AR76

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SEVENTY-SIXTH
ANNUAL REPORT
2000
ISSN 0956-8417
Oxford Forestry Institute

Department of Plant Sciences
University of Oxford
South Parks Road
Oxford OX1 3RB
Tel: +44 (0) 1865 275050

Fax: +44 (0) 1865 275074
URL: http://www.plants.ox.ac.uk/ofi
2001
CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
HIGHLIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
STAFF AND ASSOCIATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
RESEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Ecology and Silviculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Forest Biodiversity and Plant Systematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Forest Biotechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Forest Policy and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
OTHER RESEARCH ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Ecophysiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Biometrics and Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Cultural Ecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
EDUCATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
BA in Biological Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
MSc in Forestry and its Relation to Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Post-Experience Training Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Research Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Further Information on Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
RESEARCH SUPPORT, LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Herbarium and Xylarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
CABI-OFI Forestry Information Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
INSPIRE: Species Information Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
BRAHMS: Taxonomic Information System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
PROSPECT: The Wood Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Database of Weeds and Invasive Plant Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
EXTERNAL ACTIVITIES - INSTITUTIONAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

DFID Enabling Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
British Council Higher Education Link Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Tropical Forest Resource Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
STAFF PUBLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
OFI PUBLICATIONS CATALOGUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
ii
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AGRIS - International Information System for the INSPIRE - INteractive SPecies Information
Agricultural Sciences and Technology REtrieval
AGROVOC - Multilingual Agricultural Thesaurus IPSIS - Invasive Plant Species Information System
ATROFI-UK - Archive of Tropical Forestry Information ISSN - International standard serial number
BBSRC - Biotechnology and Biological Sciences ITTO - International Tropical Timber Organization
Research Council IUCN - World Conservation Union
BIOME - The Medical, Health and Life Sciences Hub of IPNI - International Plant Names Index
the Resource Discovery Network IUFRO - International Union of Forestry Research
B.P. - Before present Organizations
BRAHMS - Botanical Research And Herbarium KEP - Kepong Herbarium, Malaysia
Management System L - Leiden Herbarium, The Netherlands
CABI - CAB International LISC - Centro de Botnica, Portuguese herbiara
CABICODES - a classification scheme used to define MAPR - Mayagez Herbarium, University of Puerto
subject categories in the CAB Abstracts database Rico
CARIS - Current Agricultural Research Information MG - Museu Paraense Emlio Goeldi - Herbarium in
System Belem, Para, Brazil
CARPE - Central African Regional Programme for the MSc - Master of Science
Environment NERC - Natural Environment Research Council
CATIE - Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y NGO - Non governmental organization
Enzeanza NHM - National Herbarium of the Netherlands
cd - Crown diameter OFI - Oxford Forestry Institute
CD-ROM - Compact disc read-only memory OULS - Oxford University Library Services
CHIPS - Clearing House for Information in Plant OXF - The Oxford University Fielding-Druce Herbarium
Sciences PAWS - Plantations on ancient woodland sites
CIAT - Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical PCA - Principal component analysis
COAIM - Consultation on Agricultural Information PDR - Peoples Democratic Republic
Management PROSPECT - Programmed Retrieval Of Species by the
COI - University of Coimbra, Portuguese herbaria Property and End-use Classification of their Timbers
dbh - diameter at breast height RDF - Resource Description Framework
DFID - Department for International Development SAN - Sandakan Herbarium, Malaysia
DPhil - Doctor of Philosophy SAR - Sarawak Herbarium, Malaysia
EU - European Union SCRI - Scottish Crops Research Institute
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United SGS - Socit Gnrale de Surveillance
Nations SISTEM+ - Species Information, Seed, Trials and
FHO - The Oxford University Daubeny Herbarium Environment data Management
FHOw - The Oxford Forestry Institute Xylarium SSSI - Site of special scientific interest
FORELISE - Forestry Libraries and Information Services SUDAM - Superintendncia do Desenvolvimento da
in Europe Amaznia
FRIM - Forest Research Institute of Malaysia TFP - Tropical Forestry Papers
FRP - Forestry Research Programme (of DFIDs TFRG - Tropical Forest Resource Group
Renewable Natural Resources Programme) TREE CABWeb - service providing Internet access to the
GFIS - Global Forest Information System three CABI forestry journals
GM - Genetic modification U - Utrecht Herbarium, The Netherlands
GPS - Global positioning system UK - United Kingdom
ha - hectare URL - Universal resource locator for Internet
HAMAB - Herbarium in Macap, Amap USA - United States of America
HTTP - Hypertext transfer protocol USAID - United States Agency for International
IAN - Instituto Agronomico do Norte Development
IIED - International Institute for Environment and VLF - Virtual Library for Forestry
Development WAG - Wageningen Herbarium, The Netherlands
INF - Irati National Forest WWF - World Wildlife Fund
INPA - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia WWW - World Wide Web
iii
Annual Report 2000
HIGHLIGHTS
For the first time since the creation of the Institute in 1924, university campus in Malaysia.
there will be no formal paper version of the Annual
Report; in keeping with current technological trends the The report and recommendations of the External Review
report will be available on the Institutes Web site from of Forestry carried out in 1999 were discussed and
which all or part of it can be downloaded. As always the accepted by the University. The Plant Sciences Library
bulk of the Institutes research will continue to be and Forestry Information Service were transferred to the
published in peer-reviewed journals, books, Institute management of the Central University Library System and
publications and agency reports. the contract with CAB International for the joint
acquisition, abstracting and distribution of the worlds
The Institute congratulated Dr Colin Hughes on his forest literature is being renegotiated by the Director of
election to a Royal Society Fellowship within the Library Services. This should ensure the continuity of the
Department of Plant Sciences; he will continue as an library and information services.
Associate Member of the OFI. We also congratulated Dr
David Boshier on the publication of his book (co-edited by Another major recommendation of the Review was also
A Young and T J Boyle) Forest conservation genetics: pursued, namely the appointment of new lecturers in plant
principles and practice. ecology and forest policy. Advertisements were placed in
December, interviews will be in April 2001 and hopefully
Staff of the Institute continued to contribute significantly suitable incumbents will be in post by October 2001.
to the teaching, management and examination of the
undergraduate Biology degree. The major highlights For myself the major event of the year outside the Institute
concerned the MSc course; a total of 18 students attended was the highly successful 21st IUFRO World Congress in
the courses starting and finishing within the calendar year, Malaysia during August. Over 2,000 delegates from 96
one of whom split his course over the two years. The countries, including 169 from 38 developing countries,
course beginning in October was substantially restructured enjoyed five keynote plenary addresses, 88 papers in sub-
into a modular form that permits greater depth and plenary sessions and 500 papers in 125 group sessions; in
intensity of study of the major components while addition 500 posters were displayed. The Congress was
maintaining the breadth of coverage. The Natural the last major event in my five year period as President of
Environment Research Council decided not to fund further IUFRO. All my papers and speeches presented in the
scholarships for the course beginning in October 2000 period are being compiled in one volume including 26
(after 20 years in which 3-4 scholarships had been conference papers, 19 welcome and closing speeches, 14
provided annually); however, this loss was partially offset IUFRO News articles, 5 annual report prefaces and 12
by generous contributions towards scholarships from the congratulatory messages to member institutions; none of
Barbinder Trust, the Commonwealth Forestry Association, these appear in OFI Annual Reports or in Departmental
the DFID Shared Scholarship Scheme, Linacre College submissions to Government reviews. As Past-President
(Hosier Fund and Lloyd Studentship), Queens College, for the next five years my role will be to provide
the Worshipful Company of Builders Merchants and the continuity particularly in linkages with international
Tropical Forest Trust (the latter for The Michael Jourdain agencies.
TFT Scholarship).
I record with great sorrow the deaths of Mike Croggon (a
Staff of the Institute collaborated with staff of other research student), Margaret Beak (former employee of the
Member Institutions in the Tropical Forest Resource Commonwealth Forestry Bureau and wife of the former
Group to finalize the Community Forestry Education Director of the CFB, Percy Beak) and Dr Darrell Posey
Project in South Africa and to continue the academic link (well known anthropologist and Associate Member of the
project with the University of Nairobi; this latter is Institute, who died as this report was being prepared in
intended to prepare major proposals to the European early 2001).
Union and to other donor agencies for strengthening the
roles of east African universities in research, teaching and As always I wish to thank all the members of staff of the
extension support for the Lake Victorian Basin Institute for their continued dedication to their research
development programme. and/or teaching; further details of their individual activities
appear in this Annual Report.
The Vice-Chancellor and several senior staff members of
the Universiti Malaysia Sabah visited the University to Professor Jeffery Burley
discuss collaboration in research and teaching in both Director
engineering and forestry. A Memorandum of
Understanding is in preparation and hopefully this will
lead to joint research and teaching with this important new
Page 1
OXFORD FORESTRY INSTITUTE

Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford
STAFF AND ASSOCIATES
Departmental staff financed by the University and directly concerned

with the Oxford Forestry Institute
Director Administrative Staff

Prof J. BURLEY, CBE Miss E.A. STEDMAN, Administrator
Mrs D. BEASLEY
Director's Secretary Mrs J. GRANT
Miss E.A. PEARCE Mrs S.M. HARDAKER
Mrs S. HASTINGS (from June 2000)
University Lecturers Mr C. HAWES
Dr N. D. BROWN Dr S. ROBERTSON
Dr M.M. CAMPBELL
Dr P.S. SAVILL Technical Staff
Mr P.J. STEWART Mr B.J. KEMP, Head (to August 2000)
Mr F.B. THOMPSON Mr I.D. GOURLAY
Mr R.H. GREENAWAY
Departmental Lecturer Miss S.K. MARNER
Dr S.N. PRYOR Miss A. SING
Mrs A.M. STRUGNELL
Curator of the Oxford University Herbaria Mrs C.M. SURMAN
Dr S.A. HARRIS Mrs R. WISE
Departmental Computer Manager Reception Staff

Dr C.I. GOODWIN-BAILEY Mrs G. BOWERMAN (from July 2000)
Mrs P. CULL
Mrs S. HASTINGS (to June 2000)
Secretarial Staff
Mrs S. JACKSON
Mrs C. STYLES
OFI staff financed externally
Deputy Director
Mr H.L. WRIGHT
Research Staff (externally-funded)

DFID-funded projects Mr J. GORDON
Dr R.D. BARNES Dr W. HAWTHORNE
Dr D.H. BOSHIER Dr J.D. HUBERT (to August 2000)
Mr J. CORDERO-SALVADO Dr S.B. JENNINGS (to November 2000)
Mr T. EVANS (to October 2000) Mrs J.P. SMITH
Mr D.L. FILER Ms J.L. STEWART
Page 2
Annual Report 2000
DFID/TFRG projects BBSRC-funded project

Dr P.S. BACON Dr S. McINNIS
Ms N. BAKER Dr J. WILLMENT
Dr I. GRUNDY (consultant)
Woodland Trust project
EU-funded projects Mr T. CURTIS (from October 2000)
Ms K. PLENDERLEITH
Mr E. MOUNTFORD (from May 2000) Secretarial Staff
Mr T.J. CLEMENTS (from September 2000 ) Mrs C.J. BENFIELD
Oxford Forest Information Service
Librarian and Information Service Manager Trainee Librarian

Mr R.A. MILLS Miss F.E. HALL (to August 2000)
Special Collections Librarian/Archivist Intern

Mrs A.M. TOWNSEND Dr Y. JONES (from July 2000)
Reader Services Librarian

Mrs J.B.D. PINFOLD
Associate Members
Contributors to forestry teaching and research Professional foresters and scientists available for
Institutional consultancies or concerned with DFID
Department of Plant Sciences activities
Dr S.J. GURR Mr P.G. ADLARD
Dr R.L. HALL Dr D. ALDER
Dr S.A. HILL Mr J.E.M. ARNOLD
Dr C.E. HUGHES
Dr R.W. SCOTLAND Dr G.C. BODEKER
Dr S.C. WATKINSON Prof E.F. BRUENIG
Dr S. COBB
Associate Departmental Lecturer Prof J. EVANS
Mr S. BASS Mr C.W. FAGG
Department of Zoology Mr P.D. HARDCASTLE
Professor C.M. PERRINS Mr J. HUDSON
Professor M.R. SPEIGHT Dr P.A. HUXLEY
Mr B.E. JONES
Staff of CAB International Prof P.J. KANOWSKI
Mrs R.E. AUSTIN (to November 2000)
Dr K.M. BECKER Mr J.R. PALMER
Mrs B. BIGGS Dr G. PETERKEN
Mr T.J. GREEN (to October 2000) Dr D.A. POSEY
Dr A. HANDLEY Dr M.F. PRICE
Dr R.E.H. HAYNES Mr R.J. RICKMAN
Ms S. HILL (to September 2000)
Mrs A.L. LEESON Dr A.W. SPEEDY
Ms G. MYERS Dr J.W. STEAD
Ms P. NEENAN (to June 2000) Mr P.J. WOOD
Mrs G. PETROKOFSKY
Ms H. PORTER
Page 3
RESEARCH
Ecology and Silviculture

Academic staff: Dr N.D. Brown, Dr P.S. Savill
Post doctoral research: Dr J.D. Hubert, Dr S.B. Jennings
Research assistant: Mr T.J. Clements, Mr E.P. Mountford, Ms K. Plenderleith
Technical staff: Miss A. Sing
Research students: Ms T. Alves, Miss C.J. Bampfylde, Mr D. Bebber, Mr S. Bhagwat, Ms T. Brncic,
Mr T. Curtis, Mr T. Evans, Mr L. Fontes, Mr G.E. Hemery, Mr E. Mountford,
Mr M. Olvera Vargas
Temperate ecology and silviculture Project Manager: Dr P.S. Savill

Researchers: Mr E. Mountford and Mr T. Clements
The performance, constraints and potential of Consultants: Mr R. Pakenham and Dr G.F. Peterken
Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Portugal European Union 5th Framework Project
Researcher: Mr L. Fontes (DPhil student)
Supervisors: Dr P.S. Savill, Mr H.L. Wright and This is a four-year programme focussing on sustainable
Dr S.A. Harris management of European beech forests, and involves a
multidisciplinary team of scientists from OFI, Denmark,
This research project is being carried out collaboratively Netherlands, Germany, Hungary and Slovenia.
between OFI and the Universidade Tcnica de Lisboa,
Instituto Superior de Agronomia (Dr M Tom, Prof H. During the first year the main areas worked on by OFI
Pereira, Prof A. Oliveira and Dr H. Almeida) and were: (i) natural stand dynamics in European beech forest
Universidade de Trs-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Dr J. S. reserves, (ii) ecology of tree regeneration in European
Luis). It is funded by the Portuguese Fundao Cincia e beech forests, (iii) contemporary management of
Tecnologia. European beech forests, and (iv) historical spread and
development of beech forests across Europe. Protocols
The assessment of the performance of Douglas fir stands for co-operative work were established for these,
in Portugal was carried out through the modelling of following attendance at the opening meeting of the
dominant height using nine growth models. Based on project in Slovenia.
statistical and biological criteria a McDill-Amateis model
was used to construct site index curves based on data Recording and/or data analysis/report writing has been
from 20 permanent sample plots and 87 stem analysis based on permanent tree and ground vegetation plots in
trees. several minimum intervention beech reserves at Lady
Park Wood (lower Wye Valley), Denny Wood (New
In the Spring of 2000 a provenance trial was established Forest), Noar Hill (Hampshire), and Buckholt Wood
with Portuguese, US and Canadian provenances. The (Cotswolds).
genetic diversity of Portuguese provenances has been
assessed through isozyme analysis of 300 trees from 10 Three reviews of natural stand dynamics, natural
stands. US and Canadian seeds of Douglas fir were used regeneration, and past-management of British
in the isozyme study in an attempt to determine regions beechwoods have been started. The latter has been
where the current Portuguese provenances originate. An exemplified by a case-study on beech management in the
analysis of the results has still to be undertaken. Chilterns and interview with an expert forester.
A study of site factors and Douglas fir growth will be A project homepage has been established
carried out to predict the potential area suitable for (http://www.flec.kvl.dk/natman), where several British
Douglas fir establishment in Portugal, using GIS. The end-users have already been encouraged to join the
main site factors and their ranges for Douglas fir growth project mailing list.
will be identified. Available digitised information on soils
and climate at a national level will be used as well as data
from permanent and temporary sample plots in Douglas
fir stands.
Nature-based management of beech in Europe
Page 4
Annual Report 2000
Long term re-structuring of Chilterns investigation into the small-scale ownership patterns
Woodlands across the region, and consideration of how this pattern
Project Manager: Dr P.S. Savill causes difficulties in implementing policies.
Research Assistant: Mr T.J. Clements
Funded by: Trans National Woodland Industries Group Restoration of plantations on ancient woodland
(TWIG) sites
Researcher: Mr T. Curtis (DPhil student)
TWIG is a European Union funded project that aims to Supervisors: Dr N.D. Brown and Dr S.N. Pryor
produce information and guidance to assist long-term Funded by: Woodland Trust
sustainable management planning to improve the
productive potential of Chilterns woodlands, especially There are around 225,000 ha of plantations created on
for high quality timber. OFI has been contracted to ancient woodland sites (PAWS) in Britain, and 40% of
execute Research Project 1 the long term re-structuring our ancient woodland is PAWS rather than semi-natural
of Chilterns woodlands to enhance the potential for woodland. There is growing interest in restoring a
production of high quality timber. Under this project, proportion of this area to semi-natural composition,
emphasis is also to be placed on natural regeneration, and arising in particular from the emphasis placed on this in
the potential for continuous cover forestry, and the certification standards. This research, which is split into
naturalization of the existing woodlands. six components, aims to increase our understanding of the
ecological, silvicultural and economic aspects of PAWS
A field survey of randomly selected Chilterns woodlands restoration.
was initiated and completed late in 2000. Survey results
will provide information on the current status of the The first component will be to generate some better data
woodlands, and indications of future directions. In on the resource, through fresh analysis of existing data-
particular an Ecological Site Classification will be sets. Attempts will also be made to estimate potential
produced for three major timber species Ash, Beech semi-natural woodland type through use of the Ecological
and Oak with the aim of identifying ecological Site Classification model being developed by the Forestry
variables that correlate with different quantities of natural Commission. Concomitant with this will be a review of
regeneration and the quality of timber production. Based the relevant ecological literature to establish the science
upon these results, and literature reviews, it will be that ought to be guiding current approaches to restoration.
possible to evaluate the feasibility of different
management practices (e.g. continuous cover forestry) in Tropical ecology
the Chilterns, and the prospects for naturalizing the
woodlands through the use of natural regeneration. The interactions of Khaya anthotheca and
Research may be able to suggest ways to enhance the Hypsipyla in Mozambique
economic potential of forestry in the region, through Researcher: Ms T. Alves (DPhil student)
identification of those sites with good prospects for the Supervisors: Dr P.S. Savill and Dr M.R. Speight
production of high quality timber by particular tree (Zoology)
species. Sponsors: Ford Foundation and IDRC
It is possible that as a result of this work the types of The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of
grants that may help further good management can be Khaya anthotheca, an African species of mahogany, for
suggested (e.g. favour natural regeneration on some sites, use in afforestation programmes, either for the
and planting on others). The level of such grants will be enrichment of natural forests or for the rehabilitation of
suggested by an associated economics exercise for degraded areas and plantations in rural areas.
determining the costs of converting to and then running Domestication of this species and the establishment of
continuous cover forestry, as opposed to current clear large plantations is hampered by its susceptibility to
felling. attack by a shoot borer in the genus Hypsipyla, which
destroys the apical shoots, causing branching and forking,
The economic exercise forms part 2 of the research reducing the quality of the timber.
project and is due to start in the summer of 2001. It aims
to provide information for potential industries as to the The research is being carried out in the mountainous
assured annual supplies of timber likely to be available. region round Moribane (Manica Province of
For this it will be necessary to analyse the current nature Mozambique, 1300 km north of Maputo). Khaya
of the woodlands, and the constraints imposed upon anthotheca occurs naturally in this area.
management for timber production, in the high quality
protected landscape of the Chilterns. The work will Trials have been established that aim to identify practices
require assessments of the standing crops and annual which reduce the susceptibility of Khaya to attack by
increments (i.e. areas by species, age classes, growth Hypsipyla. These include investigating different aspects
rates). The potential availability of timber to the market for planting, distances from perennial streams and levels
is an important factor too. This will require an
Page 5
of canopy cover (shade). A second trial is investigating Researcher: Mr D. Bebber (DPhil student)
the effect of family (progeny from different mother trees) Supervisors: Dr N.D. Brown and Dr M.R. Speight
on susceptibility to attack in the nursery, under three (Zoology)
different levels of shade. In addition, a progeny trial has
been established to investigate possible differences in The last year was spent completing the DPhil thesis that
tolerance to attack by Hypsipyla, resistance to it, and was submitted in August 2000. Some further work is
ability to recover after an attack among progenies from now required before the thesis can be accepted and this
10 mother trees of Khaya anthotheca. This experiment should be completed by March 2001.
is replicated 30 times in single tree plots.
Biodiversity and Conservation of a Cultural
Other work includes decapitating Khaya seedlings in the Landscape in the Western Ghats of India
nursery to determine their capability of recover a good Researcher: Mr S. Bhagwat (DPhil student)
form; a survey to determine the sites and conditions Supervisors: Dr N.D. Brown and Dr P.S. Savill
where Khaya regenerates well; an assessment of the Funded by: The Conservation, Food and Health
presence and abundance of Hypsipyla in the study area, Foundation
larvae being collected both in natural forest and in
plantations. This is a collaborative research project between the OFI
and the Forestry College in Ponnampet (South Kodagu),
The serious and tragic floods in Mozambique, during the which is affiliated to the University of Agricultural
beginning of 2000, caused serious disruptions to Ms Sciences, Bangalore, India. The project is funded by the
Alves research. US-based charitable trust, The Conservation, Food and
Health Foundation of Boston, Massachusetts.
The ecology and silviculture of Swietenia
macrophylla in the State of Par, Brazil The landscape in the mountain range of the Western
Project Managers: Dr N.D. Brown and Ghats of India has been managed, used and conserved by
Dr S.B. Jennings the local people for several centuries. Two separate
DFID Project R.6912 systems of conservation exist in the region. The formal
system of Government forest reserves is managed by the
The year saw the final stages of this DFID funded State Forest Department whereas the informal system of
research project. In all, nearly 1200 ha of forest that had sacred forest patches has been a part of the religio-
previously been logged for mahogany have been cultural tradition of the local inhabitants. The fieldwork
inventoried. The density of living mahogany trees >10 cm for the present project was carried out in Coorg
dbh (0.06 79 ha-1) was always comparable to the (Kodagu), which is a coffee growing area. Although more
density of trees logged (0.03 1.41 ha-1). The density of than three-quarters of the land surface in Coorg is tree
juveniles (seedlings to trees <10 cm dbh) was 22-590 covered, more than one third of this area is under
times that of commercial-sized stems (>45 cm dbh), privately owned coffee plantations that retain tall native
leading us to conclude that, contrary to other reports, trees for shade. Over the past decade this coffee belt has
mahogany regenerates strongly after logging. undergone severe changes in vegetation composition and
has been losing its native tree wealth. Sacred forest
In all study areas, mahogany trees were located patches, therefore, are the last refuges of native
significantly closer to the many seasonal streams that vegetation in the lowland agricultural landscape. We are
dissect these forests than expected by a random looking at the consequences of such long-term
distribution. Controlled experiments in the forest showed fragmentation of native vegetation for three distinct
that large canopy openings were necessary for high ecological groups of organisms, namely, woody
survival and height growth of seedlings, but that there angiosperms, diurnal birds and macro-fungi. The project
was no difference in survival and growth between valley investigates the relative effectiveness of the traditional
bottom and ridge sites. Mahogany seed disseminates in conservation practice in relation to the government
the dry season, but there is little germination until after reserves and private plantations.
the first heavy rains. As it lies dormant on the forest floor,
a large proportion of seed (average 67%) is eaten by a During the year 2000, several statistical tools and
spiny rat, Proechimys cf. guyannensis-group. Mahogany techniques were used on the collected data to be able to
seed can, however, escape seedling predation by understand the general pattern of diversity in three
germinating, which should happen earlier in the humid ecological groups of organisms across the cultural
soils close to watercourses. The forest - scale distribution landscape. The findings were presented in the form of
of mahogany is concluded to result from interactions talks and posters at conferences in Cambridge and
between phenology, climate, topography, seed predation Liverpool (UK) as well as in Missoula (USA). The last
and canopy disturbance. phase of fieldwork was carried out between September
and December 2000 for collection of supplementary data
Dipterocarp seedling survival in the understorey and surveying the study area using a GPS (Global
of a tropical rain forest Positioning System) to obtain geographic information.
Page 6
Annual Report 2000
We will now be analysing the diversity patterns in the comes from declining, unmanaged natural stocks. This
landscape context by mapping the forest patches with the joint project between OFI, the Royal Botanic Gardens,
help of MapInfo, a GIS based software. Landscape Kew, and the Forestry Research Centre, Lao PDR, aims
ecological analyses will enable us to explain the patterns to support improved rattan management through applied
of diversity in distinct ecological groups. The writing of research and training of Lao scientists. A taxonomic
the thesis will be completed by the end of Summer 2001. revision covering Laos and neighbouring countries has
been completed and has confirmed that 50 species occur
Ecology and patch dynamics of Megaphrynium in this region, over 20 of which are economically useful.
macrostachyum, a giant tropical forest herb in Eight newly-discovered species are being named whilst
the Ndoki National Park, Central African many previously named species and varieties are no
Republic longer considered to be distinct. A colour field guide is
Researcher: Ms T. Brncic (MSc by Research) being produced in both Lao and English-language
Supervisors: Dr N.D. Brown, Dr D. Harris (Edinburgh editions, illustrated by one of the Lao staff trained by the
University) project. In parallel with this, ecological research has
been conducted, including a study of the regeneration and
Although most species of tropical forest herbs grow and growth rates of one important commercial species and
reproduce more readily in sites that receive more light, trials of several methods for rapid assessment of rattan
the giant (4m) forest herb Megaphrynium macrostachyum stocks and growth rates. Plantation management of one
(Marantaceae), is unusual because of its occurrence in rattan species for edible shoot production has been
large monodominant patches, which appear to be capable adopted in Laos in the past few years and some studies
of delaying tree regeneration in forest gaps. Experimental have also been conducted on this subject.
and descriptive studies of M. macrostachyum were
initiated in the Central African Republic in order to Mathematical modelling rain forest regeneration
understand the autecology and competitive interactions dynamics
that control their local patterns of abundance and Researcher: Miss C.J. Bampfylde (DPhil student)
distribution. The main questions asked were, what Supervisors: Dr N.D. Brown, Dr D.J. Gavaghan
conditions are responsible for the formation of these (Computing Laboratory) and Prof P.K. Maini (Centre for
patches, and what are the mechanisms by which these Mathematical Biology)
herbs compete with other forest species? Funded by NERC
One years data on the growth and reproductive habits of This is a collaborative research project between OFI, the
M. macrostachyum have now been collected by censusing Centre for Mathematical Biology and the Numerical
monthly patterns of leaf, flower and fruit phenology in Analysis Group.
relation to light environment. Experiments were
completed on the rate of tree seedling emergence and Rain forests exhibit enormous tree species diversity, but
mortality in artificially defoliated and control plots within the mechanisms for establishing and maintaining such
M. macrostachyum patches as compared to forest diversity are unknown. A simple competition-
understorey plots. colonisation model has already been developed,
consisting of a system of differential equations. The
In addition to phenological surveys and competition model describes the time evolution of the population
experiments, a survey of herb distribution in relation to density of different tree species interacting in a variety of
soil, topography and light availability was carried out ways, recruitment, establishment, growth and death. The
over the 10 sq km study area. Most significant was the aim of this simple model is to try and identify the
discovery of abundant charcoal in the area, as well as mechanisms that drive species diversity.
several sites with pottery fragments dating back 600 and
2000 years B.P. This indicates that M. macrostachyum Two such models have been examined: one involving
patches may be a persistent form of secondary forest competition between different tree species; and another
resulting from past anthropogenic disturbance. where competition is removed entirely. Mathematical
analysis shows that neither model can exhibit species
Rattan diversity and sustainable management in diversity. An additional mechanism is needed for the high
Lao Peoples Democratic Republic diversity to be reproduced.
Project Managers: Dr N.D. Brown and Dr J. Dransfield
(RBG Kew) Within this model framework, the inclusion of random
Researcher: Mr T. Evans (DPhil student) fruiting events is the crucial factor necessary to
Darwin Initiative Project successfully predict species coexistence and mimic
correctly the field observations of rainforest tree
Trade in rattan canes and edible shoots is an dynamics. Another finding of the model, is that
economically important activity in the Lao Peoples parameters values required to predict diversity are much
Democratic Republic (Laos), yet most of the supply more realistic for the no competition model. The whole
role of competition may need to be reassessed.
Page 7
Future work will include modification of the model to ecology, uses, markets and sustainability issues. They are
make it more realistic and improve on its short comings. to be published in 2001 as part of a multi-author book.
For example including age-structure or vertical layers
into the canopy and studying the population dynamics of Successful DPhil thesis
each group. Verification of the model and parameters will
also be carried out by data collection in Danum Valley. Juglans regia L: genetic variation and
provenance performance
Ecology and silviculture of Oak (Quercus spp. Researcher: Mr G.E. Hemery (DPhil student)
Fagaceae) and mixed Oak mountain forests in Supervisors: Dr S.A. Harris, Dr S. Head (Northmoor
western Mxico Trust) and Dr P.S. Savill
Researcher: Mr M. Olvera Vargas (probationary
research student) A range-wide collection of Juglans regia seeds was
Supervisors: Dr N.D. Brown and Dr P.S. Savill undertaken in autumn 1997 from 12 countries, including
25 provenances and 375 half-sib progenies. 2200
The genus Quercus L. is one of the largest tree genera in seedlings were produced using innovative nursery
the northern hemisphere; it is one of the eight genera of techniques. The seedlings were planted in three
the Fagaceae family. Even though this genus has been provenance trials in southern England in 1999, the largest
intensively studied in North America and Europe, in of which acted as a combined provenance/progeny trial.
Mxico it has poorly studied from an ecological and After one growing season, survival was 98.9 %, mean
silvicultural perspective. In order to formulate height growth 35 cm, and mean stem diameter increment
management alternatives that accurately reflect 5 mm. Provenance differences for both height and stem
productive potential, and to promote its conservation, a diameter increment were highly significant (p<0.001).
better understanding of the basic ecological process that There were no significant genotype environment
underline the dynamics of oak and associated species is interactions. Flushing assessments revealed few
needed. Thus, this project aims to describe qualitatively significant differences between provenances and flushing
and quantitatively the full range of structure variation and was complete by early April. Family heritability for tree
species composition of oak and mixed oak forests; and to height was 0.19 at one site and, with combined selection,
identify feasible patterns of canopy species composition genetic gain was estimated at 8 %.
with respect to stand, site and environmental conditions,
in the Sierra de Manantln, Mxico. Emphasis is on The effects of three types of treeshelter and a stumping
investigating the performance of episodic regeneration treatment on walnut establishment were tested over three
successes and subsequent recruitment into the adult stage. growing seasons. Treeshelters were found beneficial to
The study will be used to formulate silvicultural systems height increment. However, 120 cm tall shelters
and alternatives of management that reflect the promoted early flushing, and consequent risk of increased
productive potential of these ecosystems. This project frost damage, and caused more stem die-back than 75 cm
involves the establishment and re-measurement of 105 shelters. Stumping promoted rapid early height
permanent sample plots (500 m2 each), established during increment but gave no longer-term benefit. The crown
1991 (n = 32); 1994 (n = 28) and 1999 (n = 45), spread (cd) and stem (dbh) diameter at breast height relationship
over the study area. of open growing trees in Britain was assessed and was
highly significant (r2 = 0.96, p<0.001). The regression
State of knowledge studies of high value non- equation (cd = 2.71 + 17.6 dbh) permitted the estimation
timber forest products of Central Africa of suitable planting densities for the provenance trials and
Project Manager: Dr N.D. Brown the calculation of a thinning regime.
Researcher: Ms K. Plenderleith
Isozyme analysis of the 375 genotypes identified 20 loci
Working with Kristina Plenderleith and two students, in 15 enzyme systems with seed embryo extracts. Using
Nick Brown prepared four state-of-knowledge reviews young leaf extracts, the polymorphic locus Pgm-1
for the Central African Regional Programme for the indicated low expected heterozygosity of 0.06 both
Environment (CARPE). CARPE is a long-term initiative within populations and at the species level. FST and GST
by USAID to address the issues of deforestation and estimates, both 0.05, indicated high uniformity among
biodiversity loss in the Congo Basin forest zone, in the populations. Genetic distance estimates did not identify
middle of the African continent. This forest is under significant clustering consistent with geographic origin.
increasing pressure from population growth,
unsustainable resource use, poor management, and other
problems related to poverty and political instability. The
reviews on Baillonella toxisperma, Cola nitida, Cola
accuminata, Irvingia gabonensis, Irvingia wombolu and
Ricinodendron heudelotii, covered the taxonomy,
Page 8
Annual Report 2000
Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement

Academic staff: Prof J. Burley
Research staff: Dr R.D. Barnes, Ms J.L. Stewart
Research student: Ms Y.M. Malheiros de Oliveira
Germplasm acquisition and evaluation Qualitative analysis of agroforestry

species for fodder
African acacias - monographs and manuals
Project Manager: Dr R.D. Barnes Investigation of factors affecting the nutritive
Researcher and botanical artist: Mrs R.Wise value of Calliandra calothyrsus leaf as fodder for
DFID Project R.7275 ruminants
Project Manager: Ms J.L. Stewart
The objectives of this project are to publish information DFID Project R.6549
collected and results of experiments conducted in the six Collaborators: CIAT, Colombia; KARI, Embu, Kenya;
DFID FRP projects on the African acacias. These started University of Reading
in 1987and have progressed from exploration, taxonomic
studies and seed collection through distribution, genetic Calliandra calothyrsus is a tropical leguminous tree
evaluation and assessment of potential to dissemination which can provide dry season leaf fodder of high nutritive
of the materials and information. Three works will be value, even on acid infertile soils, but it contains high
published in this project:- monographs and annotated levels of condensed tannins, and the reported feeding
bibliographies on Faidherbia albida and Acacia senegal value varies widely. We have investigated effects of
(and the gum arabic trade) and a handbook on the management and environment on the nutritive value of
ecology, uses and culture of the acacias of Zimbabwe for two high-yielding provenances of Calliandra, through a
forestry and agricultural extension workers, small scale combination of feeding trials in Colombia and Kenya,
farmers and teachers. In addition, the first draft of a and analytical studies, particularly of the tannin chemistry
major work on a conspectus of the African acacias as a of the leaf, at the University of Reading. The leaf tannins
whole will be produced. The project draws on the have been shown to differ markedly between the
experience of sixteen external collaborators who are provenances, not only in level but also in chemical
being contracted to contribute to the publications. structure. The two provenances have also been shown to
differ in leaf digestibility, both in vitro and in feeding
During 2000, progress was made on all four works but trials with sheep and goats at CIAT, Colombia, and in
the volume of publications and documents to be Embu, Kenya. Drying of the leaves, however, which has
abstracted for the monographs, and the difficult field been widely reported to reduce digestibility, has been
conditions in Zimbabwe, caused some slippage in found to have no significant effect on digestibility, tannin
achieving the milestones. The FRP has recognized the level nor, most importantly, on animal production.
problems and funded the project for a further six months Feeding trials in Embu showed no adverse effect of
so that the completion date is now 31 March 2001. The wilting the leaves before feeding them, on either growth
question of the completion of the conspectus has also rate of lambs or milk production in goats. These studies
been addressed and the FRP have agreed to fund this in suggest that it is not essential to feed Calliandra
the form of a further (part-time) extension of this project immediately after harvesting, as is widely recommended,
to 31 March 2003; but this does not include the cost of giving much greater flexibility in the way it is used,
publication. particularly in cut-and-carry systems.
During 2000 the main emphasis of the project has been

on dissemination of these research findings, through both
the scientific literature and through a range of leaflets
and booklets aimed at tropical smallholder farmers and
extension workers. In addition, three regional workshops
have been held in Central America (Costa Rica), Africa
(Kenya) and Southeast Asia (Indonesia) to disseminate
the findings more widely and to discuss options for
follow-up studies as well as ways to increase the
developmental impact of the research.
Successful DPhil thesis
Page 9
The main goal of the thesis was to determine the

Investigation of remote sensing for assessing and relationship between vegetation and satellite remote
monitoring the Araucaria forest of Brazil sensing for assessing and monitoring Araucaria forest
Researcher: Ms Y.M. Malheiros de Oliveira (DPhil and ecosystems associated with the Araucaria forest
student) region. The reflective properties and spectral signatures
Supervisors: Prof J. Burley, Dr M. Packer (Zoology) and of the four main forest types in the INF (Araucaria forest,
Dr T. Dawson (Environmental Change Institute) Araucaria angustifolia plantation, Pinus elliottii
Sponsored by Brazilian Government plantation and Pinus taeda plantation) were analysed and
characterised. It was noted that spectral responses of A.
Southern Brazil has experienced a rapid deterioration of angustifolia plantation and P. taeda plantation are
its forest resources during the last century, mainly due to similar. Standard Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
the impacts of exploitative land use practices. Mixed revealed that the spectral data space could be reduced to
Ombrophilous Forest with Araucaria angustifolia three eingenvectors. The discrimination of A.
(Bertoloni) O. Kuntze (Veloso and Goes-Filho), is angustifolia was achieved using the second component of
typically dominated by the species Araucaria the PCA using near infrared and mid infrared wavebands.
angustifolia, also known as paran-pine. Although the Linear Mixing Modelling was undertaken to detect and
species is predominant, Araucaria forest also supports a identify A. angustifolia at sub-pixel level. The shade
complex, variable and regional ecosystem composed of image was sensitive to forestry structure (density) and
many species, some of which are endemic to this forest species differentiation. Use of the Normalised Difference
type. Vegetation Index was successful in the biomass change
detection using image differencing. These techniques
The present study focused on an area of the Araucaria were then utilised in an image differencing process,
forest biome located within the first plateau of Paran resulting in a proposed alternative monitoring system to
State. It includes the Irati National Forest (INF), the only detect forest changes in the Araucaria forest region.
protected area with Araucaria forest in Paran State.
Page 10
Annual Report 2000
Forest Biodiversity and Plant Systematics

Academic staff: Dr S.A. Harris
Research staff: Dr D.H. Boshier, Dr W. Hawthorne
Research assistant: Mr J. Cordero-Salvado
Medicinal plants altered patterns of gene flow in B. quinata and S. humilis,

along with evidence for inbreeding/outbreeding depression
Medicinal plants used by Luo mothers and and localized adaptation was completed. Although there
children in Bondo District, Kenya was evidence for localized adaptation at a 50km scale,
Researcher: Dr S. A. Harris there was no evidence for outbreeding depression from
the altered levels of gene flow. There was also increased
In cooperation with Dr Wenzel Geissler of the Institute of seed production under increased disturbance for S.
Anthroplogy (University of Copenhagen) and the humilis, although not for B. quinata, whose conservation
Kenyan-Danish Health Research Project we are appeared to be limited by poor regeneration.
investigating medicinal plants used by Luo mothers and
children in the Bondo District of Kenya, with a view to The genetic impacts of fragmentation are complex, but in
identifying plants that are useful in the treatment of some tree species pollination occurs over far greater
common diseases. An ethnobotanical survey has been distances and more frequently than previously thought,
undertaken in the Luo region of Kenya and all of the such that connectivity may be high across landscapes with
species (c. 57 species) in approximately 90 plant little forest cover. With adequate gene flow and seed
remedies, mentioned by women and children, have been production, some remnant forest patches and trees may be
identified. These data have provided insights into Luo important contributors to connectivity and conservation
traditional medicine and the potentially new more generally. Their description as isolated or living
pharmacologically active substances. dead, with little or no conservation value, is for some
species misleading and more human perception than a
true reflection of any biological reality. It is more
realistic to view remnant forest patches not as islands, but
Reproductive biology and genetic as existing within a mosaic of land uses which differ in
diversity their capacity to provide habitat or permit movement.
Conditions in many large lowland estates are less
Genetic diversity and population structure of propitious than on steep land under subsistence
trees in fragmented dry zone forests of Central production. There will be a distance beyond which
America genetic isolation occurs, but determination is
Project Manager: Dr D.H. Boshier experimentally problematic, and thresholds will vary
DFID Project R.6516 between species, depending on pollinator characteristics
and availability, and specificity of the tree-pollinator
The project studied intra-specific genetic diversity, relationship.
mating system, gene flow, phenology, localized
adaptation and inter-provenance crossing in undisturbed The project identified, with others, some of the potential
and fragmented tropical dry forests of Central America for, and limitations to, biodiversity conservation at the
for four species (Bombacopsis quinata, Cedrela forest/agriculture interface. There is a need to alter
salvadorensis, Leucaena salvadorensis, Swietenia humilis). perceptions of conservation planners more used to
The genetic effects of fragmentation on remnant stands and traditional in situ conservation methods, to consider the
trees are relatively unknown and currently under debate. possibility that trees outside protected areas have a role
Whilst fragmentation may reduce populations below critical in biodiversity conservation. This requires the direct
size and gene flow to levels below that needed to prevent involvement of development organizations and an
genetic drift, it may also increase or alter patterns of gene effective two-way communication between them and
flow between remnant populations. Studies, in traditional conservation organizations to ensure both
collaboration with Gemma White and Wayne Powell at conservation and development benefits. There is a need
SCRI, showed that, in both B. quinata and S. humilis, at the to raise awareness amongst development professionals of
degree of separation studied (1 - 4.5 km), fragmentation does the value of natural regeneration both as socio-economic
not impose a genetic barrier between remnants, but altered and conservation resources. Results were disseminated
and enhanced levels of inter-fragment gene flow over longer through courses, workshops and publications to a range
distances, facilitated by the ability of pollinators to move of users. Four courses were taught in Honduras and
between spatially isolated stands of trees. Research with Australia (total of 45 people from 16 countries).
Martin Billingham, concentrated on the implications of such Participants held senior posts in government or NGOs,
Page 11
covering national park planning/management, forestry the production of extension materials. The dissemination
research, natural resources management, etc. Under the materials will be developed and tested in close
project the purchase and distribution of 200 copies of the cooperation with a large number of collaborators and
textbook Forest conservation genetics: principles and through existing extension networks in each country. A
practice was funded to provide copies for key libraries and preliminary project web page has been set up at:
teachers in universities, forestry schools and research www.geocities.com/pamfrp/ giving basic information
organizations in developing countries. about the project. After revision this will be transferred to
the CATIE server and will contain drafts of project
Mesoamerican tree species: a source book for farm publications for revision by collaborators.
planting and ecological restoration
Project Manager: Dr D.H. Boshier
Dissemination Coordinator: Dr A. Schlnvoight (CATIE) Field Guides
Source Book Coordinator: Mr J. Cordero-Salvado
DFID Project R.7588 Guide to Plant Field Guides: comparison and
development of tropical forest plant guide
The highly diverse biological, cultural, environmental and formats with a handbook to assist future
socio-economic conditions encountered across production of field guides
Mesoamerica demand diverse approaches to sustainable Project Managers: Dr C.E. Hughes and
farming. Trees are a vital component of most Dr W. Hawthorne
Mesoamerican farming systems, but often only a simple Researcher and botanical artist: Mrs R. Wise
or limited range of management options and species are DFID Project R.7367
currently promoted by forestry projects. Many national,
regional, and even global compendia have compiled The Field Guides project is funded by the UK
information about useful trees. However, few have Department for International Development (DFID) under
defined utility from a farmer perspective based on their Forest Research Programme (FRP). The aim is to
farmer surveys. Species selection has usually been based produce a hand book to facilitate production of field
on the authors expertise and agenda, and often implies guides suitable for various groups of users, based partly
promotion of a restricted set of exotic species. Many on the results of empirical trials with various user groups,
have questioned the wisdom of this approach and guide formats, and sets of species. We are producing a
highlighted its risks (e.g. invasiveness, lack of diversity). range of small guides (guidelets) to groups of plants as
Furthermore, most such compendia emphasize technical a basis for empirical testing of the relative values of
aspects of tree planting and establishment, with little various formats. During autumn 2000, Colin Hughes left
consideration of the context in terms of farming systems the project, leaving William Hawthorne and Rosemary
and farmer constraints and preferences, and do not Wise.
provide specific indications of which species appear best
suited to the many different reforestation options (e.g. We have established links with Limbe Botanic Garden,
small blocks, living fences, trees in fields/pasture, natural where we are planning tests on Cola guides (22 species).
regeneration). The project is based on the existence and In Ghana, workshops were held to discuss the contents of
synthesis of a large body of both published and various planned guidelets. Formats for a tree guide with
unpublished information, while the selection of species no words were debated and tested, and a format agreed
covered is based on farmer preferences, as expressed in on as a basis for a trial Photoguide to the large trees of
a large number of existing farmer surveys from within the Ghana. Numerous photographs were taken with a digital
region. camera towards this end. We also tried out on potential
users various formats of NTFP and interesting plant
The objectives of the project are to: a) make available guides in Ankasa reserve. Full testing of a variety of
current knowledge of Mesoamerican tree species and guide formats, for accuracy, useability and user
their role in on-farm planting, ecological restoration and appreciation will be conducted in 2001 in Ghana,
natural regeneration; b) ensure effective dissemination Grenada and Cameroon.
and uptake of that information. The project draws upon
a diverse team with many years of experience in farming
systems, socio-economic aspects, farmer decision-making
processes, agroforestry, ecology, silviculture, taxonomy
and genetics within the Central American region. OFI is
coordinating the production of the Source Book, whilst
CATIE is responsible for the overall coordination and
implementation of the training/extension material
component of the project. The Source Book will be
available in Spanish, with a supporting CD-ROM
containing photographic and drawing images to facilitate
Page 12
Annual Report 2000
Forest Biotechnology
Academic staff: Dr M.M. Campbell
Post doctoral research: Dr S. McInnis, Dr J. Willment
Research students: Ms A. Collins, Ms H. Jones, Ms L. Juda, Ms L. Newman, Ms L. Rogers
Technical staff: Mrs C.M. Surman
Molecular genetics of tree development characterization of these mutants, and the cloning of the
genes corresponding to the mutant loci. We anticipate
Tree growth and development is of interest from both a that these results should reveal important insights into the
biological and an industrial perspective. Our work is regulation of lignin accumulation.
focussed on understanding a subset of the molecular
mechanisms that underlie tree growth and development. The control of maturation in trees
In addition, we use our data to devise strategies for the Researcher: Ms A. Collins (DPhil student)
biotechnological improvement of tree species for Supervisor: Dr M.M. Campbell
industrial end-uses. The major interests of our group Sponsor: Shell International Renewables
include:-
Great progress has been made in delineating the
The control of wood formation mechanisms that underlie events related to maturation,
Researchers: Ms L. Juda, Dr S. McInnis, such as the transition to flowering and changes in plant
Ms L. Newman, Ms L. Rogers and Dr J. Willment architecture, in herbaceous annual plants. In contrast,
Sponsor: BBSRC very little is known about the molecular mechanisms
which control this phase transition in day-neutral,
All land plants produce a woody tissue called xylem. perennial plants like trees. This project is directed
This tissue plays a crucial role in both the physical toward testing the hypothesis that the function(s) of the
support of the plant and in the transport of water and genes that control maturation in a daylength-dependent
solutes throughout the plant body. Furthermore, xylem flowering plant, arabidopsis, are conserved in a day-
forms the foundation of the multibillion pound industries neutral plant, eucalyptus. So far, we have been able to
involved in the conversion of wood to pulp, paper, timber clone and characterize two eucalyptus genes that are
and energy. Our work focuses on understanding the orthologous to genes involved in the control of phase
molecular mechanisms that underlie the formation of transition in herbaceous annual plants such as
xylem. These studies are providing important insights arabidopsis. These genes encode proteins that are
into the development of land plants, and are revealing members of the CENTRORADIALIS and TERMINAL
means by which xylem formation could be modified for FLOWER family of phosphatidylethanolamine binding
improved industrial properties. proteins. We have been able to demonstrate that these
eucalyptus genes can function to affect phase change
Our work on wood formation makes use of trees such as using molecular genetic experiments. Current work is
eucalyptus, poplar and pine as well as the model plant aimed at fully characterizing these genes and their gene
Arabidopsis thaliana. Our work in this area has two foci. products and at identifying other members of this
In the first, we are investigating the functions of two important family of genes.
members of the MYB family of transcription factors,
which were identified in differentiating pine xylem. We The control of growth and form in trees
hypothesize that these two MYB proteins function to Researcher: Ms H. Jones (DPhil student)
regulate aspects of xylem formation. More specifically, Supervisor: Dr M.M. Campbell
our results point to the involvement of these MYB Sponsors: Shell International Renewables and BBSRC
proteins in the regulation of the formation of lignin Case Studentship
during xylem formation. Current work is involved in
testing hypotheses related to the functions of these MYB The activity of meristematic tissues plays a major role in
proteins, and the regulation of the corresponding genes, determining the form and rate of growth of all plants.
using biochemical and genetic approaches. This project is aimed at testing the hypothesis that a
subset of the genes shown to be involved in establishing
The second focus of our work on wood formation and maintaining vegetative meristems in Arabidopsis
involves the analysis of mutants with altered thaliana have functional orthologues in eucalypts. We
accumulation of lignin, an important component of xylem have been able to clone and characterize a eucalyptus
cell walls. Normally, arabidopsis plants accumulate gene encoding a member of the KNOTTED and
lignin in xylem cells and in the sclerified parenchyma. SHOOTMERISTEMLESS family of homeobox proteins.
Based on exciting results obtained by several Current work is aimed at testing hypotheses related to the
undergraduate research project students working in our role of this gene in regulating the activity of primary and
lab, we have been able to identify arabidopsis mutants secondary meristems in eucalyptus. These studies will be
with altered patterns of lignin accumulation. So far, we an important first step in understanding the role of
have been able to identify three non-allelic mutants that meristem activity in the control of tree growth and form.
exhibit dramatically altered patterns of lignin
accumulation. Current research is focussed on the
Page 13
Forest Policy and Management

Academic staff: Dr S.N. Pryor
Post-doctoral research: Dr J.D. Hubert
Research student: Mr T. Curtis, Mr M. Markopoulos
Protected forest areas certified, such as reinforcing communities attempts to

Project Manager: Dr S.N. Pryor have their forest tenure recognized.
Researcher: Mr T. Curtis
Consultant: Dr G. Peterken This line of work was continued through a link with a
Funded by: Forestry Commission and WWF (UK) DFID funded project being undertaken by SGS on access
to certification for small-scale forest enterprises. Jake
There is a wide range of types of protected forest in the Williss findings in Ecuador and Alan Smith's in Papua
UK: Natura 2000 areas, National Parks, SSSIs, NGO New Guinea confirmed the view that the capacity of the
nature reserves and voluntary measures. This study community enterprises to access international markets
gathered data on the extent of all these various protective would need to be increased before certification could act
mechanisms and areas, and also evaluated their as an economic driver for better forest management.
effectiveness. This analysis enabled the allocation of the
various types of protected area to the IUCN Categories of Kristjan Tonnisson, having participated in development
Protected Area to be reconsidered. This revealed that the of the Estonian National Standard before coming to
UK is very under-represented in the highest wilderness Oxford, took the opportunity to assess the adequacy of
and natural reserves categories. However, by taking into the science underlying some of the requirements. This
account areas subject to management agreements and to revealed the limited level of knowledge underpinning
multiple measures (e.g. ancient woodland and SSSI) a some key requirements - for example on clear-felling
rather more positive picture has been produced. It limits - in all NW European standards. His research also
appears that 15-20% of UK woodlands could be involved an assessment of the costs associated with
considered as being within Categories I IV (which certification for three different types of forest: a small
compares with WWF global target of 10%). The study family owned/managed forest; medium-sized estate,
revealed that the data for most protection mechanisms is professionally managed and the state forests.
poor, and also that the IUCN definitions are not
sufficiently clear to allow objective analysis and Simon Pryor and Malcolm Campbell collaborated to
international comparisons. supervise an examination by Peter Coventry (as his MSc
thesis) of whether genetic modification (GM) and
Certification certification will ever be compatible. This analysed the
Researcher: Mr M. Markopoulos (DPhil student) perceived risks of using GM trees in plantations, and
Co-supervisors: Prof J. Burley, Mr S. Bass (IIED) compared these with the risks associated with other
MSc students: Mr J. Willis, Mr A. Smith, operations allowed under certification standards. It also
Mr P. Coventry and Mr K. Tonnisson (MSc collated and reviewed the attitudes to GM and
Environmental Change) certification of some of the major players.
Co-supervisor: Ms R. Nussbaum (SGS Qualifor)
Funding Sources: DFID and IIED. Restoration of plantations on ancient woodland
sites
Forest certification is now a major issue and/or initiative Project Managers: Dr N.D. Brown and Dr S.N. Pryor
in most countries of the world. It is intended to provide Research Assistant: Mr T. Curtis
a market driver for sustainable forestry by enabling Funded by: Woodland Trust
consumers to choose to use timber from well managed
sources. This involves setting standards for sustainable See page 5 for details of this project.
forestry in each region or country, and providing
assurance through auditing and chain of custody from
source to supermarket shelf.
Matthew Markopouloss research has focussed on the

role of certification in supporting community-based forest
enterprises in central America. One of his main findings
is that certification was not providing significant market
opportunities or premium for the certified enterprises.
However, there were other benefits associated with being
Page 14
Annual Report 2000
Carbon sequestration in English semi-natural Economics of continuous cover forestry

woodland Project Managers: Dr S.N. Pryor and Dr P.S. Savill
Project Managers: Dr T. Dawson (Environmental Post-doctoral Researcher: Dr J. Hubert
Change Institute) and Dr S.N. Pryor Funding Source: Woodland Heritage
Researcher: Mr B Briggs (Biology undergraduate)
Funding Source: British National Space Centre LINK Continuous cover forestry (i.e. alternatives to clear-
Project felling) is being promoted in most temperate and boreal
forests. Whilst proponents claim that income is
The overall aim of this project is to test the application of increased, and costs reduced, forest managers frequently
synthetic aperture radar remote sensing techniques for claim that the management costs are prohibitive. This
quantifying carbon storage in forests. OFI's role is to project was a brief review of the operational differences
provide the field assessments of biomass and carbon from conventional forestry, and the possible differences
which will then be used to ground truth the remote in costs and income. The aim was not to provide
sensing data. The study sites are Monkswood in definitive costings, but to identify where the biggest costs
Northants, a typical mixed coppice woodland, and a part lie (e.g. directional felling), and how they compare with
of Thetford forest containing pine plantations of various the claimed economic benefits (e.g. reduced weeding).
ages. This will help pinpoint the activities/operations which are
the biggest economic obstacles, and feed into the
Quantifying and valuing wider environmental development of appropriate Government incentives.
benefits of new woodland in the South West
Forest Wildwoods - the feasibility and desirability of
Project Manager: Dr S.N. Pryor creating native woodland by low intensity
Post-doctoral Researcher: Dr J. Hubert techniques
Funding Source: South West Forest Partnership Project Managers: Dr N.D. Brown, Dr S.N. Pryor,
Dr A. Scott (Aberystwyth) and Dr R.W. Worrell
The South West Forest is a major initiative to create new (Edinburgh)
woodland on marginal agricultural land in North Devon Funding Sources: Consortium of UK countryside
and Cornwall. This study was part of large suite of agencies (Countryside Agency, Countryside Council for
studies to quantify and evaluate the potential benefits. Wales, English Nature, Environment Agency and
We were tasked with quantifying and giving an indication Scottish Natural Heritage)
of possible value of wider non-market environmental
benefits. These comprised: water quality, flood In this study a leading team of researchers is appraising
prevention, soil conservation and carbon storage. The the feasibility of creating 'wilderness woodlands'. These
analysis was based on a review of existing published will be extensive areas of woodland comprising native
estimates of these benefits, and applying these to the species, and established using low intensity silvicultural
areas of forest likely to be created in the South West techniques such as natural regeneration/colonisation, on
Forest. land which it is likely could come out of conventional
agricultural production.
Page 15
OTHER RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Academic staff: Mr P.J. Stewart, Mr F.B. Thompson

Academic-related staff: Mr H.L. Wright
Research staff: Ms N. Baker, Mrs J.P. Smith
country and species. Other outputs from the project are

Ecophysiology also available on the web site. Currently the database
Academic staff: Mr F.B. Thompson contains a total of 122 records of studies comprising 30
permanent sample plots studies, 22 natural forest
inventories and 70 sets of species volume functions. A
Work continued on the mass transfer component (water
total of 23 tropical countries are involved. It is
movement in the liquid and vapour phases) of the
emphasized that, although a number of datasets have been
simulation model of wood drying kilns using solar
documented and catalogued, the actual raw data is not yet
energy. Given the physical basis of the model it has
secure. Although the project finished in April 2000 more
applications to a wide range of radiant, thermal and latent
datasets are being added to the database.
energy transfer systems.
A two-day workshop, entitled Maintaining Forest Data
A shelter coefficient (SC) has been established by wind
for Future Use, was held at Reading on 30-31 March
tunnel and field experiments. The SC is a value relating
2000 to consider archival policy and practice for historic
to changes in both the mean wind speed and its
and current tropical forest inventory data. The workshop
turbulence resulting from shelter. Further studies are
consisted of two parts: first, presentations on the form
planned for a range of sites to test the correlation between
and functioning of archival systems and, second, a
the shelter coefficient and microclimatic parameters.
discussion on archival policy for tropical forest data. The
main recommendation to arise from the workshop was the
need for all projects, whether research or bilateral, to be
pro-active concerning the management of data collected.
Biometrics and Inventory Projects should have a data management plan
Project Manager: Mr H.L. Wright
incorporated into the project memorandum which would
detail not only the management of data during the life of
Documentation of UK holdings of growth and the project but the arrangements to be made for its
yield, inventory and other data from tropical archival after the end of the project. The report of the
forests workshop is available on the website.
Research Assistants: Ms N. Baker and Mrs J.P. Smith Humid and semi-humid tropical forest yield
DFID Project R.7277 regulation with minimal data
Considerable amounts of data from static and recurrent Research Assistants: Ms N. Baker and Mrs J.P. Smith
inventories and volume table construction are held in UK Consultant: Dr D. Alder
organizations. Many of these data are now no longer DFID Project R.7278
available in their country of origin. They form a resource
of valuable information on forest dynamics. This project In collaboration with Dr Denis Alder, the project aims to
was in collaboration with the Universities of Wales develop a simple methodology for estimating the
(Bangor) and Reading. potential yield from a tropical moist forest when there are
only data available from one point in time and to present
A meta-database (ATROFI UK, Archive for TROpical this in the form of a manual. Estimation of a valid yield
Forest Inventory for data residing in the UK) was set up is becoming more important as statements of
using Access. ATROFI-UK is a meta-database and sustainability are increasingly required; however, in many
therefore does not contain raw data but rather a summary cases the ideal data on growth rates, mortality and
of what is in the listed datasets and, most importantly, a recruitment are not available. This may be especially true
contact address of the holder of the raw data. A project in the preparation of community management plans.
web page was created (http://www.atrofi-uk.com) from
which the database can be searched by type of data, During the year the proceedings from the workshop that
was held at CATIE in Costa Rica were published as an
Page 16
Annual Report 2000
OFI Occasional Paper (Wright, H.L. and Alder, D. (Eds)

2000 Proceedings of a Workshop on Humid and Semi- Cultural Ecology
humid Tropical Forest Yield Regulation with Minimal Academic staff: Mr P.J. Stewart
Data. CATIE, Costa Rica, 5-9 July, 1999. Oxford
Forestry Institute, Occasional Paper 52). Copies of the
Mr Stewart accepted an invitation to lecture on the
abstracts are available on the project website
cultural ecology of the Near East for the Oriental Faculty.
(http://www.bio-met.co.uk/R7278/index.htm) and the full
Preparation for this has provided an opportunity to
papers can be downloaded. Another paper (Alder, D.,
research into the past 12,000 years of ecological history
Oavika, F., Sanchez, M., Silva, J.N.M. and Wright, H.L.
in the area and to find further material for his ecology
A method for calibrating growth models for tropical
book, the essence of whose argument was presented in
moist forest with minimal data) has been submitted to
chapter 18 of Where next? Reflections of the human
Forest Ecology and Management.
future, edited by Duncan Poore, former Director of the
OFI. Mr Stewart also contributed articles to The
Preparations are being made for a workshop to be held in
Companion to African Literatures, edited by Douglas
Oxford in April 2001 when the system will be
Killam and Ruth Rowe, published by James Currey.
demonstrated to those who attended the CATIE meeting.
In cooperation with another DFID (FRP) project based in
Edinburgh, which has constructed an individual tree
model for dipterocarp forests in Indonesia, an exit
strategy is being developed which will compare both
approaches for two or more specific areas. This project
extension will also involve training periods in the use of
both systems.
Page 17
EDUCATION
Department for International Development (DFID) were
BA in Biological Sciences the major sources of financial support for British students
following the course. The Hosier Fund and Lloyd
Studentship, both associated with Linacre College, were
The Biological Sciences degree offers a wide choice of
also major contributors in two cases and the Queens
options embracing both pure and applied aspects of
College in one.
biology. Candidates take a first year Honour
Moderations with courses focussing on cells and genes,
organisms and population biology. This provides a broad 1999-2000 class
overview of biology and prepares them for more The dissertations submitted were entitled:-
specialized courses in the second and third years when
students specialize to an increasing degree. In addition to Ms Elinor Breman
courses in evolution and systematics and quantitative Seed dispersal and forest rehabilitation.
methods, they may also choose to follow options in:- Mr Giovanni Cordobo Mosquera
Understorey interactions between Ash (Fraxinus
Animal biology excelsior L.) and Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.)
Plant and microbial biology in two British woodlands.
Environmental biology Mr Peter Coventry
Cell and developmental biology Forest certification and genetically engineered trees:
The biology of animal and plant disease will the two ever be compatible?
Mr John Dale
Institute staff contribute to most of these options Investigation into the structure of a beechwood
including complete lecture courses in silviculture, tree ectomycorrhizal community. Use of morphotype and
breeding, forest conservation and forestry for timber PCR analysis to profile community components.
production within the environmental biology option. Mr Filippo Del Gatto
Company-community partnerships in the forest sector:
case studies from Central America.
Mr Daniel Edmonds
MSc in Forestry and its Relation to Charcoal, carbon and cash.
Ms Suzanne Enoh
Land Use Mount Cameroon projects institutional policy on
equitable benefit sharing from Prunus africana
The Institutes one-year taught MSc, now in its 28th year, exploitation as experienced by the Mapanja local
continues to be highly regarded. Major elements of the community.
course are some 20 series of lectures and seminars, an Mr Premysl Macel
extended essay, a forest management exercise, and a Changes in the species composition in the forests of
dissertation. Substantial contributions from many visitors the Czech Republic in response to changing policies,
and Institute staff who do not have formal University and their consequences.
teaching responsibilities ensure that the course maintains Mr James Paterson
its breadth, depth and close contact with research, and Modelling potential distribution changes of European
that the wide range of students interests (typified, for tree species in response to climate change and the
example, by the variety of dissertation topics listed) can consequences for W12 Fagus sylvatica-Mercurialis
be addressed satisfactorily. One of the teaching strengths perennis woodland in south-east England.
of the OFI is the recent first-hand experience that so Mr Marcel Robischon
many staff have of conditions in other countries, Development of a conservation strategy for Faidherbia
especially in the tropics. albida (Del) A. Chev. on the basis of variability in
choroplast and nuclear DNA.
Seventeen students were admitted to the 2000/2001 class. Ms Vandana Singh
As in previous years, one of the values of the class is the Social inequality and forests. A study of policies,
diversity of its membership, in terms of both the subject institutions and impacts with special reference to
of first degree and subsequent experience. One third of Himachal Pradesh, India.
the students are British, most with first degrees in Mr Alan Smith
biological sciences. Those from overseas come from Group certification in Papua New Guinea.
Cameroon, Germany, Ghana, India, Japan, Malawi,
Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and USA.
Ms Aoife Smith
The Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and The impact of agricultural reform on national forest
Page 18
Annual Report 2000
policy; a review and comparative analysis of Ireland, Mr Alistair Yeomans

France and New Zealand. Horticulture, Strathclyde
Mr Kenley Thomas
The study of Milicia excelsa.
Ms Rhonda Urlin
A situational analysis of the impact of forestry Post-Experience Training Courses
education on Guyanas forestry sector.
Mr Hans-Albrecht Wiehler
The risk in forest production planning on marginal Current Methods in Tropical Forestry
sites in the Grflich v. Bernstorffsche
Forstverwaltung Gartow. This was the 4th year that this course has been run and
Mr Jake Willis included the following participants:-
The potential for community forest certification in
Mr Gurbaz Singh
Ecuador.
Mr Swarn Singh
Mr C. K. Shahi
The Jubilee Prize Mr Mewa Singh
This prize was awarded to Mr Peter Coventry (Linacre
College). These were from the Punjab Forest Department and
either conservators or deputy conservators of forests
The Directors Prize for the Best Dissertation funded by the Japanese government. A fifth candidate,
This prize was awarded to Mr Jake Willis (Linacre Mr Ngatara Kimaro, was a forester from Tanzania
College). working on the Lake Victoria rehabilitation project and
funded by the World Bank. The course followed the
established form and including inputs from all the
2000-2001 class member organizations of the TFRG and also included a
tour to forestry institutes in Germany and France.
Mr Franz-Eugen Arnold
Forestry, Rottenburg, Germany
Ms Rose Bell
Agriculture, Bunda, Malawi Research Students
Mr Cameron Campbell
Landscape architecture, British Colombia Sixteen of the research students registered in the
Mr Stephan Gale Department of Plant Sciences in 2000 were working
Natural sciences, Cambridge within the Institute; their work is described in earlier
Mr Tobias Jackson sections of this report. Two students, Mr G.E. Hemery
Tropical environmental science, Aberdeen and Ms Y.M. Malheiros de Oliveira successfully
Ms Tonya Lander defended their doctoral theses.
Botany/anthropology, Washington, USA
Mr Weston Mwase
Agriculture, Bunda, Malawi
Mr Antwi Oduro Further Information on Education
Natural resources management, UST, Ghana
Mr Koki Okawa
Forest science, Tokyo, Japan Further information about the OFIs educational activities
Ms Caroline Pridham is available from Dr Peter Savill for undergraduate and
Zoology, Bristol postgraduate taught and research degrees, and Mrs Jackie
Mr Timothy Rayden Grant for non-degree courses and programmes.
Applied biology, Bath
Mr Vishnu Sharma
Forestry, Pant Nagar, India
Mr Belmond Tchoumba
Natural sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
Mr Stephen Teo
Botany, Kebangsaan, Malaysia
Mr Pelis Vatnabar
Forestry science, University of Technology, PNG
Mr Ben Vickers
Forest management, Aberdeen
Page 19
RESEARCH SUPPORT, LIBRARY AND INFORMATION

SERVICES
by a team of historians and scientists, assembled by
Herbarium and Xylarium Professor Martin Biddle (Professor of Medieval
Archaeology at Oxford and Astor Senior Research Fellow
Academic staff: Dr S.A. Harris and Tutor in Archaeology at Hertford College). Ian
Technical staff: Mr I.D. Gourlay assisted Professor A.C. Barefoot (then head of Wood &
Miss S.K. Marner Paper Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
Mrs A.M. Strugnell North Carolina) in the dendrochronological
investigations, sampling and measuring rings on over 30
of the oak boards composing the surface of the table (5.2
A herbaria and xylarium website is now available via the
m diameter, 1270 kg in weight). The data from these
OFI website. This site contains basic information about
measurements was subsequently smoothed and fitted to
the collections and details of the lichen and xylarium
master curves in order to arrive at suggested dates.
collections. Curation of FHO has continued to be a major
From these dendrochronology results and those of other
task. Parts of FHO were curated as material was returned
researchers, Professor Biddle concluded that the table was
to Oxford following taxonomic revision, including
probably made as a centrepiece of a feast held at
Premna (Verbenaceae), Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) and
Winchester in 1290 after a tournament to mark the
Toona (Meliaceae), or when parts had been used by
culmination of Edward I's plans for the dynastic
visitors, including Acacia, Afzelia, Brachystegia and
marriages of his children.
Millettia (Leguminosae), Irvingiaceae, Cola
(Sterculiaceae), Capparaceae and genera in the
Rubiaceae. These curation exercises have meant that
space within FHO is becoming critical. Work on the CABI-OFI Forestry Information
curation of the spirit and carpological collections is now Service
complete. All of the carpological material has now been
databased in Microsoft Access and incorporated into the Head, Library & Information Service: Mr R.A. Mills
collection. The collection comprises nearly 4000 Special Collections Librarian/Archivist: Mrs A.M. Townsend
accessions, primarily Meliaceae and Leguminosae. Reader Services Librarian: Mrs J.B.D. Pinfold
Trainee Librarian: Miss F.E. Hall (to
Brachystegia accessions have been curated which means
31.08.00)
that for the first time in nearly 70 years the collections are
easily accessible.
2000 proved a landmark year for the Forestry Information
Between October 1999 and September 2000, 130 Service and the Plant Sciences Library which operates it.
researchers visited the collections. These included Several years of anxiety over its future came to an end in
Professor Mark Seaward (Bradford University) and July when the Universitys Council accepted the
Professor Teuvo Ahti (University of Helsinki) spent one recommendation of the Forestry Review Panel that the
week (in February) working on the lichen collections. Dr Library and Information Service should be transferred to
Hazel Chapman (University of Canterbury, New Zealand) the newly-formed Oxford University Library Services
spent one month working on the Nigerian forest flora and (OULS) under the management of the Director of
Dr Karel Jongkind (WAG) spent one week working on University Library Services, Mr Reg Carr. OULS, which
the West African forest flora. Individual visitors were has been some four years in planning, formally came into
interested in Neotropical Ebenaceae and woody legumes, existence on 1 October 2000 and integrates most of the
African woody legumes, African ferns and medicinal Universitys libraries into a single management structure.
plants, Aglaia and Toona (Meliaceae), Malus (Rosaceae) Although no longer run by the Department of Plant
and the identification of Egyptian tomb remains. Sciences, the Library remains located within the
Department, as it always has been, and all materials
Ian Gourlay continues to be involved in the examination remain accessible to anyone with a serious interest in
of wood from local archaeological digs (c. 15,0000 old) forestry or plant sciences.
in collaboration with Dr Kate Scott (Pitt Rivers Museum,
Oxford) and provided crucial wood identifications for the The Library and Information Service will now be
authentication of some Chippendale chairs. On 22 developed in co-ordination with other libraries in Oxford
November 2000, Ian attended the long awaited and, in recognition of the significant national and
publication on King Arthur's Round Table in the Great international role of the collections, with related libraries
Hall of Winchester Castle. In the late 70's, the table was and information services in the UK and the rest of the
taken down from the wall in the Great Hall and examined world. The long-standing association with CAB
Page 20
Annual Report 2000
International continues and opportunities for developing funded Internet gateway for the Life Sciences, BIOME,
new services within the context of the emerging Global which was launched in November 2000. BIOME offers
Forest Information Service are now under discussion. five sub-gateways providing evaluated, quality Internet
resources in all areas of the health and life sciences. The
Contact details for the Library and Information Service Library co-ordinates the AgriFor gateway covering
from 1 November 2000 are as follows: agriculture, forestry and food, and contributes resources
in forestry to that and in botany to the Natural World
Postal address: gateway led by the Natural History Museum in London.
Plant Sciences Library In December 2000, the Finnish Forest Research Institute,
and Oxford Forest Information Service METLA, became a Trusted Information Provider for
Oxford University Library Services BIOME, and will contribute forestry resources to BIOME
South Parks Road instead of the Virtual Library for Forestry (VLF) hitherto
OXFORD OX1 3RB managed there; the VLF will gradually be incorporated
into BIOME. A new sub-gateway specifically for forestry
Enquiries: will be developed as part of BIOME and will also be
tel: +44 1865 275082 or 275087; incorporated in GFIS, thus tying the two projects
e-mail: [email protected] together.
Roger Mills (Librarian and Information Service
Manager): At an international meeting of agricultural subject
tel: +44 1865 275080, gateway providers in Washington in the Spring,
e-mail: [email protected] opportunities for international collaboration were
fax: +44 1865 275095 explored and the practicalities of cross-searching different
web site: http://www.plantlib.ox.ac.uk gateways in different countries considered. A
consultancy report, commissioned by the Australian
The old @plants e-mail addresses will continue to work gateway AgriGate, on the options available was
until 31 July 2001. completed in October and is now under consideration. A
further meeting at FAO in June, the first Consultation on
The Global Module of the CABI Forestry Compendium Agricultural Information Management (COAIM) also
on CD-ROM was published to great acclaim in the supported international collaboration and a follow-up
summer, launching at the IUFRO Congress in Kuala technical meeting in Brussels produced a draft set of
Lumpur where it rapidly sold out. Priced at $100 to specific recommendations for a core set of metadata for
individuals or $600 to institutions, with institutions in agricultural documentation, with reference to existing
developing countries entitled to purchase at the individual metadata standards (such as Dublin Core and RDF),
rate, it seems assured of continuing popularity, and is classification schemes (such as those adopted in
already heavily used in the Library. AGRIS/CARIS and CABICODES), and controlled
vocabularies/thesauri (such as AGROVOC and the CAB
Tree CABWeb was further developed during the year and Thesaurus). Interaction with the GFIS Task Force has
now offers subscribers on-line access to the past ten years resulted in a proposal for joint development with FAO,
of Forestry Abstracts, Forest Products Abstracts and the CABI and others of metadata standards for forestry,
full 12-year archive of Agroforestry Abstracts. The latter which will be pursued in 2001.
journal is now only available in electronic form, setting
what will no doubt be an increasing trend as our reliance As part of the development of IUFRO subject group
on the computer for information retrieval becomes ever S6.03, Information Services and Knowledge
greater. CABIs forestry book publishing programme Organization, it has been agreed to set up a European
expanded with a number of new titles, including the first network, FORELISE: Forestry Libraries and Information
five volumes in the major new IUFRO Research Series. Services in Europe. As a first step, a new electronic
discussion list will go live in January 2001; joining details
The Global Forest Information Service, initiated as a are available from: [email protected].
IUFRO Task Force during Professor Burleys Presidency
of IUFRO, was also successfully launched in Kuala Finally, as the year ended a bid was prepared for
Lumpur, and its first funded project, GFIS-Africa, is now submission to the British Librarys Co-operation and
under way with nodes based at five institutions across the Partnership Programme to set up a web-based Clearing
sub-continent. Further details of GFIS are available on House for Information in Plant Sciences (CHIPS). This
(http://iufro.boku.ac.at/iufro/taskforce/hptfgfis.htm). The project, if approved, will be led by the Plant Sciences
Library is an active partner in the Task Force developing Library in collaboration with the British Library, the
the Service, which is expected to go live during 2001. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Imperial College
London, the Natural History Museum, Royal Botanic
Garden Edinburgh and the Royal Horticultural Society. It
It is also a partner in the new UK Higher Education- aims to improve access to information in plant sciences,
Page 21
agriculture and forestry, providing a common gateway to

library catalogues, document delivery services, full-text BRAHMS: Taxonomic Information
documents and an on-line reference service, and leading System
to a national, and possibly European, collection
development policy for the subject. Project Manager: Mr D.L. Filer
For further details of the Forestry Information Service
see: (http://www.plantlib.ox.ac.uk). BRAHMS (Botanical Research And Herbarium
Management System)
INSPIRE: Species Information Brahms project news 2000

Database Outside the UK, Brahms herbarium database projects are
now active in Europe (Baltic States, Germany,
Support staff: Mrs J.P. Smith Netherlands, Portugal); Africa (Benin, Cameroon, Gabon,
Ghana, Kenya); Asia (Bangladesh, Malaya, Sabah,
Sarawak, Singapore); and South and Central America
INSPIRE (INteractive SPecies Information
(Brazil, Honduras, Panama, Puerto Rico). Each of these
REtrieval) sites and the larger number of individual research
databases will be upgraded to Brahms 5 early 2001. In
INSPIRE is a computer-based storage and retrieval
Amaznian Brazil (IAN, INPA, MG), Malaysia (KEP,
system for the characteristics, preferences and known
SAN, SAR) and the Netherlands (L, WG, U), regional
potential of tree species. The programme was developed
networks are in the pipeline.
to assist foresters in choosing species suitable for tropical
and sub-tropical plantations. It comprises information on
System development
species under 21 headings which fall into the following
categories:-
Brahms 5, built using Visual FoxPro, is entering the final
stages of development. Some modules are already in use
Climate preferences;
and the full system will be phased in early 2001.
Soil preferences;
Silviculture;
Version 5 is very different to the previous incarnations of
Production potential;
Brahms, as one may expect from a DOS to Windows
Protection planting;
translation. The system has an entirely new interface with
Timber density; and
new menus and messaging, toolbars, reporting options,
Utilization.
printer links and network capabilities. Aside from the new
interface, there are substantial additions to its data storage
The INSPIRE package is available for any IBM-
capabilities and overall functionality.
compatible microcomputer. The OFI publication
Tropical Forestry Papers No.15 contains further
The Brahms 5 for Beginners tutorial guide will be
information not included in the computer system and
available on (www.brahmsonline.com) in February 2001.
serves as a reference manual. It incorporates data on
taxonomy, natural occurrence, timber features, nursery
Oxford
requirements and principal pests and diseases, and also
includes references for each species. This publication is
The entry of the FHO collections continued and two
now out of print but is available in photocopied form
substantial database projects leading to publication were
from the OFI library.
approaching completion: a revision of Javanese
Strobilanthes by Jonathan Bennett (http://
OFI staff assisted CABI staff in preparing bids for
users.ox.ac.uk/~dops0152) and the Checklist of Mount
financial support for the CD-ROM compendium on over
Mulanje, Malawi, being prepared by Alison Strugnell.
650 species that subsumed and updated INSPIRE.
Towards the end of the year, Colin Hughes made a start
Several staff contributed items on selected species for the
on his revision of Lupinus starting with the import of
compendium.
names downloaded from the IPNI web site
(http://www.ipni.org) into a Brahms 5 RDE taxon file.
Page 22
Annual Report 2000
Brazil - Amaznia ITTO course, Kuching, Sarawak
Four herbaria in the Amazonian region of Brazil are now In November 2000, a training course for 22 curators and
using Brahms. These are EMBRAPA Amaznia Oriental botanists from Malaysia and Indonesia was held in
(IAN) and the Museu Goeldi (MG) herbaria in Belm, Kuching, Sarawak. The course was funded by the
Par, the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO). One
(INPA) in Manaus, Amazonas, and the HAMAB of the course objectives was to help to standardize
herbarium in Macap, Amap. Together, these herbaria databasing procedures in the three major Malaysian
house over 600,000 collections. Coordinated by Regina herbaria.
Martins da Silva, Ricardo Secco and Rosngela Sarquis,
with funding support from UK DFID and the Netherlands bibliographic module
Superintendncia do Desenvolvimento da Amaznia
(SUDAM), over 100,000 collections have already been The recently established National Herbarium of the
databased at the IAN, MG and HAMAB, covering 48 Netherlands (NHN) with its Leiden, Wageningen and
families, mostly Angiosperms. At INPA, where some Utrecht branches, is working towards the creation of a
30,000 collections have been already entered, Rogrio unified NHN collections database, co-ordinated by Luc
Gribel and Cid Ferreira are organising a Brahms course Willemse at Leiden. An additional contribution made
to be held at INPA early in 2001. A proposal to expand through the library at Leiden has been to support the
the database work across the region is now being development of the new Brahms 5 Bibliography module.
prepared. This has now been largely completed and provides the
system with a comprehensive literature storage facility.
Puerto Rico
Portugal legumes of Angola
The University of Puerto Rico and the US Fish and
Wildlife Service are funding herbarium database The herbaria of Portugal hold a large number of
development, co-ordinated by Jeanine Vlez-Gaviln. specimens collected in Angola. Most of this material is
She has also largely completed the translation of the unique and many of the collections are types. Although
Brahms web site into Spanish. The MAPR database is many duplicates of these specimens exist in Angolan
rapidly developing into a valuable source of species and herbaria, many determinations are in need of updating, a
collections data for the island. task that requires access to recent literature, mostly
unavailable in Angola. The project Leguminosae of
Malaysia and Singapore Angola, co-ordinated by Estrela Figueiredo at LISC, is
assembling data from all the collections of Leguminosae
The Malay peninsula together with Sabah and Sarawak to kept in two Portuguese herbaria COI (University of
the East, is one of the worlds biodiverse regions with Coimbra) and LISC (Centro de Botnica) using Brahms.
perhaps 15,000 species of vascular plants alone. Three Through this project, it will be possible to make these
main herbaria, Kepong in Malaya, Sandakan in Sabah data available to the Angolan herbaria - and also to the
and Kuching in Sarawak house some 600,000 collections scientific community worldwide, in the form of a Brahms
in all. The herbarium of the Singapore Botanical Garden database, checklists and publications.
houses a further 650,000 specimens.
The database work now underway at each of these

herbaria started at the Kepong herbarium (KEP), part of
PROSPECT: The Wood Database
the Forestry Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM). This
work was started by the current KEP curator Saw Leng Support staff: Mrs J.P. Smith
Guan.
PROSPECT (Programmed Retrieval Of Species
The KEP herbarium began in early 1900s and has since by the Property and End-use Classification of
grown to be the largest on the Malay peninsula
their Timbers)
(excluding Singapore) with some 200,000 collections of
which over 500 are types.
PROSPECT is a computer database designed to provide
information on timber species from all areas of the world
Brahms operates on a local network linking the herbarium
computers. Two technical staff have been specifically which has been developed at the Oxford Forestry Institute
hired for data entry - which has now reached over over the past 18 years.
100,000 collections.
For each species the database records taxonomic and
Last year, a FRIM fellowship grant was awarded to the distribution details, as well as data on 92 timber
Brahms project to support training visits and database properties and 175 end uses, originating from over 1,800
development at Kepong. published sources. For each property or end use, up to 20
different sources may be quoted, ensuring any variation in
Page 23
opinion is reflected on screen - essential when dealing Database of Weeds and Invasive
with a naturally variable material, where the variation
within can be as great as that between species. The Plant Species
majority of data items are linked to their reference
sources throughout. Coordinator: Dr P.S. Bacon
Consultant: Mr N. Waltham
For most of the 1,552 species recorded, a scanned wood
surface image is displayed and more than 28,000
During the year there have been several enquiries each
common and trade names are included to aid species
month about the database arising largely through
identification.
published articles on the project and from hits on the
project web site (http://w3.to/weeds/). Outside of the UK
PROSPECT has a simple interface using toolbars, check
copies have been distributed to Canada, Denmark,
boxes and pull-down menus. A number of methods are
Germany, Iran and the USA. During the year a second
provided to search for data based on geographical
version has been compiled in Visual Objects and the
distribution, taxonomy, wood properties, end-uses and
programming consultant to the project visited the UK to
references. More complex searches using multiple
discuss future developments. The second version will be
properties can be used to evaluate and identify potentially
distributed on CD-ROM to existing subscribers and
useful species, optionally related to a specific product, or
funding is being sought to develop an on-line version
conversely, to evaluate potential end-uses for a particular
entitled the Invasive Plant Species Information System
species. Direct comparisons may also be made between
(IPSIS) that will have a capability for assimilating
specific properties of any two species.
distributional data for research purposes.
PROSPECT represents a significant advance in
authoritative data provision and evaluation, encouraging
the efficient and sustainable utilization of the world's
timber resource. The latest version of PROSPECT
(version 2.1 for Windows) is now available to purchase
on CD-ROM. Further information can be obtained from
the OFI and is also accessible at our Web site at:
(http://www.plants.ox.ac.uk/ofi) or by e-mail at: (prospect
@plants.ox.ac.uk.).
Page 24
Annual Report 2000
EXTERNAL ACTIVITIES - INSTITUTIONAL
full proposal. Information on the workshop and on the

DFID Enabling Agreement project is available at:
(http://users.ox.ac.uk/~pbacon/nairobi).
Coordinator: Mrs S.M. Hardaker
For the past twelve months contractual arrangements have Tropical Forest Resource Group
been in place in the form of an Enabling Agreement
whereby OFI undertook to supply professional services
Chairman: Professor J. Burley
overseas as and when required by DFID. This year the
Secretary: Dr P.S. Bacon
area of most action was Brazil: namely on the bilateral
Assistant: Ms N. Baker
Dendrogene Project - Genetic Conservation within
Managed Forests in Amazonia - through which Denis
Filer (database consultant) and Dr David Boshier (forest Community Forestry Education Project in South
conservationist) visited to assist and advise. Denis Filer Africa
also visited Brazil on the G-7 Pilot Programme for the
Conservation of the Brazilian Rain Forests to set up an Training courses in conflict management and
integrated database at the Goeldi Museum, Belem. communities in plantation forestry were conducted during
the year and teaching support for Fort Cox and for
Professor Burley continued to be given support through Stellenbosch was funded by the project. An external
funds from this agreement in his role as President of the review of the project was conducted by DFID with inputs
International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, from the TFRG representative from Cranfield University,
until his presidency finished at the end of 2000. Silsoe College.
The DFID Enabling agreement terminated during Other
November 2000 and has not been renewed. Any
subsequent undertakings by OFI consultants will be in the The secretariat continued to operate from OFI for the
form of individual service agreements as requested sixth year and on behalf of the consortium continued to
through the DFID Contract Office in East Kilbride. pursue a range of project opportunities for the group.
The secretariat successfully completed the
implementation of a 4th year of the course Current
Methods in Tropical Forestry (qv) on the basis of
British Council Higher Education significant international client demand. There have been
Link Scheme several enquiries regarding membership of the group with
one new member being admitted during the year and
Coordinator: Dr P.S. Bacon formal applications made by two other possible member
Consultants: Dr P.A. Huxley , Ms V. Smith, organizations.
Dr R. Mathews, Dr S. Christophe,
Dr J. Chamberlain
Link Project with University of Nairobi
A workshop was held in Kakamega near Lake Victoria to

formulate a research proposal targeted at the alleviation
of poverty in the region and six UK-based consultants
were funded under the Link agreement to attend the
workshop. Funding was secured to support the
attendance of participants from within Kenya and from
adjacent countries. The outcome of these efforts was the
preparation of a clear statement of research objectives
which was formulated into a pre-proposal for
consideration by the European Union. During the second
half of the year the consultant to the project returned to
Kenya to assimilate the required information to submit a
Page 25
STAFF PUBLICATIONS
Barnes, R.D. (2000). The African acacias: a thorny Burley, J. (2000). Report on IUFRO Presidents panel
subject. Keynote address in Forest genetics for the next discussion: International research policy - forestry
millennium. Proceedings of IUFRO Working Party and wood industries. IUFRO 21st Quinquennial
2.08.01, Durban, South Africa, 8-13 October 2000, 9-15. Congress, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, August 2000.
International Forestry Review 2 (4): 306-307.
Boshier, D.H. (2000). Mating systems. In Forest
conservation genetics: principles and practice (edited by Evans, T. (2000). The rediscovery of Calamus
Young, A.; Boshier, D.H.; Boyle, T.J..). CSIRO, harmandii, a rattan endemic to southern Laos. Palms
Melbourne, Australia; CABI, Wallingford, UK. 63-79. 44 (1) 29-33.
Boshier, D.H.; Young, A. (2000). Limitations and Evans, T. (2000). The status of the rattan sectors in
future directions. In Forest conservation genetics: Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, Viet Nam and
principles and practice (edited by Young, A.; Boshier, Cambodia - with an emphasis on cane supply. FAO
D.H.; Boyle, T.J.). CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia; CABI, Expert Consultation on Rattan Development, Rome, 5-7
Wallingford, UK. 289-297. December 2000.
Boshier, D.H.; Billingham, M.R. (2000). Genetic Jennings, S.B.; Brown, N.D.; Whitmore, T.C.; Silva,
variation and adaptation in tree populations: issues of J.N.M.; Lopes, J. do C. A.; Baima, A.M.V. (2000). To
scale and experimentation. In The Ecological conserve rainforest, we have to help local people live
Consequences of Environmental Heterogeneity (edited by sustainably. Nature 405: 507.
Hutchings, M.J.; John, E.A.; Stewart, A.J.A.). Blackwell
Science, UK, 267-291. Malheiros de Oliveira, Y.M.; Dawson, T.P.; Packer,
M.J.; Burley, J. (2000). Evaluating Landsat TM
Brown, N.D.; Jennings, N.D.; Wheeler, P.; Nabe-Nielsen, imagery for estimating forest structural variables in
J. (2000). An improved method for the rapid Brazil. In: P. Fisher and J. Wellens (Eds.). Adding
assessment of forest understorey light environments. value to remote sensing. Remote Sensing Society,
Journal of Applied Ecology 37 (6) 1044-1053. Nottingham, UK, CD-ROM ISBN 0 946226 30 X
Burley, J. (2000). Forest genetics for sustainable Robinson, J.; Harris, S. A. (2000). Amplified fragment
forest management. Keynote address in Proceedings of length polymorphisms and microsatellites: a
BIO-REFOR 8th International Workshop, Kathmandu, phylogenetic perspective. Chapter 12 in Which DNA
Nepal, 28 November - 2 December 1999. Published by Marker for Which Purpose? (edited by Gillet, E.M.).
BIO-REFOR, IUFRO/SPDC, ISBN No. 4-9900433-3-2, e-book: (http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/ebook/y/1999/
pp 1-5. whichmarker/index.htm).
Burley, J. (2000). Conservation of forest genetic Robinson, J.; Harris, S. A. (2000). A chloroplast DNA
resources for sustainable forest management. Keynote phylogeny of the genus Acacia Miller (Acacieae,
address at ICAR/NAAS international conference on Leguminosae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 132, 195-222.
Managing natural resources for sustainable agricultural
production in the 21st century, New Delhi, India, 14-18 Rust, S.; Savill, P.S. (2000). The root systems of
February 2000. (To be published in proceedings.) Fraxinus excelsior and Fagus sylvatica and their
competitive relationships. Forestry 73 (5) 501-510.
Burley, J. (2000). Man and forests. Foreword and
keynote address in: Man and forests. Proceedings of Savill, P.S. (2000). Silvicultural challenges in Great
conference in honour of Professor P K Khosla. (Edited Britain. In The sustainable development of forests:
by: Kohli, R.K., Singh, H.P., Vij, S.P, Dhir, K.K., Batish, aspirations and the reality. Naturzale 15, 45-50. ISBN
D.R., and Khurana, D.K.) DNAES, IUFRO, ISTS, 84-8419-994-0, ISSN 1137-8603.
Botany Department and CVS Panjab University,
Chandigarh. Nirmal Vijay Printers, India, 551pp. Sheil, D.; Jennings, S.; Savill, P. (2000). Long-term
permanent plot observations of vegetation dynamics
in Budongo, a Ugandan rain forest. Journal of
Tropical Ecology 16, 765-800.
Stewart, J. L.; Dunsdon, A. J. (2000). The potential of
Page 26
Annual Report 2000
some neotropical Albizia species and close relatives as White, G.M.; Boshier, D.H. (2000). Fragmentation in
fodder resources. Agroforestry Systems 49: 17-30. Central American dry forests - genetic impacts on
Swietenia humilis. In Genetics, demography and the
Stewart, J. L.; Mould, F; Mueller-Harvey, I. (2000). The viability of fragmented populations (edited by Young, A.
effect of drying treatment on the fodder quality and G.; Clarke, G.). Cambridge University Press,
tannin content of two provenances of Calliandra Cambridge, UK, 293-311.
calothyrsus Meissner. Journal of the Science of Food
and Agriculture 80: 1461-1468. Williams, C.G.; Elsik, C.G.;Barnes, R.D. (2000).
Microsatellite analysis of Pinus taeda L. in Zimbabwe.
Stewart, P.J. (2000). Eddies in the flow: towards a Heredity 81, 261-268.
universal ecology. Chapter 18 in: Where Next?
Reflections on the human future (edited by Duncan Young, A.; Boshier, D.H.; Boyle, T.J. (Eds.) (2000).
Poore). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Forest conservation genetics: principles and practice.
CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia; CABI, Wallingford, UK.
350 pp.
Page 27
OFI PUBLICATIONS CATALOGUE
O.F.I. OCCASIONAL PAPERS

[Issues 1-29 published as C.F.I. OCCASIONAL PAPERS]
ISSN 0141-8181
OP1. A long-term surveillance system for British woodland vegetation, by H.C. Dawkins and D.R.B. Field. 1978. ISBN 0
85074 038 X 7.50 [students 3.75]
OP2. Site index curves for Gmelina arborea Roxb., by A. Greaves. 1978. ISBN 0 85074 043 6 Very limited stocks 2.50
[students 1.25]
OP3. A regional volume table for Gmelina arborea Roxb., by A. Greaves. 1978. ISBN 0 85074 044 4 Very limited stocks
3.00 [students 1.50]
OP4. Some wood properties of Pinus patula (Schiede and Deppe) from Uganda and techniques developed in studying them,
by R.A. Plumptre. 1978. ISBN 0 85074 032 0 Very limited stocks 5.50 [students 2.75]
OP5. Wood density variation in plantation-grown Pinus patula from the Viphya plateau, Malawi, by P.G. Adlard, C.
Goodwin-Bailey and S. Austin. 1979. ISBN 0 85074 045 2 3.00 [students 1.50]
OP6. Pulp and wood densitometric properties of Pinus caribaea from Fiji, by J. Burley and E.R. Palmer. 1979. ISBN 0
85074 046 0 5.50 [students 2.75]
OP7. Stand density and stem taper in Pinus patula Schiede and Deppe, by P.G. Adlard and K.F. Richardson. 1979. ISBN
0 85074 047 9 Very limited stocks 2.50 [students 1.25]
OP8. Growing stock levels and productivity conclusions from thinning and spacing trials in young Pinus patula stands in
Southern Tanzania, by P.G. Adlard. 1980. ISBN 0 85074 048 7 Microfilm only 3.00 [students 1.50]
OP9. Pericopsis elata (Afrormosia), by P. Howland. 1979. ISBN 0 85074 049 5 Limited stocks 3.00 [students 1.50]
OP10. Tropical rain forest silviculture: a research project report, by T.J. Synnott. 1980. ISBN 0 85074 050 9 Microfilm only
OP11. An annotated bibliography of Gilpinia hercyniae (Hartig), European spruce sawfly, by P.H.W. Adams and P.F.
Entwistle. 1981. ISBN 0 85074 051 7 4.00 [students 2.00]
OP12. Review of Pinus patula Mor. and P. oocarpa Schiede international provenance trials, by A. Greaves. 1980. ISBN
0 85074 052 5 Microfilm only 6.50 [students 3.25]
OP13. A second look at Agathis, by M.R. Bowen and T.C. Whitmore. 1980. ISBN 0 85074 053 3 Microfilm only 3.00
[students 1.50]
OP14. Growth and growing space, by P.G. Adlard & J.P. Smith. 1981. ISBN 0 85074 054 1 Microfilm only 4.50 [students
2.25]
OP15. Vegetative propagation of trees in the 1980's, by K.A. Longman. 1980. ISBN 0 85074 055 X Microfilm only 3.50
[students 1.75]
OP16. Problems and opportunities in tropical rain-forest management, by P.E. Neil. 1981. ISBN 0 85074 060 6 Microfilm
only 11.00 [students 5.50]
OP17. Fire control in tropical pine forests, by A. Wolffsohn. 1981. ISBN 0 85074 056 8 Microfilm only 7.00 [students
3.50]
Page 28
Annual Report 2000
OP18. The adoption of agricultural practices for the development of heritable resistance to pests and pathogens in forest
crops, by I.A.S. Gibson, J. Burley and M.R. Speight. 1980. ISBN 0 85074 057 6 Limited stocks 3.50 [students 1.75]
OP19. An economic analysis of silvicultural options for broadleaved woodlands. 1982. Volume I, by S.N. Pryor. ISBN 0
85074 041 X 8.50 [students 4.25] Volume II, by R. Lorraine-Smith. ISBN 0 85074 042 8 8.50 [students 4.25]
OP20. Planning, performance and evaluation of growth and yield studies : proceedings of the meeting of IUFRO Subject
Group S4.01, Oxford, September 1979, edited by H.L Wright. 1983. ISBN 0 85074 062 2 Microfilm only 11.00 [students
5.50]
OP21. HP67 and HP97 calculator programs for elementary statistical calculations (also compatible with the HP41-C), by
T.J. Wormald. 1982. ISBN 0 85074 037 1 Very limited stocks 8.00 [students 4.00]
Set of magnetic cards for above, available to special order 36.00 [students 18.00]
OP22. A method of selecting agricultural land from production and conversion forests in Indonesia, by M.S. Ross. 1983.
ISBN 0 85074 063 0 6.50 [students 3.25]
OP23. Firewood versus alternatives: domestic fuel in Mexico, by Margaret I. Evans. 1984. ISBN 0 85074 071 7 Limited
stocks 6.00 [students 3.00]
OP24. Ash dieback survey, by R.G. Pawsey. 1983. ISBN 0 85074 072 X Very limited stocks 6.00 [students 3.00]
OP25. First observations of ecological surveillance plots on afforested open-cast spoil in South Wales, by H.C. Dawkins
with R.L. Hockin and J.D. Power. 1985. ISBN 0 85074 082 7 5.50 [students 2.75]
OP26. A versatile, low-cost drying kiln for opening pine cones, by A.M.J. Robbins. 1985. ISBN 0 85074 083 5 Limited
stocks 5.50 [students 2.75]
OP27. A checklist of the flora of Budongo forest reserve, Uganda, with notes on ecology and phenology, by T.J. Synnott.
1985. ISBN 0 85074 085 1 7.00 [students 3.50]
OP28. International working group on determination of age and growth rates in tropical trees; address list and subject
categories, by J. Burley. 1985. ISBN 0 85074 087 8 Limited stocks 4.00 [students 2.00]
OP29. Strategy and course curriculum for professional forestry eduction in India, by V.C. Patil and J. Burley. 1985. ISBN
0 85074 088 6 4.00 [students 2.00]
OP30. A forest management study in the broadleaf middle-hill forest of Nepal, by Ian S. Thompson. 1986. ISBN 0 85074
089 4 Limited stocks 5.50 [students 2.75]
OP31. Intra-tree variations of strength properties in plantation grown teak (Tectona grandis L F) and techniques for their
systematic sampling, by S.K. Sanwo. 1986. ISBN 0 85074 092 4 4.50 [students 2.25]
OP32. Silvicultural systems for broadleaved woodland in Britain, by S.N. Pryor and P.S. Savill. 1986. ISBN 0 85074 093
2 4.50 [students 2.25]
OP33. Biomass and volume tables for Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia auriculiformis and Cassia
siamea in the central Bhabar-Terai of Nepal, by Thomas Hawkins. 1987. ISBN 0 85074 096 7 Microfilm only 4.50
[students 2.25]
OP34. National Hardwoods Programme. Report of the seventh meeting, 8 January 1987, edited by P.S. Savill. 1987. ISBN
0 85074 100 9 5.00 [students 2.50]
OP35. The relative economics of woodland management systems, by K.J. Crockford, M.J. Spilsbury and P.S. Savill. 1987.
ISBN 0 85074 101 7 5.50 [students 2.75]
Computer program on diskette for above, available to special order 10.00 [no discount]
OP36. A survey of tree planting in Somalia, 1925-1985, by M. Roderick Bowen. 1988. ISBN 0 85074 106 8 4.50 [students
2.25]
Page 29
OP37. National Hardwoods Programme. Report of the eighth meeting, and second meeting of the Uneven-Aged Silviculture
Group, 7 January 1988, edited by P.S. Savill. 1988. ISBN 0 85074 107 6 6.50 [students 3.25]
OP38. British Association for the Advancement of Science 150th Annual Meeting, Oxford 5-9 September 1988: papers for
Section K, Agriculture and Forestry, edited by P.S. Savill. 1988. ISBN 0 85074 108 4 6.00 [students 3.00]
OP39. Ecological effects of forestry practices in long-established woodland and their implications for nature conservation,
by P.L. Mitchell and K.J. Kirby. 1989. ISBN 0 85074 112 2 11.50 [students 5.75]
OP40. Tree cultivation on private land in Nepal's Middle Hills: an investigation into local knowledge and local needs, by
E.J. Carter. 1992. ISBN 0 85074 121 1 5.00 [students 2.50]
OP41. Report of the 9th Meeting of the National Hardwoods Programme, 2nd October 1991, at the Oxford Forestry Institute,
edited by P.S. Savill. 1992. ISBN 0 85074 120 3 5.00 [students 2.50]
OP42. Problems of public forestry and the socio-economic implications of privatisation, by W.J. Hurditch. 1992. ISBN 0
85074 123 8 6.00 [students 3.00]
OP43. Local management of trees and woodland resources in Zimbabwe: a tenurial niche approach, by L. Fortmann and
C. Nihra. 1992. ISBN 0 85074 127 0 4.50 [students 2.25]
OP44. Use of hemispherical photographs in forest ecology, by P.L. Mitchell and T.C. Whitmore. 1993. ISBN 0 85074 128
9 4.50 [students 2.25]
OP45. Utilization of Pinus Patula: an annotated bibliography, by J.A. Wright. 1994. ISBN 0 85074 130 0 6.00 [students
3.00]
OP46. Pulping and papermaking properties of three tropical pines from provenance trials, by E.R. Palmer, R.A. Plumptre,
M.S. O'Brian, T.K. Quilter and J. Slater. 1995 ISBN0 85074 132 7 5.00 [students 2.50]
OP47. Structure and growth of small enterprises in the forest sector in southern and eastern Africa, by J.E.M. Arnold, C.
Liedholm, D. Mead and I.M. Townson. 1994. ISBN 0 85074 131 9 4.50 [students 2.25]
OP48. Effect of spacing on wood density of Pinus patula and Cupressus lusitanica, by E.R. Palmer, R.A. Plumptre, R.E.
Malimbwi, I.D. Gourlay, T.K. Quilter, J. Slater. 1995. ISBN 0 85074 133 5 4.00 [students 2.00]
OP49. The natural management of tropical forests for timber and non-timber products, by Sarah Laird. 1995. ISBN 0 85074
136 X 5.50 [students 2.25]
OP50. COSSI, a cohort simulation model of forest growth and yield in the Solomon Islands, by D.F.R.P. Burslem, D. Alder
and T.C. Whitmore. 1996. ISBN 0 85074 140 8 5.50 [students 2.25]
OP51. The use of geographical information systems and image processing techniques for the analysis of aerial photographs
and vegetation survey data in African dry-woodland research, by R.A. Mather and J.S.M. Moss. 1998. ISBN 085074 150
5 6.00 [students 3.00]
OP52. Proceedings of a workshop on humid and semi-humid tropical forest yield regulation with minimal data, by H.L.
Wright and D. Alder. 2000. ISBN 085074 152 1 8.00 [students 4.00]
TROPICAL FORESTRY PAPERS

[Issues 1-6 published as Fast Growing Timber Trees of the Lowland Tropics]
ISSN 0141-9668
TFP1. Gmelina arborea, by A.F.A. Lamb. 1968. Reprinted 1973. ISBN 0 85074 011 8 Microfilm only 4.00 [students
2.00]
TFP2. Cedrela odorata, by A.F.A. Lamb. 1968. ISBN 0 85074 012 6 Microfilm only 4.50 [students 2.25]
Page 30
Annual Report 2000
TFP3. The Araucarias, by O.O. Ntima. 1968. ISBN 0 85074 002 9 Microfilm only 9.00 [students 4.50]
TFP4. Pinus merkusii, by E.N.G. Cooling. 1968. ISBN 0 85074 004 5 Microfilm only 10.50 [students 5.25]
TFP5. Terminalia ivorensis, by A.F.A. Lamb and O.O. Ntima. 1971. ISBN 0 85074 010 X Microfilm only 6.00 [students
3.00]
TFP6. Pinus caribaea, Volume 1, by A.F.A. Lamb. 1973. Reprinted 1978. ISBN 0 85074 015 0 13.80 [students 6.90]
TFP7. Pinus patula, by T.J. Wormald. 1975. ISBN 0 85074 025 8 12.60 [students 6.30]
TFP8. An annotated bibliography of genetic variation in Eucalyptus camaldulensis, by K.G. Eldridge. 1975. ISBN 0 85074
023 1 5.00 [students 2.50]
TFP9. Pinus kesiya, by F.B. Armitage & J. Burley. 1980. ISBN 0 85074 030 4 Microfilm only 12.00 [students 6.00]
TFP10. A manual on species and provenance research with particular reference to the tropics, edited by J. Burley and P.J.
Wood. 1976. ISBN 0 85074 016 9 12.90 [students 6.45]
TFP10A. Special appendices to: A manual on species and provenance research with particular reference to the tropics, edited
by J. Burley and P.J. Wood. 1977. ISBN 0 85074 024 X 5.50 [students 2.75]
TFP10/10A. Spanish version Manual sobre investigaciones de especies y procedencias con referencia especial a los tropicos,
compilado por J. Burley y P.J. Wood. 1979. ISBN 0 85074 058 4 15.00 [students 7.50]
TFP11. A first look at Agathis, by T.C. Whitmore. 1977. ISBN 0 85074 018 5 5.50 [students 2.75]
TFP12. Descriptions of seed sources and collections for provenances of Pinus caribaea, by A. Greaves. 1978. ISBN 0 85074
035 5 7.00 [students 3.50]
TFP13. Descriptions of seed sources and collections for provenances of Pinus oocarpa, by A. Greaves. 1979. ISBN 0 85074
029 0 9.50 [students 4.75]
TFP14. A manual of permanent plot procedures for tropical rain forests, by T.J. Synnott. 1979. ISBN 0 85074 031 2 5.50
[students 2.75] NB. TFP25 is an update of this paper.
TFP15. A guide to species selection for tropical and sub-tropical plantations, by D.B. Webb, P.J. Wood, J.P. Smith and G.S.
Henman. 2nd edition, revised. 1984. ISBN 0 85074 068 1 Microfilm only 19.50 [students 9.75] Computer program on
diskette for above, available to special order 20.00 [no discount]
TFP16. A philosophy of strategy for breeding tropical forest trees, by G. Namkoong, R.D. Barnes and J. Burley. 1980. ISBN
0 85074 034 7 5.50 [students 2.75]
TFP17. Pinus caribaea, volume 2. Wood properties, by R. A. Plumptre. 1984. ISBN 0 85074 066 5 10.00 [students 5.00]
TFP18. Provenance regions for Pinus caribaea Morelet and Pinus oocarpa Schiede within the Republic of Honduras, C.A.:
a preliminary delineation, by A.M.J. Robbins and C.E. Hughes. 1983. ISBN 0 85074 067 3 7.00 [students 3.50]
TFP19. Forestry research in eastern and southern Africa, by J. Burley, F.B. Armitage, R.D. Barnes, G.L. Gibson, P.D.
Hardcastle, L. Huguet, R.A. Plumptre, P.J. Wood. 1989. ISBN 0 85074 110 6 14.70 [students 7.35]
TFP20. A guide to the use of Mexican and Belizean timbers, by R. Echenique-Manrique and R.A. Plumptre. 1990. ISBN
0 85074 115 7 11.50 [students 5.75]
TFP21. Provenance variation in Pinus caribaea, P. oocarpa and P. patula ssp. tecunumanii, by J.S. Birks and R.D. Barnes.
1990. ISBN 0 85974 116 5 4.50 [students 2.25]
TFP22. Cordia alliodora: a promising tree for tropical agroforestry, by A. Greaves, P.S. McCarter. 1990. ISBN 0 85074
117 3 4.50 [students 2.25]
Page 31
TFP23. Procedures for monitoring tree growth and site change, by P.G. Adlard. 1990. ISBN 0 85074 118 1 12.30 [students
6.15] Computer program on diskette for above, available to special order 20.00 [no discount]
TFP24. Common property resource management in India, by J.E.M. Arnold and W.C. Stewart. 1991. ISBN 0 85074 119
X 5.50 [students 2.75]
TFP25. Permanent sample plot techniques for mixed tropical forest, by D. Alder, T.J. Synnott. 1992. ISBN 0 85074 122 X
TFP26. Woody biomasss estimation of Central American dry zone species, by J.L. Stewart, A.J. Dunsdon, J.J. Hellin and
C.E. Hughes. 1992. ISBN 0 85074 124 6 7.00 [students 3.50]
TFP27. Patterns of farmer tree growing in eastern Africa: a scocioeconomic analysis, by Katherine Warner. 1993. ISBN 0
85074 126 2 15.00 [students 7.50]
TFP28. "PROSPECT" for improved use of tropical timbers: a guide to the use of lesser known timbers, by J.P. Smith, R.A.
Plumptre, J.D. Brazier, V.T. Burclaff and C.E. Dorey. 1994 ISBN 0 85074 129 7 15.00 [students 7.50]
TFP29. Ecological profiles of Ghanaian forest trees, by W.D. Hawthorne. 1995. ISBN 0 85074 134 3 16.50 [students
8.25]
TFP30. Growth modelling for mixed tropical forests, by Denis Alder. ISBN 0 85074 135 1 13.50 [students 6.75]
TFP31. Forest products and household incomes: a review and annotated bibliography, by I.M. Townson. 1995. ISBN 0
85074 137 8 15.00 [students 7.50]
TFP32. Acacia karroo: monograph and annotated bibliography, by R.D. Barnes, D.L. Filer and S.J. Milton. 1996. ISBN 0
85074 138 6 10.00 [students 5.00]
TFP33. Gliricidia sepium: Genetic resources for farmers, edited by J.L. Stewart, G.E. Allison and A.J. Simons. 1996. ISBN
0 85074 139 4 12.50 [students 6.25]
TFP34. Silvics and wood properties of the common timber tree species on Kolombangara, by D.F.R.P. Burslem and T.C.
Whitmore. 1996. ISBN 0 85074 141 6 10.00 [students 5.00]
TFP35. Acacia erioloba: Monograph and annotated bibliography, by R.D. Barnes, C.W. Fagg and S.J. Milton. 1997. ISBN
0 85074 143 2 10.00 [students 5.00]
TFP36. Cordia alliodora: Genetics and tree improvement, edited by D.H. Boshier and A.T. Lamb. 1997. ISBN 0 85074 144
0 12.50 [students 6.25]
TFP36 [Spanish version]. Cordia alliodora: Genetica y mejoramiento de arboles, editado por D.H. Boshier y A.T. Lamb.
1997. ISBN 0 85074 147 0 12.50 [students 6.25]
TFP37. Leucaena: a genetic resources handbook, by Colin E. Hughes. 1998 ISBN 0 85074 145 9 20.00 [students 10.00]
TFP37 [Spanish version]. Leucaena: manual de recursos geneticos, por Colin E. Hughes. 1998. ISBN 0 85074 146 7
20.00 [students 10.00]
TFP38. Participatory inventory: a field manual written with special reference to Indonesia, by M.C. Stockdale and J.M.S.
Corbett. 1998. ISBN 0 85074 145 9 25.00 [students 12.50]
Page 32
Annual Report 2000
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
CP1. Selection and breeding to improve some tropical conifers, edited by J. Burley and D.G. Nikles. (Proc. IUFRO
Symposium, Florida, 1971). Volume 1, 1972. ISBN 0 85074 026 6 Microfilm only 19.50 [students 9.75]
CP2. Volume 2, 1973.ISBN 0 85074 027 4 Microfilm only 21.00 [students 10.50]
CP3. Tropical provenance and progeny research and international cooperation, edited by J. Burley and D.G. Nikles. (Proc.
Jt. IUFRO Mtg., Kenya). 1973. ISBN 0 85074 022 3 24.00 [students 12.00]
CP4. Progress and problems of genetic improvement of tropical forest trees, edited by D.G. Nikles, J. Burley and R.D.
Barnes. (Proc. Jt. IUFRO Workshop, Brisbane, 1977). 2 volumes, 1978. v1 ISBN 0 85074 019 3 19.50 [students 9.75]
v2 ISBN 0 85074 020 7 19.50 [students 9.75] set ISBN 0 85074 061 4 39.00 [students 19.50]
CP5. Provenance and genetic improvement strategeies in tropical forest trees, edited by R.D. Barnes and G.L. Gibson. (Proc.
Jt. IUFRO Work Conference, Zimbabwe). 1984. ISBN 0 85074 078 9 15.00 [students 7.50]
CP6. The future of the tropical rain forest: proceedings of an international conference held in St. Catherine's College,
Oxford, England, 27-28 June 1988, organized by Oxford Forestry Institute; edited by Melanie J. McDermott. 1988. ISBN
0 85074 109 2 Microfilm only 3.00 [students 1.50]
CP7. Breeding tropical trees: population structure and genetic improvement; strategies in cloning and seedling forestry.
Proceedings of a conference held in Pattaya, Thailand, 28 November - 3 December 1988, by IUFRO Working Parties
S2.02-08 Tropical species provenances and breeding and S2.02-09 Eucalypt provenaces and breeding; edited by G.L.
Gibson, A.R. Griffin and A.C. Matheson. 1989. ISBN 0 85074 113 0 20.00 [students 10.00]
CP8. Wise management of tropical forests: proceedings of the Oxford Conference on Tropical Forests 1992; edited by F.R.
Miller and K.L. Adam. 1992. ISBN 0 85074 125 4 15.00 [students 7.50]
CP9. Making forest policy work 1996: conference proceedings of the Oxford Summer Course Programme 1996; edited by
K.L. Harris. 1996. ISBN 0 85074 142 4 10.00 [students 5.00]
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS
M0. The evergreen forests of Malawi, by J.D. Chapman and F. White. 1970. ISBN 0 85074 008 8 Microfilm only 13.20
M1. The trial of exotic species in the semi-arid zone of Iran, by D.B. Webb. 1974. ISBN 0 85074 069 X Microfilm only
M2. Diseases of forest trees widely planted as exotics in the tropics and southern hemisphere, by I.A.S. Gibson. (Published
jointly with CAB). Part I. 1975. ISBN 0 85074 036 3 3.00 [students 1.50]
M3. Part II. 1978. ISBN 0 85074 028 2 7.00 [students 3.50]
M4. Guia y clave para seleccionar especies en ensayos forestales de regiones tropicales y subtropicales, por D.B. Webb.
1980. (Published jointly with ODA). ISBN 0 85074 059 2 10.00 [students 5.00]
M5. Genotype-environmental interaction in Pinus caribaea, by G. Gibson. 1982. ISBN 0 85074 079 7 Microfilm only
10.00 [students 5.00]
M6. Annotated bibliography: biomass estimation, by P.G. Adlard and J.A. Johnson. 1983. ISBN 0 85074 080 0 Microfilm
only 5.00 [students 2.50]
M7. A vegetation map of Malesia, by T.C. Whitmore. 1984. (Reprinted from Journal of Biogeography). ISBN 0 85074 081
9 5.00 [students 2.50]
M8. Forest research: British overseas aid 1976-1982, by R.L. Willan. 1985. (Published for ODA: Overseas Research
Publication 27). ISBN 0 85074 084 3 Very limited stocks 2 [no discount]
Page 33
M9. Terminalia superba: a monograph, by J. Groulez and P.J. Wood. English edition. 1985. (Published jointly with CTFT,
from whom the French edition is available). Hardback ISBN 0 85074 094 0 14.70 [students 7.35]
M10. Paperback ISBN 0 85074 095 9 8.00 [students 4.00]
M11. Diseases and disorders of pines in the tropics: a field and laboratory manual, by M.H. Ivory. 1987. (Published for
ODA: Overseas Research Publication 31). ISBN 0 85074 099 1 5.00 [no discount]
M12. Tropical Forestry Research 1982-1985. ISBN 0 85074 105 X Limited stocks Free
M13. The effects of fast-growing tree crops on long-term site productivity. Annotated bibliography, by P.G. Adlard and S.F.
Wright. 1987. ISBN 0 85074 114 9 Microfilm only 6.00 [students 3.00]
M14. A conspectus of Somali Acacias, by A.S. Hassan and B.T. Styles. 1990. (Published by ODA: Somali Forestry Series;
4). ISBN 0 85954 285 8 30.00 [no discount]
M15. International cooperation on forestry research and development: Brazil, by A. Paulo M. Galvao. 1991. (Published by
EMBRAPA/CNPF, Curitiba: Documentos; 22). Limited stocks 10.00 [no discount]
M16. Forest growth data: capture, retrieval and dissemination. Proceedings of the joint IUFRO Workshop S4.02.03-S4.02.04
held on 3-5 April 1989 at Gembloux, Belgium. 1990. (Published by Faculty of Agriculture, Gembloux, Belgium). ISBN
2-87337-000-9 Limited stocks 10.00 [no discount]
M17. Forest condition in Great Britain 1989-1992. Final report: 8 March 1994. Forestry Commission and European
Community Project no. 92.60 UK, by R.A. Mather. Limited stocks 15.00 [no discount]
M18. Silviculture in the tropical rain forest: an historical analysis of success and failure. Annotated abstracts, by C. Dawkins.
ISBN 2-87337-000-9 15.00 [Third World countries 7.30]
ORDERING BY POST
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payment is not available. Payment should be made by cheque in pounds sterling; payment in other currencies is subject to
an additional handling charge of 20.00 to cover bank charges.
Trade discount is available to booksellers.

Student discount is available to bona-fide students where shown.
Microfilm copies: Most publications are available on 35mm positive microfilm at the same price as the printed version.
Some publications are out of print and available only on microfilm, as indicated.
Orders and enquiries should be sent to:

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

STAFF AND ASSOCIATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

OTHER RESEARCH ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

RESEARCH SUPPORT, LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

EXTERNAL ACTIVITIES - INSTITUTIONAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

OFI PUBLICATIONS CATALOGUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

OXFORD FORESTRY INSTITUTE

STAFF AND ASSOCIATES

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Ecology and Silviculture

Temperate ecology and silviculture Project Manager: Dr P.S. Savill

Nature-based management of beech in Europe

Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement

Germplasm acquisition and evaluation Qualitative analysis of agroforestry

During 2000 the main emphasis of the project has been

Successful DPhil thesis

The main goal of the thesis was to determine the

Forest Biodiversity and Plant Systematics

Medicinal plants altered patterns of gene flow in B. quinata and S. humilis,

Forest Policy and Management

Protected forest areas certified, such as reinforcing communities attempts to

Matthew Markopouloss research has focussed on the

Carbon sequestration in English semi-natural Economics of continuous cover forestry

OTHER RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

Academic staff: Mr P.J. Stewart, Mr F.B. Thompson

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OFI Occasional Paper (Wright, H.L. and Alder, D. (Eds)

policy; a review and comparative analysis of Ireland, Mr Alistair Yeomans

RESEARCH SUPPORT, LIBRARY AND INFORMATION

agriculture and forestry, providing a common gateway to

INSPIRE: Species Information Brahms project news 2000

Brazil - Amaznia ITTO course, Kuching, Sarawak

The database work now underway at each of these

EXTERNAL ACTIVITIES - INSTITUTIONAL

full proposal. Information on the workshop and on the

Link Project with University of Nairobi

A workshop was held in Kakamega near Lake Victoria to

Stewart, J. L.; Dunsdon, A. J. (2000). The potential of

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O.F.I. OCCASIONAL PAPERS

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