MICROWAVE MULTIPLE CHOICE C.

1 GHz
QUESTIONS D. 100 MHz

1. __________ is the progressive 6. Theoretically electromagnetic

decrease of signal strength with radiation field strength varies in inverse
increasing distance. proportion to the square of the distance,
but when atmospheric attenuation
A. Radiation effects and the absorption of the terrain
B. Attenuation are taken into account the attenuation
C. Modulation can be as high as the inverse _______
D. Propagation power of the distance.

2. Calculate the effective earths radius A. Third

if the surface refractivity is 301. B. Fourth
C. Fifth
A. 8493 km D. Sixth
B. 8493 mmi
C. 6370 km 7. What do you call an attenuation that
D. 6370 mi occurs over many different wavelengths
of the carrier?
3. If k-factor is greater than 1, the array
beam is bent A. Rayleigh fading
B. Rician fading
A. Away from the earth C. Wavelength fading
B. towards the ionosphere, D. Slow fading
C. towards the earth
D. towards the outer space 8. Which of the reception problems
below that is not due to multipath?
4. the antenna separations (in meters)
required for optimum operation of a A. Delayed spreading
space diversity system can be B. Rayleigh fading
calculated from: C. Random Doppler shift
D. Slow fading
A. S = 2R/L
B. S = 3R/L 9. Which causes multipath or frequency-
C. S = R/RL selective fading?
D. S = R/L
A. Small reflector
where R = effective earth radius (m) and B. Nearer reflector
L = path length (m) C. Further reflector
D. Large reflector
5. Rainfall is an important factor for
fading of radio waves at frequencies 10. In microwave transmission using
above digital radio, what causes most
intersymbol interference?
A. 10 GHz
B. 100 GHz
 A. Delayed spreading A. traveling-wave tube
B. Rayleigh fading B. magnetron
C. Random Doppler shift C. reflex klystron
D. Slow fading D. Gunn diode

11. A shipboard equipment which 16. A traveling-wave tube (TWT)

measures the distance between the amplifies by virtue of
ships bottom and the ocean floor.
A. The absorption of energy by
A. Fathometer the signal from an electron
B. Echosounder stream
C. LORAN B. The effect of an external
D. SONAR magnetic field
C. The energy contained the
12. The cavity resonator cavity resonators
D. The energy liberated form the
A. Is equivalent to an LC collector
resonant circuit
B. In a reflect klystron has its 17. What is the purpose of the
output taken from the reflector electromagnetic field which surrounds a
plate traveling-wave tube?
C. Produces a frequency which is
independent of the cavity size. A. To accelerate the electron
D. Has a low Q factor for narrow B. To velocity modulate the
operation. electron beam
C. To keep the electrons from
13. At what position is the input signal spreading out
inserted into a traveling-wave tube? D. To slow down the signal on
the helix
A. At the cathode end of the helix
B. At the collector 18. Which of the following is used as an
C. At the collector end of the helix oscillator device in the SHF band?
D. At the control grid of the
electron gun A. Thyratron tube
B. Tunnel diode
14. Coupling into and out of a traveling- C. Klystron tube
wave tube can be accompanied by a D. Both B and C

A. Waveguide match 19. Microwave frequencies are normally

B. Cavity match regarded as those in the range of
C. Direct coax-helix match
D. All of the above A. 1 to 500 MHz
B. 1000 to 10,000 GHz
15. a high-power microwave pulse of the C. 1 to 100 GHz
order of megawatts can be generated by D. 10 to 1000 GHz
a
20. The highest frequency which a A. mode
conventional vacuum-tube oscillator can B. /2 mode
generate is not limited by the C. 2 mode
D. /4 mode
A. Electron transit time
B. Distributed lead inductance 24. The Gunn diode oscillator
C. Inter-electrode capacitance
D. Degree of emission from the A. Is capable of generating
cathode continuous microwave power of
the order of kilowatt
21. As the electron beam moves B. Generates frequencies which
through a klystrons intercavity drift are below 100 MHz
space C. Operates over a positive
resistance characteristic
A. Frequency modulation at the D. Depends on the formation of
input cavity creates velocity charge domain
modulation at the output cavity
B. Velocity modulation at the 25. What ferrite device can be used
input cavity creates density instead of duplexer of isolate microwave
modulation at the output cavity transmitter and receiver when both are
C. Density modulation at the connected to the same antenna?
input cavity creates velocity
modulation at the output cavity A. Isolator
D. Phase modulation at the input B. Magnetron
cavity creates velocity modulation C. Simplex
at the output cavity. D. Circulator

22. The frequency of the oscillation 26. To achieve good bearing resolution
generated by a magnetron, is mainly when using a pulsed-radar set, an
determined by important requirement is

A. The flux density of the external A. A narrow, antenna-beam width

magnet in the vertical plane
B. The ratio of the dc cathode B. A narrow, antenna-beam width
voltage to the magnetic flux in the horizontal plane
density C. A low repetition rate
C. The number of the cavity D. A high duty cycle
resonators
D. The dimension of each cavity 27. When used in conjunction with a
resonator radar set, the purpose of an echo box is
to provide an artificial target.
23. If the instantaneous RF potentials on
the two sides of a magnetron cavity are A. Which may be used to tune
of opposite polarity, the operation is in the radar synchronizer
the B. Which may be used to tune
the radar receiver
 C. To the tone of the pulse D. Duplexer stage
repetition
D. Tune the magnetron to the 33. A Class-S Emergency Position-
correct frequency Indicating Radio Beacon (E.P.I.R.B)

28. In a radar-set receiver, the usual A. Must be capable of floating or

mixer stage is being secured to a survival
B. Must have its battery replaced
A. And FET after emergency use
B. A tunnel diode C. May be tested during the first
C. A silicon crystal five minutes of any hour
D. A Rochelle salts crystal D. All of these

29. Klystron oscillators are most often 34. A PPI cathode-ray tube as used on
used in the frequency range of a radar set

A. 300 to 3000 MHz A. Is used to check the

B. 3000 to 30000 MHz percentage of modulation
C. 30 to 30000 MHz B. Indicates both the range and
D. 10 to 10000 MHz azimuth of a target
C. Indicates only the range of a
30. Oscillators of a klystron tube are target
maintained D. Is used for receiver alignment

A. By bunches of electrons 35. The resonant frequency of a cavity

passing the cavity grids resonator depends upon
B. By plate-to-cathode feedback
C. By feedback between the A. The mode of operation
accelerating grid and the repeller B. Its electrical dimensions
D. By circulating bunches of C. Its physical dimensions
electrons within the cavities. D. The capacitor which tunes it

31. What allow microwave to pass in 36. The maximum usable range of the
only one direction? usual radar set (on any particular range
setting) is determined by
A. RF emitter
B. Capacitor A. The width of the transmitted
C. Varactor-triac pulses
D. Ferrite emitter B. The interval between
transmitted pulses
32. In an SHF pulsed radar set, a reflex C. The bandwidth of the receiver
klystron can be used as a IF stages
D. The duty cycle
A. Single mixer stage
B. Local oscillator 37. A reflex klystron is oscillating at the
C. Transmitter oscillator frequency of its resonant cavity. If the
reflector voltage is made slightly less output of 100 kilowatts. Its average
negative, the power is

A. Oscillation will cease A. 10,000 watts

B. Output power would increase B. 100 watts
C. The frequency will decrease C. 1,000 watts
D. Bunching would occur earlier D. 1,000,000 watts
in time
42. The aquadag coating on the inside
38. The coarse frequency adjustment of of PPI tube is used
a reflex klystron is accomplished by
A. To focus the beam of primary
A. The AFC system electrons
B. Adjusting the flexible wall of B. To shield the electron beam
the resonant cavity from unidirectional magnetic
C. An adjustment in the C. As a second anode and to
synchronizer prevent the build-up of secondary
D. Varying the repeller voltage field
D. All of these
39. In a pulsed radar set, the STC circuit
is used to 43. If the duration of the radar
transmitted pulse, on a particular range
A. Improve the target bearing of operation, is increased, the required
resolution bandwidth of the receivers IF amplifiers
B. Increases receiver sensitivity
for echoes from targets A. Must remain as before
C. Vary the pulse frequency in B. Must be increased
order to control the maximum C. May be decreased
target D. Must be doubled
D. Reduce interference from the
effects of sea return 44. The main frequency determining
element of a klystron is
40. In a pulsed radar set, the function of
the duplexer is to A. The repeller voltage
B. The accelerating voltage
A. Aid in calibrating the display C. Its resonant cavity
unit D. Its mode of operation
B. Prevent frequency drift in the
klystron 45. A thin layer of dirt and grime coverts
C. Allow the transmitter and the the reflecting surface of the parabolic
receiver to operate from a dish of a radar set. The particular effect
common antenna on the performance of the radar will be
D. All of these
A. A decrease in range
41. A magnetron is operated at a duty B. A reduction in horizontal
cycle of 0.001. It has a peak power resolution
 C. No noticeable effect 50. Which of the following operating
D. A decrease in gain frequencies is used for the modern loran
navigational system?
46. Which of the following permits a
microwave signal to travel in one A. Loran C: 100 kHz
direction with virtually no loss, but B. Loran D: 10.2 kHz
severely attenuates any signal C. Loran A: 1950 kHz
attempting to travel in the reverse D. Loran B: 900 kHz
direction?
51. Which ferrite device can be used
A. Isolator instead of a duplexer to isolate a
B. Wave trap microwave transmitter and receiver
C. Tunnel diode when both are connected to the same
D. Circulator antenna?

47. It is possible to increase the A. Isolator

maximum range of a radar equipment B. Magnetron
by C. Simplex
D. Circulator
A. Lowering the pulse frequency
B. Raising the peak power of the 52. The pulse frequency is equal to
transmitter
C. Narrowing the beam width and A. Duty cycle/pulse width
increasing the pulse duration B. The reciprocal of the pulse
D. All of these repetition rate
C. Pulse width x peak
48. When it is desired that short-range power/average power
targets be clearly seen on a pulsed- D. All of these
radar set, it is important that the receiver
and display system have 53. In a radar set, a blocking oscillator
can be used to
A. A long time constant
B. Low-pass filters A. Act as the local oscillator
C. The shortest possible time converter stage
D. The restricted high-frequency B. Provide the sweep voltage for
response the PPI tube
C. Produce a trigger pulse for the
49. Which of the following is used as a transmitter
high power microwave oscillator? D. As a single local oscillator
converter stage
A. Thyratron
B. Magnetron 54. The intensity of the echoes (target
C. Klystron definition) on a PPI display is
D. Reflex-klystron determined by the

A. Radio frequency
 B. Pulse frequency and antenna 59. Which of the following is the ferrite
rotation rate device that buffers a microwave source
C. Duty cycle from the effects of a varying load, and
D. Average power thereby prevents the formation of
standing waves?
55. A duplexer circuit allows a
transmitter and a receiver to operate A. Circulator
from the same antenna with virtually no B. Duplexer
interaction. This circuit may be replaced C. Isolator
by a (an) D. Diplexer

A. loss waveguide 60. Pulsed radar sets are primarily used

B. circulator to find the
C. isolator
D. gyrator A. Targets range and bearing
B. Size and speed of a target
56. Which of the following frequencies C. Speed and course of a target
are used by a class-C Emergency D. Targets range of speed
Position-Indicating Radio Beacon
(E.P.I.R.B)? 61. Which of the following factors is
mainly concerned in the design of an
A. 156.65 MHz antenna system for pulsed radar set?
B. 121.5 MHz
C. 156.76 MHz and 156.8 MHz A. Duty cycle
D. All of these B. Radio frequency
C. Pulse frequency
57. The repetition rate of a pulsed radar D. Pulse length
system indicates the
62. In a radar set receivers, an ac AFC
A. Frequency of the range- system may be used to
marker oscillator
B. Reciprocal of the duty cycle A. Automatically maintain the
C. Number of target echoes correct magnetron frequency
received on one second B. Keep the IF stages on
D. Frequencies of the duty cycle frequency
C. Maintain the desired klystron
58. The radar set, sensitivity-time frequency
control circuit D. Provide automatic control of
receiver gain
A. Controls the width of the
magnetron pulse 63. The input signal is introduced into
B. Is used to increase sea return the traveling-wave tube at the
C. Can reduce sea-return
response A. Cathode
D. Discriminates between targets B. Anode
that are very close together. C. Cathode end of the helix
 D. Collector end of the helix B. Simpler equipment
C. Greater transmission
64. The display on the PPI scope of a distances
radar set will have greater intensity D. More spectrum space for
under the following conditions signals

A. Higher antenna rotation 69. Radio communication are regulated

speeds in the Philippines by the
B. Lower pulse repetition rate
C. Lower antenna rotation A. DOTC
speeds B. KBP
D. Both lower antenna rotation C. NTC
speeds and higher pulse D. Department of Defense
repetition
70. Which of the following is not a
65. The operating frequency of loran C disadvantage of microwaves?
lies within the
A. Higher-cost equipment
A. LF band B. Line-of-sight transmission
B. VLF band C. Conventional components are
C. MF band not usable
D. HF band D. Circuits are more difficult to
analyze
66. The PPI tubes have an aquadag
coating on the inside of the tube. The 71. Which of the following is a
purpose of this coating is microwave frequency?

A. To act as the second anode A. 1.7 MHz

B. To shield the tube B. 750 MHz
magnetically C. 0.98 GHz
C. To decelerate the electron D. 22 GHz
beam
D. To deflect the electron beam 72. Which of the following is not a
common microwave application?
67. A traveling-wave tube Is used at
frequencies in the order of A. Radar
B. Mobile radio
A. 30 MHz C. Telephone
B. 300 MHz D. Satellite communications
C. 8000 MHz
D. 100 MHz 73. Coaxial cable is not widely used for
long microwave transmission lines
68. The main benefit of using because of its
microwaves is
A. High loss
A. Lower-cost equipment B. High cost
 C. Large size 79. When the electric field in a
D. Excessive radiation waveguide is perpendicular to the
direction of wave propagation, the mode
74. Stripline and microstrip transmission is said to be
lines are usually made with
A. Vertical polarization
A. Coax B. Horizontal polarization
B. Parallel wires C. Transverse electric
C. Twisted pair D. Transverse magnetic
D. PCBs
80. The dominant mode in most
75. The most common cross section of rectangular waveguide is
a waveguide is a
A. TE 1.0
A. Square B. TE 1.2
B. Circle C. TM 0.1
C. Triangle D. TM 1.1
D. Rectangle
81. A magnetic field is introduced into
76. A rectangular waveguide has a waveguide by a
width of 1 inch and a height of 0.6 in. Its
cutoff frequency is A. Probe
B. Dipole
A. 2.54 GHz C. Stripline
B. 3.0 GHz D. Capacitor
C. 5.9 GHz
D. 11.8 GHz 82. A half-wavelength, close section of a
waveguide that acts as a parallel
77. A waveguide has a cutoff frequency resonant circuit is known as a(n)
of 17 GHz. Which of the following
signals will not be passed by the A. Half-wave section
waveguide? B. Cavity resonator
C. LCR circuit
A. 15 GHz D. Directional coupler
B. 18 GHz
C. 22 GHz 83. Decreasing the volume of a cavity
D. 255 GHz causes its resonant frequency to

78. Signal propagation in a waveguide is A. Increase

by B. Decrease
C. Remain the same
A. Electrons D. Drop to zero
B. Holes
C. Electric and magnetic fields 84. __________ is a popular microwave
D. Air pressure mixer diode.
 A. Gunn 90. In a klystron amplifier, velocity
B. Varactor modulation of the electron beam is
C. Hot carrier produced by the
D. IMPATT
A. Collector
85. Varactor and step-recovery diodes B. Catcher cavity
are widely used in what type of circuit? C. Cathode
D. Buncher cavity
A. Amplifier
B. Oscillator 91. A reflex klystron is used as a(n)
C. Frequency multiplier
D. Mixer A. Amplifier
B. Oscillator
86. Which diode is a popular microwave C. Mixer
oscillator? D. Frequency multiplier

A. IMPATT 92. For proper operation, a magnetron

B. Gunn must be accompanied by a
C. Varactor
D. Schottky A. Cavity resonator
B. Strong electric field
87. Which type of diodes does not C. Permanent magnet
ordinarily operate with reverse bias? D. High dc voltage

A. Varactor 93. The operating frequency of klystrons

B. IMPATT and magnetrons is set by the
C. Snap-off
D. Tunnel A. Cavity resonators
B. DC supply voltage
88. Low-power Gunn diodes are C. Input signal frequency
replacing D. Number of cavities

A. Reflex klystrons 94. A magnetron is used only as a/an

B. TWTs
C. Magnetrons A. Amplifier
D. Varactor diodes B. Oscillator
C. Mixer
89. Which of the following is not a D. Frequency multiplier
microwave tube?
95. A common application for
A. Traveling-wave tube magnetron is in
B. Cathode-ray tube
C. Klystron A. Radar
D. Magnetron B. Satellites
C. Two-way radio
D. TV sets
96. In a TWT, the electron beam is A. 146.7 dB
density-modulated by a B. 142.55 dB
C. 82.5 dB
A. Permanent magnet D. 86.7 dB
B. Modulation transformer
C. Helix 102. An active microwave radio repeater
D. Cavity resonator that can provide drops and inserts.

97. The main advantage of a TWT over A. Broadband repeater

a klystron for microwave amplification is B. Baseband repeater
C. IF repeater
A. Lower cost D. RF repeater
B. Smaller size
C. Higher power 103. If the correction factor k equals 4/3
D. Wider bandwidth of the earths curvature, the microwave
beam would have a curvature that is
98. High-power TWTs are replacing ___________ than that of the earth.
what in microwave amplifiers?
A. More
A. MESFETs B. Less
B. Magnetrons C. Equal
C. Klystrons D. Not related
D. IMPATT diodes
104. The optimum clearance from an
99. The most widely used microwave obstacle in an microwave system is
antenna accepted as __________ of the first
fresnel zone radius.
A. Half-wave dipole
B. Parabolic A. 0.6
C. Hyperbolic B. 0.5
D. Horn C. 0.9
D. 1.5
100. ______________ is a measure of
reliability expressed as the average 105. The microwave beam curves the
number of hours between successive same than that of the earth when the
failures. value of the correction factor k equals

A. MTBF A. 0
B. MTTR B. 4/3
C. Downtime C. 2/3
D. Outage time D. Infinity

101. The free space attenuation 106. The time from the transmission of a
between two microwave antennas 40 radar pulse to its reception is 0.12 ms.
km apart operating at 8 GHz is The distance to the target is how many
nautical miles?
 A. 4.85 nmi B. Magnetron
B. 9.7 nmi C. TWT
C. 11.2 nmi D. Power transistor
D. 18.4 nmi
112. Low-power radar transmitters and
107. The ability of a radar to determine receivers use which component?
the bearing to a target depends upon
the A. GaAs FET
B. Magnetron
A. Antenna directivity C. Gunn diode
B. Speed of light D. Klystron
C. Speed of the target
D. Frequency of the signal 113. What component in a duplexer
protects the receiver from the higher
108. The pulse duration of a radar signal transmitter output?
is 699ns. The PRF is 185 pulses per
second. The duty cycle is A. Waveguide
B. Bandpass filter
A. 0.216 % C. Notch filter
B. 0.130 % D. Spark gap
C. 0.013 %
D. 0.407 % 114. Most radar antennas use a

109. The Doppler effect allows which A. Dipole

characteristics of a target to be B. Broadside array
measured? C. Horn and parabolic reflector
D. Collinear array
A. Distance
B. Azimuth 115. The most common radar display is
C. Altitude the
D. Speed
A. A scan
110. The Doppler effect is a change in B. Color CRT
what signal characteristics produced by C. LCD
relative motion between the radar set D. PPI
and a target?
116. A radar antenna using multiple
A. Amplitude diploes or slot antennas in a matrix with
B. Phase variable phase shifters is called a/an
C. Frequency
D. Duty cycle A. A scan
B. Phased array
111. The most widely used radar C. Broadside
transmitter component is a D. Circulator polarized array

A. Klystron
117. Which of the following is a typical A. Low pass filter
radar operating frequency? B. High pass filter
C. Band pass filter
A. 60 MHz D. Band stop filter
B. 450 MHz
C. 900 MHz 123. A method of diversity reception
D. 10 GHz where the signal is transmitted on two
difference frequencies over the same
118. A microwave system requires the path
use of repeaters when
A. Space diversity
A. The intervening terrain is B. Frequency diversity
favorable C. Polarization diversity
B. The distances involve are D. Wavelength diversity
grater
C. The required reliability is meet 124. A wire used to reduce the skin
D. The radio fading is effect
unacceptable
A. AWG # 14
119. Are transmission lines which B. AWG # 15
convey electromagnetic waves in C. Copper wire
highest frequencies D. Litz wire

A. Twister pair of telephone wires 125. Space diversity transmission

B. Waveguides means transmitting and receiving on two
C. Power lines or more.
D. Coaxial cables
A. Different frequencies
120. A microwave band of 10.9 to 36. B. Antennas operating on two
GHz is considered as different frequencies
C. Antennas operating on the
A. C-band same frequencies
B. X-band D. Identical frequencies
C. Q-band
D. K-band 126. The best system configuration to
overcome multipath fading of microwave
121. A microwave communications system over the water
system space loss calculation formula.
A. Space diversity
A. 94.2 + 20 log f + 20 log d B. Frequency diversity
B. 92.4 + 20 log f + 20 log d C. Polarization diversity
C. 94.2 + 10 log f + 20 log d D. Wavelength diversity
D. 92.3 + 10 log f + 20 log d
127. When the value of k increases, the
122. A waveguide is also a effective result is _______ of the
equivalent curvature
 A. Flattening 132. What is the wavelength of a wave
B. Bulging in a waveguide?
C. Sharp curvature
D. All of these A. Greater than in free space
B. Depends only on the
128. A traveling wave tube consists of waveguide dimensions and the
free-space wavelength
A. Electron gun, helix and C. Inversely proportional to the
repeller phase velocity
B. Electron gun, helix and D. Inversely proportional to the
collector group velocity
C. Electron gun, repeller and
collector 133. The CCIR hypothetical reference
D. Buncher cavity and catcher circuit covering a distance of 25000 km
cavity consists of a total of how many hops?

129. Advantage of periscope antenna in A. 5

microwave B. 10
C. 24
A. Reduce tower height D. 54
B. Minimize interference to and
from other neighboring stations 134. Water causes more attenuation
C. Shorten waveguide length particularly on what frequency?
D. Easy to install
A. 20 GHz
130. What is the cut-off frequency of a B. 63 GHz
waveguide? C. 183 GHz
D. 202 GHz
A. The highest frequency the
waveguide operates 135. At what frequency does oxygen
B. The lowest frequency the cause excessive attenuation?
waveguide operates
C. The same as the operating A. 60 GHz
frequency B. 50 GHz
D. The only frequency the C. 40 GHz
waveguide operates. D. 30 GHz

131. When the clearance above the 136. Which of the following is an
obstruction is equal to the radii of even atmospheric attenuation?
fresnel zones at the point of reflection.
The RSL is A. Attenuation due to water vapor
and oxygen
A. Increased B. Attenuation due to mist and
B. Decreased fog
C. Constant C. Attenuation due to other gases
D. Above threshold D. Attenuation due to rain.
137. A microwave system operating at A. Pulse width
the 6 GHz band is carrying 600 voice B. Pulse interval
channels. What is the noise loading C. Peak transmit power
power in dBmO? D. All of these

A. 12.78 143. EADI stands for

B. 26.78
C. 27.78 A. Electronic Air Data Indicator
D. 10.25 B. Electronic Altitude and
Distance Indicator
138. _________ is a microwave link C. Electronic Altitude and
between the down-town terminal and Director Indicator
another out of town terminal. D. Electronic Air and Distance
Indicator
A. STL
B. Uplink 144. Which aircraft navigational system
C. Downlink determines the time to station (TTS) or
D. Terrestrial time to go (TTG)?

139. Attenuator is used in the traveling A. ADF

wave tube to B. DME
C. Timer
A. Prevent oscillation D. ATC
B. Increase gain
C. Prevent saturation 145. What frequency does a radio
D. All of these altimeter operate?

140. Is a method of diversity reception A. 33500 kHz

applied to reflective path to reduce B. 43000 kHz
fading. C. 33500 MHz
D. 43500 MHz
A. Frequency diversity
B. Space diversity 146. What inflight system allows
C. Polarization diversity passengers to make telephone calls,
D. Wavelength diversity send faxes, and computer data shop
and play computer games, etc.?
141. What is the effective earths radius
used in communications design? A. Inflight Satellite System
B. Terrestrial Flight Telephone
A. 4000 miles System
B. K x 4000 miles C. World Airline Entertainment
C. 5000 miles System
D. K x 5280 miles D. Satellite Phone

142. IF bandwidth of a radar system is 147. ADF stands for

inversely proportional to
 A. Audio Direction Findings d. Needs a long transit time
B. Automatic Direction Finder through the buncher cavity to
C. Alternate Direction Finder ensure current modulation
D. Automatic Distance Finder
153. What is the effective radiated
148. RF carrier of the middle marker is power of a repeater with 450 W
modulated at ____ Hz. transmitting power output, 4 dB feedline
loss, 6dB duplexer loss, and 7 dB
A. 1300 circulator and feedline loss and antenna
B. 1400 gain of 25 dB?
C. 1500
D. 1600 a. 2893.31 W
b. 2523.83 W
149. Which of the following is c. 2839.31 W
considered as the major advantage of d. 2425.38 W
using a helix traveling wave tube?
154. Magnetron oscillator are used for
A. Cheaper
B. Less noise a. Generating SHF signals
C. High power b. Multiplexing
D. Wide bandwidth c. Generating rich harmonics
d. FM demodulation
150. RADAR stands for
155. A microwave tube which has the
A. Radio Distance and Ranging advantage of having a high efficiency
B. Radio Detection and Ranging
C. Radio Direction and Ranging a. Cross-field amplifier
D. Radio Distance and Range b. Helix traveling wave tube
c. Klystron
151. Attenuator is used in the travelling d. Gridded tube
wave tube to
156. What term is used to describe the
a. Help bunching variation in a microwave oscillator
b. Prevent oscillations frequency caused by power supply
c. Prevent saturation voltage or current changes?
d. Increase gain
a. Frequency pulling
152. The multicavity klystron b. Frequency pushing
c. Post-tuning drift
a. Is not a good low-level d. Tuning sensitivity
amplifier because of noise
b. Has a high repeller voltage to 157. A rectangular waveguide has a
ensure a rapid transmit time width of 1.2 in and a height of 0.7 in. the
c. Is not suitable for pulsed waveguide will pass all signals above __
operation GHz.
 a. 4 GHz c. -60 dBm
b. 8.44 GHz d. -100 dBm
c. 10 GHz
d. 4.92 GHz 163. A line-of-sight radio link operating
at a frequency of 6GHz has a separation
158. Waveguides are of $0 km between antennas. An
obstacle in the path is located 10 km
a. A hollow tube that carries HF from the transmitting antenna. By how
b. Solid conductors of RF much must the beam clear the
c. Coaxial cables obstacle?
d. Copper wire
a. 11.6 m
159. A TWT is sometimes preferred to b. 13.4 m
the multi-cavity klystron amplifier c. 19.34 m
because the former d. 22.33 m

a. Is more efficient 164. AM isolator

b. Has a greater bandwidth
c. Has a higher number of modes a. Acts a buffer between
d. Produces a higher output microwave oscillators coupled to
power a waveguide
b. Acts as a buffer to protect a
160. Variation in oscillator frequency microwave oscillator form
with changes in load SWR variations in the load changes
c. Shields UHF circuits from RF
a. Frequency pulling transmitter
b. Frequency pushing d. Both a and b
c. Post-tuning drift
d. Tuning sensitivity 165. What is the effective earths radius
when Ns = 300?
161. It is the frequency change of an
electronically tuned oscillator at a a. 8500 km
specified time after it has reached its b. 9320 km
desired frequency c. 5600 km
d. 4850 km
a. Frequency pulling
b. Frequency pushing 166. What is the power level of the
c. Post-tuning drift largest signal that will still be in the
d. Tuning sensitivity square-law range of a Schottky diode?

162. What is the power level of the a. -20 dBm

smallest signal that can be detected b. 0 dBm
above the noise by a Schottky diode? c. -60 dBm
d. -100 dBm
a. -20 dBm
b. 0 dBm
167. A component that combines c. Group velocity
microwave signals from separate d. Phase velocity
transmission lines into one common
transmission line and allows no coupling 172. Which of the following is a method
between the separate lines of modulating digital signals onto a
microwave carrier?
a. Isolator
b. Circulator a. FSK
c. Directional coupler b. Biphase
d. Combiner c. Quadraphase
d. All of the above
168. Telemetry is a microwave
communications system which operates 173. Suppose that the transmitter and
at receiver towers have equal height. How
high would they have to be to
a. 600 MHz communicate over a distance of 34 km?
b. 3.9 GHz
c. 4 GHz a. 23.5 m
d. 2 GHz b. 28.47 m
c. 17 m
169. What is the maximum power that d. 8.47 m
can be obtained from a microwave
semiconductor? 174. In microwave communications
system, for a carrier frequency of 6 GHz
a. 1 W and a distance of 40 km, determine the
b. 500 mW free-space path loss in dB.
c. 10 W
d. 4 W a. 80 dB
b. 84.2 dB
170. The cavity magnetron uses c. 140 dB
strapping to d. 144.2 dB

a. Prevent mode-jumping 175. A microwave relay repeater that

b. Prevent cathode back-heating receives the modulated microwave
c. Ensure bunching carrier and obtains the baseband signal
d. Improve the phase-focusing from it, and them modulates the
effect baseband signal onto another carries
and retransmit the new carrier with the
171. As a result of reflections from a baseband modulated onto it
plane conducting wall, electromagnetic
waves acquire an apparent velocity a. Heterodyne repeater
greater that the velocity of light in space. b. Baseband repeater
This is called the c. RF repeater
d. Regenerative repeater
a. Velocity of propagation
b. Normal velocity
176. Which is the frequency range of the b. Because it is simpler than any
most common industrial microwave other join
relay band? c. To compensate for
discontinuities at the join
a. 6.575-6.875 GHz d. To increase the bandwidth of
b. 3.7-4.2 GHz the system
c. 5.925-6.425 GHz
d. 10.7-11.7 GHz\ 181. A PIN diode is

177. When a particular mode is excited a. A metal semiconductor point-

in a waveguide, there appears an extra contact diode
electric component, in the direction of b. A microwave mixer diode
propagation. The resulting mode is c. Often used a microwave
detector
a. Transverse-electric d. Suitable for use as a
b. Transverse-magnetic microwave switch
c. Longitudinal
d. Transverse-electromagnetic 182. For some applications, circular
waveguides may be used preferred to
178. Waveguide construction rectangular ones because

a. Should not use silver plating a. The smaller cross section

b. Should not use copper needed at any frequency
c. Should not have short vertical b. Lower attenuation
runs c. Freedom from spurious modes
d. Should not have long d. Rotation of polarization
horizontal runs
183. A circulator
179. In a microwave system, the
antenna sees a sky temperature of 120 a. Cools dc motors during heavy
K, and the antenna feedline has a loss loads
of 3 dB. Calculate the noise temperature b. Allows two or more antennas
of the antenna/feedline system, to feed one transmitter
referenced to the receiver input. c. Allows one antenna to feed two
separate microwave transmitters
a. 205 K and receivers at the same time
b. 233.33 K d. Insulates UHF frequencies on
c. 182 K transmission lines
d. 210 K
184. What is the free-space loss in dB
180. A choke flange may be used to between two microwave parabolic
couple two waveguides antennas 38 km apart operating at 7
GHz?
a. To help in the alignment of the
waveguides a. 85.10 dB
b. 80.90 dB
 c. 140.90 dB 189. A microwave device which is
d. 145.10 dB unlikely to be used a pulsed device. It is
based on the principle of operation of a
185. A ruby maser amplifier must be traveling wave tube.
cooled
a. Multicavity klyston
a. Because the maser b. Cross-field amplifier (CFA)
amplification generates a lot of c. Backward wave oscillator
heat (BWO)
b. To increase bandwidth d. Coaxial magnetron
c. Because it cannot operate at
room temperature 190. A magnetic field is used in the
d. To improve the noise cavity magnetron to
performance
a. Prevent anode current in the
186. The glass tube of a TWT may be absence of oscillations
coated with aquadag to b. Ensure that the oscillations are
pulsed
a. Help focusing c. Help in focusing the electron
b. Provide attenuation beam thus preventing spreading
c. Improve bunching d. Ensure that the electors will
d. Increase gain orbit around the cathode

187. An antenna covering that the 191. In a micro wave communications

transmitted or receives microwave system, if the minimum carrier-to-noise
power can pass through, used to protect (C/N) requirements for a receiver with a
the antenna and the antenna feed from 10MHz bandwidth is 22 dB, the
weather minimum receive carrier power is

a. Shroud a. -82 dB
b. Sub-reflector b. 76 dBm
c. Radome c. 84 dB
d. Offset antenna d. -82 dBm

188. Waveguide are 192. A rectangular waveguide used for

microwave transmission has a width of
a. Used exclusively in high 1.4 inches and a height of 0.8 inches. All
frequency power supplies signals above __ GHz will be passed by
b. Ceramic couplers attached to the waveguide.
the antenna terminals
c. High-pass filters used at low a. 4.3 GHz
radio frequencies b. 2 GHz
d. Hollow metal conductors used c. 4.2 GHz
to carry high-frequency current d. 5 GHz
193. A pyramidal horn has an aperture a. Prevent the electron beam
(opening) of 58 mm in the E plane and from spreading in the long tube
78 mm in the H plane. It operates at 14 b. Reduce the axial velocity of the
GHz. Calculate the gain in dBi. RF field
c. Ensure broadband operation
a. 19.29 d. Reduce the noise figure
b. 24.14
c. 15.8 198. A microwave device which allows
d. 19.31 RF energy to pass through in one
direction with very little loss, but absorbs
194. A magnetron whose oscillating RF power in the opposite direction
frequency is electronically adjustable
over a wide range is called a a. Circulator
b. Wave trap
a. Coaxial magnetron c. Multiplexer
b. Dither-tuned magnetron d. Isolator
c. Frequency agile magnetron
d. VTM 199. A parametric amplifier must be
cooled
195. Conductance takes place in a
waveguide a. Because parametric
amplification generates a lot of
a. By inter-electron delay heat
b. Through electrostatic field b. To increase bandwidth
reluctance c. Because it cannot operate at
c. In the same manner as a room temperature
transmission line d. To improve the noise
d. Through electromagnetic and performance
electrostatic fields in the walls of
the waveguide 200. For low attenuation, the best
transmission medium is
196. Indicate the false statement.
Klystron amplifiers may use a. Flexible waveguide
intermediate cavities to b. Ridged waveguide
c. Rectangular waveguide
a. Prevent the oscillations that d. Coaxial line
occurs in two-cavity klystrons
b. Increase the bandwidth of the
device
c. Improve power gain ANSWER KEY
d. Increase the efficiency of the
klystron 1. Attenuation

197. The primary purpose of the helix in 2. 8493 km

a traveling wave tube is to 3. towards the earth
4. S = 3R/L
5. 10 GHz 28. A silicon crystal
6. Sixth 29. 3000 to 30000 MHz
7. Slow fading 30. By bunches of electrons passing the
cavity grids
8. Slow fading
31. Ferrite emitter
9. Large reflector
32. Local oscillator
10. Delayed spreading
33. All of these
11. SONAR
34. Indicates both the range and
12. Is equivalent to an LC resonant azimuth of a target
circuit
35. Its physical dimensions
13. 2000 Hz
36. The interval between transmitted
14. All of the above pulses
15. magnetron 37. The frequency will decrease
16. The absorption of energy by the 38. Adjusting the flexible wall of the
signal from an electron stream resonant cavity
17. To keep the electrons from 39. Reduce interference from the effects
spreading out of sea return
18. Both B and C 40. Allow the transmitter and the
19. 1 to 100 GHz receiver to operate from a common
antenna
20. Degree of emission from the
cathode 41. 100 watts
21. Velocity modulation at the input 42. As a second anode and to prevent
cavity creates density modulation at the the build-up of secondary field
output cavity 43. May be decreased
22. The dimension of each cavity 44. Its resonant cavity
resonator
45. No noticeable effect
23. mode
46. Isolator
24. Depends on the formation of charge
domain 47. All of these
25. Circulator 48. The shortest possible time
26. A narrow, antenna-beam width in 49. Magnetron
the horizontal plane
50. Loran C: 100 kHz
27. Which may be used to tune the
radar receiver 51. Circulator
52. Duty cycle/pulse width
53. Produce a trigger pulse for the 80. TE 1.0
transmitter
81. Probe
54. Pulse frequency and antenna
rotation rate 82. Cavity resonator
83. Decrease
55. circulator
56. 156.76 MHz and 156.8 MHz 84. Hot carrier

57. Frequencies of the duty cycle 85. Frequency multiplier

58. Can reduce sea-return response 86. Gunn

59. Isolator 87. Tunnel

60. Targets range and bearing 88. Reflex klystrons

89. Cathode-ray tube
61. Radio frequency
62. Maintain the desired klystron 90. Catcher cavity
frequency 91. Oscillator
63. Cathode end of the helix 92. Permanent magnet
64. Both lower antenna rotation speeds 93. Cavity resonators
and higher pulse repetition
94. Oscillator
65. LF band
95. Radar
66. To act as the second anode
96. Helix
67. 8000 MHz
97. Wider bandwidth
68. More spectrum space for signals
98. Klystrons
69. NTC
99. Horn
70. Higher-cost equipment
100. MTBF
71. 22 GHz
101. 142.55 dB
72. Mobile radio
102. Baseband repeater
73. High loss
103. More
74. PCBs
104. 0.6
75. Rectangle
105. Infinity
76. 5.9 GHz
106. 9.7 nmi
77. 15 GHz
107. Antenna directivity
78. Electric and magnetic fields
108. 0.013 %
79. Transverse electric
109. Speed
110. Frequency 138. Terrestrial
111. Magnetron 139. Prevent oscillation
112. Gunn diode 140. Space diversity
113. Spark gap 141. K x 4000 miles
114. Horn and parabolic reflector 142. Pulse width
115. PPI 143. Electronic Altitude and Director
Indicator
116. Phased array
144. DME
117. 10 GHz
145. 43500 MHz
118. The distances involve are grater
146. Terrestrial Flight Telephone
119. Waveguides
System
120. K-band 147. Automatic Direction Finder
121. 92.4 + 20 log f + 20 log d 148. 1300
122. High pass filter 149. 6 AND gates and one 4-bit binary
123. Frequency diversity adder
124. Litz wire 150. Radio Detection and Ranging
125. Antennas operating on the same 151. Prevent oscillations
frequencies 152. Is not a good low-level amplifier
126. Frequency diversity because of noise
127. Flattening 153. 2839.31 W
128. Electron gun, helix and collector 154. Generating SHF signals
129. Shorten waveguide length 155. Cross-field amplifier
130. The lowest frequency the 156. Frequency pushing
waveguide operates 157. 4.92 GHz
131. Decreased 158. A hollow tube that carries HF
132. Greater than in free space 159. Has a greater bandwidth
133. 54 160. Frequency pulling
134. 183 GHz 161. Post-tuning drift
135. 60 GHz 162. -60 dBm
136. Attenuation due to water vapor and 163. 11.6 m
oxygen
164. Both a and b
137. 12.78
165. 8500 km 190. Ensure that the electors will orbit
around the cathode
166. -20 dBm
191. -82 dBm
167. Combiner
192. 4.3 GHz
168. 2 GHz
193. 19.29
169. 10 W
194. VTM
170. Prevent mode-jumping
195. Through electromagnetic and
171. Phase velocity electrostatic fields in the walls of the
172. All of the above waveguide
173. 17 m 196. Prevent the oscillations that occurs
in two-cavity klystrons
174. 140 dB
197. Reduce the axial velocity of the RF
175. Baseband repeater field
176. 6.575 - 6.875 GHz 198. Isolator
177. Transverse-magnetic 199. To improve the noise performance
178. Should not have long horizontal 200. Rectangular waveguide
runs
179. 205 K
180. To compensate for discontinuities
at the join
181. Suitable for use as a microwave
switch
182. Lower attenuation
183. Allows one antenna to feed two
separate microwave transmitters and
receivers at the same time
184. 140.90 dB
185. Because it cannot operate at room
temperature
186. Provide attenuation
187. Radome
188. Hollow metal conductors used to
carry high-frequency current
189. Backward wave oscillator (BWO)