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Ip Subnetting Basics

The document discusses IPv6 addressing and networking concepts. It provides examples of IPv6 addresses in different notation forms, and describes multicast addressing ranges and how multicast IP addresses are configured in software. It also covers subnetting of IPv6 and IPv4 networks, including examples of subnet masks and valid IP ranges for different subnet sizes.

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Abdul Qayyum
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91 views7 pages

Ip Subnetting Basics

The document discusses IPv6 addressing and networking concepts. It provides examples of IPv6 addresses in different notation forms, and describes multicast addressing ranges and how multicast IP addresses are configured in software. It also covers subnetting of IPv6 and IPv4 networks, including examples of subnet masks and valid IP ranges for different subnet sizes.

Uploaded by

Abdul Qayyum
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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20170614PKLHPPT47445

IPv6

Work started in 90s IETF.

16 byte address

Hexa decimal (0-9 A=10, B=11 , C=12, D=13 ,E=14 ,F=15)

20A9:05C8:0D09:A10F:0000:0000:0000:0789 (total 128 bits, 2 digit is equal to 1 byte, 2 bytes are colon
separated)

20A9:05C8:0D09:A10F:0:0:0:789 (another form same IPv6)

20A9:05C8:0D09:A10F::789 (another form same IPv6)

309B:5C8:D09:BB2:0:0:0:71/64

Net ID host

3080:BA40:45::DF::DE(Wrong IPv6 add)

IPv6 dont broadcast

ipV6 mostly multicast

Multicast IP mostly start with FF:02:

Class D used for multicasting IP Range: 224-239

224.0.0.1

Unicast (1 to 1)

Multicast IP is configured in software

Broadcast

Source Mac: A1:b3:05:08:05

Destination Mac: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

PC Name, Mac Address, IP (1st time coummnication)


192.168.0.254/30

Range: (2^2 ) = 4

252__ 255

Net id__ broadcast id

Mask 255.255.255.255-range(4) = 255.255.255.252

192.168.0.253, 254,

192.168.0.30/30

Range: (2^2) = 4

04

48

8 12

12 16

16 20

20 24

24 28

28 (29,30,) 31

00000
192.168.0.0/27

Range: 2^5 = 32

0 (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14.,30) 31

Subnet mask = last octet range = 256 32 = 224

Fa0/0 10 hosts

Fa0/1- 5 hosts

Valid subnets 4,8,16,32,64,128,256

2^4 = 16

First Subnet for fa0/0

192.168.0.0/28 (subnet for 10 hosts)

Start iP: 192.168.0.0(Net ID)

Last IP: 192.168.0.15(Broadcast ID)

Usable IPs 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.14

Subnet mask 255.255.255.240

1 1 1 1 0 000

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 0

Subnet Mask is calculated by adding ON bits (128+64+32+16 = 240)

Host or Range is calculated by adding OFF bits (8 +4+ 2+0 = 16)

Second Subnet

192.168.0.16/28

192.168.0.16 192.168.0.31

255.255.255.240
Making 2 subnets from 192.168.0.16/28 8 range in each subnets

2^3=8

First Subnet (for fa0/1)

192.168.0.16/29 (this 29 is taken by subtracting power of 2 from 32)

192.168.0.16 192.168.0.23

Usable IP: 192.168.0.17 -192.168.0.22

255.255.255.248

Second Subnet

192.168.0.24/29

First Subnet

Range 2^2=4

192.168.0.24/30

192.168.0.24 192.168.0.27

Subnet mask 255.255.255.252

2nd Subnet

Main Network 192.168.0.24/29

192.168.0.28/30

192.168.0.28 192.168.0.31

Subnet mask 255.255.255.252

Make 1 subnet that have 4 range (2nd Subnet)

Make 2 subnets that have 2 range in each..


192.168.0.45/30 (make 2 subnet of it)

Range 2^2=4

[0 3, 4 7, .. 40 43, 44 47]

192.168.0.44 192.168.0.47

Subnet Mask 255.255.255.252

192.168.0.45/28

Range 2^4=16

[0 15, 16 31, 32 48]

192.168.0.32 192.168.0.47

Subnet mask: 255.255.255.240


192.168.0.45/30 (make 2 subnet of it)

Range 2^2 = 4

[0,2,4,8,16,32]

192.168.0.44 192.168.0.47

1st subnet

[0 1, 2 3, 44 45]

Range 2^1 = 2

192.168.0.45/31

192.168.0.44 192.168.0.45

Subnet mask 255.255.255.254

2nd subnet

192.168.0.46/31

192.168.0.46 192.168.0.47

Subnet mask 255.255.255.254

14th May:

#Do show ip int br

#show mac address-table

#show ip route

#no switchport (in order to assign IP to switch port, normaly switch port doesnt have any IP)

#show vlan (by default vlan 1 is already created and all the ports of switch are included in this vlan)

R1#sh ip int br | ex una


Sh ip route connected

Sh ip route eigrp

Sh ip route | include D

Int erface gig 0/0

Ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

Description R1 to SW3

Class-B(config)#no ip default-gateway 172.14.5.1


Class-B(config)#ip default-gateway 172.14.10.1

Multicast, unicast

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