Log 2G Optim Huawei
Log 2G Optim Huawei
Log 2G Optim Huawei
2.Gb interface: - Check usage of Gb links. Expand Gb capacity if congestion appears. Gb usage
can be checked through Real Time Monitoring function of BSC LMT: On the
Trace & Monitor
tab page, choose : Monitor Monitor GPRS Flux.
- Check alarms on GDPUP board (BSC6000) or DPUd board (BSC6900) which are the boards
that provide PCU functionality in BSC (internal PCU).
3. Abis interface:
- Check for congestion on Abis interface. Congestion will lower the throughput.
- Higher CS and MCS coding schemes will occupy higher number of Abis timeslots. Check
relative parameters for CS transition:
- UPTHDCSUPGRADE1: Uplink TBF Threshold from CS1 to CS2
- UPTHDCSUPGRADE2: Uplink TBF Threshold from CS2 to CS3
- UPTHDCSUPGRADE3: Uplink TBF Threshold from CS3 to CS4
- UPTHDCSDEGRADE1: Uplink TBF Threshold from CS2 to CS1
- UPTHDCSDEGRADE2: Uplink TBF Threshold from CS3 to CS2
- UPTHDCSDEGRADE3: Uplink TBF Threshold from CS4 to CS3
- DNTHDCSUPGRADE1: Downlink TBF Threshold from CS1 to CS2
- DNTHDCSUPGRADE2: Downlink TBF Threshold from CS2 to CS3
- DNTHDCSUPGRADE3: Downlink TBF Threshold from CS3 to CS4
- DNTHDCSDEGRADE1: Downlink TBF Threshold from CS2 to CS1
- DNTHDCSDEGRADE2: Downlink TBF Threshold from CS3 to CS2
- DNTHDCSDEGRADE3: Downlink TBF Threshold from CS4 to CS3
Note: For more details on how to cope with Abis interface congestion refer to
HUA_2G_Capacity_Optimization_v1.0.pptx document from Multivendor Team in IMS.
4.Um interface:
- Check if TCH congestion exists on air interface. High CS usage will leave less dynamic
PDCHs free for PS service. Refer to Case 4 of present document for handling suggestions on
TCH blocking.
- Check Radio quality in the cell. Bad quality will negatively affect throughput. Refer to Case 7
of present document for more details on RxQual measurements.
- Check UL interference in the cell. High interference will negatively affect UL throughput.
Refer to Case 8 of present document for more details on UL interference measurements.
Check amount of SMS. Check and verify with Core engineers SMS Center parameterization.
- A3030B: CELL_ESTB_IND_MOC_SMS_SD: Number of Call Setup Indications for SMS on
SDCCH
- CA3340: CELL_Pt_to_Pt_SMS_SD: Number of Point-to-Point Short Messages on SDCCH
(includes UL+DL)
Check if cell is in LA border: if yes, then we can increase CRH parameter value
- CRH: Cell Reselect Hysteresis Parameters (Cell reselection hysteresis. This is one of the
parameters used for deciding whether to reselect cells in different location areas.)
Check whether moving LA borders (if possible to move) could help relieving the congestion.
Check the pattern of LAU requests. Check hours and duration of high number of such requests.
Check whether the problem is constant throughout the day or it occurs only during 1 hour for
example. If the problem occurs only on specific hour of day check if it is worth acting to solve it
(costs vs. benefits).
4. Activate SDCCH dynamic conversion feature: Dynamic SDCCH conversion can be triggered
if the SDCCH resource is insufficient or the SDCCH allocation fails during the channel
assignment
- SDDYN: SDCCH Dynamic Allocation Allowed (Whether to allow SDCCH dynamic allocation,
that is, whether to allow dynamic conversion between TCHs and SDCCHs.)
- IDLESDTHRES: Idle SDCCH Threshold N1 (When the number of idle SDCCH channels in a
cell is smaller than this parameter, the system searches for available TCHs and transforms them
into SDCCH channels)
- CELLMAXSD: Cell SDCCH Channel Maximum (Maximum number of SDCCHs in the cell.
Before converting a TCH into an SDCCH, the BSC compares the number of SDCCHs after the
conversion in the cell with "Cell SDCCH Channel Maximum". If the number of SDCCHs after
the conversion in the cell exceeds this parameter, the BSC does not convert the TCH into an
SDCCH.)
6. Add TRX
Note: for more details on SDCCH capacity optimisation check
HUA_2G_Capacity_Optimization_v1.0.pptx document from Multivendor Team in IMS.
Call Drops on Radio Interface (SDCCH): the drop is due to radio. Check for missing
neighbours. Check radio environment/signal strength at drop points. Adjust antenna parameters
appropriately to improve coverage if this is the problem. Check whether the drops are during
handover. Check interference.
Call Drops due to No MRs from MS for a Long Time (SDCCH): After seizing an SDCCH, the
MS sends a measurement report to the BSC every 470 ms. When the BSC does not receive a
measurement report within a certain period of time, the BSC sends a CLEAR REQUEST
message to the MSC to release the call, and this counter is incremented by one. Check UL
coverage and quality (interference). Check for possible MS problem.
Call Drops due to Abis Terrestrial Link Failure (SDCCH): transmission problem on Abis.
Check relative alarms.
Call Drops Due to Equipment Failure (SDCCH): BSC hardware or software failure. Check
alarms to discover the exact cause.
Call Drops due to Forced Handover (SDCCH): After an MS seizes a channel, if the system
initiates a forced handover and the handover fails, the BSC may initiate a call release procedure.
Check why the handover failed: Timer expired? Check whether the emergency handover is due
to preemption, or blocking of cell/TRX/channel.
3. CSSR (1)
- KPI formula:
BSS Call Setup Success Rate = (([Immediate Assignment Success Rate]*[TCH Assignment
Success Rate])*(1-[SDCCH Drop Rate]))*{100}
2.Examine at which point most of the failures appear by checking thoroughly the 3 component-
KPIs. Find out the corresponding failure causes for Immediate Assignment, Assignment and
SDCCH Drops.
If Immediate Assignment failures are due to no channel available (point A in Figure 2), this
means that there is SDCCH congestion. Refer to Case 1 of present document for handling.
If Immediate Assignment failures are due to channel activation failure or channel activation
timeout (points B, C in Figure 2) check hardware/software alarms.
(1) Failures due to mismatch between the state machine of the BSC and the ASS REQ message
or due to the abnormality of the ASS REQ message:
- A3129I: CELL_ASS_FAIL_INVALID_STATE: This counter provides the number of ASS
FAIL messages sent by the BSC to the MSC when the BSC receives an ASS REQ message that
is not expected by the internal state machine of the BSC (for example, the state machine is in
release status).
(4) Failures due to the abnormality of terrestrial resources or the call clearing performed by the
MSC.
In case high SDCHH Drop Rate causes deterioration of CSSR, refer to Case 2 of present
document for handling.
- RACHACCLEV: RACH Min. Access Level This parameter affects the coverage area. If this
parameter is set to a higher value, the actual coverage area of the network becomes small; if this
parameter is set to a lower value, call drops are likely to occur because of invalid access or too
weak access signals, thus decreasing the success rate of BSS call setup.
- RACHBUSYTHRED: RACH Busy Threshold This parameter affects the coverage area. If this
parameter is set to a higher value, the actual coverage area of the network becomes small; if this
parameter is set to a lower value, call drops are likely to occur because of invalid access or too
weak access signals, thus decreasing the success rate of BSS call setup.
- RANERRTHRED: Random Access Error Threshold This parameter affects the coverage area. If
this parameter is set to a higher value, the actual coverage area of the network becomes small; if
this parameter is set to a lower value, call drops are likely to occur because of invalid access or
too weak access signals, thus decreasing the success rate of BSS call setup.
- CIC No. The values of CICs must be consistent with that on the MSC side.
- Directed retry
When TCHs in a cell are insufficient, TCHs in other cells can be assigned through directed retry,
thus increasing the BSS CSSR. By default, this function is enabled.
- Flex Abis
This function is implemented in the BSC6000V900R003 and later versions. This function
enables dynamic assignment of Abis timeslots to more efficiently utilize the Abis link resources;
however, assignment may fail because of congestion on the Abis links. This function may
decrease the BSS CSSR.
Analysis process:
1.High TCH blocking means congestion on the Traffic Channel: there are not enough free TCHs
to accept new service requests.
2.Check cell traffic channel availability in order to verify that congestion is not due to
availability issue. Check cell alarms.
3.Check availability of neighboring sites. If neighboring cells are unavailable this will cause big
amount of HOs directed to our current cell thus leading to congestion.
4.Check cell traffic channel configuration. Check if all HR resources are in use before TCH
congestion occurs. Verify that HR is enabled. In case AMR is supported by the operator, verify
that is enabled.
5.Load balancing between cells: certain features can be activated to manage the traffic sharing
between cells:
- Enable LO handover algorithm: LoadHoEn: Load Handover Support
- Enable Directed Retry due to load: DIRECTRYEN: Directed Retry
- Concentric Cells: check relative parameters so as to implement optimal traffic sharing between
underlaid-overlaid cells.
- Enhanced Dual Band Network: check relative parameters so as to implement optimal traffic
sharing between underlaid-overlaid cells.
7.Check if additional capacity related features can be activated in the network in order to
improve the utilisation of TCH resources:
- BCCH Dense Frequency Multiplexing: enables the BCCHs to reuse frequencies more tightly
to free more frequencies for non-BCCH TRXs, thus increasing the system capacity.
TIGHTBCCHSWITCH: TIGHT BCCH Switch (Whether to enable the BCCH aggressive
frequency reuse algorithm)
- Interference Based Channel Allocation (IBCA): The IBCA algorithm requires the BSC to
estimate the C/I ratio of the new call in every channel assignment procedure; it also requires the
BSC to estimate the interference caused to the established calls on the network when an idle
channel is assigned to a new call. In this way, the optimal channel, that is, the one that meets the
C/I ratio requirement of the new call and causes the least interference to the established calls
after being occupied, is assigned to the new call to alleviate the interference and ensure the full
use of the frequency resources.
IBCAALLOWED: IBCA Allowed (Whether to enable the IBCA algorithm)
- Flex MAIO: BSC dynamically adjusts the MAIO according to the current interference level of
a channel when assigning an MAIO to the channel . FLEXMAIO: Start Flex MAIO Switch
(Whether to enable the function of Flex Mobile Allocation Index Offset)
8.If congestion is still present although the previous described fine tuning and features activation,
then:
- Check coverage: maybe network layout should be changed in traffic hot spots
- We can use TA distribution in order to identify traffic distribution among cells. In some cases
overshooting can be detected, so we can check the possibility to reduce service area of the
overshooting cell. Before doing so, we need, of course, to make sure that there is clear
dominance in the area that we are going to shrink serving cells coverage.
- Implement physical network changes where necessary and feasible: tilt, azimuth, antenna type,
etc.
- Add TRX
- Long term monitoring (e.g. one month) can be used to identify whether we have constant
growth in traffic in a site and area close by. If traffic increases in area level and we have already
high HR/AMR HR utilization then there are not too many other options than implement a new
site.
- Add Site
Check and tune appropriately, if needed, the values of the following parameters:
6. High HO fail
2.Check interference in source and target cells. High interference can cause handover failure.
3.Check whether ping-pong handover occurs due to no dominant server in the area. Ping-pong
may lead to HO failures.
- T3103A: Timer started after the BSC delivers a HANDOVER COMMAND in an intra-BSC
inter-cell handover. If the BSC receives a HANDOVER COMPLETE message before this timer
expires, the timer stops. If this timer expires, the BSC considers the handover as failed.
Recommended value: 10000 ms
- T7: Timer is started after the BSC sends the HO RQD to the MSC and waits for the HO CMD
command from the MSC in an inter-BSC inter-cell handover procedure. Recommended value:
10000 ms
- T8: After sending the HO CMD message to the MS, the BSC starts this timer to wait for the
CLEAR CMD message from the MSC in an inter-BSC inter-cell handover procedure.
Recommended value: 10000 ms
Paging Overload Rate PS = ([PACKET CCCH LOAD IND Messages Sent on Abis
Interface])/([Delivered Paging Messages for PS Service])*{100}
Analysis process:
1.High signalling failures before TBF establishment refers to failures on the CCCH. During one-
phase access or two-phase access on the CCCH, the MS fails to proceed to TBF establishment
process due to failures on the CCCH channel: AGCH or PCH. The failures most likely will be
due to CCCH congestion.
3.Check relative alarms on the BSC/BTS in order to locate any hardware/software fault.
4.If blocking is the problem, proceed to the following steps in order to relieve congestion on the
CCCH.
- BSPAMFRAMS: Multi-Frames in a Cycle on the Paging CH. Value range: 2-9. Value depends
on paging load. Increase value when paging load increases. Value should be kept as small as
possible.
- PAGTIMES: Paging Times. Value range: 1-8 (For the BTS, this parameter is used to determine
paging retransmissions. This parameter and the number of paging times configured in the MSC
determine the number of paging retransmissions.)
6.Check if Flow Control feature is enabled. Recommendation is that Flow Control is always
enabled. Flow Control, controls the arrival of paging messages on the A interface (MSC-BSC)
and on the LAPD links (BSC-BTS).
9.Consider splitting cells in the paging overload area. This will grow CCCH capacity.