than 4 percent of clay,
dust or silt it shall be washed. When the quality of fine aggregate is doubtful, it shall
be tested for clay, organic impurities and other deleterious substances as laid down
in I.S. 383-1963. It shall not contain deleterious materials in such quantity as to
reduce the strength or durability of the mortar or concrete or to attack the
reinforcement in the case of reinforced concrete work. sea sand shall not be used.
A.6.3 The fine aggregate for concrete shall be graded within limits given in table III or
table IV in paragraph 5-2 of the I.S. 383-1963. The fineness modules may range
between 2.6 to 3.6. If substitution of a certain quantity of stone screenings will
improve the quality of concrete, the Engineer may allow it.
A.6.4 The fine aggregate for cement mortar for masonry and first coat of plaster should
generally satisfy the following gradings :
I.S. Sieve Percentage by weight
Passing sieve
480 100
240 80 - 95
120 70 - 90
60 40 - 85
30 5 - 50
15 0 - 10
The fineness modulus shall not exceed 3.0.
A.6.5 The fine aggregate for cement mortar for fine joints of Ashlar masonry, pointing and
second coat of plaster may have the following grading :
I.S.Sieve Percentage by weight
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 Passing sieve
480 100
240 100
120 75 - 100
60 40 - 85
30 5 - 50
15 0 - 10
The fineness modulus shall not exceed 1.6.
I.S. 1542-1960 shall generally apply for sand for plaster.
A.6.6 Gradation : The gradation of materials from any one source shall not vary in
composition beyond the range of values that governs, in selecting source of supply.
For determining the degree of uniformity, determination of fineness modulus shall
be made upon representative samples furnished by the contractor from such source
as he proposes to use. Fine aggregate from any one source having a variation in
fineness modulus greater than + 0.20 from average fineness modulus of the
representative samples submitted by the contractor shall be rejected or may be
accepted subject to such changes in the proportion of aggregate as the Engineer
may direct
A.6.7 Storage : The fine aggregate should be stacked carefully on a clean, hard surface
so that it will not get mixed up with deleterious foreign material.
Sand shall not be stacked in high conical heaps so that segregation of heavier
particles by sliding down may be prevented. It shall be placed in layers not
thicker than those resulting from lorry loads dumped on the same plane.
A.6.8 Tests : The aggregate shall satisfy the tests referred to in I.S. 383- 1963. Samples
of sand to be used for a particular item shall be got approved by the Engineer who
shall keep it in his office for reference.
A.6.9 Royalty : The contractor shall be responsible for observing the laws, rules and
regulations imposed under the Minor Minerals act and such other laws and rules
prescribed by Government Departments such as Forest and revenue and by
competent Local Authorities Royalty, etc. payable for securing the material shall be
paid by the contractor subject to general conditions of contract.
Where rules permit refund of Royalty for use of the materials in Government work
the Engineer will pass a certificate for the quantity so used.
No royalty shall be charged when the material is allowed to be obtained from
Departmental quarry.
A.6.10 Measurement : When required to be measured, measurement shall be by volume
with cu. meter as the unit. No deduction shall be made for the voids.
A.7. COARSE AGGREGATE
A.7.1 Coarse aggregate shall consist of crushed or broken stone and be hard, strong,
dense, durable, clean, of proper gradation and free from skin and coating likely to
prevent proper adhension of mortar. The aggregate shall generally be cubical in
shape and as far as possible flaky, elongated pieces shall be avoided. Unless
special stones of particular quarries are mentioned in the special provisions,
aggregates shall be broken from the best trap/granite/quartzite/gneiss stones in that
order available in the region and approved by the Engineer. Stone shall have no
deleterious reaction with cement. Shingle of the appropriate grading may be

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 permitted to be substituted for some proportion of the metal without price
adjustment if it is shown that thereby strength of concrete is increased and
workability improved.
A.7.2 The maximum size of the aggregates may be upto 80mm in such proportions as to
give maximum density to the concrete. The maximum size should be as large as
possible within the above limit but should not exceed 1/4 of the minimum thickness
of the member, provided however this size presents no difficulty in the case of
R.C.C. to surround the reinforcement thoroughly and fill up the corners of the form
work satisfactorily. In the case of general concrete work, a maximum size of 40 mm
is used and in R.C.C. work a maximum size of 20 mm will be found satisfactory, but
it should be restricted to 6 mm. less than the minimum lateral clear distance
between bars or 6 mm. less than the cover, whichever is smaller.
The crushing strength of aggregate will be such as to allow the concrete in which it
is used to build up the specified strength of concrete.
A.7.3 Approximate range in grading of coarse aggregate may be as under :
Maximum size Nominal Percentage of coarse aggregate fraction
of Agreegate Range
40 mm to 20 mm to 5 mm to 10 mm to 5 mm to
809 mm 840mm 20 mm 20 mm 10 mm

20 mm 100 55-67 33-45

40 mm 40-50 50-60 28-40 18-30

80 mm 20-36 16-36 35-44 10-30 13-29
Grading tests shall be taken in the beginning and at change of source or machinery
or type of metal. Where required by the Engineer, tests indicated in I.S. 383-1963
and I.S. 456-1964 shall be got carried out in an approved laboratory at the
contractors cost to show the acceptability of the material.
A.7.4 Coarse aggregate of a porous nature where absorption of water after 24 hours
immersion in water, is more than 5 per cent. by weight shall not be used.
A.7.5 Limits of deleterious substances shall not exceed those prescribed in 2.3.1.1. and
2.3.1.2 of I.S. 515-1959.
A.7.6 Storage - The aggregates of different sizes shall be stored separately and handled
in such a manner as to prevent intermixing of different mixes of aggregates required
separately for grading purposes. No foreign matter shall be allowed to be mixed up
with aggregates. If covered with dust, etc., they shall be washed clean before use.
A.7.7 Royalty, etc. - The contractor shall be responsible for observing the laws, rules and
regulations imposed under the Minor Minerals Act and such other rules prescribed
by Government Departments such as Forest and Revenue and by competent local
Authorities. Royalty, etc., payable in connection with securing the materials shall be
paid by the contractor subject to general conditions of the contract.
Where rules permit refund of Royalty for use of the materials in Government work,
the Engineer will pass a certificate for the quantity so used.

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 The Contractors shall be entirely responsible for operating existing quarries or
opening new quarries including removal of over-burden shall bear all costs
pertaining to them.
In the case of Departmental quarries, operations shall be carried out in such a way
that their further usefulness is not affected. No Royalty will be charged when the
material is allowed to be obtained from a Departmental quarry.
When the quarries are not owned by the Department, the contractor shall be
responsible for securing the written consent of the land owners for opening new
quarries or working old ones and for payment of all compensation, Royalty etc.
Samples of coarse aggregates requires for the work shall be got approved by the
Engineer both regarding quality and shall be kept in Engineers office. The coarse
aggregate to be used shall conform to those samples.
A.7.8 Blasting :- Blasting shall be carried out according to instructions laid down in
specification No. B.2.
A.7.9 Measurement :- When required to be measured, the measurement shall be by
volume with cu. meter as the unit. No deduction shall be made for voids.
A.8. STONE FOR MASONRY AND PITCHING
A.8.1 Stone to be used in the masonry and pitching work shall be trap, granite, quartzite,
gnesis, literates or any other type of good stones that may be specified in the item.
In the absence of mention of a special type in the item or the special provision,
good trap, granite, quartzite, or gnesis stones in that order available in the region
and known to be satisfactory in use in view shall be used. The stone shall stand
weathering well and when immersed in water for 24 hours shall not absorb water
more than 5 per cent. of its dry weight when tested according to I.S. 1124-1957. The
stone of the required quality shall be obtained form quarries specified in the contract
or quarries approved by the Engineer. All stones shall generally be freshly quarried.
Laterite stone should be compact in texture and the mottled and streaked colours
pervading it should not be very unevenly distributed. Those types in which clay
occurs should not be used as building stone. Laterite stones exposed to weather to
harden for some time should be preferred. It should not be used where subject to
great pressure and liable to be soaked with water.
A.8.2 Quality of face stones :- The stones to be used in the face shall be tough, hard,
dense, sound and durable, resistant to weathering action, reasonably fine graded,
uniform in colour and texture and free from seams cracks or other defects which
would adversely affect the strength, durability or appearance. They shall also be
free from weathered portion and skin. The exposed faces shall be entirely free any
type of discoloration. Preferably stone shall be form a quarry the product of which is
known to be satisfactory quality in use. Stones, shall generally be freely quarried
with clean faces and sharp edges shall be of such a character that it can be wrought
to such lines and surfaces, whether curved or plane as may be required. Size and
shape of stones shall be as per the requirements of each item.
A.8.3 Quality of rubble stones :- Rubble stones for heating shall be of approved quality,
sound, hard, dense and durable, free form segregation, seams, cracks, weathered
portions and other structural defects or imperfections tending to affect their
soundness and strength. Stones shall generally be freshly quarried with sharper
edges and clean faces. They shall be free from rounded, worn or weathered

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 surfaces or skin or coating which prevents the adherence of mortar. Size and
shape of stone shall be as per the requirement of each item.
A.8.4 Quality of other stones :- Stone to be used as headers, pin-headers, quoins,
coping, etc., shall comply with the requirements of facing and hearing stone as may
be relevant and shall further comply with the requirement of size and shape
stipulated under the relevant item.
A.8.5 Samples :- Samples of stone so to be used in the work shall be got approved by
the Engineer before the work is started and such samples shall be maintained in the
Engineers office.
A.8.6 Royalty, Octroi duties etc. :- Royalties, compensations, octroi duties, etc., payable
in connection with securing the stones shall be paid by the contractor subject to
conditions laid down in the general conditions of contract. The contractor shall be
responsible for observing laws, rules and regulations imposed under the Minor
Minerals Act and such other rules, etc., laid down by Government Department and
Local Authorities.
Where rules permit refund of royalty for use of the materials in Government work,
the Engineer will pass a certificate for the quantity so used. No royalty will be
charged when the materials are allowed to be obtained from Departmental quarries.
In the case of Departmental quarries, operations will be carried out in such a way
that their further usefulness is not affected.
The contractor will be entirely responsible for operating existing quarries or opening
new quarries including removal of overburden and shall near all costs pertaining to
them.
Where the quarries are not owned by the Department the contractor shall be
responsible for securing the written consent of the owners for opening new quarries
and working old ones and for payment of all compensation, royalty, etc. The stones
whatever their source shall be of the specified quality.
A.8.7 Blasting :- Blasting shall be carried out according to instructions laid down in
specification No. B.2
A.8.8 Measurement :- When required to be measured, measurement shall be by volume,
length of numbers as the case may be with cu. meter, meter and one as the
respective unit.
In case of rubble the measurement shall be by volume of stacks without deductions
for voids.
In case of Khandkies the measurements shall be by length.
In case of stones such as the quoins, arch stones, etc., measurement shall be by
numbers for specified sizes.
In case of stones such as the slabs, coping stones, etc., the measurement shall be
by volumes for specified dimensions.
For pitching work measurements will be on square meter basis.
A.9. BRICKS
A.9.1 First-Class Bricks :- First-class bricks shall be of regular and uniform size, shape
and colour, uniformly well burnt throughout but not over- burnt. They shall have
plane rectangular faces with parallel sides and sharp, straight and right angled

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 edges. They shall be free form cracks or other flaws. They shall have a frog of 10
mm. depth on one of their flat faces.
A.9.1.1 They shall give a clear metallic ringing sound when struck.
A.9.1.2 They shall show a fine grained, uniform, homogeneous and dense texture on
fracture and be free form lumps of lime, laminations, cracks, air-holes, soluble salts
causing efflorescence or other usefulness for the purpose intended.
They shall not have any part under-burnt. They shall not break when thrown on the
ground on their flat face in a saturated condition form a height of 60 cm.
A.9.1.3 Size :- The size of the conventional bricks may vary form about 22.23 cm. x 10.64
cm. x 10.64 cm. x 6.67 cm to 22.86 cm. x 10.80 cm. x 7.62 cm. Only bricks of one
standard size shall be used on one work unless specially permitted by the Engineer.
The following tolerances are permitted in the standard conventional size adopted on
a particular work.
Length - plus or minus 33 mm.
Breadth - plus of minus 1.5 mm
Depth - plus or minus 1.5 mm
(b) When I.S. bricks are used they shall copy with I.S. 1077- 1966.
A.9.1.4 Absorption :- After immersion in water, absorption by weight shall not exceed 20
per cent of the dry weight of the brick when tested according to I.S.S. No. 1077-
1966.
A.9.1.5 Crushing Strength :- The load to crush the brick when dry shall not be less than
43.7 kg. sq.cm. and when thoroughly soaked, shall not be less than 32.8 kg/sq.cm.
A.9.1.6 Tests :- When bricks are to be used in high load bearing walls, where the load
coming on the walls is of the order of 4.37 kg. per sq.cm. and more, where there is a
doubt about the 'crushing strength of the bricks, the Engineer may order the
compression testes as laid down in I.S. 1077-1966. If different kilns use different
materials and methods of burning, one test shall be made for each group of kilns
using the same type of materials and methods of burning. If the average strength is
less than that mentioned in 1.5 above, the bricks from the kiln represented by the
sample shall be rejected. All tests shall be done at the cost of the contractor.
A.9.2 Second-class Bricks :-
(a) Second-class brick shall be similar to first- class bricks except that they may be
slightly over-burnt and may not have very sharp edges. Tolerance in depth shall be
plus or minus 3 MM. Absorption of water where immersed in water shall not exceed
When tested according to I.S. 1077-1966. Crushing strength may be 10 per cent
less than that prescribed for First-class bricks.
All other provisions specified for first-class bricks shall also apply to second-class
bricks.
(b) When I.S. bricks are used they shall comply with relative provisions for second-
class bricks in I.S. 1077-1966.
A.10. MILD STEEL BARS FOR REINFORCEMENT
A.10.1 Material : Mild Steel Reinforcement bars : Mild steel bar reinforcement for R.C.C.
work shall conform to I.S. 432-1966 and shall be of the tested quality of not less
than Grade I. It shall also comply with the relevant part of I.S. 456-1964.

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 All the reinforcement shall be clean and free form dirt, oil, paint, grease, mill scale or
loose or thick rust at the time of placing.
The contractor shall produce a test certificate of the manufacturer.
If independent tests are considered necessary, they shall be carried out according
to I.S. 1251 and 1608-1960. The cost of such tests shall be borne by the contractor.
Bars or rods re-rolled from scrap steel shall not be used unless tests show that they
fully comply with the I.S. 432-1966.
A.10.2 Storage :- Reinforcement steel shall be stored above ground surface upon
platforms, skids or other supports to avoid desertion and sags of long lengths and
shall be protected as far as practicable, from surface deterioration by direct contact
with undesirable elements or by exposure to conditions producing rust and
corrosion. All bars of the same designation shall be stacked separately in racks and
distinctly marked.
A.10.3 Measurement :- When required to be measured, measurement shall by weight with
quintal or tonne as the unit. The bars may be directly weighted or the weights shall
be calculated according to standard weights mentioned in the ISI Hand Book correct
upto 0.10 kg.
A.10 (a) HIGH TENSILE STEEL BARS (Twisted)
The high tensile steel bars for use in pre-stressed concrete work shall conform to
I.S. 2090-1962.
The storage shall conform to A.10.2.
The tensile strength of the high tensile steel bars shall be as specified in the special
provisions of the item. In the absence of the given strength the minimum ultimate
strength shall be taken as 100 kg/sq.mm.
Measurement shall conform to A.10.3.
A.11. STRUCTURAL STEEL
A.11.1 All structural steel shall conform to I. S. 226-1969 and I. S. 800-1962. The steel
shall be free from defects mentioned in I. S. 226-1969 and I. S. 800-1962. The steel
shall be free from defects mentioned in I. S. 226-1962 and shall have a smooth
uniform finish. It shall be straightened if necessary, in the mill before shipment.
Material shall be free from loose mill scale, rust-pits or other defects affecting its
strength and durability. Rivet bars shall conform to I. S. 1148-1973.
A.11.2 Storage : Structural steel shall be stored above surface of the ground upon
platforms, skids or other suitable supports to avoid distortion of sections in long
length and shall be protected as far as practicable from surface deterioration by
direct contact with harmful elements or exposure to conditions producing rust and
corrosion. It should be so stored and handled that the material will not be subject to
excessive stress and damage.
A.11.3 Straightening : All deformed structural material will be properly straightened by
methods which are not injurious prior to being laid off, punched or otherwise worked
in the shop. Sharp kinks and bends shall be cause for rejection.
A.11.4 Tests: When the steel is supplied by the contractor, test certificates of the
manufactures shall be produced. If further tests be necessary, they will be done
according to I. S. 226-1969 and I. S. 1521-1972, 1608-1972; the cost of such tests

10
 will be born by the Department if the results are satisfactory and by the contractor if
the results are unsatisfactory.
A.11.5 Measurement : The sections shall be supplied in specified exact lengths, smoothly
cut to the required lines. The lengths of sections shall be measured correct to a
centimeter and weight calculated on the basis of standard weights prescribed by I.
S. I. for each relevant section correct up to 0.10 of a kg. Tolerances mentioned in I.
S. 226-1969 shall be applicable unless other tolerances are prescribed in the
specifications of any particular item.
The Contract rate shall be for a unit of one quintal (220 lbs. approx.) or one tonee
(2,200 lbs. approximately).
A.15. MILD STEEL BINDING WIRE
A.15.1 The mild steel wire shall be of 1.63 mm. or 1.22 mm (16 or 18 gauge) diameter and
shall conform to I.S. 280-1962.
The use of black of galvanized wire will be permitted for binding reinforcement bars.
It shall be free form rust, oil, paint, grease, loose mill scale or any other undesirable
coating which will prevent adhesion of cement mortar.
A.15.2 Storage :- The wire coils shall be stored above ground platform or other supports
and protected form surface deterioration by direct contact with harmful elements or
by exposure to conditions producing rust or corrosion.
A.15.3 Measurement and Payment :- No measurements will be taken of the wire used for
tightening reinforcement bars. The rate of reinforcement steel and its fabrication
shall incur the cost of the binding wire.
A.15.4 Measurement :- When required to be measured, measurement shall be by weight
and quintal or ton as the unit. The wire shall be measured correct up to 0.10 kg.
A.16. TIMBER
A.16.1 General : The specifications cover the requirements of good quality timber to be
used for various works. When the kind of wood is not specially mentioned, good
Indian Teak ( Tectona Grandis) alone shall be used.
A.16.2 Quality : Timber to be used in building works shall be from the heart of a sound tree
of mature growth, the sapwood being entirely removed. It shall be uniform in
substance, straight in fiber, free form large, loose dead or cluster knots, flaws,
shakes, wrap, cup, spring, twist, bends or defects of any kind. It should be free form
spongy, brittle, flaky or brush condition, sapwood and borer holes.
All timber shall be seasoned and be free decay, rot, harmful fungal and insect
attacks and from any other damage of harmful which will affect the strength,
durability, appearance or its usefulness for the purpose for which it is required.
A.16.3 Colour : The colour should be uniform as far as possible, the darkness of colour
amongst coloured surface of timber being generally a sign of strength and durability.
A.16.4 Kinds : Timber shall be of the species mentioned in the tender items. Normally for
doors, windows, roof, scantlings, trusses, etc., in all permanent and first class
works, Indian Teak Wood (Tectona Grandis) of the best quality like that from
Dandeli , Ballarshah, and Bulsar shall be used. Properly seasoned and treated
Nana (Legarstromeia Lanceolata) wood can be used as an alternative to teak wood
when so specified.

11
A.16.5 Seasoning : Only properly seasoned timber shall be used for first class work.
Seasoning of timber shall be judged form its moisture contents as laid down in I.S.
287-1960. The timber should be well seasoned in the log before being cur into
scantlings and thereafter also in scantlings as long as possible. Care must be taken
to see that wrapping and cracking does not set in during seasoning.
The minimum permissible moisture contents for timber for various purposes shall
be as under :-
Climatic Zones as per I.S. 287-1960
Zone I Dry Area ZoneII Moderate ZoneIII Zone IV Humid
Area Annual fall ly Dry Area An- Moderately Area Annual rain
below 50 cm nual rain fall 50 Humid Area An- fall over 200 cm
(20") to 100 cm nual rain fall 100 (75) (40 to
75") (20 to 40 ) to 200

Moisture Content ( Percent of over dry weight of timber )

A) For roof & floor 12 14 17 20
timbers, roof &
weather boarding
& other carpente-
rs work
Zone I Dry Area ZoneII Moderate ZoneIII Zone IV Humid
Area Annual fall ly Dry Area An- Moderately Area Annual rain
below 50 cm nual rain fall 50 Humid Area An- fall over 200 cm
(20") to 100 cm nual rain fall 100 (75) (40 to
75") (20 to 40 ) to 200

Moisture Content ( Percent of over dry weight of timber )

B)For joinery in 10 12 14 16
-cluding frames,
stair cases, mo
-ulding & other
joiners work.
C) Floor & mat 8 10 10 12
-ch boarding

Notes :- The above limits may be relaxed for timber intended for temporary
construction such as shorings from work, bullies, and the like.
A.16.6 Grading :- Grading for structural timber shall be as per clause 5 of I.S. 883-1966.
A.16.7 Stacking :- As soon as the foundations of a building are laid, all necessary timber
scantlings shall be brought to site and stacked as laid down generally in I.S.1141-
1966 and kept under cover and allowed to remain till required.
A.16.8 Inspection :- Timber for building work shall not be wrought until seen necessary
approved by the Engineer, who may reject defective timber shall be immediately
removed from the site of work. Any effort like plugging, painting, using any
adhesives or resinous materials to hide the defects shall render the pieces
rejectable by the Engineer. Timber presented for inspection shall be clean and free
from dust, mud paint or other material which may conceal the defects. Cut off ends

12
 for protection can be done after inspection with raw linseed oil or any other material
approved by the Engineer. No timber work shall be painted, tarred or oiled without
the previews permission of the Engineer.
A.16.9 Sawing :- All scantlings, planks etc., shall be sawn in straight lines and planes and
of uniform thickness and of full measurement from end and shall be sawn in the
direction of the grain. They shall be sawn with such sufficient margin as to secure
specified dimensions, lines and planes after being wrought.
A.16.10 Tolerances :- The Engineer may allow tolerances in the defects permissible as per
I.S. 883-1966, clause 5.2 and table II in it, if in his opinion any particular permissible
defect does not reduce the usefulness of the piece for the purpose for which it is
required. The tolerances for defects shall be mentioned in the specifications for
individual item of wood work.
Maximum slope of grain shall range between 1 in 10 and 1 in 20 as per I.S. 883-
1966, clause 4.2.3.
A.16.11 Rejected Timber :- Any timber rejected shall at once be removed from the site of
works.
A.16.12 Classification :- Timber shall be classified as :
a) Logs round, square or rectangular when the felled timber is not at all processed or
when its only partially hewn to a square or rectangular shape on the outside.
Quantity is measured in cubic meters.
b) Pole or post-natural felled timber without any processing, is classified according to
the midgrith or middiameter or according to the girth or diameter at top and bottom
excluding bark in each case. These are measured in meters in groups of each girth
or diameter.
c) Planks :- When the thickness of the sawn scantling is less than 5 cms. and width is
more than 5 cm. they are classified as planks .
Quantity is measured in cubic meters or square meters with specified thickness.
d) Battens :- When the thickness and width are each less then 5 cm. these are
classified as battens and supply is measured in meters only an completed item in
sq. meters.
e) Scantlings :- Sawn scantlings of dimensions other than the above. These are
measured in cubic meters.
A.17. OIL PAINTS
General :- The specifications cover the requirements for oil paint to be used as a
garnishing material with respect to its composition, form, conditions, and tests to be
carried out. Unless expressly permitted in the special provisions or directed by the
Engineer, nothing but ready mixed (factory mixed) paints satisfying the I.S.
specifications for the particular paint shall be used. But in case when the Engineer
permits use of stiff paints, the procedure for preparing paints shall be as described
in the specifications given below in (b)
(a) Ready Mixed Paints
A.17.1 Material :-The paint shall be of the specified colour and shade and approved by the
Engineer. The Paint shall comply in all respect with relevant Indian Standard form :
I.S. : 105, 107, 111 to 116, 130 to 132, 134, 149 to 153, 159 and 163-1950.
I.S. : 108, 135, 136 - 1952.
13
 I.S. : 102 to 104, 106, 118 to 129 - 1962.
I.S. : 117-1964.
I.S. : 133,137,148,154 to 157 - 1965.
I.S : 109, 110, 158, 161, 162 - 1968.
The exact references depending on choice of paint, the specified purpose to be
served such as under-coating, finishing, exterior or interior painting & mode of
application of paint like spraying and brushing. The detailed specifications for any
item on painting shall mention the mode of application of paint. If mode is not
mentioned application shall be with brushes.
Except as otherwise required in the cited specifications, all paints shall meet the
following general requirements.
A.17.1.1 The paint shall not show excessive settling in a freshly opened full can and
shall be re dispersed with a paddle to a smooth, homogeneous state. The paint
shall show no curdling, levering, caking or colour separation and shall be free form
lumps and skins.
A.17.1.2 The paint as received shall brush easily, possess good leveling properties and
show no cunning or sagging tendencies when applied to smooth steel vertical
surfaces at a rate of 10m2. per liter ( about 500 sq.ft. per gallon)
17.1.3 The paint shall not skin within 48 hours in a three quarters filled closed container.
A.17.1.4 The paint shall dry to a smooth uniform finish free form roughness grit,
unevenness and other surface imperfections. The paint shall show no striking or
separation when flowed on clean glass.
A.17.1.5 All vehicles shall be free resin and resin derivatives. They may contain
additional agents such as anti-sticking and wetting aids.
The paints shall be supplied in strong, substantial containers, clearly marked with
ready mixed weight and volume of the manufacturer. They shall not be opened until
actually required for use. Paints form containers which have been opened shall be
used first.
A.17.2 Use :- Ready mixed paint shall be used exactly as received from the manufacturers
and generally to their instructions and without any admixtures whatsoever except
with the previous approval of the Engineer.
A.17.3 Tests:- In case of doubt regarding the quality, the paints supplied by the contractor
shall be tested in an approved laboratory as described in I.S. 101-1964 if
considered necessary by the Engineer. The cost will be borne by the Department if
the paint satisfies the specifications and by the contractor is otherwise.
ROLLING STEEL SHUTTERS
Providing and fixing rolling steel shutters fabricated from 18/20 gauge steel laths
with idle guides bottom rail, brackets, door suspension shaft, rolling springs, locking
arrangements and housing at the top including painting complete.
1. General : The rolling steel shutters shall be of approved make and design and shall
be suitable for fixing in the position ordered, i.e. outside, inside, on or below lintel or
between jambs. The shutter shall be of the manually operated pull or push up type
up to 10 sq. m. area. If the area of the shutter is between 10 sq. m. and 13 sq. m.
three ball bearings shall be provided for easy operation. The particulars of the

14
 shutters shall generally be as under unless any other suitable changes are
proposed by the approved manufacture and accepted by the Engineer:-
a) The shutter shall be constructed with curved slats or laths from mild steel sheets
of the specified gauge. The laths shall be machine molded and straightened with
an effective bridge depth of 16 mm. These slats shall slide into one another
forming a continuous hinge throughout their length and shall be fitted with
alternating end lock.
b) Side guides and Bottom rail shall be built up from mild steel rolled sections but in
the case of small shutters they may be of pressed steel. The sizes of these
members shall be as shown on drawings or as approved by the Engineer. The
guides shall be generally 6 cm.
c) Rolling springs shall be manufactured from tested unbreakable high tensile
tempered spring steel wire or strip of adequate strength to balance the shutter in
all positions.
d) The springs assembly shall be supported on strong mild steel or malleable cast
iron brackets shaped to fit the lintel. The shutter when coiled up shall be housed
in a box of 18 guage sheet metal.
e) Locking arrangement shall be provided at the bottom of the shutter at both ends.
The shutter shall be opened from outside.
f) The shutter shall be complete with door suspension shafts, locking arrangements,
pulling hooks, handles and other accessories.
g) Fixing shall be done in a workmanlike manner so that the operation of the shutter
is easy and smooth. All work disturbed or cut away shall be made good to match
the existing.
2. Finishing : The whole work shall be painted with a coat of red lead and 2 coat of
aluminium or other paint of approved shade as directed as per specification No.
B.21.a.
3. Item to include : The rate shall include all labour, materials and use of equipment
to carry out the following :-
a) Providing and fabricating the shutter, guides, brackets, bottom rails, housing
box and other accessories.
b) Transporting, erecting and fixing the shutter.
c) Finishing as specified above.
4. Mode of measurement and payment : The contract rate shall be per sq. m. of the
clear opening to be covered. The dimensions of the opening shall be measured
correct to two places of decimals of a metre and the area calculated correct to three
places of decimal of a sq. m.
COLLAPSIBLE STEEL GATES
Providing and fixing collapsible steel gates in one/two leaves, with channel pickets,
pivoted flat bars, including top and bottom, guide, rollers, stoppers, handles, all
fitting accessories, locking arrangements and painting complete.
1. General : The item refers to collapsible steel gates in one or two leaves as
mentioned in the item. The gates shall be of the approved design and make and
fabricated out of best quality mild steel channels, flats, etc. Dimensions and other

15
 particulars shall generally be as under unless other design is shown in the drawings
or approved by the Engineer :-
a) Pickets : These shall be of 20 mm. mild steel channels of heavy section unless
other sizes are shown in the drawings. Distance centre to centre of channel
pickets shall be 12 cm. with an opening of 10 cm or as ordered.
b) Provided mild steel flats shall be 20 mm. x 6 mm. or as ordered.
c) Top and bottom guides shall be tee or flat iron of approved size.
d) Other fittings like stoppers, fixing holdfasts, locking cleats, brass handles brass
lock and cast iron rollers shall be of approved design and size.
The fitting shall be done in a workmanlike manner. The gate shall open and close
smoothly and easily. All work cut and disturbed in fixing shall be made good to
match the existing. The bottom runner shall be sunk level with the floor and proper
groove shall be formed along the runner.
2. Finishing : The gate shall be finished with 2 coats of oil paints of approved colour
and shade on an undercoat of red lead as per B.21.a.
3. Item to include : The rate shall include all labour materials and use of equipment to
carry out the following :
a) Providing the fabricated steel collapsible gate with its accessories and fitting
and transporting it to the site.
b) Erecting and fixing the gate in the required position as specified above.
c) Finishing.

XXXXX

16
 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR GENERAL ITEMS
B.1. EXCAVATION
Excavation for foundation including shoring and strutting as necessary and
disposing of excavated stuff as directed
General :- The excavation will generally refer to open excavation of foundation wet
or dry.
B.1.1. Clearing Site : The site on which the structure is to be built shown on the plan and
the area required for setting our and other operations should be cleared and all
obstructions, loose stones, materials and rubbish of all kinds, stumps, brush wood
and trees obtained will be the property of Government and materials pronounced
useful by the Engineer will be conveyed and properly stacked as directed within the
specified lead. Useless materials will be burnt or otherwise disposed of as directed
by the Engineer.
B.1.2 Setting Out : After clearing the site, the centre, the centre lines will be given by the
Engineer and it will be the responsibility of the contractor to install substantial
reference marks, bench marks, etc., and maintain them as long as required true to
line, curve, level and slopes. The contractor will assume full responsibility for
alignment, elevation, and dimension of each and all parts of the work. Labour,
materials, etc. required for setting our and establishing Bench Marks and other
reference marks shall be arranged by the contractor at his own cost.
B.1.3 Excavation : Foundation excavation shall include removal of all materials of
whatever nature and whether wet or dry, necessary for the construction of
foundation and substructure exactly in accordance with the lines, levels, grades and
curves shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer. The contractor shall
notify the Engineer before starting excavation to enable him to take cross sectional
levels for purposes of measurements before the ground is disturbed. The
excavation shall be done considering exact width of foundation at bottom with
working space. The slope of excavation wherever necessary due to nature of soil
shall be provided as follows:-
Black cotton soil- 1:1
B.1.4 Preparation of Foundation for Footing : The bottom of foundation shall be
levelled both longitudinally and transversely or stepped as directed by the Engineer.
Before footing is laid, final surface should be slightly watered and rammed. If any
soft patches come to light in inspection or ramming, these shall be dug out and dealt
with as ordered by the Engineer. No footing will be allowed to bring the foundation
to level. If by contractors mistake, excavation is made deeper than shown on the
plans or ordered by the Engineer, the extra depth shall be made up with concrete or
masonry of the foundation grade as directed by the Engineer and at the cost of the
contractor. All rock or other hard foundation shall be cleaned of all soft and loose
material and cut to a firm surface, either leveled, stepped, or serrated as on the plan
will be considered as approximate only and the Engineer may order such changes
in the dimensions and elevation of the foundation as may be deemed necessary to
secure satisfactory foundation.

17
 After each excavation is completed the contractor shall notify the Engineer to that
effect and no footing will be allowed to be laid until the Engineer has approved the
depth and dimensions of excavation and the nature of the foundation material and
the levels and/or measurements are recorded.
B.1.5 Shoring : The contractor would be responsible for he design of shoring for the
excavation to be properly upheld. Shoring shall be of sufficient strength to resist
side pressure and ensure safety from slips and blows and to prevent damage to
work and property and injury to persons. It shall be removed as directed after all the
items for which it is required are completed.
B.1.6. Protection : Near towns and all frequented places foundation pits, well pits and
similar excavation shall be strongly fenced and marked with red lights at night in
charge of watchman to avoid accidents. Adequate protective measures shall be
taken to see that the foundation excavation does not affect or damage adjoining
structures. All measures required for the safety of the excavation, the people
working in and near the foundation trenches, properly and the people in the vicinity
shall be taken by the contractor at his own cost, he being entirely responsible for
any injury to life and damage to property caused by his negligence or accident due
to his constructional operations.
B.1.7 Disposal of Excavated Materials : No materials excavated from foundation
trenches of whatever kind may be are to be placed even temporarily nearer than 1.5
m or greater distance prescribed by the Engineer form the outer edge of excavation.
All materials excavated will remain the property of Government. Rate for
excavation, includes sorting out of useful materials and sacking them separately as
directed within the specified lead. Materials suitable and useful for backfilling or
other use shall be stacked in convenient places but not in such a way as to obstruct
free movement of men, animals and vehicles or encroach on the area required or
constructional purposes. It shall be used to the extent required to completely backfill
the structure to original ground level or the elevation shown on the plans or as
directed by the Engineer. For backfilling, the materials shall be placed in 15 to 20
cm. layers, moistened, and well compacted. Materials not useful in any way shall
be wasted as directed by the Engineer. If useful excavated rubble is required by the
contractor for use in other items, it shall be paid for at the rate fixed in the tender
and if not so provided, at the rate in the divisional schedule current at the time of
tendering or at mutually agreed rate if there is no rate in the divisional Schedule.
The site shall be left clean of all debris on completion.
B.1.8 Dewatering : Unless specially provided for as a separate item in the contract, the
excavation rate would include bailing or pumping out all water which may
accumulate in the excavation during the progress of the work either form seepage,
springs, rain or any other cause and diverting surface flow if any, by bunds or other
means. The bunds shall be removed after their purpose is served.
Pumping out water from any foundation enclosure or trenches shall be generally in
such a manners to preclude the possibility of any damage to the foundation
trenches, concrete or masonry to any adjacent structure. The excavation shall be
kept free from water (1) during inspection and measurement, (2) when concrete
and/or masonry are in progress and till they come above the natural water level, and
(3) till the Engineer considers that the mortar is sufficiently set.

18
B.1.9 Slips and Blows: If there are any slips or blows in the excavation they shall be
removed by the contractor without cost to the Department so as to provide the
correct dimensions required from the foundation.
B.1.10 Backfilling : All timber shoring and form-work shall be removed after their necessity
ceases and trash of any sort shall be cleaned out from the excavation. All space
between foundation masonry or concrete and the sides of excavation must be
refilled to the original surface with approved materials, in layers of 15 cm. to 20 cm.
in thickness, watered and rammed.
B.1.11 Blasting : Blasting shall be carried out according to specification No. B.2
B.1.12 Classification : All the materials encountered in the excavation would be mainly
classified in the following groups.
1. Soils of all sorts, gravel, murum and other similar soft or loose materials.
2. Hard murum.
3. Hard murum and boulders.
4. Soft Rock.
5. Hard Rock (blasted)
6. Hard Rock (chiseled, wedged or line drilled)
7. Laterite.
1. Soils of all Sorts, Sand, Gravel, Soft Murum and other similar soft or loose
materials : Soils of all sorts, sand, gravel, soft murum, chopan yellow soil etc. shall
include all materials of earthy or sandy nature which can be easily ploughed or
small shingle and gravel which can be easily removed. Removal of small boulders
not exceeding 0.03 m.3 or 30 liters occurring such strata will be included in the rate
of this item.
2. Hard Murum : This shall include all kinds of disintegrated rock or shale or indurated
clay free form boulders larger than 0.03 m.3 or 30 liters and can be removed with
pick and shovel though not without some difficulty.
3. Hard Murum and Boulders : This shall include all kinds of disintegrated rock or
shale or indurate clay interspersed with boulders less than half a cubic meter and
larger than 0.03 m.3. or 30 liters which do not normally need blasting and can be
removed with pick , bar, wedges, and hammer. Boulders bigger than 1/2 m.3. will be
paid for as soft or hard rock according as it is soft or hard rock.
4. Soft Rock : This shall include all material which is rock or hard conglomerate, all
decomposed or weathered rock, highly fissured rock, old masonry and also soft
rock, boulders bigger than 1/2 cubic meter and other varieties of rock which would
normally be removed with pick, crow bars, wedges and hammer with some difficulty.
Crushing strength <200 Kg/cm2
5. Hard Rock (Blasted) : This shall include all rock occurring in masses or boulders
bigger than half cubic meter each, which can best be removed by blasting and
where in the opinion of the Engineer, blasting is necessary Manjra rock shall be
considered as hard rock. Crushing strength >200 Kg/cm2
6. Hard Rock (Chiseled, Wedged or line Drilled) : This shall include all rock
occurring in masses which can best to be removed by blasting but which owing to

19
 the proximity of structures, possibility of shattering the rock below or for any other
reason should be cut by means of cold chisels or wedges or line drilling.
7. Laterite : This shall include Laterite rock soft and hard which can be removed with
Dhokans or blasting. Laterite murum which has not hardened into stone shall be
classified as hard murum.
The classification of the excavation would be decided by the Engineer and his
decision shall be final and binding on the contractor.
Rock referred to above would include trap, granite, quartzite, gneiss, laterite and
other types.
B.1.13 Item to include : The rate for the item of excavation will include :
1. Clearing Site.
2. Setting out works, profiles, etc., according to sanctioned plan or as ordered
and setting up bench marks and other reference marks.
3. Providing and subsequently removing shoring and strutting.
4. Bailing & pumping out water when separate provision does not exist for it in
the tender.
5. Excavation and removal of all materials of whatever nature wet or dry and
necessary for the construction of foundation including materials like
explosives, removal of blows and slips and use of tools, plant and equipment
necessary for satisfactory completion of the item and preparing bed for
foundation.
6. Sorting out of useful excavated materials, conveying them up to the specified
lead clear beyond the structure and stacking them neatly for back filling or
reuse and wasting useless materials as directed by the Engineer.
7. Backfilling the trenches alongside masonry or concrete with approved material
up to the natural ground level.
8. Necessary protection including labour, materials and equipment to ensure
safety and protection against risk or accident.
9. Supply of facilities for inspection and measurements at any time by the
concerned Government Officials.
10. Compensation for injury to life and damage to property if any caused by the
Contractors operations with this item.
11. small drill holes to explore the nature of substratum if necessary.
B.1.14 Measurement & Payment : The Payment for respective class of excavation shall
be made at the unit contract rate per cubic meter for the quantity acceptably
excavated limited to the dimensions shown in the sanctioned plans or as directed by
the Engineer. Excavation to dimensions in excess of the above will not be
measured not paid for and if so ordered by the Engineer the contractor shall have to
fill up the excess depth with cement concrete or U.C.R. masonry specified for
foundation without extra payment.
Driving of sounding bars, or jumping small drill holes to explore the nature of
substratum of up to a total length of meter distributed in 2 or 3 places in each
foundation if necessary, will be considered incidental work and will not be paid for
separately.

20
 Removal of slips and blows in the foundation trenches will not be measured nor paid
for.
If it is necessary in the opinion of the engineer to carry foundation below the levels
shown on the plans, the excavation for the first 1.5 m, of additional depth will be
included in the quantity for the particular classification at tendered rate. The
excavation below this additional depth of 1.5 meters will be paid for as extra work at
rate or be decided under the general conditions of contract unless the contractor is
willing to accept payment at tendered rates. For all depths less than the designed
depth plus 1.5 meters the excavation will be paid for at tendered rates.
Dimensions shall be measured correct to two places of decimals of a meter and
individual quantity shall be calculated correct to two places of decimals of a cubic
meter.
B.2. BLASTING
B.2.1 General :- Blasting shall be carried out only with the written permission of the
Engineer. All the laws, regulations, rules, etc. pertaining to the acquisition,
transport, storage, handling and use of explosives shall be rigidly followed. The
magazine for the storage of explosives shall be built to the designs and
specifications of the explosives department and located at the approved site. No
unauthorized person shall be admitted into the magazine and when not in use shall
be kept securely locked. No matches or inflammable material shall be allowed in
the magazine. The magazine shall have an effective lighting conductor. The
following shall be hung in the lobby if the magazine.
a) A copy of rules both in English and in the languages with which the workers
concerned are familiar.
b) A statement of up-to-date stock in the magazine.
c) A certificate showing the last date of testing of the lighting conductor.
d) A notice that smoking is strictly prohibited.
In addition or these, the contractor shall also observe the following instructions and
any further additional instructions which may be given by the Engineer and shall be
responsible for damage to property and any accident which may occur or workmen
or the public due to any and all operations connected with storing and handling or
use of explosives and blasting. The Engineer shall frequently check the contractors
compliance with the precautions.
B.2.2 Materials, Tools and Equipment :
The black powder, explosives detonators, fuses, tamping materials, electrical firing
equipment, if used, tools for drilling holes and tamping shall be subject to the
approval of the Engineer. The Engineer may specify type of explosives to be
allowed in special cases. The fuse to be used in wet locations shall be sufficiently
water resistant as to be unaffected when immersed in water for 30 minutes. The
rate of burning of the fuse shall be uniform and definitely known to permit such a
seafood length being cut as will permit sufficient time to the firer to reach safety
before explosion takes place. Detonators shall be capable of giving effective
blasting of the explosives. The blasting powder, explosives, detonators, fuses, etc.
shall be fresh and not damaged due to damp, moisture or any other cause. They
shall be inspected before use and damaged articles shall be discarded totally and
removed immediately.

21
B.2.3 Personnel : The blasting operation shall remain in charge of competent and
experienced supervisor and workmen who are thoroughly acquainted with the
details of handling explosives and blasting operations.
B.2.4 Blasting Operation : The blasting shall be carried out during fixed hours of the day
preferably during the midday lunch hour or at the close of the work as ordered in
writing by the Engineer. The hours shall be made known to the people in the
vicinity. All the charges shall be prepared by the man in charge only.
Red danger flags shall be displayed prominently in all directions during the blasting
operations. People except those who actually light the fuse shall be prohibited from
entering into this area. The flags shall be stationed at 200 meters from the blasting
site in all directions and all persons including workmen shall be excluded from the
flagged area at least 10 minutes before the firing, a warning whistle being sounded
for the purpose.
The charge holes shall be drilled to required depths and in suitable places.
When blasting is done with powder, the fuse cut to the required length shall be
inserted into the hole and the powder dropped in. The powder shall be gently
tamped with copper rods with rounded ends. The explosive powder shall then be
covered with tamping material which shall be tamped lightly but firmly.
When blasting is done with dynamite and other high explosives, dynamite cartridges
are prepared by inserting the square cut end of a fuse into the detonator and
finishing it with nippers at the open end, the detonator gently pushed into the primer
leaving 1/3rd of the copper tube exposed outside. The paper of the cartridge is then
closed up and securely bound with wire or twine. The primer shall be housed into
the explosives. Bore holes shall be of such size that the cartridge can easily pass
down. The holes shall be cleared of all debris and explosive inserted. The space for
about 20 cm. (8") above the charge is then gently filled with dry clay, pressed home
and the rest of the tamping is formed of any convenient material gently packed with
a wooden rammer.
At a time not more than 10 such charges will be prepared and fired. The man in
charge shall blow a whistle in a recognized manner for cautioning the people. All
the people shall then be required to move to safe distance. The charges shall be
lighted by the man in charge only. The man in charge shall count the number of
explosion. He shall satisfy himself all the charges have been exploded before
allowing the workmen to go to the work site.
B.2.5 Misfire : In case of a misfire the following procedure shall be observed
Sufficient time shall be allowed to account for the delayed blast. The man in charge
shall inspect all the charges and determine the missed charge.
If it is blasting powder charge it shall be completely flooded with water, A new hole
shall be drilled at about 45 cm. from the old hole and fired. This should blast the old
charge. Should it not blast the old charge. alternatively the hole may be cleared of
one foot of tamping and the direction then ascertained by placing a stock in the
hole. Another hole may then be drilled 15 cm. away and parallel to it. This hole
shall then be charged and fired when the misfired hole should explode at the same
time. The man in charge shall report to the office at once all cases of misfire, the
cause of the same and what steps were taken in connection therewith.
If a misfire has been found to be due to defective detonator or dynamite, the whole
quantity in the box from which defective article was taken must be sent to the

22
 authority directed by the Engineer for inspection to ascertain whether all the
remaining materials in the box are also defective.
B.2.6 Accidents : The contractor shall be solely responsible for any accident during the
entire procedure of handling explosive and blasting and shall pay necessary
compensation to persons affected or damage to lands or property, etc. due to the
blasting without extra claims.
B.2.7. Account : A careful and day-to-day account of the explosives shall be maintained
by the contractor in an approved register and in an approved manner and shall be
open to inspection of the Engineer at all times. Surprise visit may also be paid by
the Engineer to the storage and in case of any unaccountable shortage or
unsatisfactory account, the contractor shall be liable to be penalized by forfeiture of
part or whole of his security deposit or by cancellation of tender in which case he
shall not be entitled for any compensation.
B.5. CEMENT MORTAR FOR MASONRY, PLASTER AND POINTING
B.5.(a)1.Materials :
1. Cement : Ordinary Portland cement shall conform to specification No. A.2.
2. Water : Water shall conform to specification No. A.5.
3. Fine Aggregate : Fine aggregate shall conform to specification No. A.6. with
grading suitable for the purpose of the particular item.
B.5.(a)2. Proportion : Cement and sand shall be mixed in specified proportions and being
measured in measuring boxes. The proportions will be by volume on the basis of
50 Kg. bag of cement being equal to 35 liters. The mortar may be hand mixed or
machine mixed.
B.5.(a)3.1 Preparation : In hand-mixed mortar, cement and sand in the specified
proportions shall be thoroughly mixed dry on a clean impervious platform by
turning over at least 3 times or more till a homogeneous mixture of uniform colour
is obtained. Fresh and clean water as specified above shall be added gradually
through a rose and thoroughly mixed to form a stiff plastic mass of uniform colour
so that each particle of sand shall be completely covered with a film of wet
cement. The water cement ratio may be as under or as directed by the Engineer.
Nominal Mix
Cement Sand Water cement ratio Quantity of Water per 50 kg of cement
(liters)
1 1 0.25 12.5

1 11/2 0.28 14.0

1 2 0.30 15.0

1 2 1/2 0.35 17.0

1 3 0.40 20.0

1 4 0.53 26.5

23
 1 5 0.60 30.00

1 6 0.70 35.00
1 8 0.90 45.00
Mixing platform shall be so arranged that no deleterious extraneous material shall get mixed
with mortar nor the mixing water of the mortar shall flow out.
B.5.(a).3.2 Machine mixed mortar shall be prepared in an appropriate mixer. About 5
percent to 10 percent of mixing water shall be put into the mixer and sand and
cement in the required proportions shall be then added. The remainder of water,
quantity of which shall be predetermined by consideration of strength and
consistency shall be added uniformly. Mixing will be continued until all particles of
sand are uniformly coated with cement paste.
Mixing for 1 1/2 to 2 minutes will normally be sufficient. Water cement ratio shall
be as per hand mixed mortar.
B.5(a)4. The mortar so prepared shall be used within 30 minutes of adding water. Only
such quantity of mortar shall be prepared as can be used within 30 minutes. The
mortar remaining unused after that period or mortar which has partially hardened
or is otherwise damaged shall not be re tempered or remixed. It shall be
destroyed or thrown away.
B.6. ORDINARY CEMENT CONCRETE FOR PLAIN AND REINFORCED WORK
B.6.1 General : This specification covers the requirements of ordinary cement concrete
of the specified proportions for use in various concrete items. Special requirements
for a particular item will be laid down in the specifications for that item I.S. 456-
1964 shall apply except for deviations laid down in this specification.
B.6.2 Materials :
1) Cement : Cement shall conform to specification No.A.2 When type of
cement is not specified, Ordinary Portland cement shall be used.
2) Water : Water shall conform to specification No. A.5.
3) Fine Aggregate : Fine aggregate 0.15mm. to 5mm. I.S. sieve Nos. 15 to
480 shall conform to specification No.A.6.
4) Coarse Aggregate : Coarse aggregate 5mm. to 80mm. shall conform to
specification No.A.7 and shall conform to specification No. A.6.
Size : The maximum size of coarse aggregate shall be as large as possible but
normally not greater than 1/4th of the minimum thickness of the concrete
member provided that in the case of R.C.C. This size presents no difficulty
to surround the reinforcement thoroughly and fill up the corners of the
formwork fully and is less than the minimum cover by 6mm. For plain
cement concrete, maximum size of the coarse aggregate may be upto
80mm. subject to the above limitation and provided no limiting size is
specified in the special provisions.
For heavily reinforced concrete members such as ribs of beams, etc., the
maximum size of aggregate shall be restricted to 6mm. less than the
minimum clear lateral distance between the reinforcement bars or 6mm.
less than the cover whichever is smaller.

24
 Generally a maximum size of 20mm. should be found satisfactory for reinf-
orced concrete work.
The grading between the maximum size and minimum size of 5mm. shall
be such as to produce a dense concrete of the specified proportion and
consistency that will work readily into position without segregation and
without the use of excessive water content and shall be within limits given in
A.7.3.
B.6.3. Proportioning Mix : In ordinary concrete, although proportion of cement to
fine and coarse aggregate is specified by volume, the quantity of cement
shall be determined by weight assuming one bag to cement weighing 50 kg.
net to be equivalent to 35 liter. Fine and coarse aggregate shall be
measured by dry volumes in suitable wooden boxes. Due allowance shall
be made for bulking in the fine aggregate due to moisture if any, at the time
of mixing.
Ingredients required for concrete containing one 50 kg. bag of cement for
different proportions of mix be as under ( by volume)
Mix Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate Water
1:1 : 250 Kg. bag 35 liters 70 liters 23 to 27 liters

1:1 1/2. do .53.5 liters 53.5 liters 105 liters 23 to 30 liters

1:2:4.. do.. 70 liters 140 liters 27 to 32 liters

1:3:6.. do.. 105 liters 210 liters 37.5 to 45 liters

1:4:8.. do.. 140 liters 280 liters 47.5 to 57 liters

1:5:10.. do.. 175 liters 350 liters 56 to 68 liters

The ratio of the volume of the fine and coarse aggregates may be varied within
limits of 1:2 1/2 to 1:2 1/2 as directed by the Engineer to suit the maximum size of
coarse aggregate, the grading, density, workability and strength without extra cost.
But the sum of the volumes of fine and coarse aggregates so adjusted shall
however be equal to the sum of the volumes of fine and coarse aggregates given
above for the particulars mix.
The quantity of water shall be just sufficient, but not more than sufficient, to
produce a dense concrete of required workability for its purpose. An accurate
control shall be kept on the quantity of mixing water.
An allowance shall be made for surface moisture present in the aggregate when
computing water content as indicated in I.S. 456-1964.
In the case of reinforced concrete work, the workability shall be such that the
concrete will surround and properly grip all the reinforcement. Water cement ratio
will be such as will give concrete just sufficiently wet to be placed and compacted
without difficulty.
For vibrated concrete water content may be reduced by 15 percent to 20 percent to
give the required reduced slump.

25
B.6.4 Mixing : For all important works concrete shall be mixed in a mechanical mixer at
the site of work. Care shall be taken to see that the mixer and other accessories
are in first class working condition and maintained so throughout the construction.
Mixing shall be continued till there is a uniform colour is obtained and each indi-
vidual particle of the coarse aggregate shall show a complete coating of mortar
containing its proportionate amount of cement. In no case mixing shall be done for
less than 1 1/2 minutes. The water cement ratio shall range between 0.55 to 0.64
for 1.2.4. mix.
When hand mixing is permitted by the Engineer it shall be done on a smooth
water tight platform large enough to allow efficient turning over of the ingredients of
concrete before and after adding water. Mixing platform shall be so arranged that
no foreign material shall get mixed with concrete nor the mixing water shall flow
out.
The cement in required number of bags shall be placed in a uniform layer on top of
the measured quantity of fine aggregate required, also spread in a layer of uniform
depth in the making platform. Dry sand and cement shall then be mixed
thoroughly by turning over to get a mixture of uniform colour. Enough water shall
then be added gradually through a rose and the mass turned over till a mortar of
required consistency is obtained. The measured quantity of coarse aggregate shall
then be placed on the mixing platform and wetted and the mortar added and the
entire mass turned and returned until all the particles of the coarse aggregate are
fully covered with mortar and the mixture is of a uniform colour and required
consistency. In hand mixing, quantity of cement shall be increased by 5 per cent.
above that specified in para B.6.3 without any extra cost.
Concrete shall have a consistency such that it will be workable in the required
position and in the case of R.C.C. flow around reinforcing steel also.
For vibrated concrete, slump shall range between 2.5 c, to 5 cm. For hand tamped
concrete, slump shall range between 8 cm. to 13 cm. according to the type and
nature of concrete item. The slump shall be the least permitted by workability. The
slump shall be determined as detailed in appendix G of I.S. 456-1964 and
maintained throughout the concreting operation of a member.
The concrete shall be placed in its final position and rammed, vibrated and finished
with 30 minutes of adding water to cement re tempering or remixing of partially
hardened concrete shall not be permitted.
B.6.5a. Scaffolding : All scaffolding, hoisting arrangements and ladders etc. required for
the facility of concreting shall be provided by the contractor at his own expenses
and removed on the completion of work. The scaffolding, hoisting arrangements
and ladders, etc. shall be strong enough to withstand all live, dead and impact
loads expected to act and shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.
However the contractor shall be solely responsible for the safety of the scaffolding,
hoisting arrangements, ladders, work and workman. The contractor shall pay all
the necessary compensations arising out of the use of the scaffolding hoisting
arrangements and ladders and for damages to work, property and injuries to
persons.
The scaffolding, hoisting arrangements and ladders shall allow easy approach to
the work spot and afford easy inspection.
B.6.5b. Forms : Forms shall generally comply with I.S. 456- 1964.

26
B.6.5b.1 Design : The detailed designs of the form work shall be prepared by the contractor
and got approved by the Engineer well in time. Such an approval, however, will
not relieve the contractor of his responsibility for the adequacy and strength of the
formwork and false work.
B.6.5b.2 Materials : The forms and false work shall be made of wood or metal.
The timber from which the forms are prepared should preferably be partially
seasoned as too dry a timber will swell from absorption of moisture while green
timber will dry and shrink. It shall be free from sap, shakes, loose knots,
wormholes or other defects. The planks and scantlings shall be sawn straight and
all edges and planes shall be straight and free from warps. Partially seasoned soft
wood is generally preferable for formwork as it is difficult to drive nails in hard
wood. The dimensions of scantlings should confirm to the design. The strength of
the wood shall not be less than that assumed in the design.
In metal forms, steel sheets of the designed gauge strengthened with framing of
angle or other sections shall be used.
Wooden forms may also be lined with thin steel sheets or plywood to give the
required surface or finish.
B.6.5b.3 Fabrication: The timber planks and scantlings of the designed dimensions shall
be used in the formwork with appropriate spacing of studs, yokes, joists, girders,
etc. as provided in the design. All timber in contact with concrete shall be wrought
on one face and two edges, the unwrought face being on the outside. The joints
should be made more tight. This may be done either by providing tongued and
proved or rebated joints or by caulking or nailing metal strips or applying adhesive
tape on the joints. The forms shall be built with sufficient strength and rigidity and
held in shape by bolts, clamps, ties, nails, walls or other contrivances to prevent
distortion or collapse due to pressure of concrete and other loads incidental to the
construction operations. The nuts and bolt heads inside the formwork adjoining
the concrete should be countersunk. The form work should allow finished concrete
to have a smooth surface and conform to the shapes, lines and dimensions shown
on the plans and true to line and grade. The effect of vibration shall be taken into
account in the design and fabrication of forms and false work.
Form shall be so designed and constructed as to be removable in sections without
damaging the surface of the concrete and with facilities of removal in the
ascending order of removal time, without disturbing the remaining forms required
to be removed later.
B.6.5b.4 Treatment of the Inside of Forms : Before placing concrete, the inside of the
forms which comes in contact with the concrete shall be coated with mineral oil or
any other suitable material approved by the Engineer which will prevent adhesion
of concrete to the forms but will not discolor the concrete. When oil is used, it shall
be applied before reinforcement is placed. Care shall be taken to see that
reinforcement does not come in contact with the coating. All chippings, saw dust
and other rubbish shall be removed from the interior of the forms before
concreting.
B.6.5b.5 Formwork: Formwork shall be built on foundation or base of sufficient
strength to carry the loads without settlement. Formwork which cannot be founded
on solid footing must be supported by piles or other similar devices. formwork shall

27
 be designed to carry the full loads including that due to construction operations
coming upon it.
B.6.5b.6 Erection : The false work and formwork shall be erected with an eye for
absolute safety of the formwork and concrete work before, during and after pouring
concrete. Watch should be kept to see that the behaviour of centering and
formwork is satisfactory during concreting. Erection should also be such that it
would allow removal of forms in proper sequence without damaging either the
concrete or the forms to be removed later.
If there is failure of false work and/or formwork the contractor shall be responsible
for the consequent damages to work, injury to life and damage to property.
B.6.5b.7 Inspection: The forms and false work will be inspected, checked and
approved by the Engineer before concreting is commenced. But this will not relive
the contractor of his responsibility for strength, adequacy and safety of the
formwork and false work.
B.6.5b.8 Removal of Forms : Formwork shall be removed carefully without damaging the
concrete or giving sudden shocks. It should be ascertained from the exposed
sides of concrete that it has gained adequate strength before the bottoms and
supports of the formwork are removed.
Unless otherwise specified in the special provisions, forms of concrete work using
ordinary portland cement may be struck after expiry of the following periods in
normal circumstances :
i) Vertical sides of slabs, beams, columns 48 hours.
ii) Bottoms of slabs up to 4.5 m span 7 days
iii) Bottoms of slabs of more than 4.5 m span,
bottoms of beams and archribs up to 6 m span. 14
days
iv) Bottoms of beams and archribs of more than 6 m span 21 days
In important structures, the sequences of striking formwork shall be approved by
the Engineer.
B.6.5b.9 Reuse : Before reuse, all forms shall be thoroughly scraped and cleaned, joints
gone over and repaired and insides retreated to prevent adhension, all to the
entire satisfaction of the Engineer. The shape, strength, rigidity, mortar tightness
and surface smoothness of reused forms shall be maintained at all times.
B.6.6. Transporting : The concrete shall be handled from the place of mixing to the final
position as quickly as practicable by methods which will prevent segregation and
loss of ingredients. In no case shall the operation take more than 15 minutes.
B.6.7. Placing : The concrete shall be placed into its final position, compacted and
finished within 30 minutes of mixing the water and before setting commences.
The method of placing shall be such as to avoid segregation. Placing shall be
done in a balanced manner to avoid eccentric loads on formwork.
As far as practicable the concrete for a particular portion shall be done in one
continuous operation. The construction joints when required shall be made only
where located on the plans or shown in the pouring schedule unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer. The joint shall be regular and vertical and shall be
made by placing a bulk head at the joint. Before commencing subsequent
concreting, all loose particles, laitance, etc. shall be removed and the surface shall
28
 than be covered by thick cement slurry as part of placement. Care shall be taken
during the placing not to disturb the forms or the reinforcement. Concrete
compacted manually, shall preferably be laid in layers of 15 cm. to 20 cm. the
layers being decided by the time lapse between the successive layers. The time
of layer shall not exceed 30 minutes. The successive layers shall commence
within 30 minutes.
When work is to be resumed on a surface which has hardened, such a surface
shall be roughened and scrubbed with brushes to remove laitance, care being
taken to avoid dislodgment of coarse aggregate, swept clean, thoroughly wetted
and covered with 6 mm thick mortar layer composed of cement and sand in the
same proportion as the cement and sand in the concrete, immediately before the
commencement of concrete, for securing good bond.
The concrete shall be normally laid in the dry. If the area is under water, it shall be
pumped dry and kept so while placing concrete and till it sets. Where it is
necessary to deposit concrete under water, it shall be done as per I.S. 456-1984
para 7.1.7. No extra payment will be made for the special arrangements, plant,
etc. needed for the purpose or for the additional 10 per cent. cement required to
be added.
B.6.8. Compacting : The concrete shall be thoroughly compacted during depositing to
get a dense concrete and thoroughly worked into the edges and corners of the
formwork as also along its faces and around reinforcement in the case of R.C.C. by
means of suitable tools such as spades and rods to get a good cast finish without
honey combing. Concrete shall not be disturbed once it is set.
For important or big works where stiffer mix with less slump is adopted, use of
mechanical vibrators is essential. The vibrators shall have not less than 3,600 and
preferably about 5,000 impulses per minutes and shall be worked at an interval of
about 60 cm. It shall be worked in one place for only such time as will allow for-
mation of dense concrete without sinking and segregation of the coarse aggregate.
Over vibration shall be avoided. Vibration shall be aided by spading and rodding.
B.6.9. Curing: The concrete shall be initially protected from damage on of impact. undue
pressure, excessive heat of sun, rain etc. and covered with wet sacking, hessain or
similar absorbent material soon after the initial set. After the final set, the concrete
shall be kept continuously wet preferably by pounding water for a period of not less
than 14 days from the date of placement. On Sundays, holidays and days of
cessation of work, arrangement shall be made to keep it continuously watered.
Should the contractor fail to water the concrete continuously, the Engineer may
provide Labour, materials and equipment required for watering and recover the
cost from the contractor.
When atmospheric temperature exceeds 40oC (104oF) following precautions
should be taken.
1. Stacking aggregates under shade and keeping them moist.
2. Using cold water.
3. Reduce the time between mixing and placing to the minimum.
4. Cooling formwork by sprinkling water.
5. Starting curing before concrete dries out.

29
 6. Restricting concreting to mornings and evenings.
B.6.10. Finishing : Immediately after the removal of forms, any undulations, depressions,
cavities, honeycombing, broken edges or corners, high spots and other defects
shall be made good and finished with cement mortar 1:2. But the necessity of such
finishing must be exceptional and the total surface requiring finishing shall not
exceed 1 percent on an average. If the initial experience shows that this
percentage is exceeded the methods of working itself should be changed to get the
required cast finish.
Where the concrete surface is to receive plaster, the surface shall be roughened
immediately after removal of forms and within a day thereof to secure a hold for the
plaster. The rate for concrete is inclusive of this roughening and finishing.
Concrete after finishing shall be cured for the full period.
B.6.11. Re tempering : Concrete shall be mixed only in such quantities as are required for
immediate use and any concrete which has developed initial set shall not be used.
Concrete which is partially hardened shall not be re tempered or re-mixed but shall
be destroyed or thrown away.
B.6.12. Sampling and Testing : Sampling of materials and concrete shall be done
carefully by the contractor under the direct supervision of the Departmental staff as
per I.S. 456-1964 at the cost of the contractor. All necessary labour, materials,
equipment, etc. for sampling, preparing test cubes, curing, etc., shall be provided
by the contractor. Testing of the materials and concrete will be arranged by the
department in approved laboratory at the cost off the contractor. No plea will be
entertained later on the ground that casting of the test specimen was faulty and
that the result of the test specimen did not give a correct indication of the actual
quality of concrete. Compressive strength of ordinary concrete shall not be less
than those specified below :
No. Mix Work test on 15 cm cubes
Kg./sq.cm at 7 days Kg./sq.cm at 28 days
1. M25 58 242

2. M20 131 200

3. M15 105 158

4. M10 66 100

5. M7.5 49 73
One set of six 15 cm. cubes shall be prepared from the concrete to be used in the
work of compression test on each of the first three days operation and thereafter
for every 60 m.3. of concrete or three days work whichever is less, by the
contractor in the presence of a responsible officer of the Department of a rank not
less than that of an overseer. If the source of aggregate or grading is changed,
one set of six test cubes shall be taken for each changed batch. Three cubes shall
be used for test of 7 days age and three at 28 days.
After the relation between strengths at 7 days and 28 days is reliably established
for the particular set of materials from the same sources, subsequent tests may be
carried out only on three cubes at 7 days. If the average strength of the cubes

30
 show ultimate compressive strength less than the above the Engineer shall have a
right to order a change in the mix or water content for the remaining concrete
without extra cost. Defective concrete having strength below 80 per cent of the
required strength is liable to be rejected. Concrete of strength up to per cent of the
required strength may be accepted as substandard work at a reduced rate
provided such weak concrete is restricted to such members and in such quantities
as will not endanger the safety of the structure.
B.6.13. Keeping record : A day-to-day record authenticated by a responsible officer of the
department and the representative of the contractor, in the proforma approved by
the Engineer shall be maintained by the contractor on the work site and kept open
for inspection. This shall contain important information such as receipt of cement
on the work site, daily use with details of use on various items, time of starting
concreting and closure, number of batches through the mixer, sources of water,
water cement ratio of concrete, slump, dates of erection of formwork, passing of
formwork by the competent authority, dates of striking of forms, periods, and
method of curing and other events worthy of notes. On completion of the work, the
record shall be handed over to the Department.
B.6.14. Item to Include : 1. All labour, materials, use of equipment, tools and plant,
installing and removal of scaffolding, false work and forms and bracing necessary
for the satisfactory completion of the item except reinforcement steel.
2. Providing cement concrete of specified proportion including transporting,
placing and compacting, curing, finishing to the dimensions and shapes
shown on the plans or as ordered by the Engineer.
3. Necessary sampling and tests for materials of concrete.
4. Compensation for injury to persons and damages to work or property.
B.6.15. Mode of Measurement and Payment : The contract rate shall be for a unit of one
cubic meter of concrete. The concrete shall be measured for its length, breadth
and depth, limiting dimensions to those specified on the plan or as ordered by the
Engineer. No deduction shall be made for reinforcement in concrete in R.C.C.
work. Individual dimension shall be measured correct to one m.3. and quantities
shall be worked out correct up to three places of decimals of a cubic meter.
B.7. CONTROLLED CEMENT CONCRETE
Controlled concrete is that concrete in which proportions of aggregates, cement
and water are determined by preliminary tests of the materials to be actually used
to obtain the specified strength with the use of minimum quantity of cement. It
shall generally comply with relevant provisions in I.S. 456- 1964.
B.7.1. Materials : Ordinary Portland cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregate and
water shall comply with specifications laid down for the respective items in
specification No. B.6 for ordinary concrete.
B.7.2 Proportioning Mix : The mix of the fine aggregates, coarse aggregate and water
shall be designed by preliminary tests to give the densest concrete requiring the
minimum quantity of cement paste for binding the materials to give the required
strength. Water content shall be such as to suit the required consistency. Water
content and the water cement ratio shall be determined from the results of
preliminary tests of concrete to give the specified strength with the materials
proposed for actual use in the work, carried out before the work is started, adopting

31
 the consistency suitable for the work & method of compaction that will be actually
used on site.
B.7.3 Tests : Tests shall conform to the specification laid down in I.S. 456-1964. These
tests shall be got done in an approved laboratory at the cost of the contractor.
B.7.3.1 Preliminary Tests : In preliminary tests, three separate tests shall be carried out
on samples collected from different stacks. Each test shall be carried out with six
samples of 15 cm. cubes and 3 of these shall be tested at 7 days and 3 at 28 days.
In preliminary tests the average crushing strength attained shall be 33 per cent.
higher than that required on work tests.
B.7.3.2 Work Tests : For each of the works tests, 6 samples shall be prepared from the
concrete being used on the work, 3 samples being tested at 7 days and the
remaining 3 samples at 28 days. Works test shall be carried out on each of the
first six days and subsequently once in three working days or for every 60 m.3. of
concrete which ever is less and also whenever the quality or grading of the materi-
als is changed. When a relation between the strengths at 7 days and 28 days is
established only 3 samples may be prepared and tested at 7 days only. This
normal number of control specimen tests may be increased if the Engineer
considers it necessary.
B.7.4. Field Mix : The actual proportions of the fine and coarse aggregates will be
determined by preliminary tests. In the work tests, bulk age of sand due to
moisture actually present at the time of mixing. This moisture will be taken into
account in controlling the mixing water also. The proportions once fixed by
preliminary tests shall not be changed so long as the materials are the same,
subject only to the quantities of fine aggregate and water being adjusted to
compensate for bulk age due to the moisture in sand and free water in fine
aggregate at the time of use.
No change of materials shall be allowed unless fresh tests with new materials
show satisfactory results.
Water and cement content per batch of concrete as determined by preliminary
tests shall be maintained constant except for suitable allowances to be made for
surface moisture of the aggregates at the time of actual use.
The minimum quantity of cement to be used in controlled concrete shall not be
less than 305 kg. per m.3. of finished reinforced cement concrete of (M-150) grade
and 395 kg. per m.3. of finished reinforced cement concrete of (M-200) grade.
For any particular item, compressive strength required to be attained by the
concrete at 28 days in the preliminary and works tests on 15 cm. cubes, minimum
cement content required to be used and approximate proportions of approved fine
and coarse aggregates shall be specified in the special provisions. These
particulars will be only for the guidance of the contractor for quoting rates.
Immediately upon the receipt of the award of the contract, the contractor shall
inform the Engineer the exact location of the sources of the acceptable materials
which he proposes to use and get the materials approved. The mix with the actual
approved materials to be used shall be got designed in an approved laboratory by
the contractor with minimum quantity and cement to give the specified strength in
the preliminary tests and the proportions got approved by the engineer in writing.
These proportions shall be used so long as the materials continue to be of the
same quality and from the same sources subject only to slight changes in the

32
 relative quantities of fine and coarse aggregates for the purpose of promoting
workability provided the works tests also show the required strengths.
If during the progress of the work, the contractor wishes to change the materials,
the proportions shall be fixed on the basis of fresh preliminary test to give the
required strength after the Engineer is satisfied that the materials satisfy the
specifications. No adjustment of cost shall be made for change of proportions of
cement fixed in the original preliminary tests.
B.7.5. Mixing : Mixing shall comply with specification No. B.6.4. Mixing shall be done only
by Mechanical mixers.
B.7.6. Forms : Forms shall comply with specification No.B.6.5(b).
B.7.7 Transporting : Transport shall comply with specification No. B.6.6.
B.7.8. Placing : Placing shall comply with specification No. B.6.7.
B.7.9. Compacting : Compacting shall comply with specification No. B.6.8.
Compacting shall necessarily be done by mechanical vibrators. No hand
compaction will be permitted except (i) to supplement vibration near the edges and
faces of forms, to fill the corners completely and to prevent honey combing or (ii) in
members where vibration is not possible nor desirable in the opinion of the
Engineer.
B.7.10. Curing : Curing shall comply with specification No.B.6.9.
B.7.11. Finishing : Finishing shall comply with specification B.6.10.
B.7.12. Retempering : Specification No. B.6.11. shall be followed.
B.7.13. Sampling and Testing : Sampling and testing shall comply with B.7.3 above,
special provision in the tender and relevant provision of B.6.12.
B.7.14. Keeping Records : Records shall be maintained and dealt as per specification
No.B.6.13.
B.7.15. Item to Include : All the provisions prescribed in specification No. B.6.14 and also
the preliminary laboratory tests to determine the exact proportions of the concrete
mix to give the specified strength and control tests during the concreting
operations.
B.7.16. Measurement payment shall be as per specifications of B.6.15
The bidder shall ensure that the cement procured by him from open market shall
be from fresh stock and of superior quality. It shall be his responsibility to get the
mix design and use cement in quantities as obtained from the mix design tests for
giving desired quality of controlled concrete as specified in the item.
The employer shall not accept any responsibility for any variation in the quantity of
cement due to procurement of low grade or inferior grade cement by the bidder.
Any extra liability on account of excess requirement of cement than the standards
consumption factor as indicated under the respective items of Schedule B shall be
on the score of the bidder. No value adjustment charges shall be
payable/recoverable for more/less use of cement than the standard consumption.
The contractor shall have to substantiate his claim about quantity of concrete by
cube results. The minimum, requirement of cement consumption per Cu. M of
concrete as mentioned in B.7.4 shall however be strictly adhered to.

33
 B.8(a) BURNT BRICK MASONRY FIRST CLASS IN LIME/CEMENT MORTAR
Burnt Brick Masonry first class in lime/cement mortar of specified proportion
including necessary scaffolding, watering masonry, etc., complete.
B.8.a.1 Materials : Bricks : First Class bricks shall be used for this item and shall comply
with specification No. A.9.1. Sample shall be got approved by the Engineer who
will keep it in his office for reference.
Mortar : Mortar shall conform to specification No. B.3(a) for lime mortar/B.5.a for cement
mortar. The quantity of mortar to be used in one m.3 of masonry shall vary from
0.24 m.3 or 240 liters for thin masonry to 0.26 m.3 or 260 liters for massive masonry
of conventional bricks and 0.25 m.3. or 250 liters for thin masonry and 0.27 m.3 or
270 liters for thick masonry for I.S.I. bricks. The proportion of lime/cement mortar
shall be as specified in the item and special provisions of the tender.
B.8.a.2 Construction Details :
B.8.2.1 Size : Bricks of different dimensions will not be allowed on the same work except
when specially permitted by the Engineer.
B.8.2.2 Face Work : Bricks of entirely uniform colour and of best shape and which have
greater resistance to weathering and penetration by rain should be selected for the
face work when it is not be plastered.
B.8.2.3. Soaking : All bricks shall be immersed in water for two hours before being put into
the work so that they will be saturated and will not absorb water from the mortar.
Immersion will also assist in removing dirt and dust. The surfaces should be just
moist but not too wet at the time of laying.
B.8.2.4 Bats : No bats or cut bricks be used in the work unless absolutely necessary
around irregular openings or for adjusting the dimensions of different courses and
for closer, in which case, full bricks shall be laid at corners, the bats being placed
in the middle of the courses.
B.8.2.5 Laying : The bricks shall be laid in mortar to line, level and shapes shown on the
plans, slightly pressed and thoroughly bedded in mortar and all joints shall be
properly flushed and packed with mortar so that they will be completely filled with
mortar and no hollows left anywhere. Bricks shall be handled carefully so as not to
damage their edges. They should not also be thrown from any height to the
ground but should be put down gently. All courses shall be laid truly horizontal and
all vertical made truly vertical. Vertical joints in one course and the next below shall
not come over one another and shall not normally be nearer than quarter of a brick
length. For battered faces bedding shall be at right angles to the face. Fixtures,
plugs, frames, etc., if any shall be built in at places shown in the plans while laying
the courses only and not later by removal of bricks already laid.
Care shall be taken during construction to see that edges of bricks at quoins, sills,
heads, etc., are not damaged.
The verticality of the walls and horizontality of the courses shall be checked very
often with plumb-bob and spirit level respectively.
B.8.2.6. Bond : Bond used shall be English or such other as may be ordered and shall be
carried throughout the work. At all corners, alternate courses of brick work shall be
laid header and stretcher wise as seen on the face so as to secure good bond.
The arrangement of bond at quoins shall be symmetrical.

34
B.8.2.7 Joints : Joints shall not exceed 10 mm in thickness and this thickness shall be
uniform throughout. The joints shall be raked out not less than 10 mm deep when
the mortar is green where pointing is to be done. Otherwise joints shall be struck
flush with the face at the time of laying.
B.8.2.8 Uniform Raising : Brick work shall be carried up regularly in all cases where the
nature of work will admit, not leaving any part 60 cm. lower than another. But
where building at different levels is necessary, the breaks shall be stepped so as to
give later a uniform level and effectual bond. Horizontal courses should be to line
and level and even the face plumb or to batter as shown on the plan. The rate of
laying masonry may be up to a height of 60 cm. per day if cement mortar is used
and 45 cm. if lime mortar is used. Greater heights may be built only if permitted by
Engineer in writing.
B.8.a.3. Scaffolding : Scaffolding will be double or single as warranted for the particular
work. The ends of points if required to rest on the brick work shall be located at
convenient places. Scaffolding shall be erected with bullies, steel sections, pipes
or bamboos of adequate strength so as to be safe for all the dead, live and impact
loads likely to come on them due to construction operations. The contractor shall
take all measures to ensure the safety of the work and working people. Any
instructions of the Engineer in this respect should also be complied with. The
contractor shall be entirely responsible for any damage to property or injury to
persons resulting from ill erected scaffolding, defective ladders and materials, or
otherwise arising out of his default in this respect. Proper scaffolding shall be
provided to allow easy approach to every part of the work. Overhead work shall
not be allowed.
Put log hole shall be made good by bricks to match the face work when put logs
are removed after ensuring that the holes behind are solidly filled in with 1:4:8
cement concrete.
B.8.a.4. Dewatering : Where water is met with, the work space shall be kept free of water
by the contractor while the brick work is in progress and until the Engineer
considers the mortar has sufficiently set. Dewatering shall also be done when
required for taking measurements etc. Dewatering shall be carried out in such a
manner as not to injure masonry in any way. Dewatering will be included in the
rate of brick work unless separately provided in the tender.
B.8.a.5. Watering : The Bricks work shall continuously be kept well watered for 14 days
after laying. Brick work when laid shall be initially protected against hot sun if
necessary by wet sacking or straw or similar absorbent material. at no time during
the curing period shall the mortar be allowed to dry. Initial watering should be
done carefully through a rose so as not to disturb or wash out mortar. On sunday
and holidays or at the close of days work or other periods of cessation of work, the
masonry shall be kept well watered by employing sufficient number of labour.
Should the contractor fail to water the work as specified, the Engineer may employ
the requisite labour, materials and equipment to water the work properly and
charge the cost to the contractor.
B.8.a.6. Final Finish : If the brick work is not to be plastered, the face, after pointing is
properly cured, shall be washed down and all stains and adhering mortar lumps
removed. Put log holes, etc., shall be solidly filled in the interior with cement
concrete 1:4:8 and the face with bricks to match adjoining work.

35
B.8.a.7 Bad Work : Should the mortar perish, i.e. become dry or powdery through neglect
of watering or masonry be hollow or the work not done according to plan and
specifications, the work shall be pulled down and rebuilt at contractors expenses.
If hollows or other defects are suspected a brick may be removed here and there
for confirmation. If hollows or other defects are confirmed such portions shall be
dismantled and rebuilt at the cost of the contractor.
B.8.a.8 Item to Include : 1) All labour, materials, use of tools, equipment and other items
incidental to the satisfactory completion of brick masonry.
2) Erecting and removing of all scaffolding, ladders and plant required for the
execution of the work to the height and depths and shapes as shown on the
plan or as ordered by the Engineer.
3) Dewatering required for completion this item and till the mortar of masonry,
pointing, plastering is properly set, unless separately provided in the tender.
4) Constructing brickwork to lines, levels, batters, curves and to any position or
shape, to the height and depth shown on the plans or as ordered by the
Engineer including striking joints and raking out joints and housing frames,
fixtures, etc. and rectifying defective work.
5) Watering the masonry.
6) Clearing the site round the brick work so as to restore the area to its original
condition.
B.8.a.9 Measurement and Payment : The contract rate shall be for a unit of one cubic
meter of brick masonry fully completed. The quantity of brick work to be paid
under this item shall be in number of cubic meters measured for the completed
work and to the limiting dimensions not exceeding those shown on the plans or as
ordered in writing by the Engineer. Battered, tapered and curved portions shall be
measured and quantity of individual items worked out correct to two places of
decimals of meter and a cubic meter respectively.
No deduction shall be made for (1) ends of dissimilar materials like girders, beams,
lintels, rafters, etc., up to 500 sq.cm. In section and (2) opening upto 0.1 sq.m. in
faced area.
When the brick work is to be plastered measurements will be exclusive of plaster.
Brick work shall normally be measured as under :
Half work shall normally be measured as under :
All brick wall shall be measured in m2 stating the thickness.
Brick walls upto and including two brick in thickness shall be measured in multiples
of half bricks which shall be deemed to be inclusive of the mortar joints, as under :
Width for Width for
conventional modular
bricks I.S.I. bricks
One brick wall shall be 230 mm. 20 cm.
measured as
One and half brick shall be 345 mm. 30 cm.
measured as

36
 Two bricks shall measured as 460 mm. 40 cm.
Width of more than two bricks in walls will be measured actually and limited to the
width specified.
Where fractions of half bricks occur due to architectural or other requirements the
measurement shall be taken as actual.
B.8b. BURNT BRICK MASONRY SECOND CLASS IN LIME/CEMENT
MORTAR
Burnt brick masonry second class in lime/cement mortar of specified proportion
including necessary scaffolding, watering masonry etc. complete.
B.1 Materials :

B.1.1 Bricks : Bricks shall comply with specification No. A.9.2. for second class bricks.
B.1.2 Mortar : Mortar shall conform to specification NO. B.3(a) for lime mortar/B.5 (a) for
cement mortar. Quantity of mortar to be used in one cu.m. of masonry shall vary
from 0.30 m.3 or 300 liters for thin masonry to 0.32 m.3. or 310 liters for thin
masonry to 0.33 m.3. or 330 liters for massive masonry of I.S.I. Bricks.
B.2 Joints : Joints shall not exceed 12 mm. in thickness and this thickness shall be
uniform throughout.
All other specifications of first class B.B. masonry shall apply to this class of
masonry also.
B.9. STONE MASONRY (GENERAL)
B.9.2 General : The following instructions are to be complied with for all classes of
stone masonry.
B.9.2 Materials :
B.9.2.1 Building Stone : Building stone shall comply with the specifications detailed in
A.8. Stones of the specified type and quality shall be obtained from the quarries
defined in the special provisions or from other sources approved by the Engineer.
The size of the stones shall be as specified for the item. The stone shall be kept
free from dirt, dust, oil or any other injurious materials which may attack the stone
or mortar or prevent adhesion of mortar. Stones with skins shall not be used.
Different categories of stones such as face stones headers, quoins, etc. shall be
collected in advance to suffice at least for a weeks requirement and shall be
stacked separately category wise.
B.9.2.2 Mortar : The mortar to be used shall be of the type and proportion mentioned in
the item or special provisions. Lime mortar if used, shall comply with specification
No. B.3(a). Cement mortar if used, shall comply with specification No. B.5(a).
Water for curing shall comply with specification No. A.5.
B.9.3 Dressing : Different types of dressing. The stones shall be dressed to one of the
following types specified for the item or as detailed in the specifications for the
particulars item itself.
B.9.3 a. Rough Tooled Dressing : Rough tooled surface shall have series of bands,
4 to 5 cm. wide, more or less parallel to tool marks all over the surface.
These marks may be either horizontal, vertical or at an angle of 45o as
required. The dressed stones may have depressions on the surfaces, the

37
 depth of gap between the surface and the straight edge held against it shall
not exceed 3 mm. This is also called One line dressed'.
b. Chisel or Punch Dressing : A chisel dressed surface shall have series of
parallel ridges. Chisel marks shall be left all over the surface. This dressing
shall be more even than rough tooled dressing. The depth of the gap
between the surface and a straight edge held against the surface shall not
exceed 2 mm. This surface dressing is also called Two line dressing.
c. Close Punched or Picked Dressing : A close punched dressed surface
shall be closer dressed further giving finer surface than the chisel or punch
dressing. The depth of gap between the surface and the straight edge held
against it shall not exceed 1 mm. This is also called as Three line dressing.
d. Fine Tooled Dressing : A fine tooled dressing is the one which is finer than
the close punched dressing such that all the unevenness is removed and the
fairly smooth surface is obtained. The surface shall have 5 to 4 lines per
centimeter width. Other types of dressing may also be specified in the special
provisions.
e. Samples : Samples of each category of stones of the specified quality &
dimensions dressed to the specified requirements shall be got approved by
the Engineer who will keep them in his office for reference.
B.9.4 Method of Laying Stone : The masonry shall be laid to lines, levels, curves and
shapes shown in the plans. Fixture, plugs, frames, etc., if any, shall be built in at
places shown on the plan or directed by the Engineer while laying the masonry and
not later by removing the stones already laid.
a) Stones in the hearting shall be laid on their broadest face which gives better
opportunity to fill the space between the stones.
b) Stratified stones must be laid on their natural beds. All bed joints shall be
normal to the pressure upon them.
c) In battered walls, the beds of stone and the plane of courses should be at
right angles to the batter.
d) The courses of masonry shall ordinarily be pre-determined. They shall
generally be of the same height. Where there is to be variation in height of
courses, larger courses are to be placed at the lower levels, the height of
courses decreasing gradually towards the top of the wall, unless plans specify
otherwise due to architectural requirements.
e) The stones shall be wetted before laying in mortar. Each mason shall be
supplied by the Contractor with a vessel full of water and a tumbler for wetting
stones, care being taken not to spill any water on green masonry. The bed
which is to be the stone shall be cleaned, wetted and covered with a layer of
fresh mortar. All stones shall be laid full in mortar both in bed and vertical
joints and settled carefully in place with a wooden mallet immediately on
placement and solidly bedded in mortar before it has set. Clean chips and
spells, carefully selected to fit in the spaces shall be wedged into the mortar
joints and beds wherever necessary, to avoid thick beds or joints of mortar.
When the foundation masonry is laid directly on rock, the face stones of the
first course shall be dressed to fit into the rock singly when pressed down in
the mortar bedding over the rock. No dry or hollow space shall be left anyw-

38
 here in the masonry and each stone shall have embedded faces completely
covered with mortar. If a portion of masonry is dismantled, every stone must
be found with mortar adhering fast to all its embedded surfaces and there
shall be no hollows. This will be one of the tests in deciding if the masonry is
good or bad if need arises. Where hollows or other defects are suspected a
stone here or there may be removed for confirmation. If these are confirmed
such portions shall be dismantled and rebuilt at the cost of the contractor.
f) Face work and hearting shall be brought up evenly but the top of each course
shall not be leveled up by use of flat chips.
g) In case any stone already set in mortar is disturbed or the joint broken, the
stone shall be taken out without disturbing the adjoining stones and joints, the
mortar thoroughly cleaned from the joints and stones and the stone reset in
fresh mortar. Attempts must never be made to slide one stone over another
already laid.
h) Shaping and dressing shall be done before the stone is laid in the work. No
dressing and hammering which will loosen the masonry will be permitted after
it is once placed.
i) There shall be good collection of stones and spalls within easy reach of each
mason to enable proper selection of stones for individual location while laying.
The stones shall be continuously replenished.
j) Bond :
1) To give sufficient lateral bond a stone in any course shall break joint with the
stone in the course below or above about half the height of the course and
generally not less than 8 cm. i.e. joints parallel to the pressure in courses
above and below shall not lie too closely near the same vertical line.
2) To give sufficient transverse bond, the prescribed number of headers shall
extend from front to back of thin walls up to a width of 60 cm. or prescribed
number of lines of over lapping headers from face to back of walls over 60
cm. thick. Overlaps shall be 15 cm. at each end. To ensure provision of full
number of headers of the required size, they shall be kept at specified
intervals in each course in advance of starting masonry and then embedded
in mortar. Their position in each course shall be staggered, so that each will
be near about the middle of the two in the courses below and above. Their
faces shall be marked with a distinguishing sign to identify them.
3) To bond work at all angle junctions of walls, the stones at each alternate
course shall be so carried into each of the respective walls as to join the work
thoroughly. Quoins shall be laid header and stretcher wise when seen on
each side of the wall.
4) When new work has to be started on the old or one completed a long while
ago or in the previous working season, care shall be taken to roughen and
clean old surface satisfactorily without disturbing the masonry before laying
the new. It shall be wetted before laying the bedding mortar.
5) Where practicable the whole of the masonry in any structure shall be carried
up to a uniform level throughout. But where breaks are unavoidable in
carrying up the work continuously in horizontal courses, sufficiently long step
shall be left to join the courses to be laid later. All junctions of walls shall be

39
 formed at the time the walls are being built, cross-walls should be carefully
bonded into the main walls.
6) The practice of building to faces tied with occasional through-stones and filling
up the middle with dry packing and putting mortar on top must be strictly
guarded against. Putting dry chips in the joints of stones before filling them
with mortar shall not be permitted.
7) For ensuring good bond masonry shall be left uneven at the top of each
course.
B.9.5 Treatment of Joints : When joints are to be pointed, they shall be raked to a
depth not less than their width when the mortar is still green. When pointing is not
to be done, the mortar in the joints shall be pressed and troweled smooth while
masonry is being laid. If this is not done, the joints shall be raked when the mortar
is green as mentioned above, cleaned and wetted filled with 1:3 cement mortar,
pressed and troweled smooth. Joints shall be raked when plastering is to done.
B.9.6 Watering : All masonry built in lime or cement mortar shall be initially protected
from sun, rain, etc., by wet hessain or straw till set and thereafter kept continuously
wet for 14 days from the date of laying unless other length of period is ordered in
the special provisions. Watering shall be done carefully in the beginning through a
rose so as not to wash the mortar out of the joints. On Sundays, holidays, at the
close of days work and other periods of cessation of work, the masonry is to be
kept continuously wet for the specified period of curing and labourers are to be
employed for the purpose. Should the contractor fail to water the work to the
satisfaction of the Engineer, the latter may supply requisite men, materials and
equipment to water the work properly and charge the cost to the contractor.
B.9.7 Bad Work : Should the mortar perish, i.e. become dry, white or powdery through
neglect of watering or if the masonry shows hollows joints or non adherence of
mortar to the stones or if the work does not confirm to the plans and these
specifications, the work must be pulled down and rebuilt at the contractors
expenses.
B.9.8 Final Finish : All masonry shall be washed down on completion and all stains and
adhering mortar removed from the face as the scaffolding is being lowered and
removed.
B.9.9 Iron, Stone, Concrete or other Fixtures, Buttresses, etc.:
All iron, stone, concrete or other fixtures, shall be built and bonded into the work in
proper place as work proceeds not inserted or joggled on after the masonry is
advanced.
B.9.10 Wet Foundations : In wet foundations, or other situations where water is met with,
the work space shall be kept free of water by the contractor while the masonry is in
progress and until the Engineer considers the mortar has sufficiently set.
Dewatering shall be carried out in such a way as not to injure the concrete or
masonry in any way. Dewatering shall also be done when required for taking
checking measurements, passing foundations, etc. Dewatering will be included in
the rate of masonry unless separate provision is made in the tender.
B.9.11 Scaffolding : Scaffolding required for facility of construction shall be provided by
the contractor at his expense.

40
 Scaffolding will be double or single as is warranted for the particular class of
masonry. But the ends of poles should not be placed in the position of header
stones. Scaffolding shall be erected with steel sections or pipes, bullies or
bamboos of adequate strength so as to be safe for all construction operations. The
contractor shall take all measures to ensure the safety of the work and working
people. Any instructions of the Engineer in this respect shall also be complied with.
The contractor shall be entirely responsible for any damage to property or injury to
persons resulting from ill erected scaffolding, defective ladders and materials or
otherwise arising out of his default in this respect. Proper scaffolding shall be
provided to allow easy approach to every part of the work. Overhead work shall not
be allowed.
Put log holes shall be made good by stones to match the face work when
scaffolding is being removed after ensuring that all holes behind are solidly filled in
with 1:4:8 cement concrete.
Clauses of this General Specification shall be applicable in all pertinent points to
the specifications for all classes of masonry.
B.9. (f) RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY 1ST SORT.
Random Rubble masonry 1st sort in cement lime mortar of specified proportion
including striking joints scaffolding, curing, etc. complete.
B.9(f)1 General : Specification No. B. 9 for stone masonry (general) shall apply in all
pertinent particulars. Random Rubble masonry shall also comply with the following
in addition.
B.9(f)2 Materials : Materials shall conform to specification No. B.9.2.
B.9(f)3 Dressing and size.
B.9(f)4 Face Stones : Height shall not be greater than breath of face and no stone shall
have its length less than 1 times its height. All the sides of the stones on the face
shall be dressed in straight lines and all the sides on the face shall be in one plane.
The stone face shall be rough tooled (one line dressed) and the sides shall be
rough tooled square up to and afford a bearing of at least 5 cm. (average) from
face. Individual stones shall have generally a face area of not less than 0.05 sq. m.
(about s. ft.). Face stones generally comply with specification No. A.8. The face
stones shall be selected from the mass of quarry stones for their larger size, good
beds, close grain and uniform colour. 50 percent of the stones shall be more than
0.010 cu. m. or 10 litres (about 1/3 c. ft.) in walls up to 50 cm. (about 20") in
thickness and 0.015 cu. m. or 15 litres (about c. ft.) in thicker walls. They shall be
as far as possible of equal size on the face and rough tooled.
B.9(f)5 Through stones : One through stone shall be provided per half square metre of
facing evenly distributed in a staggered pattern. They shall be about 0.05 sq. m.
(about sq. ft.) in face area and shall have a tailing of the full width of the
massonry when the width is 60 cm. (about 2') or less. If the wall or masonry be over
60 cm. (2') thick a line of headers overlapping each other by at least 15 cm. (about
6") shall be laid right through the wall from face to back. The length of the interior
headers shall not be less than 44 cm. (about 18") and their average cross sectional
area shall nnot be less than 0.03 sq. m. (about 1/3 sq. ft.). Header shall be distinctly
marked on its face.

41
B.9(f)6 Vertical headers : For massive work with a width of a metre (about 3.28") and
more vertical headers 45 cm. (about 18") long or depth of two courses whichever is
more shall be provided at the rate of one for every sq. metre (10.76 sq. ft.) of area
in plan. For every course a new set of headers shall be introduced at this rate i a
staggered pattern. The average sectional area of each should not be less than 0.03
sq. m. (about 1/3 sq. ft.).
B.9(f)7 Hearting ad backing stones : These stones shall comply with specification No.
A.8.3. These stones shall not be less than 15 cm. (about 6") in any direction. In
walls of 50 cm. (about 20") and less about 30 percent of the stones shall not be less
than 0.010 cu. m. or 10 litres (1/3 c. ft.) and for thicker walls about 30 percent of
stoes shall not be less than 0.015 cu. m. or 15 litres (about c. ft.). Backing shall
conform to U. C. R. masonry when it is to be plastered.
B.9(f)8 Quoins : Quoins shall be of selected stone and shall have rough / fine tooled
dressing. They shall be cut to the required size and shall normally have a height of
one course. If the plans show a height equal to two courses they shall be provided
accordingly. The beds and tops shall be square to the face and rough tooled to 10
cm. (about 4") from the face and vertical joints square and rough tooled to 4 cm.
(about 1") from the face. The length of the quoinns shall not be less than twice
the height or 44 cm. (about 18") whichever is more on the longer face nor less than
the height on the shorter face. In the embeded portion the length of the side shall
not be less than that of the side opposite by more than 8 cm. for the longer side and
5 cm. for the shorter side.
B.9(f)9 Scaffolding : Scaffolding shall comply with specification No. B.9.11.
B.9(f)10 Wet foundation : To comply with specification No. B.9.10
B.9(f)11 Construction details.
B.9(f)12 Laying : Specification in B.9 shall generally apply.
The face stones shall be laid absolutely without any pinnings on the exposed faces.
In each course the headers or lines of headers as the case may be, shall be kept in
position at specified intervals and with specified laps where such laps are required
before the masonry of the layer is commenced to ensure that they are being laid
properly and in required numbers and intervals. They shall be embeded in mortar
as masonry in that layer progresses.
Quoins shall be laid stretcher and headerwise as seen on each face and shall
corresponds to the arrangement of quoins in the same course.
The quantity of mortor for one cubic metre of thin and massive masonry shall range
from 0.25 cu. m. to 0.30 cu. m. and for water retaining masonry from 0.44 cu. m. to
0.46 cu. m.
B.9(f)13 Joints : No face joints shall exceed 6 mm. (about 1/4) in thickness. Stones shall be
arranged to break joint as much as possible and long vertical lines of jointing shall
be carefully avoided in the face work.
B.9(f)14 Striking joints : The face joints should be properly struck while the mortar is fresh.
Joints which cannot be so struck at the time of laying, shall be prepared for it by
raking joints to a depth of not less than 6 mm. (about 1/4") when the morter is fresh.
These joints should be properly cleaned of loose particles, wetted throughly and
filled with good fresh cement mortar 1:3 and finished off by being trowelled, smooth.

42
B.9(f)15 Rate of raising masonry : The rate of raising random rubble masonry brought up
in uniform levels may be limited to a height of 60 cm. (about 2') per day in case of
cement mortar and 45 cm. (about 20") in the case of lime mortar. But no fresh
course shall be laid over masonry previously laid within 4 hours of its Laying for
cement mortar and 8 hours for lime mortar.
B.9(f)16 Item to include : 1) Random rubble stone masonry first sort laid in cement lime
mortar of specified proportions, built in any position to any height or depth and to
lines levels, curves, and batters shown on the plans or as ordered by the Engineer
with headers, quoins, etc., including striking joints and curing. Cutting grooves
holes, etc. for fixing frames, fixtures, etc. is also included.
2) Erecting and removing all scaffolding, ladders and use of plant required for
execution of the item, safety of the labour and inspection of the work including
compensation for any injury, damage, etc.
3) Dewatering to allow construction in the dry and proper setting of masonry
unless separately provided in the tender.
4) Clearing the site round the masonry and backfilling so as to restore it to the
original condition.
5) All labour, use of tools, materials and other items incidental to satisfactory
completion of the item.
B.9(f)17 Mode of measurement and payment : The quantity of random rubble masonry to
be paid under this item shall be in number of cubic metres of the completed owrk
including quoins, etc. and with the limiting dimensions not exceeding those shown
on the plans or as fixed by the Engineer. The contract rate shall be based on a unit
of one cu. metre (about 35 cft.) of masonry. Dimensions shall be measured correct
to a centimetre and individual quantities shall be calculated upto two places of
decimals of a cubic metre.
B.9. (g) RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY 2ND SORT
Random Rubble masonry 2nd sort in cement / lime mortor of specified proportion
including striking joints, scaffolding, curing, etc. complette.
The specification for this item shall be exactly same as standard specification for
Random Rubble masonry 1st sort except for the following changes :
1) Faces shall be only hammer dressed as explained below. The bed and the joint
faces shall afford a square bearing of 2.5 cm. (about 1") average from face by
hammer dressing or chiselling.
The sharp and irregular projections on the stone face shall be knocked off by the
flat end of the scabbing or spalling hammer. The surface shall be further dressed by
lifting the hammer and then allowing the pointed end to drop on the surface freely.
This process shall be continued till a fairly uniform and even stone surface is
obtained.
Chisel may be used to obtain straight edges for the sides and square surfaces for
the beds and joints.
2) The width of the joints shall not be more than 12 mm. (about ").
If pointing or plastering is to be provided the joints shall be raked to not less than 12
mm. (about ") when the mortar is green. Otherwise they shall be struck.

43
3) The quantity of mortar for one cu. m. of masonry shall range from 0.30 cu. m. to
0.35 cu. m. for thin and massive masonry respectively and 0.46 cu. m. to 0.48 cu.
m. for water retaining masonry.
B.9. (h) COURSED RUBBLE MASONRY 1ST SORT
Coursed rubble masonry 1st sort in cement mortar of specified proportion including
scaffolding, curing, etc. complete.
1. General : Specification No. B.9 for stone masonry (General) shall apply in all
pertinent particulars. C. R. masonry 1st sort shall also comply with the following in
addition.
2. Materials : Materials shall conform to specification No. B.9.2.
3. Dressing and size : (a) Face stones- i) Khandki : The khandki stones received
from quarry shall be dressed so as to have the vertical and horizontal sides
perfectly straight, parallel and at right angles to adjacent sides. The four sides of
the stone on the face shall lie in one plane. Bushing on the face of the stones shall
not project more than 4 cm.(about 1"). The beds and tops shall be square to the
face and rough tooled to at least 8 cm. (about 3"), from the face. The side vertical
joint faces shall be square to the face and rough tooled to at least 4 cm (about
1/") from the face. The face have no depression below the plane of the sides.
All the khandki stones shall be more in breadth than in height and shall run back
into the masonry for not less than 1.5 times the height 30 percent of the khandkis
shall have tailing of twice their height. 30 percent of these face stones shall not be
less than 0.02 cu. metre or 20 litres (about 2/3 cu. ft.).
The height of the khandki shall not be less than 14 cm. (about 6") or as specified for
the particular item.
ii) These khandkis shall be provided for the interior face also when it is to remian
exposed or so specially provided.
b) Hearting and backing stones : When the interior face is to be plastered or
otherwise permanently remaining covered, backing stones shall be as specified for
U. C. R. masonry. Hearting and backing stones shall be as big as possible 30
percent of these stones shall not be less than 0.010 cu. m. or 10 litres (about 1/3
cft.) for walls 50 cm. (about 20") or less in thickness and for walls thicker than 50
cm. (about 20") 30 percent of them shall not be less than 0.015 cu. m. or 15 liters
(about 1/2 c.ft.).
c) Quoins : The quoins shall be of selected stone and shall normally be of the same
height as that of the course in which they are to be used. If the plans show a height
of two courses they shall be provided accordingly. The facts of quoins shall be
rough tooled or hammer dressed as directed by the Engineer. A chisel draft of
about 40 mm. (about 1") shall be provided on each side of the exposed corners.
The beds and tops shall be dressed square to the face and rough tooled to 10 cm.
(about 4") from the face and vertical joints similarly dressed to 4 cm. (about 1.5")
from the face. The length of the quoins shall not be less than twice their height or
44 cm. (about 18") whichever is more on the longer face nor less than their height
on the shorter face. In the embedded portion the length of the side shall not be less
than that of the exposed side opposite by more than 8 cm. (about 3") for the longer
side and 5 cm. (about 2") for the shorter side.

44
 d) Through stones : The height of through stones shall be the full height of the
course and width shall not be less than the height. The face, beds and joints shall
be dressed similar to khandkis.
They shall be about 0.05 sq. m. (about sq. ft.) in face area and 0.03 sq. m. (about
1/3 sq. ft.) in average cross sectional area and shall have a tailling of the full width
of masonry when the width in 60 cm. (about 2") or less. If the masonry be over 60
cm (about 2') in width, a line of headers overlapping each other by at least 15 cm.
(about 6") shall be laid right through the wall from the face to the back. The length
of the interior headers shall not be less than 44 cm. (about 18") and their average
cross sectional area shall not be less than 0.03 sq. m. (about 1/3 sq. ft.). Face
header shall be distinctly marked on its face.
(e) Vertical Headers : For massive work with a width of a metre (about 3.28') and
more, vertical headers 44 cm. (about 18") long or depth of two courses whichever is
more shall be provided. The average sectional area of each should not be less than
0.03 sq. m. (1/3 sq. ft.).
4. Construction : The stones shall be laid in horizontal course of not less than 14 cm.
(about 6") height. The stones in each course shall be of equal height and all
courses shall be of the same height unless otherwise specified or directed by the
Engineer. But no course shall be thicker than any course below it unless otherwise
shown on the plans or directed. The heights of different courses shall be
predetermined and shall match with the corresponding course in other parts of the
structure.
Khandki stones shall be provided for faces, remaining exposed.
The through stones shall be placed 1.5 metres (about 5') apart in the clear in every
course before starting the construction of that course and finally embedded in the
course.
Vertical headers shall be provided in the case of massive masonry where the
thickness of the masonry is one metre or more at the rate of one for every sq. metre
(about 10.76 sq. ft.) of area in plan. For every course a new set of headers shall be
introduced at this rate, in a staggered pattern.
The quoins shall be laid header and stretcher wise as seen on each face of the wall
and shall correspond to the arrangement of quoins in the same course.
The faces of masonry to be plastered or remaining permanently unexposed shall
conform to U. C. R. masonry unless otherwise directed.
The thickness of joint shall not exceed 10 mm. (about 3/8"). Where pointing is to be
done, the joints shall be raked to a depth of not less than 10 mm. (about 3/8) when
the mortar is green.
The quantity of mortar for one cubic metre of thin and massive masonry shall range
from 0.25 cu. m. to 0.30 cu. m. and from 0.44 to 0.46 cu. m. for water retaining
masonry.
5. Rate of raising masonry : The rate of raising masonry in cement mortar shall be
limited to 60 cm. (about 2') and in lime mortar shall be limited to 45 cm. (about 18")
per day. But no fresh course shall be laid over masonry previously laid within 4
hours of its laying for cement mortar and 8 hours for lime mortar.
6. Striking joints : The joints of the non-exposed face when pointing is not to be done
shall be neatly struck when the mortar is green. Joints which cannot be so struck at

45
 the time of laying shall be prepared first by raking joints to a depth of not less than
10 mm. (about 3/8") when the mortar is fresh. These joints shall be properly
cleaned of loose particles, wetted thoroughly and filled with good fresh cement
mortar 1:3 and finished off by trowelling smooth.
7. Cement pointing : When cement pointing is included in the item, it shall be done
according to specification No. B. 13.
8. Scaffolding : Scaffolding shall conform to specification No. B. 9.11
9. Wet foundations : To comply with specification No. B.9.10.
10. Item to include : 1) Coursed rubble masonry first sort laid in cement mortar/lime
mortar of specified proportion, built in any position to any height or depth and to
lines, levels, curves and batters shown on the plans or as ordered by the Engineer
including striking joints raking out joints and curing for the specified period. Chisel
drafting, chamfering and dressing the stones to lines, shapes and curves shown on
the working drawings, cutting grooves etc. for fixing frames, fixtures etc. headers
and rough tooled quoins are also included.
2) Erecting and removing all scaffolding, ladders and use of plant required for
execution of the item satisfactorily including compensation for any inquiry,
damage, etc.
3) Inspection facilities.
4) Dewatering unless separately provided for in the tender.
5) Cost of all labour, materials, use of tools and equipment and incidental items
required for satisfactory completion of the item.
6) Clearing site round the masonry.
11. Mode of measurement and payment : Then contract rate shall be for a unit of one
cu. metre of masonry completed in all respects, in place and accepted. The quantity
of coursed rubble masonry to be paid under this item shall be number of cu. metres
of finished work and the limiting dimensions shall not exceed those shown on the
plans or as ordered in writing by the Engineer.
Dimensions shall be measured and individual quantities calculated correct to 2
places of decimals of a metre and cubic metre respectively.
Battered, tapered or curved portions shall be measured net.
B.9. (i) COURSED RUBBLE MASONRY 2ND SORT :
Coursed rubble masonry 2nd sort in cement mortar / lime mortar of specified
proportion including scaffolding, curing etc., complete.
The specification for this item shall be exactly the same as standard specification B.
9. (h) for the coursed rubble masonry 1st sort except for the following changes :
1) Two stones may be used for height in one course up to 50 per cent, of the face
area.
2) The thickness of joint shall not exceed 12 mm.(about1/2).
3) Backing shall be of U.C.R. masonry, when unexposed or plastered.

46
 4) The quantity of mortar for one cu. m. of thin and massive masonry shall range
from 0.28 cu. m. to 0.33 cu. m. respectively and 0.46 cu. m. to 0.48 mm. for
water retaining masonry.
5) The faces of quoins shall be rough tooled or provided the same type of
dressings as Khandkies as directed by the Engineer. A chiset draft of about 40
mm. (about 1 1/2") shall be provided on each side of the exposed corner.
B.9. (j) COURSED RUBBLE MASONRY 3RD SORT
Coursed rubble masonry 3rd sort in cement mortar / lime mortar of specified
proportion including scaffolding etc. complete.
1) General : Specification No. B.9 for stone masonry (General) shall apply in all
pertinent particulars. C.R. masonry 3rd sort shall also comply with the following in
addition.
2) Materials : Materials shall conform to specification No. B.9.2.
3) Dressing and Size : Stones to be set in the work shall be as received from the
quarry after merely knocking off weak corners and edges with a mason's hammer.
All the sides of the stones on the face shall be dressed in straight lines and all
these sides shall be in one plane. The beds and joints shall afford a bearing of at
least 2.5 cm. (about 1") average. Individual stones shall have a width of not less 19
cm. (about 8") in its thickest part and no stone shall be less in width than height and
less in length than 1 1/2 times its height. Each stone shall be about 0.015 cu. m. or
15 litres (about 1/2 cft.) or more
4) Face stones : Face stones shall generally comply with specification No. A.8 The
face stones shall be selected from the mass of quarry stones for their larger size,
good beds, close grain and uniform color. 50 per cent of the stones shall be more
than 0.015 cu. m. or 15 litres (about 1/2 cft.) in walls up to 50 cm. (about 20") in
thickness and 0.02 cu. m. or 20 litres (about 2/3 cu. ft.) in thicker walls.
5) Through stones : Each through stone on the face shall have its width not less than
the height and shall tail into the work at least 3 times its height.
One through stone shall be provided per half square metre of facing evenly
distributed in a staggered manner. Through stones of successive courses should
not be placed one above the other. They shall be about 0.05 sq. m. (about 1/2 sq.
ft.) in face area and shall have a tailing of 60 cm. (about 2) or the width of the wall
whichever is less. If the wall of masonry be over 60 cm. (about 2) thick, a line of
headers overlapping each other by at least 15 cm. (about 6") shall be laid right
through the wall from face to back. The length of the interior headers shall not be
less than 45 cm. (about 18") and their average cross sectional area shall not be
less than 0.005 sq. m. (about 1/4 sq. ft.). Face header shall be distinctly marked on
its face.
6) Verticle headers : For massive work with a width of metre (about 3.28') and more,
verticle headers 45 cm. (about 18") long shall be provided at the rate of one for
every sq. metre (about 10.75 sq. ft.) of area in plan. For every course, a new set of
headers shall be introduced at this rate in as taggered pattern. Their average
sectional area shall not be less than 0.03 sq. m. (about 1/3 sq. ft.)
7) Hearting and backing stones : These stones shall comply with specification
No.A.8.3. These stones shall not be less than 15 cm. (about 6") in any direction. In
walls of 50 cm. (about 20") thickness and less, about 30 per cent of the stones

47
 should not be less than 0.010 cu. m. or about 10 metres (1/3 cft.) and foot thicker
walls about 30 per cent of the stone shall not be less than 0.015 litres (about 1/2 cu.
ft.)
8) Quoins : The quoins shall be selected stone and shall normally be 19 cm. x 24 cm.
x 39 cm. (about 8" x 10" x 16") or as directed by the Engineer. The faces of quoins
shall be rough tooled or provided the same type of dressing as that of the face
stones as directed. Chisel draft of about 40 mm. (about 1 1/2") shall be provided on
each side of the exposed corner.
9) The beds and tops shall be dressed square to the face and rough tooled to 10cm.
(about 4") from the face and verticle joints similarly dressed to 4 cm. (about 1.5")
from the face. In the embedded portion the length of the side shall not be less than
that of the exposed side opposite by more than 8 cm. (about 3") for the longer side
and 5 cm. (about 2") for the shorter side. The sizes of quoins shall be uniform.
10) Wet foundations : To comply with specification No. B.9.10.
11) Construction details : Laying - Specification in B.9 for stone masonry (general)
shall generally apply. The face stones shall be laid without any pinnings on the
exposed faces. The edges of adjoining stones shall be parallel too allow joints of
fairly uniform width. In each course, the headers or lines of headers as the case
may be, shall be kept in position at specified intervals and specified laps where
such laps are required before the masonry of the layer is commenced to ensure
that they are being laid properly and in required number and intervals. They shall
be embedded in mortar as masonry in that layer progresses.
A horizontal joint shall be introduced at intervals specified on the drawing or as
ordered by the Engineer throughout the masonry. The height of the course shall be
a whole multiple of the height of the quoins.
Quoins shall be laid stretcher and headerwise as seen on each face and shall
correspond to the arrangement of quoins in the same course.
Where the height of courses is less than 20 cm. (about 8 ") 30 per cent of face area
shall be made up of stones of full height of the course. In the remaining area not
more that 3 stnones shall be used to make up the heigth.
Where the height of courses is between 20 cm. and 40 cm. (about 8" and 16") 30
per cent of the face area shall be made up by stone each with a face area of not
less than 0.03 sq. m. (about 1/3 sq. ft.) and for the remaining area the stones shall
have a face area of not less than 0.015 sq. m. (about 1/6 sq. ft.)
The quantity of mortar for one cu. m. of thin and massive masonry shall range from
0.30 to 0.35 cu. m. respectively and for water retaining masonry from 0.46 cu. m. to
0.48 cu. m.
Joints - The face joint width shall not exceed 16 mm. (about 5/8").
Striking joints - The face joints shall be properly struck while the mortar is frest.
Joints which cannot be struck at the time of laying, shall be prepared for it by raking
joints to a depth of not less than 16 mm. (about 5/8") when the mortar is fresh.
These joints should be properly cleaned of loose particles, wetted throughly and
filled with good fresh cement mortar 1:3 and finished off by being trowelled smooth.
Rate of raising masonry - The rate of raising coursed rubble third sort masonry per
day shall be limited to a height of 60 cm. (about 2') or the height of course
whichever is less in cae of cement mortar and 45 cm. (about 18") in the case of

48
 lime mortar. But no fresh course shall be laid over masonry previously laid withihin
4 hours of its laying for cement mortar and 8 hours for lime mortar.
12) Item to include - (1) Coursed rubble third sort masonry laid in cement mortar/lime
mortar of specified proportions, built in any position to any height or depth and to
lines, levels, curves and batters shown on the plans or as ordered by the Engineer
including quoins, headers etc. and striking joints and curing.
(2) Erecting and removing all scaffolding, ladders and use of plant required for
execution of the item satisfactorily, safety of the labour and inspection of the
work including compensation for any infury, damage, etc.
(3) Dewatering unless separately provided in the tender.
(4) Clearing the site round the masonry.
(5) All labour, use of tools, materials and other items incidental to satisfactroy
completion of the item.
13) Mode of measurement and payment : The contract rate shall be for one cu. m.
(about 35 cft.) of finished masonry including quoins, etc.
The dimensions shall be limited to the dimensions shown on the plan or as ordered
by the Engineer.
Dimensions shall be measured correct upto a cm. and the cubic contents calculated
correct upto two places of decimals of a cubic metre.
B.9. (k) UNCOURSED RUBBLE MASONRY
Uncoursed Rubble masonry in cement / lime mortar of specified proportion
including striking joints, scaffolding, watering etc. complete.
1) General - Specification No. B.9 for stone masonry (general) shall apply in all
pertinent particulars. U.C.R masonry shall also comply with the following in
addition.
2) Materials - Materials shall conform to specification No. B.9.2.
3) Dressing and size - Stones to be set in the work shall be as received from the
quarry after merely knocking off weak corners and edges with a mason's hammer.
In the case of face stones all the sides of the stones shall be dresed in straight lines
and all the sides shall be in one plane. Individual stones shall have thickness and
width of not less than 15 cm. (about 6") in its thickest part and no stones shall be
less in length than 1 1/2 times its height.
4) Face stones - Face stones shall generally comply with specification No. A.8. The
face stones shall be selected from the mass of quarry stones for their greater size,
good beds. close grain and uniform colour. 50 per cent of the stones shall be more
than 0.010 cu. m. or 10 letres (about 1/3 c. ft.) in walls upto 50 cm. (about 20") in
thickness and 0.01 cu. m. or 15 litres (about 1/2 c.ft.) in thicker walls. The beds and
joints shall have an average bearing of not less than 2 cm. (about 3/4")
5) Through stones - One through stone shall be provided per half square metre of
facing evenly distributed. They shall be about 0.03 sq. m. (about 1/3 s q. ft. in
face area and shall have a tailing of the full width of the masonry when the width is
60 cm. (about 2') or less. If the wall or masonry be over 60 cm. (about 2') in width
line of headers overlapping each other by at least 15 cm. (about 6") shall be laid
right through the wall from face to back. The length of the interior headers shall not

49
 be less than 45 cm. (about 18") and their average cross sectional area shall not be
less than 0.025 sq. m. (about 1/4 sq. ft.) Face header shall be distinctly marked on
its face.
6) Vertical headers - For massive work with a width of metre (about 3.28') and above,
vertical headers 45 cm. (about 18") long or depth of two courses whichever is more
shall be provided at the rate of one for every sq. metre (about 10.76 sq. ft) of area
in plan. For every course a new set of headers shall be introduced at this rate in
staggered pattern. Their average sectional area shall not be less than 0.03 sq. m.
(1/3 sq. ft.).
7) Hearing and backing stones - These stones shall comply with specification
No.A.8.3. In walls of 50 cm. (about 20") and less about 30 per cent. of the stone
shall not be less than 0..10 cu. m. or litres (about 1/3 cft.) and for thicker walls
about 30 per cent of stones shall not be less than 0.015 cu. m. or 15 litres (about
1/2 cft.).
8) Quoins - The quoins shall be of selectd stone and shall normally be 19 cm. x 24
cm. x 39 cm. (about 8" x 10" x16") or as directed by the Engineer. The faces of
quoins shall be rought tooled or provided the same type of dressing as that of the
face stones as directed. Chisel draft of about 40 mm. (about1") shall be provided
on each side of the exposed corner.
The beds and tops shall be dressed square to the face and rough tooled to 10 cm.
(about 4") from the face and vertical joints similarly dressed to 4 cm. (about 1.5")
from the face. In the embedded portion the length of the side shall not be less than
that of the exposed sideopposite by more than 8 cm. (about 3") for the longer side
and 5 cm. (about 2") for the shorter side.
9. Scaffolding : Scaffolding shall comply with specification No. B. 9.11.
10. Wet foundation : To comply with specification in B.9 for stone masonry (general)
shall generally apply.
The face stone shall be laid without any plannings on the exposed faces. In each
course the headers or lines of headers as the case may be kept in position at
specified intervals and with specified laps where such laps are required before the
masonry of the layer is commenced to ensure that they are being laid properly and
in required numbers and intervals. They shall be embedded in mortar as masonry
in that layer progresses.
Quoins shall be laid stretcher and headerwise as seen on each face and shall
correspond to the arrangement of quoins in the same course.
The quantity of mortar for 1 cubic metre of thin and massive masonry shall range
from 0.30 cu. m. to 0.35 cu. m. respectively and for water retaining masonry from
0.46 cu. m. to 0.48 cu. m.
Joints : No face joints shall exceed 16 mm. (about 5/8").
Striking joints : The face joints should be properly struck while the mortar is fresh.
Joint which cannot be so struck at the time of laying, shall be prepared for it by
raking joints to a depths of not less than 16 mm. (about 5/8") when the mortar is
fresh. These joints should be properly cleaned of loose particles, watted thoroughly
and filled with good fresh cement mortar 1:3 and finished off by being trowelled
smooth.
Rate of raising masonry : The rate of raising uncoursed rubble masonry brought up
in uniform levels may be limited to a height of 60 cm. (about 2') per day in case of
50
 cement mortar and 45 cm (about 18") in the case of lime mortar. But no fresh
course shall be laid over masonry previously laid within 4 hours of its laying for
cement mortar and 8 hours for lime mortar.
12. Item to include : 1) Uncoursed rubble masonry laid in cement / lime mortar of
specified proportion, built in any position to ony height of depth and to lines, levels,
curves and batters shown on the plans or as ordered by the Engineer including
quoins, headers, etc. and striking joints and curing.
2) Erecting and removing all scaffolding, ladders and use of plant required for
execution of the item, safety of the labour and inspection of the work including
compensation for any injury damage, etc.
3) Dewatering to allow construction in the dry and proper setting of masonry
unless separately provided in the tender.
4) Clearing the site round the masonry.
5) All labour, use of tools, materials and other items incidental to satisfactory
completion of the item.
13. Mode of measurement and payment : The quantity of uncoursed rubble masonry
to be paid under this item shall be in number of cubic metres of the finished work
including quoins etc. and with the limiting dimensions not exceeding those shown
on the plans or as fixed by the Engineer. The contract rate shall be based on a unit
of one cu. metre (about 35 cft.) of finished masonry. Dimensions shall be measured
and individual quantities calculated correct upto two places of decimals of a metre
and cubic metre respectively.
B.10. MILD STEEL BAR H.Y.STEEL TWISTED BAR REINFORCEMENT FOR R.C.C.
B.10.1. General : The item provides for the supply of mild steel twisted bars, cutting,
bending, binding with galvanised iron wire and erecting in position for reinforcement
in the R.C.C.
B.10.2. Materials : (1) Mild steel H.Y. Steel twisted bars shall confirm to the specification
No. A.10 (2). The binding wire shall confirm to the specification No. A.15.
B.10.3. Supply : When the supply is made by the Department, the contractor shall convey
the mild steel bars from the place of delivery mentioned in schedule A of the
tender to the site of work. The contractor shall be solely responsible for any
damage during the conveyance and till it is used.
When the contractor supplied mild steel reinforcement bars obtained from the
market they shall be supplied to the site of work without damage.
B.10.4. Fabrication : Reinforcing steel shall be thoroughly cleaned of all coatings of any
character that would destroy or reduce the bond.
Bending Reinforcement shall confirm accurately to the dimension and shapes
shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer. Bars shall not be bent or
straightened in a manner that will injure the material. Bars with kinks, bends or
cracks shall not be used. Bars shall be bent cold to the shape and dimensions
shown in the drawings or as directed by the Engineer in writing. Bar bender may be
used to attain proper radii of bends and shapes. Bars which may be bent during
transport or handling shall be properly straightened before being placed in the work
without heating them. Bending bar by heating to cherry red heat not exceeding
815oC (about 1,500oF) may be allowed for bars larger than 25 mm. diameter except

51
 for bars which depend for their strength on cold working. Hot bars shall not be
cooled by quenching.
B.10.4.1 Details of lengths, sizes, laps and bending diagrams shall be got approved by the
Engineer. This is to secure additional precautions against errors.
B.10.5 Splicing and Lapping : All reinforcement shall be furnished in full lengths
indicated on the plans as far as possible. Splicing bars except as shown on the
plans will not be permitted without the written approval of the Engineer. When full
lengths are not available, bars shall be spliced. Splices of tensile reinforcement at
points of maximum stress and of adjacent bars at the same place shall be avoided.
Splices shall be staggered as far as possible and located at suitable points. A
welded or mechanical connection if adopted, shall develop the full strength of the
bars. Unless otherwise shown on the plans, bars shall be lapped as specified in
I.S. 456-1964 with due regard to the grade of concrete. In lap-splices, bars shall be
placed in contact and just wired together to keep in place.
B.10.6. Coupling : Whenever plans and specifications call for the use of coupling boxes or
bottlenuts to join bars, they shall have sufficient cross section to transmit the full
strength of the bars. The ends of the bars which are joined by coupling shall be
upset for a sufficient length so that effective cross section after cutting the screw
threads shall be less than the normal cross section of the bars.Screw threads shall
be standard with worth threads. Coupled joints will be paid for separately.
Number of tensile tests shall be indicated in specification No. B.10.7.
B.10.7. Welding : Whenever plans and specifications call for welding of joints in
reinforcement bars in lieu of lapping them, the bars shall be butt-welded so as to
transmit their full strength. Welding shall generally confirm to specification No. B.18
and I.S. 456-1964 except as modified below and when otherwise directed by the
Engineer. Welded joints shall be so staggered that in any one section equal to the
lap length of the bars, not more than 33 per cent of the bars are welded.
Electricwelding or oxyacetylene process of welding, using a process which will
exclude air from the molten metal and confirming to any special provisions for the
welding as laid down by the Engineer in writing will be accepted. Suitable means
shall be provided for holding the bars securely in position during the process of
welding. The ends of the bars shall be cleaned of all loose scale, rust, grease,
paint and other foreign matter and clean original metal exposed before welding.
Only competent and experienced welders shall be employed on the work.
Preliminary tests of the welds shall be carried out at the contractors cost to see that
the actual field welding method is satisfactory and dues required strength. Two
welds in 100 welds or a minimum of two welds shall be made on the side on test
pieces under conditions exactly similar to the field welding of actual reinforcement
bars and tested for their tensile strength. The strength of the welded joint shall not
be less than that of the original bar. If the tests are not satisfactory, change of
welding procedure and further tests may be ordered by the Engineer. Bars welded
alongwith the welded samples, found unsatisfactory on test shall be cut and
rewelded. Additional welds if required on this account shall not be paid for. All the
tests shall be at the cost of contractor.
When welded joints are required they will be paid for separately.
No part of the reinforcement embedded in concrete shall be used for conducting
electric current.

52
B.10.8. Substitution : Substitution of sizes of bars different from those specified will be
permitted at the contractor only if authorised by the Engineer. The steel substituted
shall have an area not less than the designed area provided further that the safe
bond stress is not exceeded. If such substituted steel has larger area than that
originally specified, such excess weight due to larger area will not be paid for.
B.10.9. Placing and Fastening : All reinforcement shall be accurately placed in position
with spacing & cover shown on the plan & firmly held so during the placing and
setting of concrete. Bars shall be tied at all intersections. Binding wire of 1.63 mm.
or 1.22 mm diameter ( about 16 or 18 gauge ) shall be used. Alternatively the
Engineer may permit spot welding instead of tying by wire. Spacing of bars shall be
maintained by means of stays, blocks, ties, spacers, hangers or other approved
supports at sufficiently close intervals so that bars will not sag between supports
not be displaced during placing, vibrating or compacting concrete or by any other
operation. Metal supports which extend to the surface of the concrete except where
shown in the plans and wooden supports shall not be allowed. Placing bars for
reinforcement on a layer of fresh concrete as the work progress, will not be perm-
itted. The use of pieces of broken stones or bricks or wooden blocks for
maintaining spacing or cover shall not be permitted. Layers of bars shall be
separated by precast cement mortar blocks, spacer bar, or other approved devices.
Special care shall be taken to prevent any disturbance of the reinforcement in
concrete that has already been placed. Reinforcement after being placed in
position shall be maintained in a clean condition till it is completely embedded in the
concrete. All bars protruding from concrete to which other bars are to be spliced
and which are likely to be exposed for an indefinite period shall be protected from
rusting by a thin coat of cement wash.
B.10.10. Inspection : Full details of the numbers, sizes, lengths, weights, laps, welds,
spacing of the bars placed in position in different parts of the work shall be
recorded, certified and signed by the Engineer to show that all reinforcement has
been placed correctly as per the sanctioned drawing or as order by the Engineer in
writing before placing concrete. No concrete shall be deposited until the Engineer
has inspected and certified the correctness of reinforcement, recorded the steel
measurements and given permission to place the concrete in writing. After the
approval of reinforcement by the Engineer it will be the contractors responsibility to
see that the reinforcement spacing and arrangements are not tampered with in any
way before or during concreting.
B.10.11. Tests : When the contractor supplies his own steel, he shall produce the test
certificate. If there is any doubt about the quality, tensile and cold bend tests shall
be carried out according to I.S. 432-1966 in an approved laboratory and the cost of
the tests shall be borne by the contractor if the results are unsatisfactory and by the
Department if the results are satisfactory.
B.10.12. Items to Include : (1) Cost of labour, material, use of tools, plant and tackle and
other incidental items to complete the work included under the item satisfactorily.
(2) Supplying, conveying, cleaning, bending, binding with 1.63 mm. or 1.22 mm.
diameter ( 16 or 18 gauge ) wire or spot-welding and placing reinforcement in
position and maintaining it clean and in position till the concrete is laid.
(3) Cost of sampling and testing.
B10.13 Measurement and Payment : The contract rate shall be on weight basis for one
metric tone of mild steel reinforcement. The weight of steel reinforcement

53
 incorporated in the concrete will be measured in metric tones based on the total
computed weights for the sizes and lengths of bars, as shown on the plan or as
ordered by the Engineer. The lengths of the bars shall be measured correct to two
places of decimals in meters and the weight payable would be worked out correct
to 0.l0 of a kg.
The wire for tying and devices for supporting bars and maintaining various
clearances will not be measured or paid.
No payment will be made for clips, binding wires, tack welding done in lieu of tying,
separators, wire chairs and other materials used for fastening and supporting
reinforcement in place. If the bars are substituted at the contractors request and
as a result more steel is used than specified, only the quantity specified shall be
paid. Authorised lap lengths shall be paid for. If the lengths of bars contemplated
in the designs are not available and the Engineer certifies the fact, steel involved in
more number of laps will be paid for. When laps are made for splices other than
those shown on the plans for the convenience of the contractor or lengths of laps
more than indicated above, the extra steel will not be paid for. Any extra lengths of
bars over the design if used (as shown on the plan) shall not be paid for..
B.11. CEMENT PLASTER
Plastering concrete, stone, or brick masonry surface in cement mortar of specified
proportion and specified thickness including scaffolding, curing, etc., complete as
directed.
B.11.1 Materials : Cement Mortar : Cement mortar shall have the proportion of cement
to sand as mentioned in the wording of the items or in the special provisions and
shall comply with specification No. B.5(a) for cement mortar for plaster.
B.11.2. Scaffolding : Shall be as per B.9.11.
B.11.3. Preparatory Work : All joints in the face work that is to be plastered shall be
raked out to a depth equal to not less than the width of the joints or as directed by
the Engineer. The raking shall be done taking care not to allow any chipping of
masonry. In new work the raking out shall be done when the mortar in the joints is
still green. Smooth surfaces of concrete, old plaster, etc., must be suitably
roughened to provide necessary bond for the plaster. All dirt, soot, oil, paint or any
other material that might interfere with satisfactory bond shall be removed. In the
case of stone masonry, bushing on the walls to receive the plaster shall not be
more than 12 mm. The surface to be plastered shall be cleaned and scrubbed with
fresh water and kept wet for 6 hours prior to plastering. It shall be kept damp
during the progress of the work. The plastering shall not be commenced unless the
preparatory work is passed in writing by the Engineer.
B.11.4. Gauges : Patches of plaster 15 cm. x 15 cm.(about 6"x 6) shall be put on about 3
m apart as gauges to ensure even plastering in one plane.
B.11.5. Plastering : In all plaster work the mortar shall be firmly applied with some what
more than the required thickness and well pressed into the joints and on the
surface and rubbed and leveled with a flat wooden rule to give required thickness.
Long straight edges shall be freely used to ensure a perfectly plane and even
surface. All corners must be finished to their true angles or rounded as directed by
the Engineer. The surface shall be finished to plane or curved surfaces as shown
on the plan or directed by the Engineer and shall present a neat appearance.

54
 The mortar shall adhere to the masonry surface intimately when set and there
should be no hollow sound when struck. cement plastering should be done in
squares or strips as directed. Plastering shall be done from top downward.
B.11.6. Finishing : In any continuous face of a wall, finishing treatment of any type should
be carried out continuously and day to day breaks made to coincide with
architectural breaks in order to avoid unsightly junctions.
B.11.7. Moulding : All moulding shall be worked true to template and drawn neat, clean
and level. All exposed angles and junctions with door frames, etc., shall be
carefully finished, arises shall be beaded if ordered.
B.11.8. Watering and Curing : All plaster work shall be kept damp continuously for a
period of 14 days. To prevent excessive evaporation on the sunny or windward side
of the building in hot, dry weather, matting or gunny bags may be hung over on the
outside of the plaster in the beginning and kept moist.
Should the contractor fail to water the work to the satisfaction of the Engineer, the
latter may engage requisite labour, materials and equipment to water the work
properly at the cost of the contractor.
B.11.9. Bad Work : Should the mortar of the plaster perish through neglect of watering or
for any other default and if the work is not done as specified above, the plaster shall
be removed and redone at the contractors expense.
B.11.10 Item to Include :
1) Erecting, dismantling and removing the scaffolding.
2) Preparing the surface to receive the plaster.
3) Providing cement plaster of the specified average thickness with specified
number of coats.
4) Dewatering when necessary if not separately provided in the tender.
5) All labour, materials, use of tools and equipment to complete the plastering as
per specification.
6) Curing for 14 days.
7) Any moulding work if shown on the drawings or as specified unless separately
provided in the tender.
B.11.11 Mode of measurement and payment :-
The contract rate shall be per square meter of plastering of specified thickness. All
work shall be measured net in square mtrs. Dimensions shall be measured and
quantity worked out correct upto two places of decimals in meter and square meter
respectively. If the average thickness of polyester provided by the contractor is
more than what is specified on any account, no extra payment will be made.
B.11.(a) Cement Plaster in one coat :-
The above specifications in B.11 will apply in all pertinent particulars besides the
following ;
In case of stone masonry the bushings on walls to receive the plaster shall be
removed to within 12 mm before laying in masonry and the plaster shall cover all
projections by at least 6 mm.

55
 The plaster shall then be laid on with somewhat more than the required thickness
and pressed and leveled with a flat wooden rule or fault to required thickness. The
average finished thickness of plaster shall be as required in the wording of the item.
The surface shall be rubbed smooth after floating it with a thick coat of pure
portland cement slurry while the base coat is still fresh. If neeru finish is specified
floating with near cement will not be required.
B.11.(b) Cement Plaster in two coats :
Specification No. B.11 will apply in all pertinent particulars.
When plaster is to be laid in two coats, the average thickness of first coat of plaster
is generally 10 mm on brick work and 20 mm (about 3/4") on rubble masonry. The
first coat is applied as per B.11(a) but the surface is not floated or polished but
roughened to give a key to the second coat of plaster. Before the first coat hardens,
it shall be combined in way lines about 12 mm deep. The first coat shall be kept
damp for at least 2 days immediately following its application. It shall then be
allowed to become thoroughly dry. Before starting to apply the second coat the
surface of the first coat shall be damped evenly. The finishing coat shall be of such
thickness as to make the total average finished thickness equal to the required
plaster thickness as per item. The finished surface shall be true and even and
present a uniform texture throughout and all joining marks shall be eliminated.
B.13. CEMENT POINTING
Cement pointing with mortar of specified proportion to stone masonry or brickwork
including raking out joints, watering, etc. complete.
B.13.1 Materials : Cement Mortar :
Cement mortar for pointing shall be of the specified mix and be as per specification
No. B.5(a)
B.13.2. Scaffolding :
Scaffolding to be as per specification No. B.9.11.
B.13.3. Construction details :
B.13.3.1.Unless other types of pointing are specified in the item or the special provisions,
pointing shall be of the grooved type. The joints in the masonry shall be raked out
to a depth not less than the width of the joint for as directed in the special
provisions or by the Engineer, when the mortar is green. The joints are to be
brushed clean of dust and loose particles with a stiff brush. The area shall then be
washed and the joints thoroughly wetted before pointing is commenced.
B.13.3.2 The raked out joints shall be filled with mortar of the specific mix and required
consistency and well pressed and rubbed smooth.
B.13.3.3 The semi-circular depression 3 mm diameter shall be made in the joint by pressing
a clean string with trowel keeping the string exactly horizontal and on the center line
of t5h joint. The vertical joints shall be similarly marked. These depressed lines will
then be immediately rubbed with a nayla till they become uniformly 6 mm.(about
1/4") wide and assume fairly blackish colour.
Intersection of the horizontal and vertical joints shall be finished neatly with the
vertical lines just touching the horizontal line but not crossing it. Where joints are
not horizontal and vertical a sin the case of uncoarsed rubble masonry, the pointing
shall be made along the center line of actual joints and the junctions of pointing
56
 made neatly. The pointing mortar shall not spread over the adjoining stones.
Mortar pointing shall be restricted to the width of the joints and all superfluous
mortar shall be removed with a trowel.
B.13.4. Watering :
The pointed face shall be kept continuously wet for 14 days after initial set.
Should the contractor fail to water the work as specified, the Engineer may if
required in the interest of work and to keep the schedule programme, supply
labour, materials and equipment to water the work and charge the cot to the
contractor.
B.13.5. Bad Work :
Should the mortar parish or deteriorate through neglect of watering or any other
default and if the work is not done neatly and as specified above, the pointing shall
be removed and redone at the expense of the contractor.
B.13.6. Item to include :
Cement pointing shall include erecting and removal of scaffolding, all labour,
materials and equipment incidental to complete the pointing, dewatering if
necessary till the mortar is unless separately provided for, raking out joints,
cleaning, wetting, filling with mortar, troweling, pointing with nayla and watering.
B.13.7. Measurement and payment :
The contract rate shall be for a unit of one square meter of cement pointing. The
dimensions of individual measurement shall be correct upto a centimeter and
quantity calculated correct to two places of decimals of a square meter.

B.18. WELDING
B.18.1. General :- The specifications given hereunder shall apply to welding as applied to
new and existing mild steel structures and mild steel reinforcement for R. C. C.
work. Welding may be adopted in R. C. C. work in the following cases :-
a) Fillet welding forplaceing the reinforcement in correct position or for providing
cross bars in lieu of hooks.
b) But welding or reinforcing bars. Welding shall be made by the metal are process
unless oxyacetylene gas welding is specially permitted by the Engineer in writing.
The specifications for the former have been given in B. 18 (a) and for the latter in B.
18 (b).
B.18.2. Welding Contract : i) The welding work shall not be given to a contractor who does
not produce satisfactory evidence of his ability to handle the work in a competent
manner. The contractor shall also prove the ability of the operators employed by
him to produce welding connection of the required strength.
ii) The contractor shall employ a competent welding supervisor or charge-hand to
ensure that the standard of workmanship is satisfactory.
iii) The Engineer shall have free access to the work being carried out by the
contractor at all reasonable times and facility shall be provided so that during the
course of welding he may be able to inspect any layer of weld metal. He shall be
cut out and rewelded.

57
B.18.3. Safety requirements and health provisions : The contractor shall make all safety
and health provisions for his welders as are laid in I. S. 818-1968, i.e., Code of
practice of safety and health requirements in electric and gas welding and cutting
operations.
B.18.(A) METAL ARC WELDING
B.18.(a)1. Metal arc welding in structural steel work - Material - Electrodes - Electrodes used
for strength welds shall conform to I. S. 814-1974. They shall be of shape and size
approved by the Engineer. They shall be preserved from oxidation and shall be
kept in clean condition.
Welding : The size of the weld and the position where the weld shall be placed shall
be entirely as per the drawings supplied or as directed by the Engineer.
Design of welds, drawings, permissible stresses in welds, welding in compression
and tension members, welding in plate girders lacing, battening, welding equipment
and electrodes shall be all as per I. S. 816-1969. Code of practice for the use of
metal arc welding for general construction in mild steel.
Welded fabrication of structural steel shall be on the lines given in I. S. 800-1962.
The following instructions shall also be followed from point of view of workmanship
:-
i) Welders and work shall as far as possible be protected from wind and weather.
ii) Welds should be made in the flat position wherever possible.
iii) Adequate steps shall be taken to maintain the correct arc length, rate of travel,
current and polarity for the type of electrode and nature of work.
iv) Structural steel shall not be painted or oiled on any areas where welding is to
be done and shall be well cleaned to remove any paint, scab, or rust and
expose original clean metal surface immediately before welding.
v) The member shall be securely held in position by means of tack welds, service
bolts, clamps or jigs before commencing welding so as to prevent any relative
movement due to distortion, wind or other causes. When wind or manual
handling is liable to cause distortion, the work shall be securely held in
approved frames or jigs.
vi) Freedom of movement of one member of the joint shall be allowed wherever
possible. No butt joint shall be welded without allowing one component freedom
of movement of the order of 2 mm (about 1/12").
vii) The sequence of welding shall be such that when possible, the members which
offer greatest resistance to compression are welded first.
viii) The welding of a joint shall be so arranged that resulting tensile and
compressive stress produced by each portion of the weld tend to balnce each
other. The step back method shall be adopted for continuous runs.
ix) Fusion faces may be cut to the required shape by shearing, chipping,
machining or machine gas cutting. Hand cutting by gas may be substituted for
machine gas cutting only if the latter is impracticable; the cutter shall be
adequately guided so that the cut edge is clean and uniform. If the fusion face

58
 is rough it shall be dressed by chipping, filing or grinding in a satisfactory
manner.
x) Welds showing slag inclusions, porosity or lack of proper penetration shall be
cut out and rewelded. Overlap of the toe of the weld and under cutting or the
parent metal should be avoided and where present to a serious extent shall be
rectified.
xi) All slag shall be removed from each run before another run is superimposed
and from the final run. When cold, the final run shall be protected with clean
boiled linseed oil and shall not be painted until approved by the Engineer.
xii) Grinding of finished weld is permitted provided the weld is not reduced below
the preseribed section.
xiii) All welds which have not been ground shall be scrubbed with a 10 percent
solution of hydrochloric acid which shall be satisfactorily washed off with water
before the paint is applied unless alkali resisting paint is used.
B.18.(a)2. Metal arc welding of M. S. bar reinforcement in R. C. C. works - materials -
Electrodes shall comply with I. S. 814-1974. They shall be of share and size as
approved by the Engineer. They shall be preserved from oxidation and shall be in
clean condition. Electrodes shall be of the heavily coated type. The electrodes shall
satisfy the following mechanical properties :-
a) Ultimate strength not less than 44 kg./sq.mm. (about 28 tons p. s. i.)
b) Yield point not less than 31 kg. / sq. mm. (about 20 tons p. s. i.)
c) Elongation of a length equal to 3.54 times the diameter of the rod, not greater
than 20 percent, and
d) Izod impact test 4 kgm. (about 30 ft. lbs.).
The maximum size of electrodes shall be based on following table :-
Diameters of bars Diameters of bars Maximum size of Electrodes Amperage corresponding to
in mm. in inches Maximum size of mm. Electrodes
(1) (2) (3) (4)
S. W. G. mm (in)

12 to 25 " to 1" 10 3.25 mm (0.128)

25 to 32 1" to 1 /4"
1
8 4.06 mm (0.160)
Double bevel 10 3.25 mm (0.128)
32 to 50 1 /4" to 2"
1
10 3.25 mm (0.160) As specified by the manufature of
Double bevel 8 4.06 mm (0.160)
25 to 50 1" to 2" 6 4.06 (0.160)
6 4.88 (0.192)
Forms of Butt welds. - Butt weld stall be made in one of the following forms :-

59
No. Type Diameter Min. Gap. Angle of V Root Face details of
Range mm(g) (a) (E) welds
mm (D)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
1. Single V 12 to 40 D/4 60 to 70 None
Butt weld (" to 1")
2 Double V 3 to 6 60 to 70 None
Butt weld 28 and above (1/8" to 1/4")
The form and diamensions of weld surface shall be such as will provide access for
the electrode to be welded and enable the welder to see clearly the work in
progress.
A butt weld shall be uilt up so that the effective throat diameter is greater than the
diameter of the bars joined. Such increase in diameter shall be not less than 10
percent and not more than 25 percent of the diameter of the bars joined.
Workmanship : 1) The surface to be welded and the surrounding material for a
distance of at least 12 mm. (about ") from the weld shall be freed from scale and
cleaned so as to remove dirt, grease, paint, heavy rust or other surface deposit,
wire brushing being used if necessary.
2) Fusion faces may be cut to the required shape by shearing, Chipping, machining
or gas cutting.
3) All the bars to be butt welded should be aligned and set in position with their
axcses in one straight line. This should be done either by wiring to the other
reinforcement or by attachment in a jig or clamp or by use of standards and guides
and chairs on a prepared platform. One of the bars shall have freedom of
movement in the direction of its axis to avoid residual stresses. Turning or rotating
the bar till half the bar is welded should be avoided. Turning or rotating the bar shall
be done without disturbing the alignment and without introducing any twist in the
bar during the process of welding.
4) The welding current shall conform with respect to voltage and amperage (and
polarity if direct current is used) to the recommendations of the manufacturers of
the electrodes being used. The arc length, voltage and amperage shall be suited to
the diameter of the bar to be welded.
i) A single layer of weldmetal whether deposited on one pass or made up of several
parallel beads shall not exceed 3 mm. (about 1/8') in thickness.
ii) The electrode manipulation during welding shall ensure that -
a) complete fusion between the base metal and the deposited weld metal is
obtained.
b) the melted base metal is replaced by weld metal so that no under cut remains
along the edges of the finished weld,
c) the melted weld metal makes all slag, oxide and gases float to the surface
behind the advancing arc. All the slag should be removed from each run before
another run is superimposed and from the final run by hammering lightly and wire
brushing.
d) full penetration into the root of the weld is obtained, and

60
 e) surface of the weld shows regular and even ripples and edges of the weld merge
thoroughly with the base metal.
5) Welder shall be provided with such staging and if necessary, with protection as
will enable them to perform the welding operation properly.
6) All welding equipment shall be in good condition and capable of enabling the
welder to provide and maintain the correct arc at all times.
Test : Two welds in 100 welds or a minimum of two welds shall be made on the site
on test pieces under condition exactly similar to the field welding of actual
reinforcement bars and tested for their strength. The strength of the welded joint
shall not be less than that of the original bar i.e. failure shall be in the parent metal
and not in the welded joint.
If the tests are not satisfactory of welding procedure or personnel may be ordered
by the Engineer. Bars welded along with the welded samples found unsatisfactory
on test shall be cut and rewelded. The tests shall be got made at the cost of the
contractor.
B.18.(b) Oxy-acetylene Welding
B.18.(b)1. Oxyencetylene welding in structural steel work - Material - Filler Rods. - Filler rods
shall conform to I. S. 12781-972. They shall be preserved from oxidation and shall
be in a clean condition.
4) The design method of welding, workmanship in oxyencetylene welding shall be
as per I. S. 1923 1973, Code of practice for oxy-acetylene welding for structural
work in mild steel. The instructions given in B.18(a) regarding workmanship shall
also be adhered to in this type of welding.
B.18.(b)2. Oxy-acetylene welding for M. S. reinforcement bars in R. C. C. work - material -
Filler Rods. - Filler rods shall conform to I. S. 1278-1972. They shall be preserved
from oxidation and shall be in a clean condition. They shall satisfy the same
mechanical properties as mentioned for electrode in B.18.(a)2.
Welding : Shapes of the ends of the bars at the weld shall be the same as laid
down in B.18(a)2. unless other shapes are premitted by the Engineer in writing.
Workmanship : Same as for B.18(a)2 in all relevant particulars.
Test : Same as for B.18(a)2.
B.19. STRUCTURAL STEEL WORK
B.19.1. General :- This specification covers the requirement of providing fabrication and
erection of structural steel work including painting.
B.19.2. Materials : Structural steel sections : This shall comply with specification No. A. 11,
Rivets : Shall conform to I. S. 1148-1973 and I. S. 800-1962.
Belts : These shall comply with I. S. 1148-1973 and I. S. 800-1962.
B.19.3. Fabrication and erection : Cutting, holding, assembly, riveting, bolting, machining,
painting, marking and erection shall be carried out in accordance with approved
plans and as directed by the Engineer from time to time and shall comply with I. S.
800-1962.
B.19.4. Damaged members : Any material found damaged or defective shall be stacked
separately and shall be marked in a distinctive colour. Such material is to be dealt
with expeditiously under the orders of the Engineer.

61
B.19.5. Riveting, welding and bolting : 1) Riveting or welding shall not be started until
such time as the Engineer has personally satisfied himself that the alignment is
correct, the vertical plumb, the camber correct with all camber jacks screwed tight,
all joints and cover plates fixed tight with service bolts and field rivet holes
coinciding. While assembling, holes in different components shall be made
concentric with the use of drifts before service bolts are fixed.
2) Welding if required to be done, shall conform to specifications No. B. 18.
3) All permanent machine-fitted or other bolts must be perfectly tight and should be
burred or otherwise checked, to prevent nuts from becoming loose. No unfilled rivet
or bolt holes are to be left in any part of the structure.
4) Fitting and riveting (or welding) of connections of stee sections, in cases where
pieces are short or of full length shall be done in such a manner that the metal is
not unduly strained or cracks caused.
5) Care shall be taken to see that cracks are not filled with paint, putty, cinders, dirt,
oil or fillings for the purpose of deception.
6) Particular care must be taken to ensure free expansion and contraction wherever
provided for in drawings or as the Engineer directs.
7) Chipping of rivets, angle flanges and edges of plates must be done without
breaking out the metal. Chipped edges shall be finished off with a file and all
concave corners shall be rounded off.
B.19.6. Painting : Painting shall generally comply with I. S. 800-1962 and I. S. 1477 (Part
I)-1971 subject to such additions or alterations as may be prescribed in the special
provisions for any particular item. It shall also comply with relevant part of
specification No. B.21. One printing coat of red led shall be applied immediately
after fabrication. Two coast of oil paint of approved shade shall be applied after
complete erection.
Structural steel work to be encased in concrete shall not be painted.
B.19.7. Inspection and Testings : These shall be carried out in conformity with I. S. 800-
1962.
B.19.8. Item to include : 1) The item shall include supply fabrication and erection in
position at site of all structural steel sections of the required dimensions and labour,
materials, and use of equipment required for all operations of fabrication, hoisting,
erection and satisfactory completion of the item.
2) Item shall also include labour, materials and use of equipment required for
painting the structural steel work.
B.19.9. Mode of measurement and payment : The contract rate for the item shall be one
quintal (about 220 lbs.) or one tonne (about 2,200 lbs.)
In the case of rolled sections lengths shall be measured correct to a cm. and weight
calculated on the standard weight per metre tabulated in the I. S. I. Hand Book for
structural steel sections limited to the length shown on the plans correct upto 0.10
of a kg. weight of steel plates of each thickness shall be calculated separately on
the basis of actual shape provided without taking into account wastage or cut off. In
case of bolted work, weight of bolts, nuts and washers shall be added in full and no
deduction shall be made for bolt holes. In riveted work only the weight of rivet

62
 heads shall be added. No deductions shall be made for rivet holes. No increase in
weight shall be allowed in welded work due to welding.
B.20. GENERAL WOOD WORK
B.20.1. General :- The specifications refer to wood work in general, including carpentry and
joinery work in roofs, floors, verandahs, staircase, door and window frames,
bridges, coffer dams, shores, struts, large gates, etc.
B.20.2 Materials :-
1. Timber shall comply with specifications No. A. 16 in all respects.
2. Species of Timber :- The species of timber to be used shall be mentioned in
the items. Where no species is mentioned, good Indian teak (Tectona
Grandis) alone shall be used, In case a particular jungle wood species has
to be changed the Engineers decision about the alternative shall be final.
Engineer may inspect all logs and scantlings previous to use and reject any
which he considers defective in the requirement of specification.
3. Glue : Glues are of two types (i) organic type which glue shall be from skin
or bone material, and (b) synthetic type. It shall be of such a material, that it
may be used without causing harm and adore. A freshly prepared hot
solution shall be of a clear amber colour, translucent, free from black or
cloudy spots and shall swell considerably when immersed in cold water
without dissolving.
Organic type shall comply with specification No.I.S. 852- 1957 and synthetic
shall comply with I.S. 851-1957 in all respects.
4. Nails, Screws, etc. : Nails, screws, ties, straps, bolts, etc. shall be of the
material, make and pattern specified in the item or the special provisions and
approved by the Engineer.
B.20.3 Precautions against Decaying :-
1. The contractor must in all cases obtain orders from the Engineer regarding
time at which he shall do painting or oiling to woodwork and obtain permis-
sion of the Engineer before he paints, oils or otherwise treats woodwork.
2. All parts of woodwork resting on or set in masonry shall be well painted with
2 coats of hot boiled tar approved by the Engineer. The tar shall be so
applied as not to appear on the exposed timber. No extra payment shall be
made for such tarring. Timber buried in the ground shall be well coated with
tar.
When the end of a beam or joist is embedded in masonry and air space of 6
mm. shall be left at the end and sides wherever practicable and necessary in
the opinion of the Engineer.
B.20.4. Workmanship : All woodwork shall be neatly and truly finished to the exact
dimensions required. Unless otherwise required in the special provisions,
woodwork which will remain exposed to view when the work is perfectly smooth
and to lines, planes, or curves as required. Unless otherwise specified all joints
shall be simple tenon and mortise joints with the end of the tenon exposed to view.
All mortise tenon and other joints shall fit truly and fully without wedging or filling, in
a workmanlike manner. Only where specially required, the end of the tenon shall
not show. All joints shall be of the types shown on the drawings or specified for the
63
 item and as directed by the Engineer. Where no specific instructions are given to
the contractor, he shall observe the following principles in forming joints :
1. To cut the joints and arrange fastenings so as to weaken as little as possible
the pieces of timber they connect.
2. To place each abutting surface in a joint as nearly as possible perpendicular to
the pressure it has to transmit.
3. To form and fit accurately every pair of surfaces that come in contact.
All framed joinery, for external work shall be put together with white lead and
joints pinned with hardwood or bamboo pins. For internal work where joints
are not likely to be affected by moisture, the joints may be glued and similarly
pinned. Where ordered, the but joints shall be cross tongued and the tongues
cut all right angles or diagonally to the grain of the wood. All mouldings shall
be clean and accurately finished and all miters, etc. shall be properly met.
Where turning is required it shall be done to the exact shapes shown in the
drawings.
B.20.5. Framing :- Framed woodwork includes all sawing, cutting, planning, jointing,
framing, supply and use of all straps, bolts, hold fasts, nails, triennials, spikes,
screws, etc. necessary for framing and fixing.
Framing and trussing are to be done in the best possible manner and all necessary
ties, straps, bolts, screws, etc. fitted as shown on the drawings or as directed by the
Engineer.
Holes of correct size shall be drilled before inserting screws. Driving in or starting
the screws with hammer is prohibited. All screws shall be dipped in oil before being
inserted in the wood. The kind of nails and screws shall be subject to the approval
of the Engineer. The heads of nails or screws shall be sunk or dealt with as the
Engineer may direct.
B.20.6. Scaffolding :- The contractor shall provide all labour, scaffolding ladders and
tackle necessary for hoisting and fixing construction. He is also responsible to see
that the tackle and scaffolding, etc. are of the requisite strength and that the work is
secured in a proper manner during inspection. The contractor shall be responsible
for the safety of the work, workmen and for any action or compensation that may
arise in this connection.
B.20.7 Iron Work :- All iron work connected with woodwork and going to be embedded in
masonry shall before erection, receive 2 coats of hot coaltar. If it is to be painted, it
shall be given the first 2 coats on the ground before being fixed in position and the
third coat afterwards.
B.20.8 Precautions against fire :- No woodswork of any kind shall be laid within 60 cm.
(about 2') of a fire place or fuel. During the progress of work all shavings, cuttings
and other rubbish shall be cleared away as the work progresses, and all
precautions, shall be taken against fire. No rubbish shall be let under floor boards
or in other concealed positions on the job.
B.20.9 Inspection : All woodwork shall be inspected by the Engineer before being put into
the work. The Engineer shall not be barred from rejecting any wrought timber on
account of defective quality by reason of his having previously passed the same
before it had been worked upon. In no case the woodwork shall be painted or
otherwise treated before it is inspected and approved by the Engineer.

64
 All woodwork in a building shall after it had has been passed by the Engineer,
having the primary coat of paint put on or otherwise treated before being fitted in
position. The subsequent coats of paint or other finish shall be applied after the
woodwork is fixed in position.
B.20.10 Defective work :- If within three months after the work is completed any undue
shrinkage or bad workmanship is discovered the contractor shall forthwith replace
or refix the same to the satisfaction of the Engineer without extra charge.
B.20.11 Item to Include :-
1. Supply of specified species of timber sawn to requisite sizes without any
defect, wrought, framed and fixed in position with the required standard of
workmanship including supply and fixing of fixtures, straps, bolts, holdfasts,
spikes, nails screws, etc., applying contractors glue or other jointing materials,
coal-tarring embedded parts and painting joints.
2. All materials, labour, scaffolding, use of equipment, etc., for framing and fixing
and completing the item as specified.
3. Applying two coats of double boiled linseed oil to internal woodwork unless
other types of finishing is specified in the special provisions.
B.20.12 Mode of Measurement and Payment :- This will depend upon the item in the
tender for which woodwork is executed. All woodwork when put up shall be of the
dimensions shown on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. Woodwork will
be paid by net measurements and no allowance will be made for wastage or for
dimensions supplied beyond those specified. But the length of each piece shall be
measured overall so as to include projections for tenons or scarfs. For curved
pieces cut out of the solid, the minimum overall dimensions of the required original
rectangular section of scantling will be allowed in the measurements. The
dimensions of sectional measurement shall be taken correct up to 2 mm. (about
1/12") and the length will be measured correct upto two places of decimals of a
meter. The quantity shall be calculated correct to three places of decimal of a cubic
meter. When the schedule calls for supply of wrought timber, the rate shall as in all
other cases include carriage to and delivery at the site of work.
B.21. OIL PAINTING
B.21.1 Materials and accessories :
B.21.1.1 Oil Paints : Oil Paints shall conform to specification No.A.17. All paints shall be
thoroughly stirred with a clean stick before use. While being used the paint shall be
stirred often to keep the pigment in uniform suspension. Ready mixed (factory
mixed) paints only shall be used unless other types are specifically mentioned.
Sample colour boards shall be prepared by the contractor and got approved by the
Engineer before painting is started.
B.21.1.2 Brushes :- Unless other methods of application like spraying are specified paint
shall be applied with brushes. On no account shall rags be used in the application
of paints. The size of brushes to be used for painting of various works shall be got
approved by the Engineer. All brushes shall be either round or oval shaped. Flat
brushes when specifically authorised by the Engineer in writing shall not be over 8
Cm. (about 3") wide.

65
B.21.1.3 Containers :- The paint while being applied shall be kept in shallow pans and not
in deep cans and must be kept well stirred. All paint cans must be cleaned out at
the end of each days work.
B.21.2 Scaffolding :- Scaffolding if necessary shall be as per B.9.11.
B.21.3 Precautions in using in lead Paints :
1. White lead, sulphate of lead and all products containing those pigments (but
not white pigments containing not more than 2 per cent of lead) shall not be
used in internal painting of building except for priming coat and artistic painting
or fine lining work. They shall be as far as possible used in painting
operations in the form of paste or ready mixed paint and measures shall be
taken wherever practicable, to prevent danger arising from the application of
the paint in the form of spray or by dust caused by rubbing down and scraping.
2. Paint workers must be warned to avoid getting smeared with the above paints.
B.21.4 Cleaning :- Cleaning operations shall precede painting so that paint may be
applied to clean surfaces. The work shall be carried out in such a manner that dirt
and matter removed by cleaning will not come in contact with freshly applied paint.
The method to be applied for cleaning and preparing surfaces for painting shall be
mentioned in the specifications for each type of surface. When not so mentioned,
any suitable method approved by the Engineer for exposing the original surface
without damage shall be adopted.
B.21.5 Application :- The primer coat of paint shall be applied as soon as possible after
the surface has been cleaned before deterioration of the surface by rust (in case of
steel surfaces) and contamination of the surface by dust, dirt or any other foreign
material for all surfaces. Preferably painting should be done immediately after
cleaning on the same day. If rusting occurs after the surface is prepared or there is
contamination of cleaned surface with salts, acids, alkali or other harmful materials
before the priming coat is applied, & between the application of the remaining
coats of paint, the surfaces shall be cleaned again.
Paints shall not be applied when the air is misty or atmospheric conditions are
such s to promote condensation or in the opinion of the Engineer, the conditions
are otherwise unsatisfactory for the work. Paining shall normally be done only in
dry weather. if shall not be applied upon damp and moist surfaces.
Paint may be applied by spraying or brushing. Unless otherwise specified paint
shall be applied with brushes. Paint shall be worked into all crevices and corners
where possible and surfaces not accessible to brushes shall be painted by
sheepskin or spray or any other method approved by the Engineer. All runs or sags
shall be brushed out. Painting shall be done in a neat and workmanlike manner.
Paint shall be applied so as to produce a uniform even coating over the entire
surfaces, free from streaks, pitting, wrinkles or other irregularities.
The number of priming and finishing coats shall be as specified for the particular
item.
Sufficient time shall be allowed for one coat of paint to dry before the next is
applied.
B.21.6 Protection : Painted surface shall be protected from sun, rain, condensation,
contamination or surface damage until it is dry to the fullest extent. Boards
indicating Wet Paint shall be put up where necessary.

66
B.21.a Painting Iron and Steel Work :- In addition to specifications for oil painting
General the following shall also apply for painting Iron and Steel Work.
B.21.a.1 Operation and workmanship for painting Iron and Steel work shall be as per I.S.
1477 (Part I) 1959, code of practice for finishing of Iron and Steel in Buildings,
painting and allied finishes subject to the following ;
1. The method of preparation of the surface for painting work shall be as
specified in the special provisions for each item and as B.21.4. Where Iron
and Steel works need repainting (as maintenance), instructions detailed in
clause 8 to I.S. 1477 (Part I) 1959 shall be followed.
2. Red lead paint shall be used for primer coat unless other paints are specified.
The number of primer coats shall be given in detailed specifications for each
item. When not given it shall be one coat.
3. Intermediate protective treatments (Pre-treatments) shall be omitted unless
specified in the special provisions.
4. The finishing coats shall be of the paint as specified for each item by the
Engineer. The number of finishing coats of the required shade of colour shall
also be specified for each item separately. They shall be two when the
number is not specified.
5. Actual date of painting girders, steel tanks and other steel structures shall be
neatly marked by the contractor on the structure according to the instructions
of the Engineer.
B.21.b.1 Painting New Wood Work :- In addition to specifications for Oil Painting General,
the following specifications shall also apply for painting new woodwork.
B.21.b.2 Preparation of Surface :- Before any paint is applied the woodwork shall be
finished smooth with the plane. The surface shall then be rubbed smooth with sand
paper first with coarse grade about 2 1/2 and then finished with a medium grade
say 1 1/2. Sand papering must be finished with the grain. When finished, no
scratches from the coarse paper should show.
Before priming coat is applied the knotting shall be done by one of the following
methods as directed by the Engineer.
1. Ordinary or Size Knotting : This shall be applied in two coats. The first to be
made by grinding red lead in water and mixing it with strong glue size, used
hot. The second coat shall be of red lead ground in linseed oil and thinned
with boiled linseed oil and turpentine.
2. Lime Knotting : This consists of two coats of a varnish made by dissolving
shellac in methylated spirits of wine.
3. Priming Coat : After preparing the surface of wood work as above, priming
coat shall be applied.
Priming coat shall be as follows :
a) On Inside Woodwork :- It shall consist of 0.25 Kg. of red led + 4 Kg. of white
lead + 1.14 liters of boiled linseed oil + 0.57 liter raw linseed oil + 40 gm. of
litharge or patent dryers and shall be applied before the woodwork is fixed in
place.

67
 b) On Outside Woodwork :-It shall consist of 4.5 Kg. of white lead _ 2.28
Liters of raw linseed oil + 27 gm. of red lead + 54 gm. (about 2 oz) of litharge
or patent dryers and shall be applied before the woodwork is fixed in place.
B.21.b.4 Stopping :- After priming, all small holes, cracks, open joints and similar
minor defects of every kind if already allowed by the Engineer to remain,
shall be stopped with putty made from pure whiting, mixed to the proper
consistency with raw linseed oil, a little white lead being worked in after mixing
to help the hardening of the putty. On no account putty is to be used before
the priming coat is put on.
B.21.b.5 Additional Coats :- After applying priming coats, the work shall be lightly
rubbed down smooth with sand paper and the subsequent coats of paint of the
specified shade approved by the Engineer, shall be applied. The paints shall
be applied with brushes. It shall be spread as smoothly as possible with the
brush by means of crossing (at right angles to the grain) and then laying of
with the brush in the direction of the grain over the crossing. The final coat
shall be very carefully crossed and laid off so that the brush marks are not
visible. Each coat of paint shall be allowed to dry thoroughly and shall be
lightly rubbed down before the next is laid. Every coat shall be passed by the
Engineer before the next is laid on it. The finished surface shall not show any
hair marks, ridges, or dry patches of paints, and no puddles shall be left in the
corners of panels, and angle of moulding.
For new woodwork exposed to the weather unless the number of coats of
paints is mentioned in the special provisions three coats of paint shall be
applied exclusive of the priming coat. In the interior of the buildings 2 coats
shall suffice.
B.21.b. 6 Embedded Timber :- The outside of the chowkats of the doors and windows
as also other timber embedded in masonry shall be given two coats of hot
coal-tar before erection. This is incidental to the item and shall not be paid
separately.
c. Repainting Old Woodwork :- In addition to specifications for Oil Painting
General the following specifications shall also apply for repainting old
woodwork.
B.21.c.1 Cleaning the surface :- All the paint shall be removed either by scraping,
burning or by a paint remover as ordered by the Engineer. Following
precautions shall be taken :
1. While removing paint by burning by using a blow lamp, particular care shall be
taken to avoid burning woodwork. If any woodwork is found to be charred it
will be replaced at the cost of the contractor.
2. In the event of a paint remover containing alkali being used, the surface, shall
subsequently be washed down with a weak acid such a dilute vinegar, so as to
neutralise the alkali.
3. While removing paint by scraping, care shall be taken not to damage the
underlying surface of wood.
The surface shall then be rubbed down smooth with sand paper.
B.21.c.2 Priming Coat :- The priming coat shall then be applied as specified for
painting in B.21.(b).

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B.21.c.3 Stopping :- After priming, the defects shall be stopped with putty. The putty
for stopping wood work shall be prepared from pure whiting mixed to the
proper consistency with raw linseed oil, a little white lead being worked in after
mixing to help the hardening of the putty. On account shall putty be used
before the priming coat is put on.
B.21.c.4 Finishing :- The surface shall again be lightly rubbed smooth with sand paper and
specified number of coats of required shade of paint shall then be applied as
specified above or ordered by the Engineer.
B.21.d. Painting plastered surface :- In addition to the specifications for Oil Painting
General, the following specifications shall also apply for painting plastered surfaces
:
B.21.d.1 New plaster shall not be primed or painted till it is completely dry and hard.
B.21.d.2 Preparation of the surface :- The surface shall be carefully rubbed smooth and
thoroughly cleaned with clean fresh water. Supplementary specifications if any, will
be laid down in the special provisions for the item according as the particular nature
of the surface to be painted, requires. The surface shall be dry, smooth, clean and
free from dirt.
B.21.d.3 Priming Coat :- This shall consist of equal parts of white and red lead mixed in
boiled linseed oil to the required consistency applied uniformly over the surface.
When this coat is dry, all cracks, holes and other such defects shall be filled with a
mixture of one part white lead and three parts ordinary putty. The surface shall
then be rubbed down with sand paper and dusted clean.
B.21.d.4 Finishing Coats :- It may be necessary to give four coats of paints over the
priming coat. The first coat shall be thin so that plaster may be thoroughly
saturated. The second coat shall be thicker and shall contain a small quantity of
turpentine with some of the required coloring pigment. The third coat also shall be
thicker having equal parts of linseed oil and turpentine. The last coat shall be as
specified for each item of painting. Walls and ceilings shall be given a flat finish as
glossy finishing coat shows up the irregularities in the plaster.
The paint shall be applied with brushes. It shall be spread as smoothly as possible.
B.22. DEWATERING OR BAILING OUT OF WATER
Dewatering during excavation and excavated foundation trenches and pools of
water in the building area by using pumps and other devices, including disposing of
the water to a safe distance as directed.
B.22.1 General :- The foundation trenches and the building area shall be kept dry by
resort to pumps alone or in combination with manual labour for bailing out water
with buckets, etc. or any other satisfactory method. The method to be adopted
shall be entirely left to the choice of the contractor provided dewatering is carried
out satisfactorily and scheduled programme is adhered to. The contractor shall
plan, construct, and maintain satisfactorily, safe and pool-proof arrangement for
dewatering to ensure safe foundation excavation and laying concrete and masonry
in the dry. The contractor shall supply details of his proposals for approval of the
Engineer, but such an approval will in no way release the contractor from his
responsibility and for the adequacy of dewatering arrangements and for the quality
and safety of the work, for all of which the contractor shall be solely responsible.

69
 Cement grouting of other approved method may be used by the contractor at his
discretion and cost of prevent or reduce seepage and to protect the area to be
excavated if the soil is porous.
B.22.2 Pumping :- Adequate pumping arrangements shall be made for dewatering
foundation trenches and pools in the building area and keeping the same dry while
excavation masonry or concreting is in progress and till the mortar has sufficiently
set. Pump of required capacity and in required number and stages shall be
provided to ensure the above. Pumping from the foundation trenches shall be done
directly from the foundation trenches or from a sump outside the excavation as
necessary, in such a manner as to preculde the possibility of movement of water
through the fresh concrete or masonry and washing away parts of concrete or
masonry and washing away parts of concrete mortar. No pumping shall be allowed
during laying of concrete or masonry and for a period of at least 24 hours thereafter
unless it is done from a suitable sump separated from concrete or masonry by
effective means. No pumping shall be done in such away as not to cause damage
to the work of adjoining by blows, subsidence etc. The contractor shall make his
own arrangements for necessary labour, materials, pumps engines, wellpoints and
other suitable machinery and devices required for successful execution of the item
of dewatering.
B.22.3 Desilting :- If any foundation pits are filled due to accumulation of surface flow
during the progress of the work of during rainy season or due to any other causes,
all pumping required for dewatering the pits and removing silts shall be done
without extra cost.
B.22.4 Shorting etc. :- Staging, shoring, strutting, sumps and other protective works
required for facility of dewatering shall be designed and put up by the contractor to
ensure full safety to the work, workmen, machinery and property and shall be
removed after they have served their purpose in a manner and etc. the extent
directed by the Engineer. The contractor shall be responsible for all damage and
injury caused by the execution of this item.
B.22.5 Disposal of water :- The water from the excavated trenches shall be disposed off
in the manner detailed below or in any other manner in conformity with the rules in
force and approved by the Engineer.
a) In case the area is developed, such as cities which are sewered or have open
gutters along the roadside, the water may be led to the nearest such gutters
or sewers.
b) In undeveloped areas such as country side where sowering system has not
been introduced, the water may be led to the nearest natural drain or pond
through properly laid and dug channels or through pipes.
Disposal of water shall in no case cause inconvenience of nuisance to the
inhabitants of the area or cause damage to the property and structures
nearby. Municipal or Government regulations shall be complied with the rights
of private land owners shall be respected regarding disposal of water.
Contractor shall be responsible for all the incidental formalities like obtaining
permission of local bodies (Municipalities etc.) and personal concerned, to
lead the water to the open or underground wewers, or digging up channels,
making use of lands and properties owned by private persons of public bodies
etc. and for damage caused in the preparation of this item.

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22.6 Item to Include :-
1. All labour, materials, pumps, plants, equipments staging shoring, strutting,
sumps and other arrangements necessary for dewatering during excavation
and construction of other requiring dewatering.
2. Dewatering foundation trenches and construction area and keeping the same
dry while excavation. Masonry and concrete work is in progress and till the
work comes above the water level and till the Engineer considers that the
mortar or concrete has sufficiently set.
3. Dewatering till all the items requiring dewatering are fully completed. This
shall also include time required for passing foundation and taking meas-
urements of all the items, requiring dewatering.
4. Removing stuff of any sort which might find access into the trenches by
blowing slip or due to any other cause wherever from the sides or bottom of
the foundation or excavation or form else where during after or due to dewate-
ring.
5. Leading water, to the nearest natural or artificial drains, with all the incidental
requirement like taking permission from Municipal & other authorities & private
persons concerned pay compensations etc.
6. Compensation for the injury to the workmen and the public or damages to the
nearby properties during and on account of dewatering and disposal of water.
B.23 GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR ALL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY ITEMS
All the items under this group shall conform to the detailed specifications given for
each of the items, in addition to the by-laws of the local bodies within whose
jurisdiction the items are executed.
Where the by-laws of the local bodies differ from the detailed specifications for an
item, the bye-laws shall overside these specifications.
All damage done to floors, walls etc. during the process of fixing water supply
drainage and sanitary installations shall be restored to their original conditions.
All the pipes. fittings and appliances shall be free from cracks and other flow before
fixing and shall be undamaged in all respects during the and after fiding. Any
damage shall have to be rectified satisfactorily.
All the pipes, fittings and appliances shall be throughly cleaned before fixing and
particular care shall be taken to see that to extraneous materials, gets into them
during fixing.
All items required for ensuring leakproof joining and efficient functioning of the
pipes and applies shall be carried out without extra claims.
All cutting and waste of pipes involved in fitting them shall be included in the rate.
All diameters of pipes shall be the diameters of the inside bore.
All pipes, applices, fixtures and all other materials, to be used shall be new and of
good quality.
All the water supply and sanitary items, shall be carried out by experienced and/or
licensed plumbers to the entire satisfaction of the municipal byelaws and the
Engineer.

71
 Work in general shall be carried out as per the I.S. Code No. 2069-1973 Code of
practice for selection installation and maintenance of sanitary appliances.

*********
Assignment and Sub-Letting
1 Assignment
The Contractor shall not assign the contract any part thereof, or any benefit of
interest therein or there under, otherwise than by a charge in favor of the
Contractor's bankers of any nominies due or to become due under this contract,
without the prior written consent of the Employer.
2. Sub-letting
The Contractor shall not sub-let the whole of the works. Except where otherwise
provided by the contract, the contractor shall not sub-let any part of the works
without the prior written consent of the Engineer, which shall not be unreasonably
withheld, and such consent, if given, shall not relieve the contractor from any
liability or obligation under the Contract and he shall be responsible for the acts
defaults neglects of any sub-contractor, his agents, servants or workmen as fully as
if they were the acts, defaults or neglect of the contractor, his agents, servents or
workmen provided always that he provision of labour on a piecework basis shall not
be deemed to be a subletting under this clause.

72
 STATEMENT - D
Standard Cement Consumption
For various items of works.
Sr. Item Unit Requirement
No. in bags

1. 2. 3. 4.
PLAN CEMENT CONCRETE

1. Cement concrete (1:1:2) Cum. 9.76

2. Cement concrete (1:2:4) Cum. 5.84

3. Cement concrete (1:3:6) Cum. 4.05

4. Cement concrete (1:4:8) Cum. 3.20

5. Cement concrete (1:5:10) Cum. 2.52

REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE

6. Cement concrete M-15 (1:2:4) Cum. 5.90

7. Cement concrete M-20 (1:11/2:3) Cum. 6.90

8. Cement concrete M-25 Cum. 8.00

9. Cement concrete M-30 Cum. 9.20

10. Cement concrete M-35 Cum. 10.20

BRICK WORK

11. B. B. masonry in C. M. 1:6 proportion Cum. 1.44

12. B. B. masonry in C. M. 1:8 proportion Cum. 1.13

13. Half brick masonry in C. M. 1:4 proportionSqm. 0.22

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1. 2. 3. 4.
STONE MASONRY
14. U.C.R.S. masonry in C.M. 1:6 proportion Cum. 1.77
15. C.R.S. masonry in C.M. 1:5 proportion Cum. 1.80
16. C.R.S. masonry in C.M. 1:6 proportion Cum. 1.50
DAMP PROOF COURSE
17. Providing and laying damp proof course Sqm. 0.35
50 mm. thick in (1:2:4)
18. Finishing the terrace slab 20 mm. thick Sqm. 0.20
in C.M. 1:3 proportion.
19. Providing water proofing to W.C. Sqm. 0.276
and bath
20. Providing water proofing to W.C. Sqm. 4.00
and bath including brick bat coba.
20 A. Injection Grouting Lit. 0.03
PLASTERING
21. Providing internal cement plaster 6 mm Sqm. 0.045
thick single coat in C.M. 1:4
22. Providing internal cement plaster 6 mm Sqm. 0.07
thick single coat in C.M. 1:3
23. Providing internal cement plaster 12mm Sqm. 0.08
thick single coat in C.M. 1:5
24. -- do -- in C.M. 1:4 proportion Sqm. 0.10
25. -- do -- in C.M. 1:3 proportion Sqm. 0.12
26. Providing cement plaster 20 mm. thick Sqm. 0.19
in single coat in C.M. 1:3
27. -- do -- in C.M. 1:5 in two coats Sqm. 0.13
28. -- do -- in single coat in C.M. 1:5 Sqm. 0.13
proportion
29. -- do -- in two coat in C.M. 1:4 Sqm. 0.15
proportion

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1. 2. 3. 4.
30. -- do -- in two coats in C.M. 1:3 Sqm. 0.19
proportion
31. -- do -- 25 mm. thick in two coats in Sqm. 0.22
C.M. 1:4 proportion
32. Sand faced plaster in two coats Sqm. 0.22
33. Rough cast plaster in two coats in Sqm. 0.22
C.M. 1:4 proportion
34. Providing flush grooving pointing in Sqm. 0.03
C.M. 1:3 for brick work
35. -- do -- to stone masonry in C.M. 1:3 Sqm. 0.025
proportion
36. Providing tuck pointing with C.M. 1:3 Sqm. 0.05
proportion
37. Providing weathered pointing in C.M. 1:3 Sqm. 0.04
for stone masonry
38. Providing vee pointing for stone masonry Sqm. 0.03
in C.M. 1:3
39. Providing fine finish 1.5 mm. thick over Sqm. 0.044
green surface.
PAVING, FLOORING, FINISHING AND DADO
40. Providing and laying R.S.H. flooring Sqm. 0.135
25 mm. to 30 mm. on bed of 1:6 C.M.
and pointing C.M. 1:3
41. -- do -- 40 mm. to 50 mm. -- do -- Sqm. 0.14
42. -- do -- 50 mm. to 60 mm. -- do -- Sqm. 0.150
43. Providing and laying polished shahabad Sqm. 0.13
stone flooring 25 mm. to 30 mm. thick on
bed 1:6 proportion.
44. Providing and laying polished tandur Sqm. 0.130
stone flooring 25 mm. to 30 mm. thick
on bed 1:6 proportion

75
1. 2. 3. 4.
45. -- do -- polished Kotha stone flooring Sqm. 0.130
25 mm. to 30 mm. thick on bed 1:6
proportion.
46. Providing and laying skirting and dado Sqm. 0.18
of polished shahabad stone 25 to 30 mm.
with 1:4 C.M.
47. Providing and laying skirting of polished Sqm. 0.18
tandur stone 25 to 30 mm. with 1:4 C.M.
48. Providing and laying C.C. flooring 40 mm.Sqm. 0.36
thick with c.c. 1:11/2:3
49. -- do -- 50 mm. thick -- do -- Sqm. 0.44
50. Providing and laying flooring of plan Sqm. 0.15
cement tiles of 25x25 mm. on bed
1:6 for flooring
51. -- do -- for dado and skirting on polished Sqm. 0.18
surface 1:4 proportion
52. Providing and laying coloured tiles Sqm. 0.15
25 x 25 mm. size.
53. -- do -- for dado skirting. Sqm. 0.18
54. Providing and laying white glazed tiles Sqm. 0.22
150 x 150 mm. for flooring.
55. -- do -- for dado and skirting. Sqm. 0.21
56. Providing and laying gray cement base Sqm. 0.15
mosaic tiles for flooring 25 x 25 cm.
57. -- do -- for dado and skirting Sqm. 0.18
58. Providing and laying machine cut white Sqm. 0.17
makrana flooring.
59. -- do -- for dado -- do -- Sqm. 0.18
60. Providing and laying in situ marble
mosaic tiles 10 mm. thick.

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1. 2. 3. 4.
a) Gray cement Sqm. 0.20
b) White cement Sqm. 0.13
61. -- do -- for dado -- do --
a) Gray cement Sqm. 0.20
b) White cement Sqm. 0.28
62. Providing and laying required Sqm. 0.30
position flooring of broken china
63. Providing and laying polished shahabad Sqm. 0.18
stone 25 to 30 mm. thick for tread and
riser.
************

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 Following constant values shall be adopted for
calculating weight/meter or M.S. Bars

Sr. No. Bar diameter Weight in Kg/Rmt.

1. 6 mm. dia 0.22 Kg./Rmt.

2. 8 mm. dia 0.40 Kg./Rmt.
3. 10 mm. dia 0.62 Kg./Rmt.
4. 12 mm. dia 0.89 Kg./Rmt.
5. 16 mm. dia 1.58 Kg./Rmt.
6. 20 mm. dia 2.47 Kg./Rmt.
7. 22 mm. dia 2.98 Kg./Rmt.
8. 25 mm. dia 3.80 Kg./Rmt.
9. 28 mm. dia 4.80 Kg./Rmt.

Note : This cement consumption is given only for guide lines, however 5% variation i.e. on
plus side will be considered.
Less cement consumption upto 5% than the theoritical cement consumption will be
recovered from the conrtractor.

Chief Engineer
Design Contracts & Monitoring
M.S.E.T.C.L., Mumbai.

SIGNATURE OF CONTRACTOR

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