Internship Report Submitted To:: Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology
Internship Report Submitted To:: Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology
SUBMITTED TO:
Human Resource Department at
PIA Engineering & Maintenance
Karachi, Pakistan
SUBMITTED BY:
Arshad Ali(2015-TE-025)
Ahmed Bin Aslam(2015-TE-050)
Muhammad Husnain(2015-TE-041)
CERTIFICATE .......................................................................................................................................... 2
INTRODUCTION OF PIA........................................................................................................................... 5
WEEK 1: ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
MAINTAINING CONTROL................................................................................................................. 7
WEEK 2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
BATTERY .................................................................................................................................................... 8
INSTRUEMENT SHOP...................................................................................................................................
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AUTOPILOT..................................................................................................................................................
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BLACK BOX ..................................................................................................................................................
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Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................................
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
the systems that are used in aircrafts. These systems include Telecommunication
INTRODUCTION OF PIA
airline which is the national flag carrier of Pakistan. The airline was founded on 23
October 1946 as Orient Airways, prior to the Partition of India. The airline was
INTERNSHIP AT PIA
The journey of our internship started on the very first day we were
given the security pass to enter in the engineering section. PIA has the workshops in
sent to the avionics section of pia engineering department. That includes base station
WEEK 1:
BASE MAINTAINANCE
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HOW DOES A PLANE FLY?
must be created that equals or exceeds the force of gravity. This force is called lift.
In heavier-than-air craft, lift is created by the flow of air over an airfoil. The shape
of an airfoil causes air to flow faster on top than on bottom. The fast flowing air
decreases the surrounding air pressure. Because the air pressure is greater below
complex for an airplane, which can move freely in three dimensions, than for cars
or boats, which only move in two. A change in any one of the three types of
Imagine three lines running through an airplane and intersecting at right angles at
MAINTAINING CONTROL
On the outer rear edge of each wing, the two ailerons move in
opposite directions, up and down, decreasing lift on one wing while increasing it
on the other. This causes the airplane to roll to the left or right. To turn the
airplane, the pilot uses the ailerons to tilt the wings in the desired direction.
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On the horizontal tail surface, the elevator tilts up or down,
decreasing or increasing lift on the tail. This tilts the nose of the airplane up and
down.
On the vertical tail fin, the rudder swivels from side to side,
pushing the tail in a left or right direction. A pilot usually uses the rudder along
WEEK 2
LINE MAINTAINANCE
ELECTRICAL DEPART
BATTERY SHOP
BATTERY
TYPES OF BATTERY
1. Alkaline Batteries
2. Lead-Acid Batteries
In pia we have lead acid and alkaline battery shops. But most frequently
used battery in Aircrafts are Alkaline Battery Due to its Efficiency and
Batteries are often classified by the type of electrolyte used in their construction.
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There are three common classifications; acid, mildly acid, and alkaline.
sulphuric acid
hydroxide
perfectly.
KEYS
Ni-Cd battery
20 cells make one battery. Each cells are of 1.2v and are connected in series
constant current.
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IN line maintenance all the shops have different power supply units.
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INSTRUEMENT SHOP
AUTOPILOT
An autopilot is a device used to guide an aircraft without direct assistance from the
pilot. Early autopilots were only able to maintain a constant heading and altitude, but
modern autopilots are capable of controlling every part of the flight envelope from just
after take-off to landing. Modern autopilots are normally integrated with the flight
management system (FMS) and, when fitted, the auto throttle system. The autopilot
systems that control pitch, yaw, and roll are just components of a greater suite of tools
SENSORS
COMPUTERS
CONTROLS
INDICATORS
An instrument landing system (ILS) enables aircraft to land if the pilots are unable to
establish visual contact with the runway. It does this by way of transmitted radio
signals.
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INS navigates tell it where you want to go and it will tell you how to get there.
IRS only supplies reference information (attitude, heading, speed, acceleration. The
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RADIO SHOP
COMMUNICATION IN AIRCRAFT:
HF COMMUNICATION:
recommended. Aircraft long range communication uses the HF band between 3 MHz
VHF COMMUNICATION:
mostly used at the time of Take-off and landing. The power requirement of VHF
communication uses the VHF band between 118 MHz and 136 MHz to talk with air
traffic control
WEATHER RADAR
precipitation, calculate its motion, estimate its type (rain, snow, hail, etc.), and forecast
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Modern weather radars are capable of detecting the motion of rain droplets in addition
to intensity of the precipitation. Both types of data can be analyzed to determine the
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controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The primary purpose of
expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other support for pilots
when able.
Moving-map systems
Audio entertainment
Video entertainment
Personal televisions
In-flight movies
Closed-captioning
In-flight games
Mobile phone
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BLACK BOX
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A cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and flight data recorder, often
referred to as a "black box, is a flight recorder used to record the audio environment
and during flight data in the flight deck of an aircraft for the purpose of investigation of
accidents and incidents. This is typically achieved by recording the signals of the
microphones and earphones of the pilots headsets and of an area microphone in the
required to record such communications with air traffic control unless this is recorded
thirty minutes, but now it has long recommended that it should be at least two hours.
data for a period of 2 hours. The original requirement was for a Black Box to record for
30 minutes, but this has been found to be insufficient in many cases, significant parts
of the audio data needed for a subsequent investigation having occurred more than 30
The earliest Black Box used analog wire recording, later replaced by analog
magnetic tape. Some of the tape units used two reels, with the tape automatically
reversing at each end. Now this magnetic tape is replaced by flash memory unit.
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Conclusion
This internship has been an excellent and rewarding experience. Every aspect of
this internship was flawless, we have learned so many things about the aircraft.
At the end it was a great experience for us to work and learn with PIA.
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