REVIEW QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 2 absolute pressure exerted by water 2 m below the surface of a swimming pool = a 20kPa c, 200 kPa b. 120 kPa d, 400 kPa 4 15° inclined manometer containing mercury is connected to two taps A and B sentaining water. Tap B is 4 ft vertically higher than Tap A. When the pressure in Tap B is 6 psi, the manometer reads 5 inches along the inclined tube. Calculate the ‘ws manometer reading (in inches) if the pressure in Tap A is increased by 2.0 psi. «6.0 b. 10.5, . 15.3 d. 21.9 Water at 20°C enters an inclined 1-inch ID pipe where the upstream point is at 10 sig. The downstream point is % inch [D and 40 ft below the upstream point where the water discharges at 30 gpm to the atmosphere, What is the friction in ft of water? a. 10.2 b. 8.6 c. 28.1 d. 45.2 Which of the following is not true?The absolute pressure exerted by water 2 m below the surface of a swimming pool is a 20kPa c. 200 kPa b. 120 kPa d. 400 kPa A 15° inclined manometer containing mercury is connected to two taps A and B containing water. Tap B is 4 ft vertically higher than Tap A. When the Pressure in Tap B is 6 psi, the manometer reads 5 inches along the inclined tube. Calculate the new manometer reading (in inches) if the pressure in Tap A is increased by 2.0 psi. a. 6.0 b. 10.5 c. 15.3 d.21.9 Waiter at 20°C enters an inclined 1-inch ID pipe where the upstream point is at 10 psig. The downstream point is 4 inch ID and 40 ft below the upstream point where the water discharges at 30 gpm to the atmosphere. What is the friction in ft of water? a. 10,2 b. 8.6 ©. 28.1 d. 45.2 Which of the following is not true? a. A pump will operate safely if its NPSH is greater than zero. b. Fans and blowers are used to transport gases. c. Pumps and blowers increase the mechanical energy of the fluid. d. The power loss due to friction in a venturi meter ig greater than in an orifice meter.12. 13. 14, A pump delivers 40 gpm of water with a total head of 40 ff. The efficiency of the pump is 65%. What is its BHP? a. 0.62 b. 0.70 c. 2.00 d. 5.50 A fluid flowing at a rate of 25 cubic meters per hour in a 60-mm inside diameter pipe has an average velocity in meters/second equal to a. 5.9 b. 2.5 e 15 d. 0.6 Turbulent flow generally occurs for cases involving a. very viscous fluid b. very narrow passages or capillary tubes c. very slow motions d. none of these A rectangular duct 4m x 1.5 m in cross-section carries conditioned air. Its bydraulis diameter is a. 150m b. 218m ©. 2.18 d. 2.75 m When the ID of the pipe through which a fluid flows is doubled, the pressure loss due to friction per unit length of pipe and for the same volumetric flow rate » changed by approximately a factor of a. 1/8 b. 16 ce. 1/32 d. 1/64 When two centrifugal pumps are connected in series, the discharge changes by factor of a. 1/2 b. 1 c. 2 da. 4 When two reciprocating pumps are connected in parallel, the volumetric capacity af] the system changes by a factor of a 1/2 bl c.2 a. 2? The pressure drop in a pipeline changes by a factor of a. 1/2 db 1 e 2 d.4 when the velocity of the flowing fluid is doubled. Machines which need electricity to run are a. generators c. turbines b. engines a. motors Cavitation occurs in a centrifugal pump when a. the discharge pressure becomes too high b. the discharge valve is closed ¢. suction is lost d. the suction pressure is too high The required NPSH of a pump is specified to be 8 fi. Determine the allow: vertical distance above (or below) the pump axis from a vented surface of w (25°C) ina supply tank if suction side friction losses are equivalent to 3.8 fl. a. 16 ft b. 8 fi c, 30 ft d. 10.8a st 25. Oil with a viscosity of 30 cP and a density of 60 Ib/ft’ flows through a 1/2-inch inside diameter pipe. Determine the velocity in ft/s below which flow will be Jaminar. a, 87.20 b. 13.10 « c. 0.63 d. 16,90 Water at 60°F is flowing through a 3-inch inside diameter smooth horizontal Pipe. If the Reynolds number is 353,000, calculate the ratio of maximum velocity to average velocity a. 1.89 b. 1.22 c. 1.05 d. 1.72 The pressure after the pump in a 6-inch inside diameter smooth pipe conducting water is 20 psia. The water is discharged at an open tank 100 ft. from the pump. Calculate the rate of discharge of water in ft/s. a. 21.0 b. 0.6 c. 583 d. 3.58 A water storage tank supplies water into a factory. Water is supplied to the tank through a booster pump installed in the water line. The theoretical pump horsepower required is 3.25 hp. What is the monthly operating cost of the pump, if electric power cost on the average is P3.73/kWh. The pump is 65% efficient and operates for 12 hours a day. a. P3300 b. P5000 c. P7000 d. none of these When the impeller speed of an ideal centrifugal pump is doubled, the volumetric flow rate of the discharge is increased by a factor of a. 1/2 b. 1.0 ce. 2.0 d. 2exp 2) The differential height between two points where a fluid has to be transferred is the a. potential head c. velocity head b. pressure head d, dynamic head The bursting pressure of a pipe is directly proportional to its a. schedule number c. outside diameter . b. inside diameter d. length A device for measuring differential pressure is a a. potentiometer c. galvanometer b. ammeter d. manometer The dimensionless number that characterizes the flow of fluids in a conduit is a, Nusselt Number c. Grashoff Number b. Peclet Number d. Reynolds Number When a fluid flows through a reducer in a piping system, the velocity at the outlet end is the velocity at the inlet a. less than c. the same as b. more than d. one-half26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Bhs 32, 33. 34, 35, 36. ore LL At a given flow rate through an orifice meter the differential pressure across the orifice will increase when a. the orifice flow area is decreased b. the density of the flowing fluid is decreased ¢. the orifice flow area is increased d. the thickness of the orifice is decreased The prime mover of a jet pump is a/an a. motor c, turbine b. fluid momentum d. engine The weight rate of flow of a fluid stream per unit of cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow is the a. mean linear velocity c. velocity head b. acoustic velocity d. mean mass velocity of the stream In a reciprocating Pump, the ratio of the quantity of liquid actually pumped to that which corresponds to the piston displacement is called a. hydraulic efficiency ¢. volumetric efficiency b. mechanical efficiency d. suction lift The schedule number of the pipe is an indicator of the Pipe’s a. outside diameter c. length per section b. thickness d. imaterial 6f construction The higher the BWG tating of a tube is, the lower is the a. strength c. length of a tube section b. area of flow d. grade of metal used The inside surface of a Pipe has no effect on the friction factor when the flow is a. turbulent ©. passing through a Pump b. streamline d. by gravity When the movement of a 88s vapor is effected at a low Pressute say, up to 0.1 kg/em’, the equipment used is a a. compressor c. jet b. blower d. fan Four-inch (4 inch) Sch. 40 steel pipes are to be used to transport high-pressure steam. The pipe joints are to be butt-welded. The safe working fiber stress for butt- welded pipes is 457.1 kg/om’. Calculate:the maximum steam pressure, in kg/cm the pipes can handle, a. 38.2 b. 18.3 © 10.8 d. 150.0 A rotameter having a stainless steol float (sp.gr = 8.0) is calibrated to handle a maximum flow of 3.0 m’/nin of water. What is the maximum flow rate of CCl, car it handle in m/min? a. 3.0 b. 5.2 ©. 2.3 d.18 The resistance of a layer of fluid to flow over the next layer is measured by a. viscosity ¢. surface tension b. friction factor d. momentumOS Water at 80°F flows at 10 Per second through a 6-inch Sch. 40 steel pipe with a length of 1000 ft. The Reynolds number is a. 334,000 b. 255,000 c. 300,600 d. 30,000 Air is flowing at constant mass rate through a horizontally arranged pipe heater and heated from 70°F to 170°F. The pressure is normal at the inlet and the outlet Pressure dropped by 1 inch HjO. The average air velocity at the inlet is 20 fi/s, Assuming that C, = 0.24 and perfect gas, the net heat input is a. 240 BTU/min c. 240 BTU b. 240 BTU/Ib, d. 24 BTU/b, Natural gas at 70°F is flowing at a steady mass rate through a steel pipe with an inside diameter of 12 inches. Absolute pressure drops fom 30 to 14 atm in 400 miles of horizontal pipe. M = 17, = 0.01 ep. The volumetric flow rate per hour at 70°F and normal barometric pressure is a. 8600 c. 520,000 f? b. 8600 m? d. 23000 £3 Calculate the radius of the capillary tube in mm, such that it is a flow of a viscous _ fluid, Kinematic viscosity = 0.000043 m2/s Length of tube = = 50,2 om Mass flow rate 0.003 kg/s Density of fluid 955 kg/m? Pressure drop = 4.77 atm a, 0.32 b. 0.45 ©. 0.75 d. 0.18 Ina high pressure piping system where Joints are regularly broken for maintenance, joints are used a. welded c. flanged b. threaded d. bail and spigot Two centrifugal Pumps,-a 5-in delivering 129 gpm and a 4-1/2 in delivering 140 gpin are connected in parallel. [f the pump characteristics of both are represented by Fig. 10-38 Perry 8/ed, determine. -the overall efficiency of the pump set. a. 74% b. 55% ¢. 76% d. 63% Air is to be delivered at a rate of. 200 cfm and a pressure of 10 kPa, ‘The appropriate equipment to use is a. fan ©. compressor b. blower d. centrifugal pump Sop gul flow pump operating at a speed of 880 rpm can supply waier at a rate of 3000 gpm. The maximum head that this pump can deliver in feet of water is a. 36 b. 63 ©. 20 d. none of these The power requirement of a fan in kW in order to supply air at a rate of 500 m?/hr at a total discharge pressure of 0.5 psia is al b. 0.46 085 dia47. 54. The power requirement of a 4-stage compressor (in kW) in order to supply air a: 25°C at a rate of 500 cu m per hour at a total discharge pressure of 200 psig is if the efficiency of the compressor is 66%. a. 20.8 b. 41.6 ¢. 63.0 d. 73.2 What will be the rated capacity (in gpm) of a 4-1/2 inch impeller centrifugal pume operating at a speed of 3450 rpm capable of generating a head of 40 ft of water? a. 134 b. 248 °. 95 4. 320 What type of pump would you recommend if the capacity is 5000 gal/min at a heac of 15 ft of water z a. gear pump c. centrifugal pump b. axial flow pump d. screw pump A right angled triangular weir is used to measure the flow rate of water flowing an open channel. if the height of the water in the weir is 7.8 inches, the flow rate oF water is gal.min. a. 400 b. 250 cc. 380 d. 580 What is the entrance length in a 2-inch Sch. 40 pipe if the Reynolds number 18007 a. 10 ft b, 17 ce. 8 ft d. 25 ft If the speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled, the energy requirement becomes approximately times the original energy requirement, a 8 b. 2 a4 d. 10 When two bodies fost the same amount of weight when immersed in a fluid, 2 means that the two bodies have the same a. density b. volume ¢. weight d. shape A cylindrical tank 1ft in diameter discharges through a nozzle connected to the base. Find the time needed for the water level in the tank to drop from 4 ft to 2= above the nozzle. The diameter of the nozzle is 1 inch and its discharge coefficiex may be taken as unity. a. 425 b. 30s ce 21s d. 15s A pitot tube with a U-tube water manometer is attached to a horizontal oil pipe of # in. inside diameter, If the manometer reading is 15 in., determine the volumet= flow rate, in gpm, of oil in the pipe. The pitot opening is placed at the center of the Pipe. The oil has a specific gravity of 0.84 and a viscosity of 0.0336 Ib/fi-sec. a. 77 b. 32 °. 55 d. 94 A sharp edged orifice meter is to be fabricated to measure water flowing at a nus Rot to exceed 1,200 cu.ft per hour, with a differential head of 30 in. Hg. Whe orifice diameter in inches is required if Dy/D, is made 1/5? a 1.5 b.2.0 c. 1.0 4.25