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    Binding Q

    Uploaded by

    praveen alwis
    1. The document provides data on the mass and properties of electrons, protons, and neutrons. It then gives examples of calculating mass defect and binding energy for nuclear reactions and decays. 2. For the decay of 4He, the mass defect is calculated to be 5.03 x 10-29 kg, corresponding to a binding energy of 4.53 x 10-12 Joules or 2.83 x 107 electron volts. 3. Questions are provided asking the reader to calculate mass defect and binding energy for additional nuclear reactions and decays using the given mass data. Worked solutions are provided for five examples.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Binding Q

    Uploaded by

    praveen alwis
    80 views5 pages
    1. The document provides data on the mass and properties of electrons, protons, and neutrons. It then gives examples of calculating mass defect and binding energy for nuclear reactions and decays. 2. For the decay of 4He, the mass defect is calculated to be 5.03 x 10-29 kg, corresponding to a binding energy of 4.53 x 10-12 Joules or 2.83 x 107 electron volts. 3. Questions are provided asking the reader to calculate mass defect and binding energy for additional nuclear reactions and decays using the given mass data. Worked solutions are provided for five examples.

    Original Description:

    Binding energy

    Original Title

    Binding q

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    1. The document provides data on the mass and properties of electrons, protons, and neutrons. It then gives examples of calculating mass defect and binding energy for nuclear reactions and decays. 2. For the decay of 4He, the mass defect is calculated to be 5.03 x 10-29 kg, corresponding to a binding energy of 4.53 x 10-12 Joules or 2.83 x 107 electron volts. 3. Questions are provided asking the reader to calculate mass defect and binding energy for additional nuclear reactions and decays using the given mass data. Worked solutions are provided for five examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    80 views5 pages

    Binding Q

    Uploaded by

    praveen alwis
    1. The document provides data on the mass and properties of electrons, protons, and neutrons. It then gives examples of calculating mass defect and binding energy for nuclear reactions and decays. 2. For the decay of 4He, the mass defect is calculated to be 5.03 x 10-29 kg, corresponding to a binding energy of 4.53 x 10-12 Joules or 2.83 x 107 electron volts. 3. Questions are provided asking the reader to calculate mass defect and binding energy for additional nuclear reactions and decays using the given mass data. Worked solutions are provided for five examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Binding Energy and Mass defect

    Worked Examples and questions

    Data:

    Particle Relative Electric Relative Mass Mass (kg)


    Charge Charge (C) (u)
    Electron -1 -1.60 x 10-19 5.485779 x 10-4 9.109390 x 10-31
    Proton +1 +1.60 x 10-19 1.007276 1.672623 x 10-27
    Neutron 0 0 1.008665 1.674929 x 10-27

    1u = 1.6605 x 10-27 kg

    1eV = 1.60 x 10-19 Joules


    The 'cheating' equivalence shortcut
    1u= 931.5 MeV

    Problem
    4
    2H is the most abundant isotope of helium. Its mass is 6.6447x 10
    -27
    kg. What is
    a) The mass defect?
    b) The binding energy of the nucleus in joules?
    c) The binding energy of the nucleus in electron volts?
    Solution
    a) Mass of component parts m = 2p+2n
    = 2(1.672623 x 10-27) + 2(1.674929 x 10-27)
    m = 6.6950 x 10-27kg

    Mass defect = 6.6950 x 10-27kg - 6.6447x 10-27kg


    = 5.03 x 10-29kg

    b) Binding energy using E =mc2


    E = [5.03 x 10-29kg] x [3 x 108]2
    E = 4.53 x 10-12 Joules

    c) Binding energy = 4.53 x 10-12 x 1.60 x 10-19


    = 2.83 x 107 eV
    [ = 28.3 MeV ]
    Questions:

    1) 238
    U decays into 23490Th and an alpha particle
    92
    a) Write down the full decay equation
    b) How much energy is released.

    Mass of 23892U = 238.0508u


    Mass of 23490Th = 234.0426u
    Mass of 42 = 4.0026u

    2) Calculate the mass defect and binding energy the nuclide 10


    B where the mass
    5
    of 105B atom = 10.0129 u

    3) Oxygen has an unstable isotope O-17 that has a mass of 17.00454. If the mass
    of a neutron is 1.00898 u and the mass of a proton is 1.00814 u, calculate the
    binding energy of the oxygen nucleus in MeV.

    4) A thorium atom of mass 232.038 u decays by the emission of an alpha particle


    to a radium atom of mass 228.031 u. If the alpha particle has a mass of 4.003 u,
    how much energy in J is released in the process ?

    5) The fusion reaction below is one of the final stages in the fusion process that
    occurs in the Sun.

    2
    H + 3
    H 4
    He +
    1 1 2

    (a) Complete the reaction identifying the missing particle.

    (b) Calculate the energy released in the fusion reaction using the following
    information (you will also need the mass of the other particle).
    2
    H = 3.345 x 10-27 Kg
    1

    3
    H 5.008 x 10-27 Kg
    1

    4
    He 6.647 x 10-27 Kg
    2
    Solutions.

    1)
    238
    a) U
    92
    234
    90 Th + 42
    b) First calculate mass change

    238.0508u - (234.0426u + 4.0026u)


    mass change = 5.6 x 10-3u
    Convert to kg = 5.6 x 10-3u x 1.6605 x 10-27kg

    Mass defect = 9.2988 x 10-30


    Energy released E = mc2
    = 9.2988 x 10-30x (3x108)2
    = 8.36892 x 10-13 J

    2) Calculate the mass defect and binding energy the nuclide 10


    B where the mass
    5
    of 105B atom = 10.0129 u

    10
    5 B has 5 protons and 5 neutrons

    Total mass of nucleons = mass of protons + mass of neutrons


    = 5 [1.007276u] + 5 [1.008665u]
    = 5.03638u + 5.043325
    = 10.079705u

    Mass defect = Mass of nucleons - mass of 105B nucleus


    = 10.079705u - 10.0129 u
    = 0.066805

    Mass defect in Kg = 1.1093 x 10 -28


    Kg

    Binding Energy E = mc2


    = 1.1093 x 10 -28 x (3 x 108)2
    = 9.9836 x 10-12 J

    Binding Energy in eV = 9.9836 x 10-12 J / 1.6 x 10-19


    = 6.2398 x 107 eV
    = 624 MeV

    3) O-17 17
    8 O has 8 protons in the nucleus and 9 neutrons
    Total mass of nucleons = mass of protons + mass of neutrons
    = 8 [1.007276u] + 9 [1.008665u]
    = 8.058208u + 9.077985u
    = 17.136193u

    Mass defect = Mass of nucleons - mass of O17 nucleus


    = 17.136193u - 17.00454u
    = 0.131653u

    Mass defect in Kg = 0. 131653 x 1.6605 x 10-27


    = 2.186 x 10 -28 Kg

    Binding Energy E = mc2


    = 2.186 x 10 -28 x (3 x 108)2
    = 1.9675 x 10-11 J

    Binding Energy in eV = 1.9675 x 10-11 J / 1.6 x 10-19


    = 1.2297 x 108 eV
    = 123 MeV

    4)A thorium atom of mass 232.038 u decays by the emission of an alpha particle
    to a radium atom of mass 228.031 u. If the alpha particle has a mass of 4.003 u,
    how much energy in J is released in the process ?

    Write out the reaction first (words will do here)

    Thorium Radium + alpha particle

    Calculate mass of products and reactants in terms of u

    Reactants Products
    232.038u 228.031 + 4.003
    232.038u 232.034

    Calculate the difference = 232.038 - 232.034


    = 0.004u

    Energy released E = mc2


    = 0.004 x 1.66 x 10-27 x (3 x 10 8) 2

    = 5.976 x 10-13 J

    5)
    (a)
    2
    H + 3
    H 4
    He + 1
    n
    1 1 2 0

    (b) Calculate mass of products and reactants in Kg

    Reactants Products

    3.345 x 10-27 + 5.008 x 10-27 Kg 6.647 x 10-27 Kg + mass of neutron

    8.353 x 10-27 6.647 x 10 -27


    + 1.6605 x 10-27 x 1.008665

    Mass difference = 8.353 x 10-27 - 8.321888 x 10-27


    = 3.1112 x 10-29

    Energy released E = mc2


    = 3.1112 x 10-29 x (3x108)2
    = 2.80 x 10-12 J

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