SHT1x and SHT7x Sample Code

Humidity & Temperature Sensor

Introduction
This application note presents an example of a code in C to achieve the following:

Readout of Humidity (RH) and Temperature (T) from SHT1x and SHT7x sensors with basic error handling

Calculation of RH linearization and temperature compensation

Access to status register

Dewpoint calculation from RH and T values

UART handling (communication with an external device such as a PC)

1. Sample Code
/***********************************************************************************
Project: SHT1x/7x demo program (V2.4)
Filename: SHT1x_sample_code.c

Prozessor: 80C51 family

Compiler: Keil Version 6.23a

Autor: MST
Copyrigth: (c) Sensirion AG
***********************************************************************************/
// Revisions:
// V2.4 calc_sht11() Coefficients for humidity and temperature conversion
// changed (for V4 sensors)
// calc_dewpoint() New formula for dew point calculation

#include <AT89s53.h> //Microcontroller specific library, e.g. port definitions

#include <intrins.h> //Keil library (is used for _nop()_ operation)
#include <math.h> //Keil library
#include <stdio.h> //Keil library

typedef union
{ unsigned int i;
float f;
} value;

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Application Note: SHT1x and SHT7x Sample Code

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// modul-var
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
enum {TEMP,HUMI};

#define DATA P1_1

#define SCK P1_0

#define noACK 0
#define ACK 1
//adr command r/w
#define STATUS_REG_W 0x06 //000 0011 0
#define STATUS_REG_R 0x07 //000 0011 1
#define MEASURE_TEMP 0x03 //000 0001 1
#define MEASURE_HUMI 0x05 //000 0010 1
#define RESET 0x1e //000 1111 0

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
char s_write_byte(unsigned char value)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// writes a byte on the Sensibus and checks the acknowledge
{
unsigned char i,error=0;
for (i=0x80;i>0;i/=2) //shift bit for masking
{ if (i & value) DATA=1; //masking value with i , write to SENSI-BUS
else DATA=0;
_nop_(); //observe setup time
SCK=1; //clk for SENSI-BUS
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_(); //pulswith approx. 5 us
SCK=0;
_nop_(); //observe hold time
}
DATA=1; //release DATA-line
_nop_(); //observe setup time
SCK=1; //clk #9 for ack
error=DATA; //check ack (DATA will be pulled down by SHT11)
SCK=0;
return error; //error=1 in case of no acknowledge
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
char s_read_byte(unsigned char ack)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// reads a byte form the Sensibus and gives an acknowledge in case of "ack=1"
{
unsigned char i,val=0;
DATA=1; //release DATA-line
for (i=0x80;i>0;i/=2) //shift bit for masking
{ SCK=1; //clk for SENSI-BUS
if (DATA) val=(val | i); //read bit
SCK=0;
}
DATA=!ack; //in case of "ack==1" pull down DATA-Line
_nop_(); //observe setup time
SCK=1; //clk #9 for ack
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_(); //pulswith approx. 5 us
SCK=0;
_nop_(); //observe hold time
DATA=1; //release DATA-line
return val;
}

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Application Note: SHT1x and SHT7x Sample Code

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void s_transstart(void)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// generates a transmission start
// _____ ________
// DATA: |_______|
// ___ ___
// SCK : ___| |___| |______
{
DATA=1; SCK=0; //Initial state
_nop_();
SCK=1;
_nop_();
DATA=0;
_nop_();
SCK=0;
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
SCK=1;
_nop_();
DATA=1;
_nop_();
SCK=0;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void s_connectionreset(void)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// communication reset: DATA-line=1 and at least 9 SCK cycles followed by transstart
// _____________________________________________________ ________
// DATA: |_______|
// _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___
// SCK : __| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |__| |______| |___| |______
{
unsigned char i;
DATA=1; SCK=0; //Initial state
for(i=0;i<9;i++) //9 SCK cycles
{ SCK=1;
SCK=0;
}
s_transstart(); //transmission start
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
char s_softreset(void)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// resets the sensor by a softreset
{
unsigned char error=0;
s_connectionreset(); //reset communication
error+=s_write_byte(RESET); //send RESET-command to sensor
return error; //error=1 in case of no response form the sensor
}

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
char s_read_statusreg(unsigned char *p_value, unsigned char *p_checksum)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// reads the status register with checksum (8-bit)
{
unsigned char error=0;
s_transstart(); //transmission start
error=s_write_byte(STATUS_REG_R); //send command to sensor
*p_value=s_read_byte(ACK); //read status register (8-bit)
*p_checksum=s_read_byte(noACK); //read checksum (8-bit)
return error; //error=1 in case of no response form the sensor
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
char s_write_statusreg(unsigned char *p_value)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// writes the status register with checksum (8-bit)
{
unsigned char error=0;
s_transstart(); //transmission start
error+=s_write_byte(STATUS_REG_W);//send command to sensor
error+=s_write_byte(*p_value); //send value of status register
return error; //error>=1 in case of no response form the sensor
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
char s_measure(unsigned char *p_value, unsigned char *p_checksum, unsigned char
mode)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// makes a measurement (humidity/temperature) with checksum
{
unsigned char error=0;
unsigned int i;

s_transstart(); //transmission start

switch(mode){ //send command to sensor
case TEMP : error+=s_write_byte(MEASURE_TEMP); break;
case HUMI : error+=s_write_byte(MEASURE_HUMI); break;
default : break;
}
for (i=0;i<65535;i++) if(DATA==0) break; //wait until sensor has finished the
measurement
if(DATA) error+=1; // or timeout (~2 sec.) is reached
*(p_value) =s_read_byte(ACK); //read the first byte (MSB)
*(p_value+1)=s_read_byte(ACK); //read the second byte (LSB)
*p_checksum =s_read_byte(noACK); //read checksum
return error;
}

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Application Note: SHT1x and SHT7x Sample Code

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void init_uart()
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//9600 bps @ 11.059 MHz
{SCON = 0x52;
TMOD = 0x20;
TCON = 0x69;
TH1 = 0xfd;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void calc_sth11(float *p_humidity ,float *p_temperature)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// calculates temperature [C] and humidity [%RH]
// input : humi [Ticks] (12 bit)
// temp [Ticks] (14 bit)
// output: humi [%RH]
// temp [C]
{ const float C1=-2.0468; // for 12 Bit RH
const float C2=+0.0367; // for 12 Bit RH
const float C3=-0.0000015955; // for 12 Bit RH
const float T1=+0.01; // for 12 Bit RH
const float T2=+0.00008; // for 12 Bit RH

float rh=*p_humidity; // rh: Humidity [Ticks] 12 Bit

float t=*p_temperature; // t: Temperature [Ticks] 14 Bit
float rh_lin; // rh_lin: Humidity linear
float rh_true; // rh_true: Temperature compensated humidity
float t_C; // t_C : Temperature [C]

t_C=t*0.01 - 40.1; //calc. temperature[C]from 14 bit temp.ticks @5V

rh_lin=C3*rh*rh + C2*rh + C1; //calc. humidity from ticks to [%RH]
rh_true=(t_C-25)*(T1+T2*rh)+rh_lin; //calc. temperature compensated humidity
[%RH]
if(rh_true>100)rh_true=100; //cut if the value is outside of
if(rh_true<0.1)rh_true=0.1; //the physical possible range

*p_temperature=t_C; //return temperature [C]

*p_humidity=rh_true; //return humidity[%RH]
}

//--------------------------------------------------------------------
float calc_dewpoint(float h,float t)
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// calculates dew point
// input: humidity [%RH], temperature [C]
// output: dew point [C]
{ float k,dew_point ;

k = (log10(h)-2)/0.4343 + (17.62*t)/(243.12+t);
dew_point = 243.12*k/(17.62-k);
return dew_point;
}

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Application Note: SHT1x and SHT7x Sample Code

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void main()
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// sample program that shows how to use SHT11 functions
// 1. connection reset
// 2. measure humidity [ticks](12 bit) and temperature [ticks](14 bit)
// 3. calculate humidity [%RH] and temperature [C]
// 4. calculate dew point [C]
// 5. print temperature, humidity, dew point

{ value humi_val,temp_val;
float dew_point;
unsigned char error,checksum;
unsigned int i;

init_uart();
s_connectionreset();
while(1)
{ error=0;
error+=s_measure((unsigned char*) &humi_val.i,&checksum,HUMI); //measure
humidity
error+=s_measure((unsigned char*) &temp_val.i,&checksum,TEMP); //measure
temperature
if(error!=0) s_connectionreset(); //in case of an error: connection reset
else
{ humi_val.f=(float)humi_val.i; //converts integer to float
temp_val.f=(float)temp_val.i; //converts integer to float
calc_sth11(&humi_val.f,&temp_val.f); //calculate humidity,
temperature
dew_point=calc_dewpoint(humi_val.f,temp_val.f); //calculate dew point
printf("temp:%5.1fC humi:%5.1f%% dew
point:%5.1fC\n",temp_val.f,humi_val.f,dew_point);
}
//----------wait approx. 0.8s to avoid heating up SHTxx-----------------------------
for (i=0;i<40000;i++); //(be sure that the compiler doesn't eliminate this line!)
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
}
}

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Application Note: SHT1x and SHT7x Sample Code

2. Revision History

Date Revision Changes

November 20, 2001 0.9 (Preliminary) Initial revision
February 19, 2001 1.00
July 10, 2002 2.00 Added delay of 0.8s between measurements to prevent selfheating
Connection reset only after error during transmission
Checks for RH<0% and >100%
October 23, 2002 2.01 Changed sign of Temperature coefficient T1 to match datasheet.
Oct. 17, 2003 2.02 Changed download link
July 15, 2004 2.03 Added comments about UART function
May 25, 2005 2.04 Changed company address
April, 28, 2006 2.05 The function calc_dewpoint is updated with the new Magnus parameters. This improves slightly
the accuracy at low humidity and low temperature.
Oct 3, 2006 2.06 Sensirion Inc. address added
November 24, 2010 2.07 Coefficients for humidity and temperature conversion changed (for V4 sensors) and addresses of
new sales offices added.

The latest version of this document and all application notes can be found at: www.sensirion.com/humidity

Copyright 2010, SENSIRION.

CMOSens is a trademark of Sensirion
All rights reserved

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