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Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012 Section A (Total Marks: 40) : X e T X T

1. The point (1, -3, 1) satisfies the given equations where the partial derivatives are equal to 3. 2. The function T(x, t) = e-t cos(x/c) satisfies the heat equation where the partial derivative of T with respect to t is equal to the second partial derivative of T with respect to x. 3. Using a midpoint Riemann sum with 4 steps, the integral from -2 to 1 of 4x^3 + 15 dx is estimated to be 80 square units.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
127 views11 pages

Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012 Section A (Total Marks: 40) : X e T X T

1. The point (1, -3, 1) satisfies the given equations where the partial derivatives are equal to 3. 2. The function T(x, t) = e-t cos(x/c) satisfies the heat equation where the partial derivative of T with respect to t is equal to the second partial derivative of T with respect to x. 3. Using a midpoint Riemann sum with 4 steps, the integral from -2 to 1 of 4x^3 + 15 dx is estimated to be 80 square units.

Uploaded by

Saran Ji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2

Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012


Section A (Total marks : 40)
at the point , ,  = 1, 3, 1 if

1
Find

 =  +  + ,   +   +   = 5

and x and y are the independent variables.

(Hint: Differentiate both equations implicitly with respect to x)

(5 marks)

 
Solution:
= 2 + 2
  M1

  
 +   +   = 5
 

 
3  + =0
 
M1


3   = 


 
= 
 3 
M1

 
Thus,
= 2 + 2   
 3 
M1


  3
= 21 + 21  =3
 ,, 31  + 3
A1

2 x
Verify that T ( x, t ) = e t cos satisfies the heat equation,
c
T 2T
= c2 2 .
t x
(5 marks)
Solution :

T x x x
= e t ( t ) cos = e t ( 1) cos = e t cos .. equation (1) M1
t t c c c

T x x x 1 et x
= e t (cos ) = e t sin = sin M1
x x c x c c c c c

2
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

2T e t x x e t x 1 e t x 1 t x M2
= (sin ) = cos = 2 cos = 2 e cos
x 2 c x c x c c c c c c c c
.. equation (2)
Substituting equation (1) into equation (2), we obtain
A1
2T 1 T T 2T
= 2 = c2 2
x 2
c t t x

3 With the midpoint Riemann sum, estimate the following integral using  = 4 steps:

  !

where  = 4  + 15.
(5 marks)

$ % 2 2
Solution:

 = = =1
 4
M1

 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5


 = 4x + 15
2 24 16 16 24 T2

'()* = + +  +  + 

= 124 + 16 + 16 + 24 M1
= 80 square units A1

Consider the region bounded by  =   + 3,  = 3 and  = 4. Using the Washer Method, compute the
volume of the solid of revolution generated by revolving this region about the  axis.
4

(5 marks)
Solution :

F2

5
0 = 1  23  43  !
+
M1
5
= 1    + 3  3  !
+
M1
=
6657
8
@ 332.8 A1

3
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

5 A protein with mass m (grams) disintegrates into amino acids at a rate given by

!9 15:
=  ;/>
!: : +5

What is the net change in mass of the protein during the first 4 hours?
(5 marks)

15: 5
Solution :
 !9 =  !:
+ : +5
M1


15 5 2:
9=   !:
M1
2 + : +5
15 4
9 = ?:  + 5 @  = 10.76
M1+M1
2 0
9 = 10.76 grams A1

6 Find the general solution for the 1st order linear differential equation below by the integrating factor.

!
  = 2 
!
(5 marks)
Solution:

!
Given,
  = 2 
!
! 1
,  = 2 
! 
M1

and comparing with the general form of the 1st order linear differential equation:
+ F  = G , we have
DE
D
1
F = , G = 2 
 M1
Find the integral factor:
1
0 = H I KD = H LM = H LM =
J NJ


M2

To find the general solution, use the formula

0  =  0 G !

1 1
 =  2  ! =  2!
 
=   + P @  =   + P
E

A1

4
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

7 Show from the definition of Laplace transform that

1
R : S = 1 H U
T
:, 0 : < 1
where : = V
1, :1

Hint: Use R : S = I+ H UZ : !:


(5 marks)
Solution:

[\ : ] =  H UZ : !:

+


[\ : ] =  H :!: +  H UZ 1 !:

UZ
M1
+ 

H UZ 1 H UZ H UZ
= : ^  1 !: +  ^
T 1
M1
T 0 T
+
H U 1 H U 1 H U
= +  +0_ `
T T T 0 T
M2

H U 1 U H U 1
aT =  H 1 + =  1 H U
T T T T A1

8 Find the following inverse Laplace transform by using Table:

1
 b c
T + 3T
(5 marks)

1 1 ' d
Solution:
= = +
T + 3T TT + 3 T T + 3
M1

1 = 'T + 3 + dT

1
Using the zeros:
T = 3, 1 = 3d d=
3
M1

1
T = 0, 1 = 3' '=
3
M1


 
1 1 1 1 1

b  c =  e  + f =  b c  b c
T + 3T T T+3 3 T 3 T 3 M1

1 1 Z
: = H
3 3 A1

5
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

In adiabatic chemical process, there is no net change (gain or loss) of heat. It can be shown that F8 0 g = h,
Section B (60 marks)

a) (where P = pressure, V = volume, h = constant). At a certain time, 0 = 4 ?i:H>T, F = 200 ji:T, and P is
1

increasing at 5 ji:T kH> THPl!.

i) Use implicit differentiation to find the rate of change of 0.


(10 marks)

ii) Is 0 increasing or decreasing? Justify your answer.


(5 marks)
Solution:

i) Given that F8 0 g = h, hence we have

! 8 g !
F 0 = h
!: !:
M2

!0 !F
F8 70 6  + 0 g 5F5  = 0
!: !:
M4

!0 !F
7F 0
8 6
= 5F 05 g
!: !:

!0 5F 0 DZ
Dm
5 0 !F
5 g
= =
!: 7F 0 7 F !:
M2
8 6

Substituting 0 = 4 ?i:H>T, F = 200 ji:T and = 5 ji:T kH> THPl!, we obtain


Dm
DZ

!0 5 4 1
= 5 = 0.0714@ ?i:H>T kH> THPl!
!: 7 200 14
M1+A1

ii) V is decreasing 7.14% since the rate of change of volume with respect to time is
negative.
V M2
J

From 0 = pm r s , we find that 0 %T F .


q t

M2+F1

P
1 Oil is leaking out of a tanker damaged at sea. The damage to the tanker is worsening as evidenced by the
b) increased leakage each hour, recorded in the table below.

Time (h) 0 1 2 3 4 5
Leakage (L/hr) 190 265 368 515 722 1005

i. Based on the graph shown, draw five inscribed trapezoids of equal width whose areas
correspond to terms of Trapezoidal Rule.
(3 marks)

6
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

1200
1000

Leakage (L/hr)
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (h)

ii. Estimate the total quantity of oil that has escaped after 5 hours by using the Trapezoidal
Rule.
(6 marks)

 =   + 6  +  + 1|0.
w {{
iii. Compute the percentage of error if the data above can be represented by function
 
(6 marks)
b) Solution:

i)
1200
1000
Leakage (L/hr)

800
600
400 F3
200
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (h)

 = = =1
xy 8+ M1
M 8
ii)

Using the Trapezoidal rule:

The total quantity of oil that has escaped after 5 hours


=  + 2 + 2 + 2 + 25 + 8
2 z M1

7
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

1
= 1|0 + 2265 + 2368 + 2515 + 2722 + 1005
2
M3

4|35
= 2467.5@ [
2
A1

iii) The exact value = I+   + 6  +  + 1|0 ! = 2445.83


8w {{
 
M2

The percentage of error = @ @ 100%


}y~Z yLzyZ yL
}y~Z yL

2445.83 2467.5
=  100% = 0.8|%
2445.83
M3+A1

2 In an oil refinery, a storage tank contains 2000 gal of gasoline that initially has 100 lb of an additive
a)
dissolved in it. Gasoline containing 2 lb of additive per gallon is pumped into the tank at a rate of 40
gal/min. The well-mixed solution is pumped out at a rate of 45 gal/min.

How much of the additive is in the tank 30 min after the pumping process begins?

40 gal/min containing 2 lb/gal

E

45 gal/min containing lb/gal

Hint: Let  be the amount (in pounds) of additive in the tank at time :. The differential equation
modeling the mixture process is
! 45
= 80 , 0 = 100
!: 2000 5:
(10 marks)
Solution:

! 45
= 80 , 0 = 100
!: 2000 5:
Rewrite in standard linear form:
! 45
+ = 80
!: 2000 5:
M1

8
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

Compare with the standard linear form DZ + F:  = G: , we obtain


DE

45
F: = , G: = 80
2000 5: M2
The integrating factor is
0: = H I mZ DZ = H INrDZ
r

= H { INrDZ
Nr

= H { +++8Z

= H +++8Z
N

1
=
2000 5: {
M2

The general solution is


0:  =  0: G: !:
 80
= !:
2000 5: { 2000 5: {

= 80 2000 5: { !:
2000 5: w
= 80 +P
85

2
= +P
2000 5: w

 = 22000 5: + P2000 5: { M2

Substituting 0 = 100, we have

100 = 22000 + P2000 {


P = 7.617 10g M1

Hence, the particular solution for the IVP is

 = 22000 5: + 7.617 10g 2000 5: { M1

The amount of additive 30 min after the pumping begins is

 = 22000 530 + 7.617 10g 2000 530 {


 = 1766.57 ?$ A1

9
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

2 Consider the following initial-value problem (IVP):


 2 + 5 = 10 cos  , 0 = 2,   0 = 1
b)

i) By solving the auxiliary equation, find the complementary function, ~ .


(5 marks)
ii) Find the solution of the IVP, i.e.  = ~ +  , by using the suitable particular solution,  , for
the given ODE.
(15 marks)
Solution:

  2 + 5  = 10 cos 
i) Write the given 2nd order ODE non-homogeneous in D-operator form

The auxiliary equation is 9 29 + 5 = 0.



M1

Thus, 9 = 1 2i (complex roots).


M1

The complementary function is ~ = H  ' sin 2 + d cos 2


M1
A2

ii) Choose the particular solution, k = h sin  + cos .


Differentiate  : , gives
M1

 = h cos  sin 
M1
  = h sin  cos 
M1

h sin  cos  2h cos  sin  + 5h sin  + cos  = 10 cos 


Substitution into the ODE gives

Compare the coefficient of sin ::


M2
h + 2 + 5h = 0
4h + 2 = 0 . (1)
Compare the coefficient of cos ::
M1
2h + 5 = 10
2h + 4 = 10 . (2)
M1
Solve equation (1) and (2), we obtain h = 1, = 2
Thus, the particular solution,  = sin  + 2 cos .
M1
M1
The general solution,  = ~ +  = H  ' sin 2 + d cos 2 sin  + 2 cos 
Using the initial condition, 0 = 2, we have
M1
2 = 10 + d 0 + 2 d=0 M1/2
  = H  2' cos 2 2d sin 2 + H  ' sin 2 + d cos 2 cos  2 sin 
Differentiate the general solution,

Substitute   0 = 1, we get
M3
1 = 12' 0 + 10 + d 1 0
1 = 2' + 0 1 '=1
M1/2

 = H  sin 2 sin  + 2 cos 


Thus, the solution of the IVP is
A1

10
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

3 Consider the following non-homogeneous 2nd order linear differential equation,

!  !
3 + 2 = H Z ,
!:  !: 
0 = 0,
  0 = 0.

a) Taking the Laplace transform of both sides of the ODE, find an equation that T satisfies.

(10 marks)

b) Determine the partial fraction expansion of T .

(15 marks)

c) Determine : by computing the inverse Laplace transform of T .

(5 marks)
Solution:

[RS 3[RS + 2[RS = [RH Z S


a)
M2
1
T  T T0  0 3\TT 0 ] + 2T =
T2
M3

Substitute 0 = 0 and   0 = 0, we obtain


1
T  T 3TT + 2T =
T2
M1
1
T  3T + 2 T =
T2
M2

1
T = 
T 3T + 2 T 2
A2

b) Using the partial fractions, gives

1 1 1
T = = =
T  3T + 2 T 2 T 1 T 2 T 2 T 1 T 2  M3

' d h
= + +
T 1 T 2 T 2 
M3

1 = 'T 2  + dT 1 T 2 + hT 1 M3

When T = 1, 1='
Using the zeros:

When T = 2, 1=h
M1
M1

11
CLB 19302/CLB 19303/WLB 10102/MATHEMATICS 2
Answer Scheme Set A /JULY 2012

Comparing the coefficient of T  : 0='+d d = 1 M1

So the partial fraction decomposition is

1 1 1
T = + +
T 1 T 2 T 2  A3

: = [ RT S


c)

1 1 1
= [ b + + c
T 1 T 2 T 2 
M1

1 1 1
= [ b c [ b c + [ b c
T 1 T 2 T 2  M1

: = H Z H Z + :H Z A3

12

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