Pronouns Possessives Demonstratives '"

Fill in the gaps with everyoneleverybody,

Some and its compounds are also used in everything or everywhere, and the correct
interrogative sentences when we expect a positive form of the verbs in brackets.
answer, for example when we make an offer or
request. 1 The meeting was a success ... .Everything went ... (go)
e.g. a) Thisplace is crowded. Shall we go somewhere well.
else? (We expect the answer yes.) 2 (learn) a foreign language at this school.
b) Would you like something to drink?' (offer) 3 The film is a box-office hit. (talk)
about it.
'Yes, please. Can I have some lemonade?'
4 We are going on holiday next week .
(request)
(be) arranged.
When any and its compounds are used in affirmative 5 On Friday afternoon, (leave) the office
.sentences, there is a difference in meaning. Study early.
the following examples: 6 Mark is a very popular boy (like) him.
a) You can come any day you want. 7 After the snow had fallen, (be) white.
(It doesn't matter which.) 8 I'm glad we came to the beach (have)
b) Anyone/Anybody can take part in the quiz show. a wonderful time.
(It doesn't matter who.) 9 We wanted to go to a restaurant, but .
c) You can find anything you want in this shop. (be) full.
(It doesn't matter what.) 10 I dropped my bag and (fall) out.
d) 1'1/ find you anywhere you go. 11 We can't make the announcement until .
(It doesn't matter where.) (arrive).

Every is used with singular countable nouns.

e.g. Every employee must clock in and out. Fill in the gaps with some, any, no or one of
The pronouns everyone/everybody, everything and their compounds.
the adverb everywhere are used in affirmative,
1 A: Is there ...anything ... good on television tonight?
interrogative and negative sentences and are
B: I don't know. Look in the newspaper.
followed by a singular verb.
2 A: Would you like to eat?
e.g. Everybody/Everyone has a right to a fair trial.
B: No, I don't want , thank you.
(NOT: ... "'a','e a ::if]Rt.)
3 A: There is here to see you.
B: Who is it?
4 A: I went to Jane's house, but there was .
at home.
Bill has lost his keys. Read the dialogue and B: Perhaps she has gone nice for the
underline the correct item. weekend.
5 A: I have time to do all this work.
A: There is 1) nothing/something more annoying than B: Is there I can do to help?
losing 2) something/anything. 6 A: Was the party good last night?
B: What have you lost? B: Not really. There were hardly .
A: My keys. They must be 3) anywhere/somewhere in people there.
7 A: I have to go shopping, but I don't have .
the house, but I've got 4) no/any idea where. I can't
money.
find them 5) nOWhere/anywhere.
B: I'll lend you if you like.
B: Are you sure you haven't left them 6) somewhere/
8 A: Have you seen Michael ?
nowhere by mistake?
B: No, I haven't seen him.
A: Of course not. They can't be 7) somewhere/anywhere The town was very busy today. There was .
9 A:
else but here. 8) No one/Someone must have hidden .............. to park.
them. B: They should build new parking
B: Why would 9) no one/anyone hide your keys? There facilities.
is 10) any/no reason for 11) anyone/no one to do 10 A: What would you do if you were lost?
12) nothing/something so silly. B: I would ask for directions.
A: Well, I need 13) some/any help to find them. I have to 11 A: Is there you would like to go this
go 14) anywhere/somewhere important this afternoon. weekend?
B: Calm down. It's 15) some/no use getting angry about B: I'd like to go nice and quiet.
16) anything/something like this. Look! There are 12 A: Is wrong with Paul?
17) no/ some keys on that chair. B: No, there's wrong with him. He's
A: They're mine! Oh, I feel so silly! just tired.

169
 .ssessives - Demonstratives - Quantifiers

The adverb else means 'other, different', or 'more'. Every and each are used with singular countab ::.
It is used after somebody, anybody, nothing, every- nouns. We normally use each when we talk abo
where, etc. and who, what, why, when, where and two people or things. We use every when we t
how. It is followed by a singular verb. about three or more people or things.
e.g. a) Can I get you anything else? e.g. He was holding an ice cream in each hand.
b) Kim hasn't arrived yet but everybody else is here. (NOT: ... iFf evert RBFfel)
c) 'I've been to Lisbon twice this year.' 'Really? Every part of my body hurt after the fall.
Where else have you been?' (NOT: ~eR fJal't et R"W eeely ...)
d) 'I bought a lovely rug from the market.' 'What
Every one and each (one) can be followed by of.
else did you buy?'
e.g. It was the twins' birthday yesterday. I gave ;::
Anything (else) and nothing (else) can be used present to each (one) of them.
with but. I've seen all of Mel Gibson's films and I lik ~
e.g. I haven't got anything (else) to offer but my advice. everyone of them.
The possessive of else is else's. We use every when we are thinking of people
e.g. I have taken somebody else's book by mistake. things together, in a group to mean 'all', 'eve 1)-
Or else means 'otherwise', 'if not'. body/everything' .
e.g. Hurry up or else we'll miss our flight. e.g. Every employee is entitled to twenty days off. (.
employees)
Elsewhere is formal and means 'somewhere else'.
We use each when we are thinking of people
e.g. If you are not satisfied with the service in this
things separately, one at a time.
restaurant, you can go elsewhere.
e.g. Each employee in turn will tell the manager whe-
he wishes to take his holiday.

We use every to show how often somethi _

Fill in the gaps with else, else's, or else or happens.
elsewhere. e.g. There is a train every twenty minutes.
I have to attend a meeting every two months.
1 He is ill. Why ...else ... would he go to the doctor's?
2 The postman has delivered someone mail We use every but not each with words an
to our house. expressions such as almost, nearly, practical
3 She must be at work. Where could she be? and without exception.
4 I love it here. I wouldn't want to live anywhere . e.g. She has invited every person she knows, witho
5 This hotel is full. We will have to stay . exception. (NOT: ... seeR fJSI'SeR sRe !fRews ...)
6 Don't shout you will wake the baby.
7 What do we need to take with us?
8 This jacket isn't mine. It's somebody .

Complete the sentences using else as in

the example. 1 We have two cars and ... each ... of them is blue.
2 There were lots of sweets and she ate 0 _
Hurry up, James, ...everybody else ... (all the other of them.
people) has left. 3 of the two boxes has bottles insi E
2 If you can't help me, I'll ask . 4 The teacher gave one book to stude
(another person). 5 She gave of the children an ice crear
3 The manager isn't in his office. He must be . 6 He is wearing a different colour sock on f -
......................... (another place). 7 I've got book that author's ever writte~
4 Have you invited (one more 8 I have seen almost episode of this programrr.::.
person) to the party? 9 Almost T-shirt she owns is a designer la 6
5 If you've finished your work, I can give you . 10 The Olympic Games are held four yearE
.............................. (a different thing) to do. 11 I eat an apple day.
6 I only have the ironing to do now. I've done . 12 She bought of her friends a souver -
................................. (all the other things). from Paris.

,0

: 170

 Pronouns - Possessives - Demonstratives -

Laura has got a few Lucy has got (very) few

peaches. She can make peaches. She can't make
some jam. anyjam.

Therearen't many cherries, but there are

a lot of strawberries.

o
-

Is there much pasta? Yes,there is a lot.

A lot of/lObJ of are used with both plural countableand

uncountable nouns. They are normally used in
affirmativesentences.Of is omitted when a lot/lots are
not followed by a noun.
e.g. There were a lot of/lots of people at the concert.
There is a lot of/lots of yoghurt in the fridge.
Have you got many books? Yes, I've got a lot.
Simon has got a little paint. Rick has got (very) little
Much and many are normally used in interrogative
He can paint the door. paint. He can't paint the
and negative sentences. Much is used with
uncountable nouns and many with plural countable door.
nouns. . A few/few are used with plural countable nouns
e.g.\'t, \n~~~
muc\\ ~u~G{in ttle cU~board?
There isn't much sugar in this cake. \\)OW~,~,\b\\bll ~\t).
Haveyou got many CDs? I haven't got many CDs. A few means not many, but enough.
How much and how many are used in questions e.g. Thereare a few hotels in this town. You'llprobably
and negations. find a room to spend the night.
How much + uncountable noun --> amount Few means hardly any, almost none and can be
How many + countable noun --> number used with very for emphasis.
e.g. 'How much money have you got?' 'Not much. '
e.g. There are (very) few cupboards in the kitchen.
'How many stamps do you need?' 'Six.'
There's not enough room to store my plates and
Too many is used with plural countable nouns. It glasses.
has a negative meaning and shows that there is
more of something than is wanted or needed. A , /ffttfe are used with uncountable nouns
e.g. You eat too many sweets. Your teeth will rot. (milk, time, etc.).

Too II'IUCh is used with uncountable nouns. It has A'fttfe means not much, but enough.
the same negative meaning as too many. e.g. There is a little petrol in the tank. It will get us to
e.g. I've got too much work to do. I can't go out. the next town.
We use most/some/any/many/much/(a) few/(a) LItf'- means hardly any, almost none and can be
little/several/one, two, etc. + of when a noun used with verv for emphasis.
follows, preceded by this, that, these, those, a, the
e.g. There's (very) little coffee left. We need to buy
or possessives.
some more.
e.g. Most of the people at the party were from work.
but: Most people like parties.

171 :


 ssessives .Demonstratives .. Quantifiers
Fill in many, much, how many, how much or a =- 21
lot (of).

1 A: Shall we go out tonight? 1 I have a lot of records, but very few/little/very little CDs.
B: I can't. I don't have ... much ... money, I'm afraid. 2 We have very little/very few/few spaghetti, so I can't
2 A: Can you help me, please? make spaghetti Bolognese.
B: I'm sorry. I haven't got ......... time at the moment. 3 I'm tired. I didn't get many/much/few sleep last night.
3 A:
............................ potatoes are in that bag? 4 I've made many/much/a lot of notes, but I haven"
B: Seven, I think. Why? written my essay yet.
4 A: What did you do on your holiday? 5 This coffee is bitter. It needs a few/a little/little more
sugar.
B: Well, I read ............... and I relaxed on the beach.
6 I have invited a few/a lot of/much people to the party.
5 A: There isn't .................... milk left.
I hope there will be room for them all.
B: Well, I'll buy some later this afternoon.
7 I don't have many/much/few time at the moment. I'll
6 A: .......................... homework have you got?
talk to you later.
B: Quite ........................... I'd better start now.
8 I, have had a few/very few/very little success in m
7 A: Did you enjoy your dinner?
search for a job.
B: Yes. I ate ......................... and I'm very full.
9 There are much/a lot of/a little reasons why he shoulo
8 A: Mark is a wonderful athlete.
go to university.
B: Yes. He has won ............................... competitions.
10 I'd love to come to the beach. I just need a few/a little
9 A: Are there ............................ flowers in the garden?
many minutes to get ready.
B: Yes, and they are beautiful too.
11 There are much/little/few people who are as har -
10 A: Are you very busy?
working as James.
B: No. I haven't got ................................ to do today.
12 I have little/a little/a few work to do before I can leav"
11 A: She has got .......................... clothes. 13 I made a lot/a little/a few biscuits this morning. Woul
B: I know. She wears something different every day.
you like to try one?
12 A: ................................ times have you seen this film? 14 There weren't few/much/many people in town toda)
B: Three times, but I always cry at the end.
It was very quiet.
13 A: ...................... food should we take on the picnic? 15 There is a little/little/a few chance of his getting t
B: Oh, enough for all four of us. "
job. He has no experience.
14 A: Have you travelled to ................................ places?
B: Yes, I go to a different country every year.

.~~ Fill in the gaps with too much or too many. Claire pushed the door open a 1) ...Iittle...and looked insi _
The house was small and there was not 2) .
furniture. There were a 3) chairs and a table, b -:
1 A: Would you like to spend the weekend with us?
there were very 4) signs of comfort. There WE
B: I can't. I have ... too many ... things to do.
not 5) light, but Claire could see that ths-=
2 A: Shall we go to London tomorrow?
were not 6) pictures or ornaments. It was c
B: No. It takes time to get there.
though the owner of the house spent very 7) .
3 A: I had a terrible nightmare last night.
time there. After a 8) more moments, she quie:'.
B: That's because you watch horror
closed the door and walked away.
films.
4 A: red meat is bad for your health.
B: I know. I rarely eat red meat.
5 A: There are people on this train. 2~ Add of where necessary.
B: I know. It's very crowded.
6 A: I have spent money this month. 1 A lot of. .. people have mobile phones these days.
B: You should have been more sensible. 2 Many her books are very old.
7 A: This sauce tastes awful. 3 Most children enjoy watching cartoons.
B: I think I put salt in it. 4 I've met several his colleagues.
8 A: I made food for the party. 5 A few birds were singing in the tree.
B: I know. There is a lot left over. 6 Have you ever seen any Bruce Willis' films-
9 A: There are books in this bag. 7 Some my friends live abroad.
B: I know. It's very heavy, isn't it? 8 One her books has won an award.
10 A: You are making noise. I can't concentrate. 9 I have hardly any free time at the mome :-
B: I'm sorry. I'll try to be quiet. 10 A few the guests arrived early.