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    CSTR in Series

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    NURFATIHAH SYAMIMI
    This experiment studied the effect of step-change input in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system with three reactors in series. The conductivity was measured over time in each reactor after a step change in salt concentration of the inlet flow. The results showed increasing conductivity over time in reactors 2 and 3, indicating the step change propagated through the system. The goal was to determine how long it takes for the conductivity between the first and last reactor to equalize after a step change in input. Extensive experimental details and procedures were provided.

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    CSTR in Series

    Uploaded by

    NURFATIHAH SYAMIMI
    59 views3 pages
    This experiment studied the effect of step-change input in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system with three reactors in series. The conductivity was measured over time in each reactor after a step change in salt concentration of the inlet flow. The results showed increasing conductivity over time in reactors 2 and 3, indicating the step change propagated through the system. The goal was to determine how long it takes for the conductivity between the first and last reactor to equalize after a step change in input. Extensive experimental details and procedures were provided.

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    CSTR LAB

    Original Title

    Cstr in Series

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    This experiment studied the effect of step-change input in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system with three reactors in series. The conductivity was measured over time in each reactor after a step change in salt concentration of the inlet flow. The results showed increasing conductivity over time in reactors 2 and 3, indicating the step change propagated through the system. The goal was to determine how long it takes for the conductivity between the first and last reactor to equalize after a step change in input. Extensive experimental details and procedures were provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    59 views3 pages

    CSTR in Series

    Uploaded by

    NURFATIHAH SYAMIMI
    This experiment studied the effect of step-change input in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system with three reactors in series. The conductivity was measured over time in each reactor after a step change in salt concentration of the inlet flow. The results showed increasing conductivity over time in reactors 2 and 3, indicating the step change propagated through the system. The goal was to determine how long it takes for the conductivity between the first and last reactor to equalize after a step change in input. Extensive experimental details and procedures were provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Abstract

    In this experiment, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in series is used. The reactor consist
    of three agitated glass reactor vessels arranged in series. The flow rate of the deionized water is
    kept constant which is 150 ml/min throughout the experiment. This experiment is carried out
    to determine the effect of the step-change input. The readings are continuously taken for every
    3 minutes until to the point where the conductivity values of reactor 1 and reactor 3 is the
    same. Then, the graph of conductivity versus time is plotted.
    Extensive abstract which includes short theory, meeting objectives and conclusion of
    experimental (significance of result

    Introduction

    In a series of CSTR, each of equal volume, V in which reaction occurs in steady state. The extent
    of back-mixing inside a CSTR ideally is infinite therefore ideally fractions of the flow entering the
    reactor immediately reach the outlet and have a residence time of zero inside the unit. This
    type of model can be pictured as a perfectly mixed rapid mix chamber.

    Tracer tests most commonly used in water treatment plants are pulse and step inputs. Both of
    these tests result in data can be graphed in terms of the concentration of the tracer versus
    time, and the shape of the curve can indicate which reactor model most closely approximates
    the environmental reactor being tested. In this way, the expected chemical or disinfection
    efficiencies can be predicted. (Teefy, 1996)

    A pulse input tracer test is performed by adding a known mass of tracer chemical immediately
    upstream from reactor inlet while a step-input tracer test is performed by adding a tracer
    chemical at a constant dosage immediately upstream from a reactor inlet.

    Introduction includes detailed background information on theoretical principles, terms, techniques


    and a clearly stated hypothesis

    Objectives

    To study the effect of step-change input to the concentration

    Theory

    A Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) is a well-mixed vessel that operates at steady-state


    (Qin=Qout=Q). The main assumption in this case is that the concentration of the incoming fluid will
    become instantaneously equal to the outgoing upon entering the vessel.
    Apparatus

    SOLTEQ

    Procedure

    General Start-up Procedure

    1. The two 20-L feed tanks (T1 and T2) with deionized water is filled up.
    2. 300 g of sodium chloride in tank 1 is dissolved. The salts is make sure to dissolve entirely and the
    solutions is homogenous.
    3. The power for the control panel is turned on.
    4. The stirrer assembly is make sure to be secured properly to avoid damage to the mechanical
    seal.
    5. The three way valve (V3) is set to Position 2 so that deionized water from tank 2 will flow into
    reactor 1.
    6. Pump 2 is switched on to fill up all the three reactors with deionized water.
    7. The flow rate (FI1) is set to 150 ml/min by adjusting the needle valve (V4)
    8.

    Results

    Experiment 1: To study the effect of step-change input

    Flow rate: 150 ml/min Temperature: 24.40C

    POSITION 2 (After 10 minutes)

    Reading QT1(S) QT2(S) QT3(S)


    1

    POSITION 1 (After POSITION 2 reading)

    Time (min) QT1(S) QT2(S) QT3(S)


    3 35.1 13.52 4.38
    6 34.5 17.70 7.12
    9 32.9 22.80 10.57
    12 30.7 25.70 14.79
    15 29.5 26.80 17.18
    18 28.6 27.20 19.18
    21 27.8 27.60 22.60
    24 27.4 27.60 23.90
    27 26.4 26.7 25.20
    30 25.8 26.5 25.30
    33 26.5 27.2 26.50
    36 25.8 26.5 26.40
    39 25.0 26.2 26.70
    42 25.3 26.0 26.50
    45 24.8 25.8 26.40

    Calculations

    Discussion

    Conclusion

    Recommendations

    Reference

    Appendix

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