Scribd
Upload
184 views3 pages

Math Circle Lecture 3

The document contains 38 math problems covering a variety of topics including number theory, algebra, geometry, and combinatorics. The problems range in difficulty from straightforward calculations and proofs to more complex problems involving modular arithmetic, divisibility, and Diophantine equations.

Uploaded by

محمد حسن أبو حذيفة
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
184 views3 pages

Math Circle Lecture 3

The document contains 38 math problems covering a variety of topics including number theory, algebra, geometry, and combinatorics. The problems range in difficulty from straightforward calculations and proofs to more complex problems involving modular arithmetic, divisibility, and Diophantine equations.

Uploaded by

محمد حسن أبو حذيفة
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Columbia Area Math Circle: Session 3

Marcus Neal
October 18, 2008

1. If Suzy has 6 coins worth 23 cents, how many nickels does she have?

2. Three primes, p,q, and r, satisfy p + q = r and 1 < p < q. Find the value of p.

3. In base 10, the number d456d is divisible by 18. Find the value of the digit d

4. How many positive factors are there of the number 280?

5. How many perfect squares divide the number 29 35 74 ?

6. The integer n is the smallest positive multiple of 15 such that every digit of n
n
is either 0 or 8. Compute 15

7. Find the number of triples (a, b, c) of positive integers which satisfy the simul-
taneous equations:
ab + bc = 44
ac + bc = 23

8. Find the units digit of 31001 71002 131003

9. Find the units digit of 2(3 )


456789

n13
10. Find the least positive integer n for which 5n+6
is a non-zero reducible fraction

11. For a certain integer n, 5n + 16 and 8n + 29 have a common factor larger than
one. What is that common factor?

12. What is the largest positive integer n for which n3 + 100 is divisible by n + 10?

13.
Find the
number of distinct pairs of integers (x, y) such that 0 < x < y and

1984 = x + y

1
14. Show that gcd(m, m n)|n

15. Show that if gcd(m, n) = 1, then gcd(m n, m + n) = 1 or 2

16. Prove that if n is odd then 8|n2 1

17. Let an = 6n + 8n . Determine the remainder on dividing a83 by 49. [6 AIME


1983]

18. Find the number of integers n, 1 n 2003, such that n2003 1 is divisible by
10. [2003 Duke Math Meet]

19. Find the number of integers n, 1 n 120, such that n2 leaves a remainder of
1 when divided by 120. [2003 Duke Math Meet]

20. Let p(x) = x2 + bx + c, where b and c are integers. If p(x) is a factor of both
x4 + 6x2 + 25 and 3x4 + 4x2 + 28x + 5, what is the value of p(1)?

21. What is the remainder when x100 2x99 + 4 is divided by x2 3x + 2?

22. A lattice point in the plane is a point whose x and y coordinates are integers.
Let S be the set of lattice points in the plane such  that for every pair of distinct
x1 +x2 y1 +y2
points (x1 , y1 ) and (x2 , y2 ) in S, 2
, 2 is not a lattice point. What is
the biggest possible size of S? [28 USC Math Contest 1987]

23. Let S = {1, 12 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 19 , 12


1
, . . .}, the set of rational numbers of the form 1
2p 3q
for
non-negative integers p and q. Find the sum of the members of S.

24. Assume that a, b, c, and d are positive integers such that a5 = b4 , c3 = d2 , and
c a = 19. Determine the value of d b [7 AIME 1985]

25. Find 3x2 y 2 if x and y are integers such that y 2 + 3x2 y 2 = 30x2 + 517 [5 AIME
1987]

26. Let [r, s] denote the least common multiple of positive integers r and s. Find
the number of ordered triples (a, b, c) of positive integers for which [a, b] = 1000,
[b, c] = 2000, and [c, a] = 2000 [7 AIME 1987]

27. The polynomial p(x) leaves a remainder of 6 when divided by x 5 and a


remainder of 5 when divided by x 6. Find the remainder when p(x) is divided
by (x 5)(x 6)

28. Two distinct numbers a and b are randomly chosen from the set {2, 22 , 23 , . . . , 225 }.
What is the probability that loga b is and integer? [35 AIME-12 2005]

2
29. Let S be the sum of the base 10 logarithms of all the proper divisors of 1,000,000.
(Note that a proper divisor means a positive integral divisor other than 1 and
the number itself). What is the integer nearest to S?

30. Find x2 yz if x,y, and z are distinct positive integers such that y 2 zx = 103
and z 2 xy = 22 [Dropped AIME problem]

31. Let S be a subset of {1, 2, 3, . . . , 100} so that, if a and b are any (not necessarily
distinct) elements of S, then their product, ab, is not an element of S. What is
the maximum number of elements of S? [Dropped AIME problem]

32. The numbers in the sequence 101, 104, 109, 116, ... are of the form an = 100+n2 ,
where n = 1, 2, 3, ... For each n, let dn be the greatest common divisor of an and
an+1 . Find the maximum value of dn as n ranges through the positive integers.
[13 AIME 1985]

33. Find the largest possible value of k for which 311 is expressible as the sum of k
consecutive positive integers.

34. Show that the line y = 47 x + 51 does not pass through any lattice point in the
plane. (Recall that lattice points are points with integer coordinates). What is
the minimum distance between the line y = 47 x + 15 and any lattice point in the
plane? [2003 Duke Math Contest]

35. Note that 2002 = 22 91, and so 2002 is a multiple of the number obtained by
removing its middle 2 digits. Generalizing this, how many 4-digit palindromes,
abba, are divisible by the 2-digit palindrome, aa? [2002 Duke Math Contest]

36. Consider the equation x1 x2 + x2 x3 + x3 x4 + . . . + xn1 xn + xn x1 = 0, where


xi {1, 1} for i = 1, 2, 3, . . . , n.
a. Show that if the equation has a solution, then n is even.
b. Show that if n is divisible by 4, then the equation has a solution.
c. Show that if the equation has a solution, then n is divisible by 4.

37. Suppose a, b, and c are integers such that c divides an +bn for all integers n 1.
If the greatest common divisor of a and b is 7, what is the largest possible value
for c? [2002 Duke Math Contest]

38. Olympiad Problem: Solve the equation x5 1 = y 2 in integers.

You might also like