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    Java AWT Tutorial

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    Vivekanandhan Vijayan
    The document discusses Java AWT and Swing. It defines AWT as an API for developing GUI applications in Java that uses platform-dependent components. It then defines Swing as a GUI toolkit built on AWT that uses platform-independent, lightweight components. It provides examples of creating simple applications with buttons in Swing.

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    Java AWT Tutorial

    Uploaded by

    Vivekanandhan Vijayan
    133 views8 pages
    The document discusses Java AWT and Swing. It defines AWT as an API for developing GUI applications in Java that uses platform-dependent components. It then defines Swing as a GUI toolkit built on AWT that uses platform-independent, lightweight components. It provides examples of creating simple applications with buttons in Swing.

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    The document discusses Java AWT and Swing. It defines AWT as an API for developing GUI applications in Java that uses platform-dependent components. It then defines Swing as a GUI toolkit built on AWT that uses platform-independent, lightweight components. It provides examples of creating simple applications with buttons in Swing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    133 views8 pages

    Java AWT Tutorial

    Uploaded by

    Vivekanandhan Vijayan
    The document discusses Java AWT and Swing. It defines AWT as an API for developing GUI applications in Java that uses platform-dependent components. It then defines Swing as a GUI toolkit built on AWT that uses platform-independent, lightweight components. It provides examples of creating simple applications with buttons in Swing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Java AWT Tutorial

    Java AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit) is an API to develop GUI or window-based


    applications in java.

    Java AWT components are platform-dependent i.e. components are displayed according
    to the view of operating system. AWT is heavyweight i.e. its components are using the
    resources of OS.

    The java.awt package provides classes for AWT api such as TextField, Label, TextArea,
    RadioButton, CheckBox, Choice, List etc.

    Java AWT Hierarchy


    The hierarchy of Java AWT classes are given below.
    Container
    The Container is a component in AWT that can contain another components like buttons,
    textfields, labels etc. The classes that extends Container class are known as container
    such as Frame, Dialog and Panel.

    Window
    The window is the container that have no borders and menu bars. You must use frame,
    dialog or another window for creating a window.

    Panel
    The Panel is the container that doesn't contain title bar and menu bars. It can have other
    components like button, textfield etc.

    Frame
    The Frame is the container that contain title bar and can have menu bars. It can have
    other components like button, textfield etc.

    Useful Methods of Component class

    Method Description

    public void add(Component c) inserts a component on this component.

    public void setSize(int width,int height) sets the size (width and height) of the
    component.

    public void setLayout(LayoutManager m) defines the layout manager for the


    component.

    public void setVisible(boolean status)


    1. import javax.swing.*;
    2. public class Simple {
    3. JFrame f;
    4. Simple(){
    5. f=new JFrame();//creating instance of JFrame
    6.
    7. JButton b=new JButton("click");//creating instance of JButton
    8. b.setBounds(130,100,100, 40);
    9.
    10. f.add(b);//adding button in JFrame
    11.
    12. f.setSize(400,500);//400 width and 500 height
    13. f.setLayout(null);//using no layout managers
    14. f.setVisible(true);//making the frame visible
    15. }
    16.
    17. public static void main(String[] args) {
    18. new Simple();
    19. }
    20. }

    Java Swing Tutorial


    Java Swing tutorial is a part of Java Foundation Classes (JFC) that is used to create
    window-based applications. It is built on the top of AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit)
    API and entirely written in java.

    Unlike AWT, Java Swing provides platform-independent and lightweight components.

    The javax.swing package provides classes for java swing API such as JButton, JTextField,
    JTextArea, JRadioButton, JCheckbox, JMenu, JColorChooser etc.

    Difference between AWT and Swing


    There are many differences between java awt and swing that are given below.
    No. Java AWT Java Swing

    1) AWT components are platform-dependent. Java swing components


    are platform-
    independent.

    2) AWT components are heavyweight. Swing components


    are lightweight.

    3) AWT doesn't support pluggable look and feel. Swing supports


    pluggable look and feel.

    4) AWT provides less components than Swing. Swing provides more


    powerful
    components such as
    tables, lists, scrollpanes,
    colorchooser, tabbedpane
    etc.

    5) AWT doesn't follows MVC(Model View Swing follows MVC.


    Controller) where model represents data, view
    represents presentation and controller acts as an
    interface between model and view.

    What is JFC
    The Java Foundation Classes (JFC) are a set of GUI components which simplify the
    development of desktop applications.

    Hierarchy of Java Swing classes


    The hierarchy of java swing API is given below.
    Commonly used Methods of Component class
    The methods of Component class are widely used in java swing that are given below.

    Method Description

    public void add(Component c) add a component on another component.

    public void setSize(int width,int height) sets size of the component.

    public void setLayout(LayoutManager m) sets the layout manager for the component.

    public void setVisible(boolean b) sets the visibility of the component. It is by


    default false.
    Java Swing Examples
    There are two ways to create a frame:

    o By creating the object of Frame class (association)

    o By extending Frame class (inheritance)

    We can write the code of swing inside the main(), constructor or any other method.

    Simple Java Swing Example


    Let's see a simple swing example where we are creating one button and adding it on the
    JFrame object inside the main() method.

    File: FirstSwingExample.java

    1. import javax.swing.*;
    2. public class FirstSwingExample {
    3. public static void main(String[] args) {
    4. JFrame f=new JFrame();//creating instance of JFrame
    5.
    6. JButton b=new JButton("click");//creating instance of JButton
    7. b.setBounds(130,100,100, 40);//x axis, y axis, width, height
    8.
    9. f.add(b);//adding button in JFrame
    10.
    11. f.setSize(400,500);//400 width and 500 height
    12. f.setLayout(null);//using no layout managers
    13. f.setVisible(true);//making the frame visible
    14. }
    15. }
    Java JButton
    The JButton class is used to create a labeled button that has platform independent
    implementation. The application result in some action when the button is pushed. It
    inherits AbstractButton class.

    JButton class declaration


    Let's see the declaration for javax.swing.JButton class.

    1. public class JButton extends AbstractButton implements Accessible

    Commonly used Constructors:

    Constructor Description

    JButton() It creates a button with no text and icon.

    JButton(String s) It creates a button with the specified text.

    JButton(Icon i) It creates a button with the specified icon object.

    Commonly used Methods of AbstractButton class:

    Methods Description

    void setText(String s) It is used to set specified text on button

    String getText() It is used to return the text of the button.

    void setEnabled(boolean b) It is used to enable or disable the button.

    void setIcon(Icon b) It is used to set the specified Icon on the


    button.

    Icon getIcon() It is used to get the Icon of the button.


    void setMnemonic(int a) It is used to set the mnemonic on the
    button.

    void It is used to add the action listener to this


    addActionListener(ActionListener a) object.

    ava JButton Example


    1. import javax.swing.*;
    2. public class ButtonExample {
    3. public static void main(String[] args) {
    4. JFrame f=new JFrame("Button Example");
    5. JButton b=new JButton("Click Here");
    6. b.setBounds(50,100,95,30);
    7. f.add(b);
    8. f.setSize(400,400);
    9. f.setLayout(null);
    10. f.setVisible(true);
    11. }
    12. }

    Output:

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