Electronics and Communication Engineering - EC

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. 

Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial
Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line,
Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens theorems. 

Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial and boundary value
problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method. 

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem and integral formula, Taylors and Laurent series,
Residue theorem, solution integrals. 

Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard
deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution,
Correlation and regression analysis.

. Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential
equations. 

Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform. 

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit
matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Nortons
maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant
coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using
Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer
functions. State equations for networks. 

Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion
current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener
diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs.
Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-
tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process.

Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode
circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and
multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp
circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function
generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies. 

Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL,
MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs.
Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs.
Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing. 

Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier
series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear
Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and
zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through
LTI systems. 

Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams.
Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their
use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and
frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode
and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-
Integral-Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems. 

Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function,
autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and
demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware,
realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM)
and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity
theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM),
digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter
receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA
and CDMA and GSM.

Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss and Stokes theorems, Maxwells
equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various
media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance;
impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in
rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in
dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. 

Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of
definite and improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and
Curl, Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens
theorems.

Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms,
Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation. 

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series.

Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median,
mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distributions.

Numerical Methods:Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations Integration by trapezoidal and
Simpsons rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.

APPLIED MECHANICS AND DESIGN

Engineering Mechanics: Free body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and
dynamics of particles and of rigid bodies in plane motion, including impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and
energy formulations; impact. 

Strength of Materials: Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohrs circle for plane
stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses;
deflection of beams; torsion of circular shafts; Eulers theory of columns; strain energy methods; thermal stresses.

Theory of Machines: Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of
slider-crank mechanism; gear trains; flywheels. 

Vibrations: Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation;
resonance, critical speeds of shafts.

Design: Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of
the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding
contact bearings, brakes and clutches.
FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL SCIENCES

Fluid Mechanics: Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum
and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoullis equation; viscous flow of
incompressible fluids; boundary layer; elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc.

Heat-Transfer: Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy,
unsteady heat conduction, fins; dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, various
correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence;
radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis; heat exchanger performance, LMTD
and NTU methods. 

Thermodynamics: Zeroth, First and Second laws of thermodynamics; thermodynamic system and processes;
Carnot cycle. irreversibility and availability; behaviour of ideal and real gases, properties of pure substances,
calculation of work and heat in ideal processes; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion. 

Applications: Power Engineering: Steam Tables, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat. I.C.
Engines: air-standard Otto, Diesel cycles. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps,
gas refrigeration, Reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric
processes. Turbomachinery: Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines  impulse and reaction principles, velocity
diagrams. 

MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Engineering Materials: Structure and properties of engineering materials, heat treatment, stress-strain diagrams for
engineering materials. 

Metal Casting: Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design
considerations. 

Forming: Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for
bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes;
principles of powder metallurgy.

Joining: Physics of welding, brazing and soldering; adhesive bonding; design considerations in welding. 

Machining and Machine Tool Operations: Mechanics of machining, single and multi-point cutting tools, tool
geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of non-traditional machining
processes; principles of work holding, principles of design of jigs and fixtures.

Metrology and Inspection: Limits, fits and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge
design; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in
manufacturing and assembly. 

Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Basic concepts of CAD/CAM and their integration tools. 

Production Planning and Control: Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials
requirement planning. 

Inventory Control: Deterministic and probabilistic models; safety stock inventory control systems. 

Operations Research: Linear programming, simplex and duplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow
models, simple queuing models, PERT and CPM.

Instrumentation Engineering - IN

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.

Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial
Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line,
Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens theorems.

Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial and boundary value
problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method.

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem and integral formula, Taylors and Laurent series,
Residue theorem, solution integrals.

Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard
deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution,
Correlation and regression analysis.

Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential
equations.

Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.

INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems: Kirchoffs laws, mesh and nodal Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-
port and two-port Network Functions. Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems. Error and
uncertainty analysis. Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting.

Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive and

piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning. Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration
(translational and rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock. Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and
liquid level. Measurement of pH, conductivity, viscosity and humidity.

Analog Electronics: Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits. Transistors at low and high
frequencies, Amplifiers, single and multi-stage. Feedback amplifiers. Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit
configurations. Instrumentation amplifier. Precision rectifier. V-to-I and I-to-V converter. Op-Amp based active filters.
Oscillators and signal generators.

Digital Electronics: Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC families, TTL, MOS and
CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits,
flip-flops, counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters. Basics
of number system. Microprocessor applications, memory and input-output interfacing. Microcontrollers.

Signals, Systems and Communications: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse response, transfer function and
frequency response of first- and second order systems. Convolution, correlation and characteristics of linear time
invariant systems. Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response. Pulse transfer function. IIR and FIR filters.
Amplitude and frequency modulation and demodulation. Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation. Frequency and
time division multiplexing. Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying and pulse shift keying for digital modulation.

Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R,L and C. Measurements
of voltage, current, power, power factor and energy. A.C & D.C current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-
meter and waveform analyzer. Digital voltmeter and multi-meter. Time, phase and frequency measurements.
Cathode ray oscilloscope. Serial and parallel communication. Shielding and grounding.

Control Systems and Process Control: Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs. Transient Response, steady-
state-errors. Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot, root loci. Time delay systems. Phase and gain margin. State
space representation of systems. Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components. Synchro pair, servo and
step motors. On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed forward and derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers.

Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation: Mass spectrometry. UV, visible and IR spectrometry. X-ray
and nuclear radiation measurements. Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, Photo-diode, photo-resistor and
their characteristics. Interferometers, applications in metrology. Basics of fiber optics. Biomedical instruments, EEG,
ECG and EMG. Clinical measurements. Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography. Principles of Computer
Assisted Tomography.
Civil Engineering - CE

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigenvectors.

Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of
definite and improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and
Curl, Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens
theorems.

Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms,
Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation.

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series.

Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median,
mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distributions.

Numerical Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations Integration by trapezoidal and
Simpsons rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

Mechanics: Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams. Simple stress and strain relationship:
Stress and strain in two dimensions, principal stresses, stress transformation, Mohrs circle. Simple bending theory,
flexural and shear stresses, unsymmetrical bending, shear centre. Thin walled pressure vessels, uniform torsion,
buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses. 

Structural Analysis: Analysis of statically determinate trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames, displacements in
statically determinate structures and analysis of statically indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods, analysis
by displacement methods (slope deflection and moment distribution methods), influence lines for determinate and
indeterminate structures. Basic concepts of matrix methods of structural analysis.

Concrete Structures: Concrete Technology- properties of concrete, basics of mix design. Concrete design- basic
working stress and limit state design concepts, analysis of ultimate load capacity and design of members subjected to
flexure, shear, compression and torsion by limit state methods. Basic elements of prestressed concrete, analysis of
beam sections at transfer and service loads.

Steel Structures: Analysis and design of tension and compression members, beams and beam- columns, column
bases. Connections- simple and eccentric, beamcolumn connections, plate girders and trusses. Plastic analysis of
beams and frames.

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Soil Mechanics: Origin of soils, soil classification, three - phase system, fundamental definitions, relationship and
interrelationships, permeability and seepage, effective stress principle, consolidation, compaction, shear strength.

Foundation Engineering: Sub-surface investigations- scope, drilling bore holes, sampling, penetration tests, plate
load test. Earth pressure theories, effect of water table, layered soils. Stability of slopes- infinite slopes, finite slopes.
Foundation types- foundation design requirements. Shallow foundations- bearing capacity, effect of shape, water
table and other factors, stress distribution, settlement analysis in sands and clays. Deep foundation pile types,
dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays, negative skin friction.

WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING

Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics: Properties of fluids, principle of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and
corresponding equations, potential flow, applications of momentum and Bernoullis equation, laminar and turbulent
flow, flow in pipes, pipe networks. Concept of boundary layer and its growth. Uniform flow, critical flow and gradually
varied flow in channels, specific energy concept, hydraulic jump. Forces on immersed bodies, flow measurements in
channels, tanks and pipes. Dimensional analysis and hydraulic modeling. Kinematics of flow, velocity triangles and
specific speed of pumps and turbines.

Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle, rainfall, evaporation, infiltration, stage discharge relationships, unit hydrographs, flood
estimation, reservoir capacity, reservoir and channel routing. Well hydraulics.

Irrigation: Duty, delta, estimation of evapo-transpiration. Crop water requirements. Design of: lined and unlined
canals, waterways, head works, gravity dams and spillways. Design of weirs on permeable foundation. Types of
irrigation system, irrigation methods. Water logging and drainage, sodic soils.

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Water requirements: Quality standards, basic unit processes and operations for water treatment. Drinking water
standards, water requirements, basic unit operations and unit processes for surface water treatment, distribution of
water. Sewage and sewerage treatment, quantity and characteristics of wastewater. Primary, secondary and tertiary
treatment of wastewater, sludge disposal, effluent discharge standards. Domestic wastewater treatment, quantity of
characteristics of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment Unit operations and unit processes of
domestic wastewater, sludge disposal.

Air Pollution: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution meteorology, air pollution control, air
quality standards and limits.
Municipal Solid Wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered
systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal).

Noise Pollution: Impacts of noise, permissible limits of noise pollution, measurement of noise and control of noise
pollution.

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

Highway Planning: Geometric design of highways, testing and specifications of paving materials, design of flexible
and rigid pavements. 

Traffic Engineering: Traffic characteristics, theory of traffic flow, intersection design, traffic signs and signal design,
highway capacity.

SURVEYING

Importance of surveying, principles and classifications, mapping concepts, coordinate system, map projections,
measurements of distance and directions, leveling, theodolite traversing, plane table surveying, errors and
adjustments, curves.

Pharmaceutical Sciences - PY

Natural Products: Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Chemistry, tests, isolation, characterization and estimation of
phytopharmaceuticals belonging to the group of Alkaloids, Glycosides, Terpenoids, Steroids, Bioflavanoids, Purines,
Guggul lipids. Pharmacognosy of crude drugs that contain the above constituents. Standardization of raw materials
and herbal products. WHO guidelines. Quantitative microscopy including modern techniques used for evaluation.
Biotechnological principles and techniques for plant development, Tissue culture.

Pharmacology: General pharmacological principles including Toxicology. Drug interaction. Pharmacology of drugs

acting on Central nervous system, Cardiovascular system, Autonomic nervous system, Gastro intestinal system and
Respiratory system. Pharmacology of Autocoids, Hormones, Hormone antagonists, chemotherapeutic agents
including anticancer drugs. Bioassays, Immuno Pharmacology. Drugs acting on the blood & blood forming organs.
Drugs acting on the renal system.

Medicinal Chemistry: Structure, nomencl