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Question 1
Find the number of positive integral divisors of 2006.
(A) 8

Question 2
Find the harmonic mean of 10 and 20.
(A) 15
(B) 40/3

Question 3
Let I, T, E, S be distinct positive integers such that the product ITEST = 2006. What is the largest
possible value of the sum I + T + E + S + T + 2006?
(A) 2086
(B) 4012
(C) 2144

Question 4
Four couples go ballroom dancing one evening. Their first names are Henry, Peter, Louis, Roger,
Elizabeth, Jeanne, Mary, and Anne. If Henry旧 wife is not dancing with her husband (but with
Elizabeth旧 husband), Roger and Anne are not dancing, Peter is playing the trumpet, and Mary is
playing the piano, and Anne旧 husband is not Peter ? who is Roger旧 wife?
(A) Elizabeth
(B) Jeanne
(C) Mary
(D) Anne

Question 5
A line has y-intercept (0,3) and forms a right angle to the line 2x + y = 3. Find the x-intercept of the
line.
(A) (4,0)
(B) (6,0)
(C) (-4,0)
(D) (-6,0)
(E) None of the above

Question 6
What is the remainder when 2^2006 is divided by 7?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
(E) 4
(F) 5

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Question 7
The sum of 17 consecutive integers is 2006. Find the second largest integer.
(A) 17
(B) 72
(C) 95
(D) 101
(E) 102
(F) 111
(G) 125

Question 8
The point P is a point on a circle with center O. Perpendicular lines are drawn from P to
perpendicular diameters, AB and CD, meeting them at points Y and Z, respectively. If the diameter
of the circle is 16, what is the length of YZ?
(A) 4
(B) 8
(C) 6sqrt3
(D) 4sqrt3
(E) 4sqrt2
(F) 12
(G) 6
(H) None of the above

Question 9
If sin (x) = -5/13 and x is in the third quadrant, what is the absolute value of cos (x/2)?
(A) sqrt(3) / 3
(B) (2sqrt(3)) / 13
(C) 6/13
(D) 5/13
(E) -5/13
(F) sqrt(26) / 26
(G) -sqrt (26) / 26
(H) sqrt(2) / 2
(I) None of the above

Question 10
Find the number of elements in the first 64 rows of Pascal旧 Triangle that are divisible by 4.
(A) 256
(B) 496
(C) 512
(D) 640
(E) 796
(F) 946
(G) 1024
(H) 1134
(I) 1256
(J) None of the above

Question 11

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Find the radius of the inscribed circle of a triangle with sides of length 13, 30, and 37.
(A) 9/2
(B) 7/2
(C) 4
(D) -sqrt(2)
(E) 4sqrt(5)
(F) 6
(G) 11/2
(H) 13/2
(I) None of the above
(J) 1
(K) No such triangle can exist

Question 12
What is the highest possible probability of getting 12 of these 20 multiple choice questions correct,
given that you don急 know how to work any of them and are forced to blindly guess on each one?
(A) 1/6!
(B) 1/7!
(C) 1/8!
(D) 1/9!
(E) 1/10!
(F) 1/11!
(G) 1/12!
(H) 2/8!
(I) 2/10!
(J) 2/12!
(K) 1/20!
(L) None of the above

Question 13
Suppose that x, y, and z are three distinct prime numbers such that x + y + z = 49. Find the
maximum possible value for the product xyz.
(A) 615
(B) 1295
(C) 2387
(D) 1772
(E) 715
(F) 442
(G) 1479
(H) 2639
(I) 3059
(J) 3821
(K) 3145
(L) 1715
(M) None of the above

Question 14
Find x, where x is the smallest positive integer such that 2 raised to the power of x leaves a
remainder of 1 when divided by 5, 7, and 31.

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(A) 15
(B) 20
(C) 25
(D) 30
(E) 28
(F) 32
(G) 64
(H) 128
(I) 45
(J) 50
(K) 60
(L) 70
(M) 80
(N) None of the above

Question 15
How many integers between 1 and 2006, inclusive, are perfect squares?
(A) 37
(B) 38
(C) 39
(D) 40
(E) 41
(F) 42
(G) 43
(H) 44
(I) 45
(J) 46
(K) 47
(L) 48
(M) 49
(N) 50
(O) None of the above

Question 16
The Minnesota Twins face the New York Mets in the 2006 World Series. Assuming the two teams
are evenly matched ? each has a .5 probability of winning any game ? what is the probability that
the World Series (a best of 7 series of games which lasts until one team wins four games) will
require the full seven games to determine a winner?
(A) 1/16
(B) 1/8
(C) 3/16
(D) 1/4
(E) 5/16
(F) 3/8
(G) 5/32
(H) 7/32
(I) 9/32
(J) 3/64
(K) 5/64

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(L) 7/64
(M) 1/2
(N) 13/32
(O) 11/32
(P) None of the above

Question 17
Sin(2x) = 1/7. Find the numerical value of (sin(x))(sin(x))(sin(x))(sin(x)) +
(cos(x))(cos(x))(cos(x))(cos(x)).
(A) 2305/2401
(B) 4610/2401
(C) 2400/2401
(D) 6915/2401
(E) 1/2401
(F) 0
(G) 195/196
(H) 195/98
(I) 97/98
(J) 1/49
(K) 2/49
(L) 48/49
(M) 96/49
(N) pi
(O) None of the above
(P) 1
(Q) 2

Question 18
Every even number greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers.

Name the mathematician for which this theorem was named, and then name the mathematician to
whom he transmitted this theorem via letter in 1742.
(A) Ptolemy; Archimedes
(B) Goldbach; Newton
(C) Lagrange; Goldbach
(D) Euclid; Plato
(E) Goldbach; Bernoulli
(F) Goldbach; Euler
(G) L'Hopital; Goldbach
(H) Goldbach; L'Hopital
(I) Ramanujan; Fermat
(J) Fermat; Ramanujan
(K) Goldbach; Ramanujan
(L) Goldbach; Fermat
(M) De Moivre; Cauchy
(N) Cauchy; De Moivre
(O) Goldbach; Cauchy
(P) Goldbach; Descartes
(Q) Goldbach; Hilbert

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(R) None of the above

Question 19
Questions 19 and 20 are Sudoku-related questions. Sudoku is a puzzle game that has one and
only one solution for each puzzle. Digits from 1 to 9 must go into each space on the 9x9 grid such
that every row, column, and 3x3 square contains one and only one of each digit.

Find the sum of w + x + y + z by solving the Sudoku puzzle below.

1__|358|__6
4__|___|_x8
__9|_1_|7__
_z_|1__|_5_
__3|2_4|8__
_2_|w_9|___
__6|_2_|9__
3__|_y_|__1
2__|843|__7

(A) 7
(B) 8
(C) 9
(D) 10
(E) 11
(F) 12
(G) 13
(H) 14
(I) 15
(J) 16
(K) 17
(L) 18
(M) 19
(N) 20
(O) 21
(P) 22
(Q) 23
(R) 24
(S) 25

Question 20
Sudoku is a puzzle game that has one and only one solution for each puzzle. Digits from 1 to 9
must go into each space on the 9x9 grid such that every row, column, and 3x3 square contains one
and only one of each digit.

Find the sum of w + x + y + z by solving the Sudoku puzzle below.

___|_4_|_z_
1_6|___|7_3
5__|9__|__2

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_83|w2_|5__
2__|5_9|__7
__7|_8_|92_
3__|__1|__6
8_9|x__|3_5
_y_|_3_|___

(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 6
(D) 8
(E) 9
(F) 10
(G) 11
(H) 12
(I) 13
(J) 14
(K) 15
(L) 18
(M) 19
(N) 20
(O) 23
(P) 24
(Q) 25
(R) 26
(S) 28
(T) 30

Question 21
What is the last (rightmost) digit of 3^2006?

Question 22
Triangle ABC has side lengths AB = 75, BC = 100, and CA = 125. Point D is the foot of the altitude
from B, and E lies on segment BC such that DE ⊥ BC. Find the area of the triangle BDE.

Question 23
Jack and Jill are playing a chance game. They take turns alternately rolling a fair six sided die
labeled with the integers 1 through 6 as usual (fair meaning the numbers appear with equal
probability.) Jack wins if a prime number appears when he rolls, while Jill wins if when she rolls a
number greater than 1 appears. The game terminates as soon as one of them has won. If Jack
rolls first in a game, then the probability of that Jill wins the game can be expressed as m/n where

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m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Compute m + n.

Question 24
Points D and E are chosen on side BC of triangle ABC such that E is between B and D and BE =
1, ED = DC = 3. If ∠BAD = ∠EAC = 90°, the area of ABC can be expressed as (p √q)/r, where p
and r are relatively prime positive integers and q is a positive integer not divisible by the square of
any prime. Compute p + q + r.

Question 25
The expression

reduces to m/n, where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find m + n.

Question 26
A rectangle has area A and perimeter P. The largest possible value of A/(P^2) can be expressed
as m/n, where m and n are relatively prime positive intgers. Compute m + n.

Question 27
Line l passes through A and into the interior of the equilateral triangle ABC. D and E are the
orthoganal projections of B and C onto l respectively. If DE = 1 and 2BD = CE, then the area of
ABC can be expressed as m√n, where m and n are positive integers and n is not divisible by the
square of any prime. Determine m + n.

Question 28
The largest prime factor of 999999999999 is greater than 2006. Determine the remainder obtained
when this prime factor is divided by 2006.

Question 29
The altitudes in triangle ABC have lengths 10, 12, and 15. The area of ABC can be expressed as
(m√n)/p, where m and p are relatively prime positive integers and n is a postive integer not divisible
by the square of any prime. Find m + n + p.

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Question 30
Triangle ABC is equilateral. Points D and E are the midpoints of segments BC and AC
respectively. F is the point on segment AB such that 2BF = AF. Let P denote the intersection of AD
and EF. The value of EP/PF can be expressed as m/n where m and n are relatively prime positive
integers. Find m + n.

Question 31
The value of the infinite series

can be expressed as m/n where m and n are relatively prime positive numbers. Compute m + n.

Question 32
Triangle ABC is scalene. Points P and Q are on segment BC with P between B and Q such that BP
= 21, PQ = 35, and QC = 100. If AP and AQ trisect ∠A, then AB/AC can be written uniquely as
(p√q)/r, where p and r are relatively prime positive integers and q is a positive integer not divisible
by the square of any prime. Determine p + q + r.

Question 33
Six students sit in a group and chat during a complicated mathematical lecture. The professor,
annoyed by the chatter, splits the group into two or more smaller groups. However, the smaller
groups with at least two members continue to produce chatter, so the professor again chooses one
noisy group and splits it into smaller groups. This process continues until the professor acheives

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the silence he needs to teach Algebraic Combinatorics. Suppose the procedure can be carried out
in N ways, where the order of group breaking matters (if A and B are disjoint groups, then breaking
up group A and then B is considered different form breaking up group B and then A even if the
resulting partitions are identical) and where a group of students is treated as an unordered set of
people. Compute the remainder obtained when N is divided by 2006.

Question 34
For each positive integer n let Sn denote the set of positive integers k such that n^k - 1 is divisible
by 2006. Define the function P(n) by the rule

Let d be the least upper bound of {P(1),P(2),P(3),...}, and let m be the number of integers i such
that 1 ≤ i ≤ 2006 and P(i) = d. Compute the value of d + m.

Question 35
Compute the number of ordered quadruples (w,x,y,z) of complex numbers (not necessarily
nonreal) such that the following system is satisfied:

Question 36
Let α denote cos-1(2/3). The recursive sequence a0,a1,a2,... satisfies a0² = 1 and, for all positive
integers n,

Suppose that the series

can be expressed uniquely as (p√q)/r, where p and r are coprime positive integers and q is not
divisible by the square of any prime. Find the value of p + q + r.

Question 37
The positive reals x,y,z satisfy the relations

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y² can by expressed uniquely as (m-n√p)/q, where m,n,p,q are positive integers such that p is not
divisible by the square of any prime and no prime dividing q divides both m and n. Compute m + n
+ p + q.

Question 38
Segment AB is a diameter of circle Γ1. Point C lies on the interior of segment AB such that BC = 7,
and D is a point on Γ1 such that BD = CD = 10. Segment AC is a diameter of the circle Γ2. A third
circle, ω, is drawn internally tangent to Γ1, externally tangent to Γ2, and tangent to segment CD. If
ω is centered on the opposite side of CD as B, then the radius of ω can be expressed as m/n,
where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Compute m + n.

Question 39
ABCDEFGHIJKL is a regular dodecagon. The number 1 is written at the vertex A, and 0's are
written at each of the other vertices. Suddenly and simultaneously, the number at each vertex is
replaced by the arithmetic mean of the two numbers appearing at the adjacent vertices. If this
procedure is repeated a total of 2006 times, then the resulting number at A can be expressed as
m/n, where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Compute the remainder obtained when
m + n is divided by 2006.

Question 40
Acute triangle ABC satisfies AB = 2AC and AB4 + BC4 + CA4 = 2006 * 1010. Tetrahedron DEFP is
formed by choosing points D, E, and F on the segments BC, CA, and AB (respectively) and folding
A,B,C over EF, FC, and DE (respectively) to the common point P. Let R dentote the circumradius
of DEFP. Compute the smallest positive integer n for which we can be certain that n ≥ R. It may be
helpful to use 4√1239 = 5.9329109...

Question 41
ULTIMATE QUESTION

In parts 2-10, the acronym TNFTPP stands for "the number from the previous problem." Whenever
TNFTTP appears in a problem n, it may be replaced by the answer n - 1. The final answer to be
submitted is the sum of the ten answers, NOT merely the answer to the tenth question.

Question 1
Find the real number x such that

Question 2
Let T = TNFTPP. Points A and B lie on a circle centered at O such that ∠AOB is right. Points C
and D lie on radii OA and OB respectively such that AC = T - 3, CD = 5, and BD = 6. Determine the

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area of quadrilateral ACDB.

Question 3
Let T = TNFTPP. When properly sorted, T - 35 math books on a shelf are arranged in alphabetical
order from left to right. An eager student checked out and read all of them. Unfortunately, the
student did not realize how the books were sorted, and so after finishing the student put the books
back on the shelf in a random order. If all arrangements are equally likely, the probability that
exactly 6 of the books were returned to their correct (original) position can be expressd as m/n,
where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Compute m + n.

This is the first checkpoint. Enter your answer for part 3, NOT the sum of your answers so
far

Question 42
Question 4
Let T = TNFTPP. As n ranges over the integers, the expression n4 - 898n² + T - 2160 evaluates to
just one prime number. Find this prime.

Question 5
Let T = TNFTPP, and let S be the sum of the digits of T. In triangle ABC, points D, E, and F are the
feet of the angle bisectors of ∠A, ∠B, ∠C respectively. Let point P be the intersection of
segments AD and BE, and let p denote the perimeter of ABC. If AP = 3PD, BE = S - 1, and CF = 9,
then the value of AD/p can be expressed uniquely as √m/n where m and n are positive integers
such that m is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find m + n.

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Question 6
Let T = TNFTPP. x and y are nonzero real numbers such that

The smallest possible value of y/x is equal to m/n where m and n are relatively prime positive
integers. Find m + n.

Question 7
Let T = TNFTPP. Triangle ABC has integer side lengths, including BC = 100T - 4, and a right
angle, ∠ABC. Let r and s denote the inradius and semiperimeter of ABC respectively. Find the
perimeter of the triangle ABC which minimizes s/r.

This is the second checkpoint. Enter your answer for part 7, NOT the sum of your answers
so far

Question 43
Question 8
Let T = TNFTPP, and let S be the sum of the digits of T. Cyclic quadrilateral ABCD has side
lengths AB = S - 11, BC = 2, CD = 3, and DA = 10. Let M and N be the midpoints of sides AD and
BC. The diagonals AC and BD intersect MN at P and Q respectively. PQ/MN can be expressed as
m/n where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Determine m + n.

Question 9
Let T = TNFTPP. Determine the number of 5 element subsets S of {1,2,3,...,T + 100} such that the
sum of the elements of S is divisible by 5.

Question 10
Let T = TNFTPP and let S be the sum of the digits of T. Point P in the interior of triangle ABC
satisfies AP = S + 51, BP = 156, and CP = 169. If the sides of ABC satisfy

then the area of triangle ABC can be expressed as m/n, where m and n are relatively prime
positive integers. Compute the remainder obtained when m + n is divided by 2006. Recall that you
are turning in the sum of all ten answers, NOT the answer to this problem.

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