Tanvir Ahmed

SUST

Unit digit problems

1. What is the units digit of 18! + 4!?

Solution: 1! = 1 Basic information

Consider the no 1234
2! = 2
Here
3! = 6
4 - Units digit
4! = 24 3 - Tens
5! = 120 2 - Hundreds
6! = 720 1 - Thousands
7! = 5040

We can see that the any number's factorial, if that number is greater than 4 will have a
units digit of 0. 18! = Has units digit as 0, 4! = Has units digit 4. So, Units digit of 18! +
4! Will be 4.

2. What is the units digit of 17^7?

Solution: 7^1=7
7^2=49
7^3=343
7^4=1(last digit)
7^5=7(last digit) and the cycle repeats after every 4 powers
Therefore, last digit of 17^7=3

3. If Sn = 4n + 5(n+1) + 3, what is the unit digit of S100?

Solution: 41 = 4, 42 = 16, 43 = 64 and so on. So, the cyclist of this is 2. Every 2 terms the
last digit is 4 when the n is odd and 6 when n is even.
Similarly,
51 = 5, 52 = 10, 53 = 125
So, f n = 100, it's an even number and hence 4100 will end in 6 and 5101 will end in 5.

Hence the sum of last digits will be 6+5+3=146+5+3=14 so it'd be 4.

4. x and y are integers. If the units digit of x is 9, and the units digit of y is 9 as well,
which of the following CANNOT be (xy)?

A) -4 B) 4 C) 6 D) 10 E) 18
Solution:

We know that 3 = 9, and 7 = 49. BOTH of these values yield a value with 9 in the units
position.
So, some possible values of x include: 3, 7, 13, 17, 23, 27, 33, 37, etc.
Likewise, some possible values of y include: 3, 7, 13, 17, 23, 27, 33, 37, etc.

Which of the following CANNOT be (xy)?

Let's check the answer choices
A) -4. If x = 3 and y = 7, then x - y = 3 - 7 = -4. ELIMINATE
B) 4. If x = 7 and y = 3, then x - y = 7 - 3 = 4. ELIMINATE
C) 6. If x = 13 and y = 7, then x - y = 13 - 7 = 6. ELIMINATE
D) 10. If x = 13 and y = 3, then x - y = 13 - 3 = 10. ELIMINATE

By the process of elimination, the correct answer must be E

5. If x is a positive integer, what is the units digit of (24)2x+1 (33)x+1 (17)x+2 (9)2x
a. 4 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8 e. 9

Solution: If we use x=1, we can create a potential number to determine units digit of

(243)(332)(173)(92)

4: 4, 16, 64
3: 3, 9
7: 7, 49, 343
9: 9, 81

Multiply the units digits together 4 x 9 x 3 x 1 = 108

6. The integer x has a tens digit of 6 and a units digit of 7. The units digit of integer y is
8. The product of x and y has a tens digit of 8. Which of the following is a possible tens
digit of integer y?

A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 E. 7

Solution:
You can solve it by the following method:

X: 67
Y: a8
So, 67*a8 should give you the tens digit as 3+7a = 8 7a = 5 and the only multiple of 7 that has a 5
in the units place is when you have 5*7, giving you a=5. C is the correct answer.
 7. If the tens digit x and the units digit y of a positive integer n are reversed, the resulting
integer is 9 more than n. What is y in terms of x?
(A) 10 x (B) 9 x (C) x + 9 (D) x 1 (E) x + 1

Solution: 10y + x = 10x + y + 9

=> 9y - 9x = 9

=> y = x + 1

Answer - E
8. If a is a positive integer, and if the units digit of a2 is 9 and the units digit of (a+1)2 is 4,
what is the units digit of (a+2)2?

A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 6 E. 14

Solution: Units digit of a2 is 9

=> Units digit of a is either 3 or 7 also given units digit of (a+1)2 is 4. So units digit of a can be
only be 7 (3 is ruled out)
=> Units digit of (a+2)2 is 1 (as (7+2)2 = 81. Answer is A.

9. For a certain integer x, the units digit of (x+2)2 is 9. Which of the following could be the
units digit of |x+1|?

A. 0 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 7

Solution: x could be 5 or 1. If x is one, then we get a result of 4. Therefore the answer is C.

10. If the tens digit of positive integers x, y are 6, how many values of the tens digit of
2(x+y) can be there?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 6

Solution: If x=y=60, 2(x+y) = 240 is derived. If x=y=69, 2(x+y) = 276 is derived, which makes
4,5,6,7 possible for the tens digit. Therefore, the answer is C.

11. A and B are positive two-digit integers such that the tens digit in A is the same as the
units digit in B, and the units digit in A is the same as the tens digit in B. Which of
the following CANNOT be the difference of A and B?

A. 72 B. 45 C. 33 D. 27 E. 9
 Solution: A and B are positive two-digit integers such that the tens digit in A is the same as
the units digit in B, and the units digit in A is the same as the tens digit in B:

A = 10x + y, B = 10y + x, A - B = (10x + y) - (10y + x) = 9(x - y). As you can see the
difference must be a multiple of 9. Only option C is not a multiple of 9. Answer: C.

12. If a and b are distinct positive integers. The unit digit of a2 is equal to the units
digit of a, and the units digit of b2 is equal to the units digit of b. If the units digit of
ab is equal to neither the units digit of a nor the units digit of b, then what is the
units digit of ab?

A. 0 B. 1 C. 4 D. 5 E. 6

Solution: The best way to attempt this question is by fixing smart numbers. From 1-10,
go through the numbers which fit the criteria: Units digit of the square of the number = the
number. This only holds true of 5 and 6 (square of 5 is 25 and of 6 is 36). Hence assume
a=5 and b=6. Know that since this is questions with two variables, ANY two variables
which fit the criteria will give you the same answer. For example if you selected a = 25
and b=36, the answer will still hold true.
Now, multiply a and b. The answer is 5*6=30. The unites digit is zero. Try this with a=25
and b=36, the units digit of the answer is again 0. Since this a PS question, there is only
one right answer. After you try 5*6 and get zero as the units digit, that must be the
answer.

13. If n is a positive integer and k + 2 = 3^n, which of the following could NOT be a
value of k ?

(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 7 (D) 25 (E) 79

Substitute the answer choices for k:

(A) If k = 1, then 3n = 1 + 2 = 31.

(B) If k = 4, then 3n = 4 + 2 = 6. NOT a power of 3.

(C) If k = 7, then 3n = 7 + 2 = 32.

(D) If k = 25, then 3n = 25 + 2 = 33.

(E) If k = 79, then 3n = 79 + 2 = 34. Answer: B.

14. How many 3 digit positive integers with distinct digits are there, which are not
multiples of 10?

A. 576 B. 520 C. 504 D. 432 E. 348

Solution Lets analyze the number of choices for each of the 3 digits from left to right.

Since the first digit cant be 0, there are 9 choices for the first digit.

Since the second digit cant be same as the first digit (but it can be 0), there are also 9 choices for
the second digit. However, lets consider the following two cases: 1) the second digit is not 0,
and 2) the second digit is 0. For each of these two cases, we will also consider the last digit.

Case 1: The second digit is not 0

Since the second digit is not 0 (and it cant be the same as the first digit), there are 8 choices for
the second digit. As for the last digit, it cant be 0 (otherwise it will be a multiple of 10) and it
cant be the same as either of the first two digits; thus, there are 7 choices. Thus, there are 9 x 8 x
7 = 504 three-digit numbers with distinct digits when the second digit is not 0.

Case 2: The second digit is 0

Since the second digit is 0, there is only 1 choice for the second digit. As for the last digit, it
cant be 0 (otherwise it will be a multiple of 10) and it cant be the same as either of the first two
digits. However, since the last digit wont be 0, it wont be the same as the second digit. In other
words, it only needs to be different from the first digit; thus there are 8 choices. Thus, there are 9
x 1 x 8 = 72 three-digit numbers with distinct digits when the second digit is 0.

Lastly, the number of three-digit numbers with distinct digits is 504 + 72 = 576.

15.
Solution

16.

Solution:
The 4 - digit integer should be comprised of the following digits: 2, 4 ,6, 8, 0

For it to be a 4 digits integer, the first digit cannot be zero. Hence the following scenarios are
possible

1st digit: (2,4,6,8)

2nd digit: (0,2,4,6,8)
3rd digit: (0,2,4,6,8)
4th digit: (0,2,4,6,8)
Total numbers possible = 4*5*5*5 = 500. Correct Option: C
17.

Solution:
The Tens Place can be filled in 5 ways ( 1, 3, 5 , 7 & 9 )

The Units Place can be filled in 5 ways ( 1, 3, 5 , 7 & 9 )

The Hundreth digit can be filled in 9 ways ( 1 ,2 , 3 , 4 ,5 ,6 ,

7 , 8 , 9)

So, The total number of ways is 5*5*9 = 225 ways....

18.

Solution No two consecutive integers are same, so the digit is in the form of XY XY XY
So, leftmost digit can be any digit but 0. We can choose in 9 ways, remaining each digit can be
choosen in 9 ways.
Total digit are 999999 = 96 So, answer is E
19.

solution:

let x=tens digit, y=units digit

(10x+y)/x=14 or, 4x=y, y must be a one digit multiple of 4, either 4 or 8. x must be either 1 or 2
(10*1+4)/1=14, (20*1+8)/2=14. 14 and 28 are 2 positive integers so answer is C

20.

Solution:
21

Solution: Let's say this number is ABC.

1. Two similar none zero digits: A has 9 possibilities, B has 1 possibility and C has 8
possibilities. So 9.1*8=72 different numbers. However, this configuration can be modeled in 3
ways, depending on the position of the similar numbers: XXY, XYX, YXX, therefore 72*3=216.

2. Distinct numbers: A has 9 possibilities, B has 8 possibilities and C has 7 possibilities, therfore:
9*8*7=504.

In total we have 504+216=720.

22.

Solution
23.

Solution

24.
Solution:

25. How many 3-digit numerals begin with a digit that represents a prime and end with a
digit that represents a prime number?

A) 16 B) 80 c) 160 D) 180 E) 240

Solution:

Prime digits 2,3,5 and 7.

Three digit numbers _ _ _

1st place can be filled in 4 ways

2nd place can be filled in 10 ways

3rd place can be filled in 4 ways

Total=4*10*4=160
26. How many 3-digit even numbers are possible such that if one of the digits is 5, the next
digit to it should be 7?
A) 5 B) 305 C) 365 D) 405 E) 495

Solution:

27. How many 3-digit numbers begin with a prime digit and end with another prime
digit?

(A) 16 (B) 32 (C) 80 (D) 120 (E) 160

Solution:
28. How many different 3-digit numbers are greater than 299 and do not contain the digits
1, 6, or 8?

(A) 222 (B) 245 (C) 291 (D) 315 (E) 343

Solution: Total numbers from 299 to 1000 (excluding both) = 999-300+1 = 700
Hundred digit = 3,4,5,7 or 9 = 5 options
Tenth digit = 7 options (0,2,3,4,5,7,9)
Unit digit = 7 options (0,2,3,4,5,7,9)
5*7*7 = 245 So, answer is B

29.

Solution:
Total numbers greater than 330 will be= numbers starting with digit 3 + number starting with
digit 4, 5 or 6

Total numbers starting with digit 3 and >330= 1*3*4= 12

Total numbers starting with digits 4,5 or 6= 3*5*4= 60

60+12= 72 So, A is the answer.

30. How many numbers are there between 100 and 1000 in which all digits are distinct?

(A) 900 (B) 648 (C) 720 (D) 252 (E) 729

Solution: We know that numbers between 100 and 1000 will be 3 digit integers.

Let the arrangement be ABC where A,B,C represent distinct digits.

We have 9 options for A (as 0 cannot start a 3 digit number), 9 options again for B and 8 for C,
giving a total of 9*9*8 = 648 options.

B is the correct answer.

31. In how many no. between 100 and 1000 at least one of their digits is 7?

(A) 900 (B) 648 (C) 720 (D) 252 (E) 729

Solution: Let's count the number of occurrences with only one 7:

(1) 7XX: 1 * 9 * 9 = 81
(2) X7X: 8 * 1 * 9 = 72
(3) XX7: 8 * 9 * 1 = 72

81 + 72 + 72 = 225

At this point we can already see that the answer must be D since the choice are very dispersed.

Anyways, let's count number of occurrences with two 7s:

(1) 77X: 1 * 1 * 9 = 9
(2) X77: 8 * 1 * 1 = 8
(3) 7X7: 1 * 9 * 1 = 9

9 + 8 + 9 = 26

Number 777 is missing. So the total becomes

225 + 26 + 1 = 252

32. In how many no. between 100 and 1000 exactly one of the digits is 3?

(A) 648 (B) 512 (C) 252 (D) 225 (E) 26

Solution: 3 scenarios possible

3XY = 1*9*9 = 81
X3Y (with X 3 or 0) = 8*1*9 = 72
Y3X (with Y 3 or 0) = 8*1*9 = 72

Total cases possible = 144+81=225

D is the correct answer.

33. In how many no. between 100 and 1000 exactly two of the digits is 5?

(A) 648 (B) 512 (C) 252 (D) 225 (E) 26

Solution: Realise that the asked arrangements = 55X , 5X5 where X can be anything from 0 to 9
excluding 5 and Y55 where Y 5 or 0

Scenarios possible

55X = 1*1*9 = 9
5X5 = 1*9*1 = 9
Y55 = 8*1*1 = 8

Total = 9+9+8=26.E is the correct answer.

34. How many numbers between 1 and 100, inclusive, have exactly 5 positive factors?

A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 9 E. 10

Solution: First note that most positive integers have an EVEN number of positive factors.
Only the SQUARES of integers have an ODD number of positive factors.
So, we need only consider the following squares of integers: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, . . . . 81, 100

Most of these squares don't have 5 positive factors. Let's check...

Factors of 1: 1 NO
Factors of 4: 1, 2, 4 NO
Factors of 9: 1, 3, 9 NO
Factors of 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 PERFECT!
Factors of 25: 1, 5, 25 NO
Factors of 36: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 NO
Factors of 49: 1, 7, 49 NO
Factors of 64: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 NO
Factors of 81: 1, 3, 9, 27, 81 PERFECT!
Factors of 100: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100

35
Solution: Since we are talking about the square of terms having a unit digit 9,
Lets evaluate which of numbers have squares that end with 9

3^2 = 9
7^2 = 49
13^2 = 169
17^2 = 289
23^2 = 529
27^2 = 729

Since the (x+2)22 and (x+6)2 have to be numbers ending 9,

x can be 1,11,21...

The units digit of (x+3)2 for all these numbers will be always 6(Option D).

36

Solution X1 = 1
X2 = 1+7*1 = 8
X3 = 1+7*8 = 57
X4 = 1+7*57 = 400

From this we can see for all even X the unit digit is even and for Odd it is Odd.
From the answer choices only C is even hence that is the correct choice.