OWNERS

MANUAL
The Easiest
And Best Way
To Troubleshoot
1996 and
Newer OBD II
Vehicles!
Table of Contents

Title Page No.

INTRODUCTION
Congratulations! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
What is OBD? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

YOU CAN DO IT! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Safety First! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

ABOUT THE CODE READER

Vehicles Covered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Battery Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Display Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

PREPARATION FOR TESTING

Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Vehicle Service Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Preliminary Vehicle Diagnosis Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

USING THE CODE READER

Code Retrieval Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Erasing Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
I/M Readiness Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Whats Next? (road trip readiness, emissions test . . . . . . . . . . . 27
readiness, inspecting a used vehicle)

LEARNING MORE
Computer Engine Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
OBD 2 Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

DTC DEFINITIONS
Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Generic DTC Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Manufacturer Specific Codes - Chrysler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Manufacturer Specific Codes - Ford . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Manufacturer Specific Codes - General Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Manufacturer Specific Codes - Honda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Manufacturer Specific Codes - Toyota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

GLOSSARY
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

WARRANTY AND SERVICING

Limited One Year Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Service Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

i OBD2
 Introduction
CONGRATULATIONS!

CONGRATULATIONS!
on your choice of OBD 2 Code Reader. This
powerful tool will help you take charge of your
vehicles maintenance and servicing needs.
Todays vehicles use Computer Control
Systems to ensure peak per-formance and
fuel efficiency while reducing pollutants in
the vehicles emissions. These systems also
have the ability to perform self-testing and diagnostics on various
vehicle systems and components, and provide valuable information to
aid in servicing and repair.
However, these sophisticated systems often required expensive tools
and test equipment in order to retrieve this information. Until now,
consumers had to rely on professional service technicians to maintain
their vehicles in top condition.
OBD 2 Code Reader brings the power of the technician into your
hands in a cost-effective, easy-to-use package. Whether you are a
put the key in and go consumer, hobby mechanic or skilled DIYer,
Code Reader offers the features and functions you need to take
control of your vehicles testing, servicing and maintenance needs.

OBD 2 Code Reader helps you . . . .

Save time and money by locating and identifying problems
before servicing your vehicle
Access the same information your mechanic has - for less
Prevent future costly repairs and maintain engine per-
formance with routine inspections
See if youre ready for an emissions test (smog check)
Check your vehicle for road trip readiness
Turn off the CHECK ENGINE light
Inspect a used vehicle before buying or selling
. . . . and more!

OBD 2 1
Introduction
WHAT IS OBD?

WHAT IS OBD?
OBD 2 Code Reader is designed to work on all OBD 2 compliant
vehicles. All 1996 and newer vehicles (cars, light trucks and
SUVs) sold in the United States are OBD 2 compliant.
One of the most exciting improvements in the
automobile industry was the addition of on-
board diagnostics (OBD) on vehicles, or in
more basic terms, the computer that
activates the vehicles CHECK ENGINE
light. OBD1 was designed to monitor
manufacturer-specific systems on vehicles built
from 1981 to 1995. Then came the development
of OBD 2, which is on all 1996 and newer vehicles sold in the U.S.
Like its predecessor, OBD 2 was adopted as part of a government
mandate to lower vehicle emissions. But what makes OBD 2 unique
is its universal application for all late model cars and trucks - domestic
and import. This sophisticated program in the vehicles main
computer system is designed to detect failures in a range of systems,
and can be accessed through a universal OBD 2 port, which is
usually found under the dashboard. For all OBD systems, if a
problem is found, the computer turns on the CHECK ENGINE light
to warn the driver, and sets a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) to
identify where the problem occurred. A special diagnostic tool, such
as OBD 2 Code Reader, is required to retrieve these codes, which
consumers and professionals use as a starting point for repairs.

To learn more about vehicle Computer Control Systems and

OBD 2, see COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS on page 29.

2 OBD 2


OBD 2
indicators.

Definition list.
automatically.
Easy To Use . . . .

Easy To View . . . .

Easy To Define . . . .
vehicles test connector.

DO NOT start the engine.

Turn the ignition key "On.

and displays I/M Readiness status.

Readers LCD display screen; I/M

Connect Code Reader to the

Codes are displayed on Code

Code Reader turns On and LINKs

Code Reader retrieves stored codes

Locate fault code(s) in the Fault Code

Readiness status is displayed by LED
44 l e m
P V va l l tiv E is em De
04 a p e m s p fi
E lve ora ak e E is io er ni

iev
) m s n a tio
P
45 V va C tiv i
a po ir e is on Co tur n

in
04 E lv r c si C n e
on o tr B
46 V va e at ui Em
C t n o
g
P a p i iv M is C tr l S elo
04 E lv or rc e a s on ol y w
47 C va e at ui Em lfu ion
P C t tr S st T
ol ys em hr
ir p i iv O is nc C
04 E c or rc e p s t o S tem M es
48 C v uit at ui Em en ion ion nt
a t ro
ys h
P ir p M iv S is C l
te In alf ol
04 E c or a e h s on S m co u d (
49 C va uit at lfu Em or ion
t t ro
ys L rr nct Ba
P ir po O ive nc is ed C l
te ea ec io
04 E c r p t s on S m k t n
50 S va uit at en Em ion ion tr ys P D Pu
o p S iv is C ol te u et r
si S m rg ec ge
E len ora ho e E on e te F
on tr ys P C d lo
1 M vap oid tiv rte m
C te u w
a d iss ol
m rg on
E lfu ora Ci e E io on S e tr
n tr ys P C ol
R va nc tiv rcu m
an po t e i is C ol te u on
r i o t s o S m rg
t
ge a n E M io n e
/ t m a n tr ys V C
ro
l
po Pe ve i is lf C ol te en on
r rf E si un on S m t tr
on c t ys V C
n ati or m
pu v m is r te en on ol
C tio ol
t e E an si on n S m t tr
ys V C ol
iv m ce on tr
t e o n
e is C ol em n
E si on S t tr
o
C l
EASY TO USE - EASY TO VIEW - EASY TO DEFINE
You Can Do It!

m on t ys V

3
o
Safety Precautions
SAFETY FIRST!

SAFETY FIRST!

To avoid personal injury, instrument damage and/or

damage to your vehicle; do not use Code Reader
before reading this manual.

This manual describes common test procedures used

by experienced service technicians. Many test
procedures require precautions to avoid accidents that
can result in personal injury, and/or damage to your
vehicle or test equipment. Always read your vehicle's service
manual and follow its safety precautions before and during
any test or service procedure. ALWAYS observe the
following general safety precautions:
When an engine is running, it produces carbon
monoxide, a toxic and poisonous gas. To prevent
serious injury or death from carbon monoxide
poisoning, operate the vehicle ONLY in a well-
ventilated area.

To protect your eyes from propelled objects as well as

hot or caustic liquids, always wear approved safety
eye protection.

When an engine is running, many parts (such as the

coolant fan, pulleys, fan belt etc.) turn at high speed.
To avoid serious injury, always be aware of moving
parts. Keep a safe distance from these parts as well as
other potentially moving objects.

Engine parts become very hot when the engine is

running. To prevent severe burns, avoid contact with
hot engine parts.

Before starting an engine for testing or trouble-

shooting, make sure the parking brake is engaged. Put
P RND L the transmission in park (for automatic transmission)
or neutral (for manual transmission). Block the drive
wheels with suitable blocks.
Connecting or disconnecting test equipment when the
ignition is ON can damage test equipment and the
vehicle's electronic components. Turn the ignition OFF
before connecting Code Reader to or disconnecting
Code Reader from the vehicles Data Link Connector
(DLC).

4 OBD 2
 Safety Precautions
SAFETY FIRST!

To prevent damage to the on-board computer when taking

vehicle electrical measurements, always use a digital
multimeter with at least 10 megOhms of impedance.

The vehicle's battery produces highly flammable hydrogen

gas. To prevent an explosion, keep all sparks, heated items
and open flames away from the battery.

Don't wear loose clothing or jewelry when working on an

engine. Loose clothing can become caught in the fan,
pulleys, belts, etc. Jewelry is highly conductive, and can
cause a severe burn if it makes contact between a power
source and ground.

OBD 2 5
About Code Reader
VEHICLES COVERED

VEHICLES COVERED
OBD 2 Code Reader is designed to work on all OBD 2 compliant
vehicles. All 1996 and newer vehicles (cars and light trucks) sold in
the United States are OBD 2 compliant.
Federal law requires that all 1996 and newer cars and light
trucks sold in the United States must be OBD 2 compliant;
this includes all Domestic, Asian and European vehicles.
Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles are OBD 2 compliant. To find out if a
1994 or 1995 vehicle is OBD 2 compliant, check the following:
1. The Vehicle Emissions Control Information (VECI) Label. This
label is located under the hood or by the radiator of most vehicles. If
the vehicle is OBD 2 compliant, the label will state OBD II Certified.

VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION

ENGINE FAMILY EFN2.6YBT2BA OBD II

DISPLACEMENT 2.6L CERTIFIED
VEHICLE THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U.S. EPA AND STATE
MANUFACTURER OF CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO
1999 MODEL YEAR NEW TLEV PASSENGER CARS. OBD II
REFER TO SERVICE MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
TUNE-UP CONDITIONS: NORMAL OPERATING ENGINE TEMPERATURE, CERTIFIED
ACCESSORIES OFF, COOLING FAN OFF, TRANSMISSION IN NEUTRAL
EXHAUST EMISSIONS STANDARDS STANDARD CATEGORY
CERTIFICATION TLEV
IN-USE TLEV INTERMEDIATE

SPARK PLUG
TYPE NGK BPRE-11 CATALYST
GAP: 1.1MM

2. Government Regulations require that

all OBD 2 compliant vehicles must 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
have a common sixteen-pin Data 9 10111213141516
Link Connector (DLC).
Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles have 16-pin connectors but
are not OBD 2 compliant. Only those vehicles with a Vehicle
Emissions Control Label stating OBD II Certified are OBD
2 compliant.
Beginning in 2003, a very limited number of manufacturers
(including Ford, General Motors, Mazda and Saab) began
using a new computer protocol called Controller Area
Network (CAN) on some OBD 2 vehicles. In basic terms,
CAN allows manufacturers to increase and diversify the
speed at which the computer communicates with different
systems in the vehicle. CAN will be mandatory on all cars by
2008. The OBD 2 Code Reader is compatible with all OBD
2 protocols, including CAN.

6 OBD 2
 About Code Reader
BATTERY REPLACEMENT

Data Link Connector (DLC) Location

The 16-pin DLC is usually
located under the instrument
panel (dash), within 12 inches
(300 mm) of center of the
panel, on the drivers side of
most vehicles. It should be
easily accessible and visible
NEAR BEHIND
from a kneeling position CENTER ASHTRAY
outside the vehicle with the LEFT CORNER
OF DASH
OF DASH
door open.
On some Asian and European vehicles the DLC is located
behind the ashtray (the ashtray must be removed to
access it) or on the far left corner of the dash. If the DLC
cannot be located, consult the vehicles service manual for
the location.

BATTERY REPLACEMENT
1. Locate the battery cover on the back of Code Reader.
2. Lift the battery cover off (use your finger or a small coin).
3. Replace batteries with two AA-size batteries (for longer life, use
Alkaline-type batteries).
4. Reinstall the battery cover on the back of Code Reader.
This tool has an early low battery warning. If a low battery
condition is detected when the Code Reader is turned "On",
the battery icon and the three LEDs will flash every second
for 10 seconds to warn you that it's time to replace the
batteries. It is suggested that you replace the batteries at
this time. The Code Reader will not turn "On" (when
disconnected from a vehicle) if the batteries go dead.

OBD 2 7
About Code Reader
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

5 8
6

7
1 4

2 3
9

10

Figure 1. Controls and Indicators

See Figure 1 for the locations of items 1 through 9, below.

1. ERASE button - Erases Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

and "Freeze Frame" data from your vehicle's computer, and resets
Monitor status.

2. SCROLL button - Scrolls the LCD display to view DTCs

when more than one DTC is present.

3. LINK button - Links Code Reader with the vehicle's PCM to

retrieve DTCs from the computer's memory, and to view I/M
Readiness Monitor status.

4. POWER button - Turns Code Reader "On" and "Off.

5. GREEN LED - Indicates that all engine systems are running

normally (all Monitors on the vehicle are active and performing
their diagnostic testing, and no DTCs are present).

6. YELLOW LED - Indicates there is a possible problem. A

Pending DTC is present and/or some of the vehicle's emission
monitors have not run their diagnostic testing.

7. RED LED - Indicates there is a problem in one or more of the

vehicle's systems. The red LED is also used to show that DTC(s)
are present. DTCs are shown on Code Readers LCD display. In
this case, the Multifunction Indicator (Check Engine) lamp on the
vehicle's instrument panel will light steady on.

8 OBD 2
 About Code Reader
DISPLAY FUNCTIONS

8. LCD Display - Displays test results, Code Reader functions and

Monitor status information. See DISPLAY FUNCTIONS, below, for
details.
9. Cable - Connects Code Reader to the vehicle's Data Link
Connector (DLC).
10. USB Connector - Used to connect USB cable when transferring
data batween Code Reader and personal computer.

DISPLAY FUNCTIONS
11 9 10 7

1
2 8
3
4
6

5
Figure 2. Display Functions

See Figure 2 for the locations of items 1 through 13, below.

1. Vehicle icon - Indicates whether or not Code Reader is being

properly powered through the vehicle's Data Link Connector
(DLC). A visible icon indicates that Code Reader is being powered
through the vehicle's DLC connector.

2. Link icon - Indicates whether or not Code Reader is com-

municating (linked) with the vehicle's on-board computer. When
visible, Code Reader is communicating with the computer. If the
Link icon is not visible, Code Reader is not communicating with the
computer.

3. Computer icon - When visible, indicates the Code Reader is

connected to a ppersonal computer to upload or download data
(PC Link is an optional accessory).

4. Internal Battery icon - When visible, indicates the Code

Reader batteries are "low" and should be replaced.
5. DTC Display Area - Displays the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
number. Each fault is assigned a code number that is specific to
that fault.

OBD 2 9
About Code Reader
DISPLAY FUNCTIONS

6. FREEZE FRAME icon - Indicates that there is Freeze Frame data

from Priority Code (Code #1) stored in the vehicles computer
memory.
7. MIL icon - Indicates the status of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp
(MIL). The MIL icon is visible only when a DTC has commanded
the MIL on the vehicle's dashboard to light.
8. Code Number Sequence - Code Reader assigns a sequence
number to each DTC that is present in the computer's memory,
starting with "01. This helps keep track of the number of DTCs
present in the computer's memory. Code number "01" is always
the highest priority code, and the one for which "Freeze Frame"
data has been stored.
If "01" is a "Pending" code, "Freeze Frame" data may or
may not be stored in the vehicles computer memory.
9. CODE icon - Identifies the Code Number Sequence display area.
10. Pending icon - Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a
"Pending" code.
11. Monitor icons - Indicates which Monitors are supported by the
vehicle under test, and whether or not the associated Monitor has
run its diagnostic testing (Monitor status). When a Monitor icon is
solid, it indicates that the associated Monitor has completed its
diagnostic testing. When a Monitor icon is flashing, it indicates
that the vehicle supports the associated Monitor, but the Monitor
has not yet run its diagnostic testing.

10 OBD 2
 About Code Reader
DISPLAY FUNCTIONS

To learn more about Monitors, what they do, and how they
work, see OBD 2 MONITORS on page 38.

A maximum of eleven Monitors are used

on OBD 2 systems. Not all vehicles support
all eleven Monitors. When Code Reader is
linked to a vehicle, only the icons for
Monitors that are supported by the vehicle
under test are visible on the display.
Following is a list of Monitor icons and their associated
Monitors.

= Misfire Monitor

= Fuel System Monitor

= Comprehensive Component Monitor

= Catalyst Monitor

= Heated Catalyst Monitor

= Evaporative System Monitor

= Secondary Air System Monitor

= Air Conditioning System Refrigerant (R-12)

Monitor

= Oxygen Sensor Monitor

= Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor

= Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Monitor

OBD 2 11
Preparation for Testing
BEFORE YOU BEGIN

BEFORE YOU BEGIN

OBD 2 Code Reader aids in
monitoring electronic- and
emissions-related faults in
your vehicle and retrieving
fault codes related to
malfunctions in these systems.
Mechanical problems such as
low oil level or damaged hoses, wiring or electrical connectors can
cause poor engine performance and may also cause a "false" fault
code. Fix any known mechanical problems before performing any test.
See your vehicle's service manual or a mechanic for more information.
Check the following areas before starting any test:
Check the engine oil, power steering fluid, transmission fluid (if
applicable), engine coolant and other fluids for proper levels.
Top off low fluid levels if needed.
Make sure the air filter is clean and in good condition. Make sure
all air filter ducts are properly connected. Check the air filter ducts
for holes, rips or cracks.
Make sure all engine belts are in good condition. Check for
cracked, torn, brittle, loose or missing belts.
Make sure mechanical linkages to engine sensors (throttle,
gearshift position, transmission, etc.) are secure and properly
connected. See your vehicle's service manual for locations.
Check all rubber hoses (radiator) and steel hoses (vacuum/fuel)
for leaks, cracks, blockage or other damage. Make sure all hoses
are routed and connected properly.
Make sure all spark plugs are clean and in good condition. Check
for damaged, loose, disconnected or missing spark plug wires.
Make sure the battery terminals are clean and tight. Check for
corrosion or broken connections. Check for proper battery and
charging system voltages.
Check all electrical wiring and harnesses for proper connection.
Make sure wire insulation is in good condition, and there are no
bare wires.
Make sure the engine is mechanically sound. If needed, perform a
compression check, engine vacuum check, timing check (if
applicable), etc.

12 OBD 2
 Preparation for Testing
VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS

VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS

Always refer to the manufacturer's service manual for your vehicle
before performing any test or repair procedures. Contact your local
car dealership, auto parts store or bookstore for availability of these
manuals. The following companies publish valuable repair manuals:
Haynes Publications
861 Lawrence Drive
Newbury Park, California 91320
Phone: 800-442-9637
Mitchell International
14145 Danielson Street
Poway, California 92064
Phone: 888-724-6742
Motor Publications
5600 Crooks Road, Suite 200
Troy, Michigan 48098
Phone: 800-426-6867
FACTORY SOURCES
Ford, GM, Chrysler, Honda, Isuzu, Hyundai and Subaru Service
Manuals
Helm Inc.
14310 Hamilton Avenue
Highland Park, Michigan 48203
Phone: 800-782-4356

OBD 2 13
Preparation for Testing
PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET

PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET

The purpose of this form is to help you gather preliminary information
on your vehicle before you retrieve codes. By having a complete
account of your vehicle's current problem(s), you will be able to
systematically pinpoint the problem(s) by comparing your answers to
the fault codes you retrieve. You can also provide this information to
your mechanic to assist in diagnosis and help avoid costly and
unnecessary repairs. It is important for you to complete this form to help
you and/or your mechanic have a clear understanding of your vehicle's
problems.

NAME:
DATE:
VIN*:
YEAR:
MAKE:
MODEL:
ENGINE SIZE:
VEHICLE MILEAGE:
*VIN: Vehicle Identification Number, found at the base of the
windshield on a metallic plate, or at the driver door latch area (consult
your vehicle owner's manual for location).
TRANSMISSION:
Automatic
Manual

Please check all applicable items in each category.

DESCRIBE THE PROBLEM:

14 OBD 2
 Preparation for Testing
PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET

WHEN DID YOU FIRST NOTICE THE PROBLEM:

Just Started
Started Last Week
Started Last Month
Other:

LIST ANY REPAIRS DONE IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS:

PROBLEMS STARTING
No symptoms Cranks, but will not start
Will not crank Starts, but takes a long time

ENGINE QUITS OR STALLS

No symptoms Right after vehicle comes to a stop
Right after starting While idling
When shifting into gear During acceleration
During steady-speed driving When parking

IDLING CONDITIONS
No symptoms Is sometimes too fast or too slow
Is too slow at all times Is rough or uneven
Is too fast Fluctuates up and down

RUNNING CONDITIONS
No symptoms Backfires
Runs rough Misfires or cuts out
Lacks power Engine knocks, pings or rattles
Bucks and jerks Surges
Poor fuel economy Dieseling or run-on
Hesitates or stumbles on
accelerations

OBD 2 15
Preparation for Testing
PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION PROBLEMS (if applicable)

No symptoms Vehicle does not move when in
Shifts too early or too late gear
Changes gear incorrectly Jerks or bucks

PROBLEM OCCURS
Morning Afternoon Anytime

ENGINE TEMPERATURE WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS

Cold Warm Hot

DRIVING CONDITIONS WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS

Short - less than 2 miles With headlights on
2 - 10 miles During acceleration
Long - more than 10 miles Mostly driving downhill
Stop and go Mostly driving uphill
While turning Mostly driving level
While braking Mostly driving curvy roads
At gear engagement Mostly driving rough roads
With A/C operating

DRIVING HABITS
Mostly city driving Drive less than 10 miles per day
Highway Drive 10 to 50 miles per day
Park vehicle inside Drive more than 50 miles per day
Park vehicle outside

GASOLINE USED
87 Octane 91 Octane
89 Octane More than 91 Octane

WEATHER CONDITIONS WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS

32 - 55 F (0 - 13 C) Above 55 F (13 C)
Below freezing (32 F / 0 C)

CHECK ENGINE LIGHT / DASH WARNING LIGHT

Sometimes ON Always ON Never ON
PECULIAR SMELLS
"Hot" Gasoline
Sulfur ("rotten egg") Burning oil
Burning rubber Electrical

STRANGE NOISES
Rattle Squeak
Knock Other

16 OBD 2
 Using Code Reader
CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE

CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE

Retrieving and using Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) for

troubleshooting vehicle operation is only one part of an
overall diagnostic strategy.

Never replace a part based only on the DTC definition.

Each DTC has a set of testing procedures, instructions
and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the
location of the problem. This information is found in the
vehicle's service manual. Always refer to the vehicle's
service manual for detailed testing instructions.
Check your vehicle thoroughly before performing
any test. See Preparation for Testing on page 12 for
details.
ALWAYS observe safety precautions whenever working on
a vehicle. See Safety Precautions on page 4 for more
information.
1. Turn the ignition off.
2. Locate the vehicle's 16-pin Data Link
Connector (DLC). See page 7 for
connector location.
Some DLCs have a plastic cover
that must be removed before
connecting the Code Reader
cable connector.
3. Turn the Code Reader off and connect the
Code Reader cable connector to the
vehicle's DLC. The cable connector is
keyed and will only fit one way.
If you have problems connecting the cable connector to the
DLC, rotate the connector 180 and try again.
If you still have problems, check the DLC on the vehicle and on
the Code Reader. Refer to your vehicle's service manual to
properly check the vehicle's DLC.
After the Code Reader's cable is
successfully connected to the vehicles
DLC, the Code Reader automatically
turns On and establishes com-
munication with the vehicles
computer. The word rEAd will show
on the LCD display. Proceed to step 4.

OBD 2 17
Using Code Reader
CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE

If the Code Reader does not turn on automatically when

connected to the vehicle, it indicates that there is no power at
the vehicle's DLC. Check your fuse panel and replace any
burned-out fuses.
If replacing the fuse(s) does not correct the problem, consult
your vehicle's repair manual to locate the proper computer
(PCM) fuse/circuit. Perform any necessary repairs before
continuing.
4. Turn the ignition on. DO NOT start the
engine.
If the ignition key is not turned
"ON" within 10 seconds after
the Code Reader is connected
to a vehicle, an Error mes-
sage will show on the Code
Reader's LCD display. At
times, an error message may
display after you turn the
ignition key on. If this happens,
wait for the Code Reader to
automatically re-link to the
vehicle's computer.
After 10-60 seconds, the Code
Reader will retrieve and display any
diagnostic information (trouble
codes, Monitor status) stored in the
vehicle's computer memory.
If the Code Reader does not retrieve vehicle diagnostic
information and keeps cycling between "rEAd" and Error on
the LCD display, it indicates that the Code Reader is unable to
communicate with vehicle's computer. Do the following:
- Turn the ignition key off, wait 10 seconds and turn the key
back on to reset the computer.
- Make sure your vehicle is OBD 2 compliant. See VEHICLES
COVERED on page 6 for vehicle compliance verification
information.
If the Code Reader is interrupted or disconnected during
code retrieval procedure, the screen will display "Error".
6. Read and interpret the Diagnostic Trouble Codes using the LCD
display and the green, yellow and red LEDs.
The green, yellow and red LEDs are used (with the LCD
display) as visual aids to make it easier for the user to
determine engine system conditions.

18 OBD 2
 Using Code Reader
CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE

Green LED - Indicates that all engine systems are "OK" and
running normally. All monitors on the vehicle are active and are
performing their diagnostic testing, and no trouble codes are
present. A zero will show on Code Readers LCD display for
further confirmation.
Yellow LED - Indicates one of the following conditions:
PENDING CODE PRESENT - If the yellow LED is lit, it may
indicate the existence of a pending code. Check Code Readers
LCD display for confirmation. A pending code is confirmed by
the presence of a numeric code and the word PENDING on
Code Readers LCD display. If no pending code is shown, the
yellow LED indicates Monitor Status (see the following). See
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs) on page 35 for more
information about pending codes.
MONITOR STATUS - If Code Readers LCD display shows a
zero (indicating there are no DTCs present in the vehicle's
computer), but the yellow LED is lit, it indicates a "Monitor Has
Not Run" status. This means that some of the Monitors on the
vehicle have not yet finished their diagnostic self-testing. This
condition is confirmed by one or more blinking Monitor icons
on the LCD display. A blinking Monitor icon means the Monitor
has not yet run and finished its diagnostic self-testing. All
Monitor icons that are solid have completed their diagnostic
self-testing.
For more information on Monitors, see OBD 2
Monitors on page 38.
Red LED - Indicates there is a problem with one or more of the
vehicle's systems. The red LED is also used to show that
DTC(s) are present (displayed on Code Readers LCD display).
In this case, the Multifunction Indicator (Check Engine) lamp on
the vehicle's instrument panel will light steady on.
Code Reader will automatically re-link to the vehicle's
computer every 15 seconds to refresh the data being
retrieved. When data is being refreshed, a single beep
will sound, and "rEAd" will be shown on the LCD
display for 5-6 seconds. Code Reader will then beep
twice and return to displaying codes. This action
repeats as long as Code Reader is in communication
with the vehicle's computer.
Code Reader will display a code only if codes are
present in the vehicle's computer memory. If no codes
are present, a "0" will be displayed. Code Reader is
capable of retrieving and storing up to 32 codes in
memory, for immediate or later viewing.

OBD 2 19
Using Code Reader
ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)

7. If more than one code is present, press and release the SCROLL
button, as necessary, to display additional codes.
Whenever the SCROLL function is used to view additional
codes, Code Reader's communication link with the vehicle's
computer disconnects. To re-establish communication, press
the LINK button again.
Freeze Frame data is always associated with the Priority
Code (identified as Code #1 in the Code Readers display).
If the FREEZE FRAME icon is lit when the Priority Code
(Code #1) is displayed on the Code Readers screen, it
indicates that there is Freeze Frame data associated with
this code, and the vehicles computer has saved it in its
memory.
8. To prolong battery life, Code Reader automatically turns "Off"
approximately one minute after it is disconnected from the vehicle.
Retrieved codes remain in Code Reader's memory, and may be
viewed at any time by turning the unit "On. If Code Reader's
batteries are removed, or if Code Reader is re-linked to a
vehicle to retrieve codes, any codes currently in its memory
are automatically cleared.
Refer to page 45 for Diagnostic Trouble Code definitions. Match the
retrieved DTC(s) with those listed. Read the associated definition(s),
and see the vehicle's service manual for further evaluation.

ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)

When Code Readers ERASE function is used to erase
the DTCs from the vehicle's on-board computer,
"Freeze Frame" data and manufacturer-specific
enhanced data are also erased.
If you plan to take the vehicle to a Service Center for repair, DO NOT
erase the codes from the vehicle's computer. If the codes are erased,
valuable information that might help the technician troubleshoot the
problem will also be erased.
Erase DTCs from the computer's memory as follows:
When DTCs are erased from the vehicle's computer
memory, the I/M Readiness Monitor Status program resets
status of all the Monitors to a not run "flashing" condition. To
set all of the Monitors to a DONE status, an OBD 2 Drive
Cycle must be performed. Refer to your vehicle's service
manual for information on how to perform an OBD 2 Drive
Cycle for the vehicle under test.

20 OBD 2
 Using Code Reader
I/M READINESS TESTING

1. Perform the Code Retrieval Procedure

as described on page 17.
2. Wait until the codes are displayed on
the Code Reader's LCD and then
proceed to step 3.
3. Press and release Code Reader 's
ERASE button. The LCD display
will indicate "SurE" for your confirmation.
If you change your mind and do not
wish to erase the codes, press the
LINK button to return to the
code retrieval function.
If you wish to continue, press and release the ERASE
button again.
The LCD will display "donE" for a
few seconds, and then will auto-
matically enter the re-link (read)
mode to confirm that all retrievable
information including DTCs, have
been successfully erased/cleared
from the computer memory.
If the erase was successful, the LCD
display will show zero (0) codes, and
some of the Monitors icons will be
flashing to indicate that the Monitors
have been re-set.
Erasing DTCs does not fix the problem(s) that caused the
code(s) to be set. If proper repairs to correct the problem
that caused the code(s) to be set are not made, the code(s)
will appear again (and the check engine light will illuminate)
as soon as the vehicle is driven long enough for its Monitors
to complete their testing.

I/M READINESS TESTING

I/M is an Inspection and Maintenance program legislated by the
Government to meet federal clean-air standards.
The program requires that a vehicle be taken periodically to an
Emissions Station for an "Emissions Test" or "Smog Check, where
the emissions-related components and systems are inspected and
tested for proper operation. Emissions Tests are generally performed
once a year, or once every two years.

OBD 2 21
Using Code Reader
I/M READINESS TESTING

On OBD 2 systems, the I/M program is enhanced by requiring vehicles

to meet stricter test standards. One of the tests instituted by the Federal
Government is called I/M 240. On I/M 240, the vehicle under test is
driven under different speeds and load conditions on a dynamometer for
240 seconds, while the vehicle's emissions are measured.
Emissions tests vary depending on the geographic or
regional area in which the vehicle is registered. If the vehicle
is registered in a highly urbanized area, the I/M 240 is
probably the type of test required. If the vehicle is registered
in a rural area, the stricter dynamometer type test may not
be required.

I/M Readiness Monitors

I/M Readiness shows whether the various emissions-related systems
on the vehicle are operating properly and are ready for Inspection
and Maintenance testing.
State and Federal Governments enacted Regulations, Procedures
and Emission Standards to ensure that all emissions-related
components and systems are continuously or periodically
monitored, tested and diagnosed whenever the vehicle is in
operation. It also requires vehicle manufacturers to automatically
detect and report any problems or faults that may increase the
vehicle's emissions to an unacceptable level.
The vehicle's emissions control system consists of several
components or sub-systems (Oxygen Sensor, Catalytic Converter,
EGR, Fuel System, etc.) that aid in reducing vehicle emissions.
To have an efficient Vehicle Emission Control System, all the
emissions-related components and systems must work correctly
whenever the vehicle is in operation.
To comply with State and Federal Government regulations, vehicle
manufacturers designed a series of special computer programs called
"Monitors" that are programmed into the vehicle's computer. Each of
these Monitors is specifically designed to run tests and diagnostics on
a specific emissions-related component or system (Oxygen Sensor,
Catalytic Converter, EGR Valve, Fuel System, etc.) to ensure their
proper operation. Currently, there are a maximum of eleven Monitors
available for use.

22 OBD 2
 Using Code Reader
I/M READINESS TESTING

To learn more about Emissions Inspection and Maintenance

(I/M) Readiness Monitors, see OBD 2 MONITORS on page 38.

Each Monitor has a specific function to test

and diagnose only its designated emissions-
related component or system. The names of
the Monitors (Oxygen Sensor Monitor, Catalyst
Monitor, EGR Monitor, Misfire Monitor, etc.)
describe which component or system each Monitor
is designed to test and diagnose.

Emissions Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) Readiness

Monitor Status Information

I/M Readiness Monitor Status shows which of the vehicle's Monitors
have run and completed their diagnosis and testing, and which ones
have not yet run and completed testing and diagnosis of their
designated sections of the vehicle's emissions system.
If a Monitor was able to meet all the conditions required to enable it
to perform the self-diagnosis and testing of its assigned engine
system, it means the monitor "HAS RUN.
If a Monitor has not yet met all the conditions required for it to
perform the self-diagnosis and testing of its assigned engine
system; it means the Monitor "HAS NOT RUN.
The Monitor Run/Not Run status does not show
whether or not a problem exists in a system. Monitor
status only indicates whether a particular Monitor has
or has not run and performed the self-diagnosis and
testing of its associated system.

Performing I/M Readiness Quick Check

When a vehicle first comes from the factory, all Monitors

indicate a DONE status. This indicates that all Monitors
have run and completed their diagnostic testing. The DONE
status remains in the computer's memory, unless the
Diagnostic Trouble Codes are erased or the vehicle's
computer memory is cleared.
Code Reader allows you to retrieve Monitor/System Status
Information to help you determine if the vehicle is ready for an
Emissions Test (Smog Check). In addition to retrieving Diagnostic
Trouble Codes, Code Reader also retrieves Monitor Run/Not Run

OBD 2 23
Using Code Reader
I/M READINESS TESTING

status. This information is very important since different areas of the

state/country have different emissions laws and regulations concerning
Monitor Run/Not Run status.
Before an Emissions Test (Smog Check) can be performed, your
vehicle must meet certain rules, requirements and procedures
legislated by the Federal and state (country) governments where you
live.
1. In most areas, one of the requirements that must be met before a
vehicle is allowed to be Emissions Tested (Smog Checked) is that
the vehicle does not have any Diagnostic Trouble Codes present
(with the exception of PENDING Diagnostic Trouble Codes).
2. In addition to the requirement that no Diagnostic Trouble Codes be
present, some areas also require that all the Monitors that a
particular vehicle supports indicate a "Has Run" status condition
before an Emissions Check may be performed.
3. Other areas may only require that some (but not all) Monitors
indicate a "Has Run" status before an Emissions Test (Smog
Check) may be performed.
Monitors with a "Has Run" status indicate that all the
required conditions they needed to perform diagnosis
and testing of their assigned engine area (system) have
been met, and all diagnostic testing has completed
successfully.
Monitors with a "Has Not Run" status have not yet met
the conditions they need to perform diagnosis and
testing of their assigned engine area (system), and have
not been able to perform diagnostic testing on that
system.
The green, yellow and red LEDs provide a quick way to help you
determine if a vehicle is ready for an Emissions Test (Smog Check).
Follow the instructions below to perform the Quick Check.
Perform the Code Retrieval Procedure as described on page 17, then
interpret the LED indications as follows:
Interpreting I/M Readiness Test Results
1. GREEN LED - Indicates that all engine
systems are "OK" and operating
normally (all Monitors supported by the
vehicle have run and performed their
self-diagnostic testing). The vehicle is
ready for an Emissions Test (Smog
Check), and there is a good possibility
that it can be certified.

24 OBD 2
 Using Code Reader
I/M READINESS TESTING

2. YELLOW LED - Determine from the Code Retrieval Procedure

(page 17) which of the two possible conditions is causing the
yellow LED to light.
If a "PENDING" Diagnostic Trouble
Code is causing the yellow LED to
light, it is possible that the vehicle will
be allowed to be tested for emissions
and certified. Currently, most areas
(states / countries) will allow an
Emissions Test (Smog Check) to be
performed if the only code in the
vehicle's computer is a "PENDING"
Diagnostic Trouble Code.
If no running Monitors are causing the
yellow LED to light, then the issue of
the vehicle being ready for an
Emissions Test (Smog Check)
depends on the emissions regulations
and laws of your local area.
- Some areas require that all Monitors indicate a "Has Run"
status before they allow an Emissions Test (Smog Check) to
be performed. Other areas only require that some, but not
all, Monitors have run their self-diagnostic testing before an
Emissions Test (Smog Check) may be performed.
From the code retrieval procedure, determine the status of
each Monitor (a solid Monitor icon shows Monitor "Has Run"
status, a flashing Monitor icon indicates "Has Not Run"
status). Take this information to an emissions professional to
determine (based on your test results) if your vehicle is ready
for an Emissions Test (Smog Check).
3. RED LED - Indicates there is a problem with one or more of the
vehicle's systems. A vehicle displaying
a red LED is definitely not ready for an
Emissions Test (Smog Check). The red
LED is also an indication that there are
Diagnostic Trouble Code(s) present
(displayed on the Code Reader's
screen). The Multifunction Indicator
(Check Engine) Lamp on the vehicle's
instrument panel will light steady on.
The problem that is causing the red LED to light must be repaired
before an Emissions Test (Smog Check) can be performed. It is
also suggested that the vehicle be inspected/repaired before
driving the vehicle further.
If the Red LED was obtained, there is a definite problem present in
the system(s). In these cases, you have the following options.

OBD 2 25
Using Code Reader
I/M READINESS TESTING

Repair the vehicle yourself. If you are going to perform the

repairs yourself, proceed by reading the vehicle service manual
and following all its procedures and recommendations.
Take the vehicle to a professional to have it serviced. The
problem(s) causing the red LED to light must be repaired before
the vehicle is ready for an Emissions Test (Smog Check).

Using the I/M Readiness Monitor Status to Confirm a Repair

The I/M Readiness Monitor Status function can be used (after repair
of a fault has been performed) to confirm that the repair has been
performed correctly, and/or to check for Monitor Run Status. Use the
following procedure to determine I/M Readiness Monitor Status:
1. Using retrieved Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) and code
definitions as a guide, and following manufacturer's repair
procedures, repair the fault or faults as instructed.
2. After the fault or faults have been repaired, connect Code Reader
to the vehicle's DLC and erase the code or codes from the
vehicle's computer memory.
See page 20 for procedures to erase DTCs from the vehicle's
on-board computer.
Write the codes down on a piece of paper for reference before
erasing.
3. After the erase procedure is performed, most of the Monitor icons
on the Code Reader's LCD display will be flashing. Leave Code
Reader connected to the vehicle, and perform a Trip Drive Cycle
for each "flashing" Monitor:
Misfire, Fuel and Comprehensive Component Monitors run
continuously and their icons will always be on solid, even
after the erase function is performed.
Each DTC is associated with a specific Monitor. Consult the
vehicle's service manual to identify the Monitor (or Monitors)
associated with the faults that were repaired. Follow the
manufacturer's procedures to perform a Trip Drive Cycle for the
appropriate Monitors.
While observing the Monitor icons on Code Reader's LCD
display, perform a Trip Drive Cycle for the appropriate Monitor or
Monitors.
If the vehicle needs to be driven in order to perform a
Trip Drive Cycle, ALWAYS have a second person help
you. One person should drive the vehicle while the other
person observes the Monitor icons on Code Reader for
Monitor RUN status. Trying to drive and observe Code
Reader at the same time is dangerous, and could cause
a serious traffic accident.

26 OBD 2
 Using Code Reader
WHATS NEXT?

4. When a Monitor's Trip Drive Cycle is performed properly, the

Monitor icon on Code Reader's LCD display changes from
"flashing" to "solid, indicating that the Monitor has run and finished
its diagnostic testing.
If, after the Monitor has run, the MIL on the vehicle's dash is not
lit, and no codes associated with that particular Monitor are
present in the vehicle's computer, the repair was successful.
If, after the Monitor has run, the MIL on the vehicle's dash lights
and/or a DTC associated with that Monitor is present in the
vehicle's computer, the repair was unsuccessful. Refer to the
vehicle's service manual and recheck repair procedures.

WHATS NEXT?
Use the green, yellow and red LEDs as a quick check of the status
of a vehicles engine control and emissions systems.
When checking your vehicle for road trip readiness:
A GREEN LED indicates that all engine systems are "OK" and
operating normally. You can feel confident that the vehicle is
mechanically sound and suitable for travel. Always BE SURE to
check fluid levels, tire pressure, etc., before any prolonged travel.
A YELLOW LED indicates a Pending DTC is present and/or
some of the vehicle's emission monitors have not run their
diagnostic testing. Further testing and evaluation may be needed
to determine your vehiclesroad trip readiness.
A RED LED indicates there is a problem with one or more of the
vehicle's systems. The vehicle should be inspected/repaired before
driving the vehicle further.
When checking to see if your vehicle is ready for an Emissions
Test (Smog Check):
A GREEN LED indicates that all engine systems are "OK" and
operating normally. The vehicle is ready for an Emissions Test
(Smog Check), and there is a good possibility that it can be
certified.
A YELLOW LED indicates a Pending DTC is present and/or
some of the vehicle's emission monitors have not run their
diagnostic testing. The issue of the vehicle being ready for an
Emissions Test (Smog Check) depends on the emissions
regulations and laws of your local area. Have an emissions
professional review your test results to determine if your vehicle is
ready for an Emissions Test (Smog Check).
A RED LED indicates there is a problem with one or more of the
vehicle's systems. The vehicle is most likely not ready for an
Emissions Test (Smog Check). The problem that is causing the

OBD 2 27
Using Code Reader
WHATS NEXT?

red LED to light must be repaired before an Emissions Test (Smog

Check) can be performed. It is also suggested that the vehicle be
inspected/repaired before driving the vehicle further.
When inspecting a used vehicle before buying or selling:
A GREEN LED indicates that all emissions-related systems are
"OK" and operating normally. You can feel confident that these
vehicle systems are mechanically sound. Always BE SURE to
check other vehicle systems NOT covered by Code Reader
(transmission, brakes, etc.) as well as the vehicles service record
before buying or selling a vehicle.
A YELLOW LED indicates a Pending DTC is present and/or
some of the vehicle's emission monitors have not run their
diagnostic testing. Further testing and evaluation may be needed
to determine the vehicles actual condition.
A RED LED indicates there is a problem with one or more of the
vehicle's systems. It is recommended that you take the vehicle
qualified service technician for further diagnosis.
If no codes were retrieved and/or the green lights, and all your
vehicles Monitors show a Has Run status, youre good to go. You
can feel confident that:
The systems and components monitored by your vehicles on-
board computer are in good working order and running properly.
Your vehicle should pass an Emissions Test (Smog Check)
without problem.
If codes were retrieved and/or the yellow or red LEDs light, you
can choose to:
Fix the problem yourself: If you choose to fix the problem
yourself, read and follow all of the vehicle service manuals
recommendations and procedures.
Take your vehicle to an Automotive Service Center for repair:
Take your vehicle, a copy of the completed Preliminary Vehicle
Diagnosis Worksheet (see page 14) and codes retrieved to your
technician for evaluation. This will show your technician that you
are an informed motorist and will also assist him in pinpointing the
location of the problem as a starting point for needed repairs.
If the red LED lights after retrieving codes or performing an
I/M Readiness inspection, it is suggested that the vehicle be
inspected/repaired before driving the vehicle further.

28 OBD 2
 Learning More
COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

The Introduction of Electronic Engine Controls

Electronic Computer Control Systems make it possible

for vehicle manufacturers to comply with the tougher
emissions and fuel efficiency standards mandated by
State and Federal Governments.

As a result of increased air pollution (smog) in large

cities, such as Los Angeles, the California Air Resources
Board (CARB) and the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) set new regulations and air pollution standards to
deal with the problem. To further complicate matters, the
energy crisis of the early 1970s caused a sharp increase in
fuel prices over a short period. As a result, vehicle
manufacturers were not only required to comply with the new
emissions standards, they also had to make their vehicles more fuel-
efficient. Most vehicles were required to meet a miles-per-gallon
(MPG) standard set by the U.S. Federal Government.
Precise fuel delivery and spark timing are needed to reduce vehicle
emissions. Mechanical engine controls in use at the time (such as
ignition points, mechanical spark advance and the carburetor)
responded too slowly to driving conditions to properly control fuel
delivery and spark timing. This made it difficult for vehicle
manufacturers to meet the new standards.
A new Engine Control System had to be designed and integrated with
the engine controls to meet the stricter standards. The new system
had to:
Respond instantly to supply the proper mixture of air and fuel for
any driving condition (idle, cruising, low-speed driving, high-speed
driving, etc.).
Calculate instantly the best time to "ignite" the air/fuel mixture for
maximum engine efficiency.
Perform both these tasks without affecting vehicle performance or
fuel economy.
Vehicle Computer Control Systems can perform millions of
calculations each second. This makes them an ideal substitute for the
slower mechanical engine controls. By switching from mechanical to
electronic engine controls, vehicle manufacturers are able to control
fuel delivery and spark timing more precisely. Some newer Computer
Control Systems also provide control over other vehicle functions,
such as transmission, brakes, charging, body, and suspension
systems.

OBD 2 29
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COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

The Basic Engine Computer Control System

The Computer Control System consists of an on-board

computer and several related control devices (sensors,
switches, and actuators).

The on-board computer is the heart of the Computer

Control System. The computer contains several programs
with preset reference values for air/fuel ratio, spark or
ignition timing, injector pulse width, engine speed, etc.
Separate values are provided for various driving conditions,
such as idle, low speed driving, high-speed driving, low load,
or high load. The preset reference values represent the ideal
air/fuel mixture, spark timing, transmission gear selection,
etc., for any driving condition. These values are programmed
by the vehicle manufacturer, and are specific to each vehicle model.
Most on-board computers are located inside the vehicle behind the
dashboard, under the passenger's or driver's seat, or behind the right
kick panel. However, some manufacturers may still position it in the
engine compartment.
Vehicle sensors, switches, and actuators are located throughout the
engine, and are connected by electrical wiring to the on-board
computer. These devices include oxygen sensors, coolant
temperature sensors, throttle position sensors, fuel injectors, etc.
Sensors and switches are input devices. They provide signals
representing current engine operating conditions to the computer.
Actuators are output devices. They perform actions in response to
commands received from the computer.
The on-board computer receives information inputs from sensors and
switches located throughout the engine. These devices monitor
critical engine conditions such as coolant temperature, engine speed,
engine load, throttle position, air/fuel ratio etc.

TYPICAL COMPUTER
OUTPUT DEVICES
Fuel Injectors
CONTROL SYSTEM
Idle Air Control
EGR Valve
Ignition Module

On-Board
Computer

INPUT DEVICES
Coolant Temperature Sensor INPUT DEVICES
Throttle Position Sensor Oxygen Sensors
Fuel Injectors

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COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

The computer compares the values received from these sensors with
its preset reference values, and makes corrective actions as needed
so that the sensor values always match the preset reference values
for the current driving condition. The computer makes adjustments by
commanding other devices such as the fuel injectors, idle air control,
EGR valve or Ignition Module to perform these actions.
Vehicle operating conditions are constantly changing. The computer
continuously makes adjustments or corrections (especially to the
air/fuel mixture and spark timing) to keep all the engine systems
operating within the preset reference values.

On-Board Diagnostics - First Generation (OBD 1)

With the exception of some 1994 and 1995 vehicles,

most vehicles from 1982 to 1995 are equipped with
OBD 1 systems.

Beginning in 1988, California's Air Resources Board

(CARB), and later the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) required vehicle manufacturers to include a self-
diagnostic program in their on-board computers. The
program would be capable of identifying emissions-related
faults in a system. The first generation of Onboard
Diagnostics came to be known as OBD 1.
OBD 1 is a set of self-testing and diagnostic instructions programmed
into the vehicle's on-board computer. The programs are specifically
designed to detect failures in the sensors, actuators, switches and
wiring of the various vehicle emissions-related systems. If the
computer detects a failure in any of these components or systems, it
lights an indicator on the dashboard to alert the driver. The indicator
lights only when an emissions-related problem is detected.
The computer also assigns a numeric code for each specific problem
that it detects, and stores these codes in its memory for later retrieval.
These codes can be retrieved from the computer's memory with the
use of a "Code Reader" or a "Scan Tool.

OBD 2 31
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COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

On-Board Diagnostics - Second Generation (OBD 2)

In addition to performing all the
functions of the OBD 1 System, the
OBD 2 System has been enhanced The OBD 2 System is an
with new Diagnostic Programs. These enhancement of the
programs closely monitor the OBD 1 System.
functions of various emissions-related
components and systems (as well as
other systems) and make this information readily
available (with the proper equipment) to the technician for
evaluation.
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) conducted
studies on OBD 1 equipped vehicles. The information that
was gathered from these studies showed the following:
A large number of vehicles had deteriorating or degraded
emissions-related components. These components were causing
an increase in emissions.
Because OBD 1 systems only detect failed components, the
degraded components were not setting codes.
Some emissions problems related to degraded components only
occur when the vehicle is being driven under a load. The emission
checks being conducted at the time were not performed under
simulated driving conditions. As a result, a significant number of
vehicles with degraded components were passing Emissions
Tests.
Codes, code definitions, diagnostic connectors, communication
protocols and emissions terminology were different for each
manufacturer. This caused confusion for the technicians working
on different make and model vehicles.
To address the problems made evident by this study, CARB and the
EPA passed new laws and standardization requirements. These laws
required that vehicle manufacturers to equip their new vehicles with
devices capable of meeting all of the new emissions standards and
regulations. It was also decided that an enhanced on-board
diagnostic system, capable of addressing all of these problems, was
needed. This new system is known as "On-Board Diagnostics
Generation Two (OBD 2). The primary objective of the OBD 2
system is to comply with the latest regulations and emissions
standards established by CARB and the EPA.

32 OBD 2
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COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

The Main Objectives of the OBD 2 System are:

To detect degraded and/or failed emissions-related components or
systems that could cause tailpipe emissions to exceed by 1.5
times the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) standard.
To expand emissions-related system monitoring. This includes a
set of computer run diagnostics called Monitors. Monitors perform
diagnostics and testing to verify that all emissions-related
components and/or systems are operating correctly and within the
manufacturer's specifications.
To use a standardized Diagnostic Link Connector (DLC) in all
vehicles. (Before OBD 2, DLCs were of different shapes and
sizes.)
To standardize the code numbers, code definitions and language
used to describe faults. (Before OBD 2, each vehicle manufacturer
used their own code numbers, code definitions and language to
describe the same faults.)
To expand the operation of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL).
To standardize communication procedures and protocols between
the diagnostic equipment (Scan Tools, Code Readers etc.) and the
vehicle's on-board computer.

OBD 2 Terminology
The following terms and their definitions are related to OBD 2
systems. Read and reference this list as needed to aid in the
understanding of OBD 2 systems.
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) - The PCM is the OBD 2
accepted term for the vehicle's "on-board computer. In addition to
controlling the engine management and emissions systems, the
PCM also participates in controlling the powertrain (transmission)
operation. Most PCMs also have the ability to communicate with
other computers on the vehicle (ABS, ride control, body etc.).
Monitor - Monitors are "diagnostic routines" programmed into the
PCM. The PCM utilizes these programs to run diagnostic tests,
and to monitor operation of the vehicle's emissions-related
components or systems to ensure they are operating correctly and
within the vehicle's manufacturer specifications. Currently, up to
eleven Monitors are used in OBD 2 systems. Additional Monitors
will be added as the OBD 2 system is further developed.
Not all vehicles support all eleven Monitors.

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COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS

Enabling Criteria - Each Monitor is designed to test and monitor

the operation of a specific part of the vehicle's emissions system
(EGR system, oxygen sensor, catalytic converter, etc.). A specific
set of "conditions" or "driving procedures" must be met before the
computer can command a Monitor to run tests on its related
system. These "conditions" are known as "Enabling Criteria. The
requirements and procedures vary for each Monitor. Some
Monitors only require the ignition key to be turned "On" for them to
run and complete their diagnostic testing. Others may require a set
of complex procedures, such as, starting the vehicle when cold,
bringing it to operating temperature, and driving the vehicle under
specific conditions before the Monitor can run and complete its
diagnostic testing.
Monitor Has/Has Not Run - The terms "Monitor has run" or
"Monitor has not run" are used throughout this manual. "Monitor
has run, means the PCM has commanded a particular Monitor to
perform the required diagnostic testing on a system to ensure the
system is operating correctly (within factory specifications). The
term "Monitor has not run" means the PCM has not yet
commanded a particular Monitor to perform diagnostic testing on
its associated part of the emissions system.
Trip - A Trip for a particular Monitor requires that the vehicle is
driven in such a way that all the "Enabling Criteria" for the Monitor
to run and complete its diagnostic testing are met. The "Trip Drive
Cycle" for a particular Monitor begins when the ignition key is
turned "On. It is successfully completed when all the "Enabling
Criteria" for the Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing
are met by the time the ignition key is turned "Off. Since each of
the eleven monitors is designed to run diagnostics and testing on a
different part of the engine or emissions system, the "Trip Drive
Cycle" needed for each individual Monitor to run and complete
varies.
OBD 2 Drive Cycle - An OBD 2 Drive Cycle is an extended set of
driving procedures that takes into consideration the various types
of driving conditions encountered in real life. These conditions may
include starting the vehicle when it is cold, driving the vehicle at a
steady speed (cruising), accelerating, etc. An OBD 2 Drive Cycle
begins when the ignition key is turned "On" (when cold) and ends
when the vehicle has been driven in such a way as to have all the
"Enabling Criteria" met for all its applicable Monitors. Only those
trips that provide the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors applicable to
the vehicle to run and complete their individual diagnostic tests
qualify as an OBD 2 Drive Cycle. OBD 2 Drive Cycle requirements
vary from one model of vehicle to another. Vehicle manufacturers
set these procedures. Consult your vehicle's service manual for
OBD 2 Drive Cycle procedures.

34 OBD 2
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DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)

Do not confuse a "Trip" Drive Cycle with an OBD 2 Drive

Cycle. A Trip Drive Cycle provides the "Enabling Criteria" for
one specific Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic
testing. An OBD 2 Drive Cycle must meet the "Enabling
Criteria" for all Monitors on a particular vehicle to run and
complete their diagnostic testing.
Warm-up Cycle - Vehicle operation after an engine off period
where engine temperature rises at least 40F (22C) from its
temperature before starting, and reaches at least 160F (70C).
The PCM uses warm-up cycles as a counter to automatically
erase a specific code and related data from its memory. When no
faults related to the original problem are detected within a
specified number of warm-up cycles, the code is erased
automatically.

DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)

Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) are
meant to guide you to the proper Diagnostic Trouble
service procedure in the vehicle's Codes (DTCs) are codes
service manual. DO NOT replace that identify a specific
parts based only on DTCs without first problem area.
consulting the vehicle's service
manual for proper testing procedures for that particular
system, circuit or component.
DTCs are alphanumeric codes that are used to identify a
problem that is present in any of the systems that are
monitored by the on-board computer (PCM). Each trouble
code has an assigned message that identifies the circuit,
component or system area where the problem was found.
OBD 2 diagnostic trouble codes are made up of five
characters:
The 1st character is a letter. It identifies the "main system" where
the fault occurred (Body, Chassis, Powertrain, or Network).
The 2nd character is a numeric digit. It identifies the "type" of
code (Generic or Manufacturer-Specific).
Generic DTCs are codes that are used by all vehicle
manufacturers. The standards for generic DTCs, as well as
their definitions, are set by the Society of Automotive
Engineers (SAE).
Manufacturer-Specific DTCs are codes that are controlled
by the vehicle manufacturer. The Federal Government does
not require manufacturer-specific codes in order to comply
with the new OBD 2 emissions standards. However,
manufacturers are free to expand beyond the required
codes to make their systems easier to diagnose.

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DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)

OBD 2 DTC EXAMPLE

P0201 - Injector Circuit Malfunction, Cylinder 1

P0201
B - Body
C - Chassis
P - Powertrain
U - Network

0 - Generic
1 - Manufacturer
Specific

Identifies the system where the

problem is located:
1 - Fuel and Air Metering
2 - Fuel and Air Metering (injector
circuit malfunction only)
3 - Ignition System or Misfire
4 - Auxiliary Emission Control System
5 - Vehicle Speed Control and
Idle Control System
6 - Computer Output Circuits
7 - Transmission
8 - Transmission

Identifies what section

of the system is
malfunctioning

The 3rd character is a numeric digit. It identifies the specific

system or sub-system where the problem is located.
The 4th and 5th characters are numeric digits. They identify the
section of the system that is malfunctioning.

DTCs and MIL Status

When the vehicle's on-board computer
detects a failure in an emissions-related
component or system, the computer's
internal diagnostic program assigns a
diagnostic trouble code (DTC) that points to
the system (and subsystem) where the fault
was found. The diagnostic program saves the
code in the computer's memory. It records a "Freeze Frame" of
conditions present when the fault was found, and lights the
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL). Some faults require detection for
two trips in a row before the MIL is turned on.

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DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)

The "Malfunction Indicator Lamp" (MIL) is the accepted term

used to describe the lamp on the dashboard that lights to
warn the driver that an emissions-related fault has been
found. Some manufacturers may still call this lamp a "Check
Engine" or "Service Engine Soon light.
There are two types of DTCs used for emissions-related faults: Type
"A" and Type "B. Type "A" codes are "One-Trip" codes; Type "B"
DTCs are usually Two-Trip DTCs.
When a Type "A" DTC is found on the First Trip, the following events
take place:
The computer commands the MIL "On" when the failure is first
found.
If the failure causes a severe misfire that may cause damage to
the catalytic converter, the MIL "flashes" once per second. The
MIL continues to flash as long as the condition exists. If the
condition that caused the MIL to flash is no longer present, the MIL
will light "steady" On.
A DTC is saved in the computer's memory for later retrieval.
A "Freeze Frame" of the conditions present in the engine or
emissions system when the MIL was ordered "On" is saved in the
computer's memory for later retrieval. This information shows fuel
system status (closed loop or open loop), engine load, coolant
temperature, fuel trim value, MAP vacuum, engine RPM and DTC
priority.
When a Type "B" DTC is found on the First Trip, the following events
take place:
The computer sets a Pending DTC, but the MIL is not ordered
"On. "Freeze Frame" data is not recorded at this time. The
Pending DTC is saved in the computer's memory for later retrieval.
If the failure is found on the second consecutive trip, the MIL is
ordered "On. "Freeze Frame" data is saved in the computer's
memory.
If the failure is not found on the second Trip, the Pending DTC is
erased from the computer's memory.
The MIL will stay lit for both Type "A" and Type "B" codes until one of
the following conditions occurs:
If the conditions that caused the MIL to light are no longer present
for the next three trips in a row, the computer automatically turns
the MIL "Off" if no other emissions-related faults are present.
However, the DTCs remain in the computer's memory for 40
warm-up cycles (80 warm-up cycles for fuel and misfire faults).
The DTCs are automatically erased if the fault that caused them to
be set is not detected again during that period.

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OBD 2 MONITORS

Misfire and fuel system faults require three trips with "similar
conditions" before the MIL is turned "Off. These are trips where
the engine load, RPM and temperature are similar to the
conditions present when the fault was first found.
After the MIL has been turned off, DTCs, Freeze Frame
data, and manufacturer-specific enhanced data stay in the
computer's memory. This data can only be retrieved by
using equipment such as a Scan Tool.
Erasing the DTCs from the computer's memory can also turn off
the MIL. See ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCs)
on page 20, before erasing codes from the computer's memory. If
a Code Reader or Scan Tool is used to erase the codes, Freeze
Frame data as well as other manufacturer-specific enhanced data
will also be erased.

OBD 2 MONITORS
To ensure the correct operation of the various emissions-related
components and systems, a diagnostic program was developed and
installed in the vehicle's on-board computer. The program has several
procedures and diagnostic strategies. Each procedure or diagnostic
strategy is made to monitor the operation of, and run diagnostic tests
on, a specific emissions-related component or system. These tests
ensure the system is running correctly and is within the
manufacturer's specifications. On OBD 2 systems, these procedures
and diagnostic strategies are called "Monitors.
Currently, a maximum of eleven Monitors are used in OBD 2
systems. Additional monitors may be added as a result of
Government regulations as the OBD 2 system grows and matures.
Not all vehicles use all eleven Monitors.
Monitor operation is either "Continuous" or "Non-Continuous,
depending on the specific monitor.
Continuous Monitors
Three of these Monitors are designed to constantly monitor their
associated components and/or systems for proper operation.
Continuous Monitors run constantly when the engine is running. The
Continuous Monitors are:
1. Comprehensive Component Monitor (CCM)
2. Misfire Monitor
3. Fuel System Monitor
Non-Continuous Monitors
The other eight Monitors are "non-continuous" Monitors. "Non-
continuous" Monitors perform and complete their testing once per trip.
The "non-continuous" Monitors are:

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OBD 2 MONITORS

1. Oxygen Sensor Monitor

2. Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor
3. Catalyst Monitor
4. Heated Catalyst Monitor
5. EGR System Monitor
6. EVAP System Monitor
7. Secondary Air System Monitor
8. Air Conditioning (A/C) Monitor
The following provides a brief explanation of the function of each
Monitor:
Comprehensive Component Monitor (CCM) - This Monitor
continuously checks all inputs and outputs from sensors,
actuators, switches and other devices that provide a signal to the
computer. The Monitor checks for shorts, opens, out of range
value, functionality and rationality.
Rationality: Each input signal is compared against all
other inputs and against information in the computer's
memory to see if it makes sense under the current
operating conditions. Example: The signal from the
throttle position sensor indicates the vehicle is in a wide-
open throttle condition, but the vehicle is really at idle,
and the idle condition is confirmed by the signals from all
other sensors. Based on the input data, the computer
determines that the signal from the throttle position
sensor is not rational (does not make sense when
compared to the other inputs). In this case, the signal
would fail the rationality test.
The CCM may be either a "One-Trip" or a "Two-Trip" Monitor,
depending on the component.
Fuel System Monitor - This Monitor uses a Fuel System
Correction program, called Fuel Trim, inside the on-board
computer. Fuel Trim is a set of positive and negative values that
represent adding or subtracting fuel from the engine. This program
is used to correct for a lean (too much air/not enough fuel) or rich
(too much fuel/not enough air) air-fuel mixture. The program is
designed to add or subtract fuel, as needed, up to a certain
percent. If the correction needed is too large and exceeds the time
and percent allowed by the program, a fault is indicated by the
computer.
The Fuel System Monitor may be a "One-Trip" or "Two-Trip"
Monitor, depending on the severity of the problem.

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OBD 2 MONITORS

Misfire Monitor - This Monitor continuously checks for engine

misfires. A misfire occurs when the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder
does not ignite. The misfire Monitor uses changes in crankshaft
speed to sense an engine misfire. When a cylinder misfires, it no
longer contributes to the speed of the engine, and engine speed
decreases each time the affected cylinder(s) misfire. The misfire
Monitor is designed to sense engine speed fluctuations and
determine from which cylinder(s) the misfire is coming, as well as
how bad the misfire is. There are three types of engine misfires,
Types 1, 2, and 3.
- Type 1 and Type 3 misfires are two-trip monitor faults. If a fault
is sensed on the first trip, the computer temporarily saves the
fault in its memory as a Pending Code. The MIL is not
commanded on at this time. If the fault is found again on the
second trip, under similar conditions of engine speed, load and
temperature, the computer commands the MIL "On, and the
code is saved in its long term memory.
- Type 2 misfires are the most severe type of misfire. When a Type
2 misfire is sensed on the first trip, the computer commands the
MIL to light when the misfire is sensed. If the computer
determines that a Type 2 misfire is severe , and may cause
catalytic converter damage, it commands the MIL to "flash" once
per second as soon as the misfire is sensed. When the misfire is
no longer present, the MIL reverts to steady "On" condition.
Catalyst Monitor - The catalytic converter is a device that is
installed downstream of the exhaust manifold. It helps to oxidize
(burn) the unburned fuel (hydrocarbons) and partially burned fuel
(carbon monoxide) left over from the combustion process. To
accomplish this, heat and catalyst materials inside the converter
react with the exhaust gases to burn the remaining fuel. Some
materials inside the catalytic converter also have the ability to
store oxygen, and release it as needed to oxidize hydrocarbons
and carbon monoxide. In the process, it reduces vehicle emissions
by converting the polluting gases into carbon dioxide and water.
The computer checks the efficiency of the catalytic converter by
monitoring the oxygen sensors used by the system. One sensor is
located before (upstream of) the converter; the other is located
after (downstream of) the converter. If the catalytic converter loses
its ability to store oxygen, the downstream sensor signal voltage
becomes almost the same as the upstream sensor signal. In this
case, the monitor fails the test.
The Catalyst Monitor is a "Two-Trip" Monitor. If a fault is found on
the first trip, the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory
as a Pending Code. The computer does not command the MIL on at
this time. If the fault is sensed again on the second trip, the
computer commands the MIL "On" and saves the code in its long-
term memory.

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OBD 2 MONITORS

Heated Catalyst Monitor - Operation of the "heated" catalytic

converter is similar to the catalytic converter. The main difference
is that a heater is added to bring the catalytic converter to its
operating temperature more quickly. This helps reduce emissions
by reducing the converter's down time when the engine is cold.
The Heated Catalyst Monitor performs the same diagnostic tests
as the catalyst Monitor, and also tests the catalytic converter's heater
for proper operation. This Monitor is also a "Two-Trip" Monitor.
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Monitor - The Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR) system helps reduce the formation of Oxides of
Nitrogen during combustion. Temperatures above 2500F cause
nitrogen and oxygen to combine and form Oxides of Nitrogen in the
combustion chamber. To reduce the formation of Oxides of Nitrogen,
combustion temperatures must be kept below 2500F. The EGR
system recirculates small amounts of exhaust gas back into the
intake manifold, where it is mixed with the incoming air/fuel mixture.
This reduces combustion temperatures by up to 500F. The computer
determines when, for how long, and how much exhaust gas is
recirculated back to the intake manifold. The EGR Monitor performs
EGR system function tests at preset times during vehicle operation.
The EGR Monitor is a "Two-Trip" Monitor. If a fault is found on the
first trip, the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as
a Pending Code. The computer does not command the MIL on at
this time. If the fault is sensed again on the second trip, the
computer commands the MIL "On, and saves the code in its long-
term memory.
Evaporative System (EVAP) Monitor - OBD 2 vehicles are
equipped with a fuel Evaporative system (EVAP) that helps
prevent fuel vapors from evaporating into the air. The EVAP
system carries fumes from the fuel tank to the engine where they
are burned during combustion. The EVAP system may consist of a
charcoal canister, fuel tank cap, purge solenoid, vent solenoid,
flow monitor, leak detector and connecting tubes, lines and hoses.
Fumes are carried from the fuel tank to the charcoal canister by
hoses or tubes. The fumes are stored in the charcoal canister. The
computer controls the flow of fuel vapors from the charcoal canister
to the engine via a purge solenoid. The computer energizes or de-
energizes the purge solenoid (depending on solenoid design). The
purge solenoid opens a valve to allow engine vacuum to draw the
fuel vapors from the canister into the engine where the vapors are
burned. The EVAP Monitor checks for proper fuel vapor flow to the
engine, and pressurizes the system to test for leaks. The computer
runs this Monitor once per trip.
The EVAP Monitor is a "Two-Trip" Monitor. If a fault is found on the
first trip, the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a
Pending Code. The computer does not command the MIL on at this
time. If the fault is sensed again on the second trip, the PCM com-
mands the MIL "On, and saves the code in its long-term memory.

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Air Conditioning (A/C) Monitor - The A/C Monitor senses leaks

in air conditioning systems that utilize R-12 refrigerant. Vehicle
manufacturers have been given two options:
1. Use R-12 refrigerant in their A/C systems, and integrate an A/C
Monitor in the OBD 2 systems of these vehicles to detect for
refrigerant leaks; or
2. Use R-134 refrigerant instead of R12. The A/C Monitor is not
required on these vehicles.
To date, all vehicle manufacturers have opted to use R-134 in their
A/C systems. As a result, this Monitor has not yet been implemented.
Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor - The Oxygen Sensor Heater
Monitor tests the operation of the oxygen sensor's heater. There
are two modes of operation on a computer-controlled vehicle:
"open-loop" and "closed-loop. The vehicle operates in open-loop
when the engine is cold, before it reaches normal operating
temperature. The vehicle also goes to open-loop mode at other
times, such as heavy load and full throttle conditions. When the
vehicle is running in open-loop, the oxygen sensor signal is
ignored by the computer for air/fuel mixture corrections. Engine
efficiency during open-loop operation is very low, and results in the
production of more vehicle emissions.
Closed-loop operation is the best condition for both vehicle
emissions and vehicle operation. When the vehicle is operating in
closed-loop, the computer uses the oxygen sensor signal for
air/fuel mixture corrections.
In order for the computer to enter closed-loop operation, the
oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600F. The
oxygen sensor heater helps the oxygen sensor reach and maintain
its minimum operating temperature (600 F) more quickly, to bring
the vehicle into closed-loop operation as soon as possible.
The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor is a "Two-Trip" Monitor. If a
fault is found on the first trip, the computer temporarily saves the
fault in its memory as a Pending Code. The computer does not
command the MIL on at this time. If the fault is sensed again on
the second trip, the computer commands the MIL "On, and saves
the code in its long-term memory.
Oxygen Sensor Monitor - The Oxygen Sensor monitors how much
oxygen is in the vehicle's exhaust. It generates a varying voltage of
up to one volt, based on how much oxygen is in the exhaust gas,
and sends the signal to the computer. The computer uses this signal
to make corrections to the air/fuel mixture. If the exhaust gas has a
large amount of oxygen (a lean air/fuel mixture), the oxygen sensor
generates a "low" voltage signal. If the exhaust gas has very little
oxygen (a rich mixture condition), the oxygen sensor generates a
"high" voltage signal. A 450mV signal indicates the most efficient,
and least polluting, air/fuel ratio of 14.7 parts of air to one part of fuel.

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OBD 2 MONITORS

The oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600-

650F, and the engine must reach normal operating temperature,
for the computer to enter into closed-loop operation. The oxygen
sensor only functions when the computer is in closed-loop. A
properly operating oxygen sensor reacts quickly to any change in
oxygen content in the exhaust stream. A faulty oxygen sensor
reacts slowly, or its voltage signal is weak or missing.
The oxygen sensor is a "Two-Trip" monitor. If a fault is found on
the first trip, the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory
as a Pending Code. The computer does not command the MIL on
at this time. If the fault is sensed again on the second trip, the
computer commands the MIL "On, and saves the code in its long-
term memory.
Secondary Air System Monitor - When a cold engine is first
started, it runs in open-loop mode. During open-loop operation, the
engine usually runs rich. A vehicle running rich wastes fuel and
creates increased emissions, such as carbon monoxide and some
hydrocarbons. A Secondary Air System injects air into the exhaust
stream to aid catalytic converter operation:
1. It supplies the catalytic converter with the oxygen it needs to
oxidize the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons left over from
the combustion process during engine warm-up.
2. The extra oxygen injected into the exhaust stream also helps
the catalytic converter reach operating temperature more
quickly during warm-up periods. The catalytic converter must
heat to operating temperature to work properly.
The Secondary Air System Monitor checks for component integrity
and system operation, and tests for faults in the system. The
computer runs this Monitor once per trip.
The Secondary Air System Monitor is a "Two-Trip" monitor. If a
fault is found on the first trip, the computer temporarily saves this
fault in its memory as a Pending Code. The computer does not
command the MIL on at this time. If the fault is sensed again on
the second trip, the computer commands the MIL "On, and saves
the code in its long-term memory.

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OBD 2 MONITORS

OBD 2 Reference Table

The table below lists current OBD 2 Monitors, and indicates the
following for each Monitor:
A Monitor Type (how often does the Monitor run; Continuous or
Once per trip)
B Number of trips needed, with a fault present, to set a pending DTC
C Number of consecutive trips needed, with a fault present, to
command the MIL On and store a DTC
D Number of trips needed, with no faults present, to erase a Pending
DTC
E Number and type of trips or drive cycles needed, with no faults
present, to turn off the MIL
F Number of warm-up periods needed to erase the DTC from the
computers memory after the MIL is turned off
Name of
Monitor A B C D E F
Comprehensive Continuous 1 2 1 3 40
Component Monitor
Misfire Monitor 3 - similar
Continuous 1 2 1 80
(Type 1 and 3) conditions
Misfire Monitor 3 - similar
Continuous 1 80
(Type 2) conditions
Fuel System 3 - similar
Continuous 1 1 or 2 1 80
Monitor conditions
Catalytic Converter Once per 1 2 1 3 trips 40
Monitor trip
Oxygen Sensor Once per 1 2 1 3 trips 40
Monitor trip
Oxygen Sensor Once per 1 2 1 3 trips 40
Heater Monitor trip
Exhaust Gas
Once per
Recirculation (EGR) 1 2 1 3 trips 40
trip
Monitor
Evaporative
Once per
Emissions Controls 1 2 1 3 trips 40
trip
Monitor
Secondary Air
Once per
System (AIR) 1 2 1 3 trips 40
trip
Monitor

44 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DEFINITIONS

DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE DEFINITIONS

This section provides the most complete lists of DTC definitions
available at the time of publication. OBD 2 is an evolving system; new
codes and definitions are added as the system grows. ALWAYS
check your vehicle's service manual for code definitions that are not
listed here.This section contains both "Generic" and "Manufacturer
Specific" DTC definitions:

OBD 2 Powertrain "Generic" DTC Definitions apply to all

makes and models of import and domestic vehicles that are "OBD
2 COMPLIANT. These DTCs always start with "P0.

OBD 2 Powertrain "Manufacturer Specific" DTC Definitions

apply only to vehicles made by a specific manufacturer. These
DTCs always start with "P1. Some codes may have more than
one definition. BE SURE to use the correct definition for your
vehicle make, model and year.
This manual provides "Manufacturer Specific" DTC
definitions for CHRYSLER, FORD, GENERAL MOTORS,
HONDA and TOYOTA only. For DTC definitions that are
not in these lists, and/or for Body, Chassis and Network
DTC definitions, reference your vehicle's service
manual.

OBD 2 45
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0010 - P0057)

GENERIC DTC DEFINITIONS

Code Definition
P0010 "A" Camshaft Position - Actuator Circuit (Bank 1)
P0011 "A" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Advanced or System
Performance (Bank 1)
P0012 "A" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1)
P0013 "B" Camshaft Position - Actuator Circuit (Bank 1)
P0014 "B" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Advanced or System
Performance (Bank 1)
P0015 "B" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 1)
P0020 "A" Camshaft Position - Actuator Circuit (Bank 2)
P0021 "A" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Advanced or System
Performance (Bank 2)
P0022 "A" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2)
P0023 "B" Camshaft Position - Actuator Circuit (Bank 2)
P0024 "B" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Advanced or System
Performance (Bank 2)
P0025 "B" Camshaft Position - Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2)
P0030 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0031 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0032 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0033 Turbo Charger Bypass Valve Control Circuit
P0034 Turbo Charger Bypass Valve Control Circuit Low
P0035 Turbo Charger Bypass Valve Control Circuit High
P0036 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0037 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0038 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0042 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0043 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0044 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0050 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0051 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0052 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0056 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0057 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 2)

46 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0058 - P0106)

Code Definition
P0058 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0062 HO2S Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0063 HO2S Heater Control Circuit Low (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0064 HO2S Heater Control Circuit High (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0065 Air Assisted Injector Control Range/Performance
P0066 Air Assisted Injector Control Circuit or Circuit Low
P0067 Air Assisted Injector Control Circuit High
P0070 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit
P0071 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Range/Performance
P0072 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0073 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit High Input
P0074 Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0075 Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit (Bank 1)
P0076 Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Low (Bank 1)
P0077 Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit High (Bank 1)
P0078 Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit (Bank 1)
P0079 Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Low (Bank 1)
P0080 Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit High (Bank 1)
P0081 Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit (Bank 2)
P0082 Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Low (Bank 2)
P0083 Intake Valve Control Solenoid Circuit High (Bank 2)
P0084 Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit (Bank 2)
P0085 Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit Low (Bank 2)
P0086 Exhaust Valve Control Solenoid Circuit High (Bank 2)
P0100 Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit Malfunction
P0101 Mass or Volume Circuit Range Performance Problem
P0102 Mass or Volume Circuit Low Input
P0103 Mass or Volume Circuit High Input
P0104 Mass or Volume Circuit Intermittent
P0105 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit
Malfunction
P0106 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit
Range/Performance Problem

OBD 2 47
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0107 - P0136)

Code Definition
P0107 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit
Low Input
P0108 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit
High Input
P0109 Manifold Absolute Pressure/Barometric Pressure Circuit
Intermittent
P0110 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Malfunction
P0111 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Range/Performance Problem
P0112 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Low Input
P0113 Intake Air Temperature Circuit High Input
P0114 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Intermittent
P0115 Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit Malfunction
P0116 Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit Range/Performance
Problem
P0117 Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit Low Input
P0118 Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit High Input
P0119 Engine Coolant Temperature Circuit Intermittent
P0120 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch A Circuit Malfunction
P0121 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch A Circuit Range/
Performance Problem
P0122 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch A Circuit Low Input
P0123 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch A Circuit High Input
P0124 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch A Circuit Intermittent
P0125 Insufficient Coolant Temperature for Closed Loop Fuel
Control
P0126 Insufficient Coolant Temperature for Stable Operation
P0127 Intake Air Temperature Too High
P0128 Coolant Thermostat (Coolant Temperature Below Thermostat
Regulating Temperature)
P0130 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0131 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0132 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0133 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0134 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0135 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
P0136 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 2)

48 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0137 - P0170)

Code Definition
P0137 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0138 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0139 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0140 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0141 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P0142 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0143 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0144 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0145 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0146 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0147 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 Sensor 3)
P0148 Fuel Delivery Error
P0149 Fuel Timing Error
P0150 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0151 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0152 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0153 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0154 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0155 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
P0156 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0157 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0158 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0159 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0160 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0161 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P0162 O2 Sensor Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0163 O2 Sensor Circuit Low Voltage (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0164 O2 Sensor Circuit High Voltage (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0165 O2 Sensor Circuit Slow Response (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0166 O2 Sensor Circuit No Activity Detected (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0167 O2 Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2 Sensor 3)
P0168 Fuel Temperature Too High
P0169 Incorrect Fuel Composition
P0170 Fuel Trim Malfunction (Bank 1)

OBD 2 49
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0171 - P0204)

Code Definition
P0171 System too Lean (Bank 1)
P0172 System too Rich (Bank 1)
P0173 Fuel Trim Malfunction (Bank 2)
P0174 System too Lean (Bank 2)
P0175 System too Rich (Bank 2)
P0176 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0177 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0178 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0179 Fuel Composition Sensor Circuit High Input
P0180 Fuel Temperature Sensor A Circuit Malfunction
P0181 Fuel Temperature Sensor A Circuit Range/Performance
P0182 Fuel Temperature Sensor A Circuit Low Input
P0183 Fuel Temperature Sensor A Circuit High Input
P0184 Fuel Temperature Sensor A Circuit Intermittent
P0185 Fuel Temperature Sensor B Circuit Malfunction
P0186 Fuel Temperature Sensor B Circuit Range/Performance
P0187 Fuel Temperature Sensor B Circuit Low Input
P0188 Fuel Temperature Sensor B Circuit High Input
P0189 Fuel Temperature Sensor B Circuit Intermittent
P0190 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0191 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0192 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0193 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Circuit High Input
P0194 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0195 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Malfunction
P0196 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Range/Performance
P0197 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Low
P0198 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor High
P0199 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Intermittent
P0200 Injector Circuit Malfunction
P0201 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 1
P0202 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 2
P0203 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 3
P0204 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 4

50 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0205 - P0236)

Code Definition
P0205 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 5
P0206 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 6
P0207 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 7
P0208 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 8
P0209 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 9
P0210 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 10
P0211 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 11
P0212 Injector Circuit Malfunction - Cylinder 12
P0213 Cold Start Injector 1 Malfunction
P0214 Cold Start Injector 2 Malfunction
P0215 Engine Shutoff Solenoid Malfunction
P0216 Injection Timing Control Circuit Malfunction
P0217 Engine Overtemp Condition
P0218 Transmission Over Temperature Condition
P0219 Engine Overspeed Condition
P0220 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch B Circuit Malfunction
P0221 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch B Circuit Range/
Performance Problem
P0222 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch B Circuit Low Input
P0223 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch B Circuit High Input
P0224 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch B Circuit Intermittent
P0225 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch C Circuit Malfunction
P0226 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch C Circuit Range/
Performance Problem
P0227 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch C Circuit Low Input
P0228 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch C Circuit High Input
P0229 Throttle/Pedal Position Sensor/Switch C Circuit Intermittent
P0230 Fuel Pump Primary Circuit Malfunction
P0231 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit Low
P0232 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit High
P0233 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit Intermittent
P0234 Engine Overboost Condition
P0235 Turbocharger Boost Sensor A Circuit Malfunction
P0236 Turbocharger Boost Sensor A Circuit Range/Performance

OBD 2 51
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0237 - P0270)

Code Definition
P0237 Turbocharger Boost Sensor A Circuit Low
P0238 Turbocharger Boost Sensor A Circuit High
P0239 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit Malfunction
P0240 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit Range/Performance
P0241 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit Low
P0242 Turbocharger Boost Sensor B Circuit High
P0243 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A Malfunction
P0244 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A Range/Performance
P0245 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A Low
P0246 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid A High
P0247 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid B Malfunction
P0248 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid B Range/Performance
P0249 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid B Low
P0250 Turbocharger Wastegate Solenoid B High
P0251 Injection Pump A Rotor/Cam Malfunction
P0252 Injection Pump A Rotor/Cam Range/Performance
P0253 Injection Pump A Rotor/Cam Low
P0254 Injection Pump A Rotor/Cam High
P0255 Injection Pump A Rotor/Cam Intermitted
P0256 Injection Pump B Rotor/Cam Malfunction
P0257 Injection Pump B Rotor/Cam Range/Performance
P0258 Injection Pump B Rotor/Cam Low
P0259 Injection Pump B Rotor/Cam High
P0260 Injection Pump B Rotor/Cam Intermitted
P0261 Cylinder 1 Injector Circuit Low
P0262 Cylinder 1 Injector Circuit High
P0263 Cylinder 1 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0264 Cylinder 2 Injector Circuit Low
P0265 Cylinder 2 Injector Circuit High
P0266 Cylinder 2 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0267 Cylinder 3 Injector Circuit Low
P0268 Cylinder 3 Injector Circuit High
P0269 Cylinder 3 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0270 Cylinder 4 Injector Circuit Low

52 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0271 - P0306)

Code Definition
P0271 Cylinder 4 Injector Circuit High
P0272 Cylinder 4 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0273 Cylinder 5 Injector Circuit Low
P0274 Cylinder 5 Injector Circuit High
P0275 Cylinder 5 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0276 Cylinder 6 Injector Circuit Low
P0277 Cylinder 6 Injector Circuit High
P0278 Cylinder 6 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0279 Cylinder 7 Injector Circuit Low
P0280 Cylinder 7 Injector Circuit High
P0281 Cylinder 7 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0282 Cylinder 8 Injector Circuit Low
P0283 Cylinder 8 Injector Circuit High
P0284 Cylinder 8 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0285 Cylinder 9 Injector Circuit Low
P0286 Cylinder 9 Injector Circuit High
P0287 Cylinder 9 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0288 Cylinder 10 Injector Circuit Low
P0289 Cylinder 10 Injector Circuit High
P0290 Cylinder 10 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0291 Cylinder 11 Injector Circuit Low
P0292 Cylinder 11 Injector Circuit High
P0293 Cylinder 11 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0294 Cylinder 12 Injector Circuit Low
P0295 Cylinder 12 Injector Circuit High
P0296 Cylinder 12 Contribution/Balance Fault
P0298 Engine Oil Over Temperature
P0300 Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
P0301 Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected
P0302 Cylinder 2 Misfire Detected
P0303 Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected
P0304 Cylinder 4 Misfire Detected
P0305 Cylinder 5 Misfire Detected
P0306 Cylinder 6 Misfire Detected

OBD 2 53
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0307 - P0344)

Code Definition
P0307 Cylinder 7 Misfire Detected
P0308 Cylinder 8 Misfire Detected
P0309 Cylinder 9 Misfire Detected
P0310 Cylinder 10 Misfire Detected
P0311 Cylinder 11 Misfire Detected
P0312 Cylinder 12 Misfire Detected
P0313 Misfire Detected with Low Fuel
P0314 Single Cylinder Misfire (Cylinder not specified)
P0320 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit Malfunction
P0321 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit Range/
Performance
P0322 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit No Signal
P0323 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit Intermittent
P0324 Knock Control System Error
P0325 Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Malfunction (Bank 1 or Single Sensor)
P0326 Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 1 or Single
Sensor)
P0327 Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Low Input (Bank 1 or Single Sensor)
P0328 Knock Sensor 1 Circuit High Input (Bank 1 or Single Sensor)
P0329 Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Intermittent (Bank 1 or Single Sensor)
P0330 Knock Sensor 2 Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2)
P0331 Knock Sensor 2 Circuit Range/Performance (Bank 2)
P0332 Knock Sensor 2 Circuit Low Input (Bank 2)
P0333 Knock Sensor 2 Circuit High Input (Bank 2)
P0334 Knock Sensor 2 Circuit Intermittent (Bank 2)
P0335 Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Malfunction
P0336 Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Range/Performance
P0337 Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Low Input
P0338 Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit High Input
P0339 Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Intermittent
P0340 Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0341 Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0342 Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0343 Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit High Input
P0344 Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Intermittent

54 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0345 - P0377)

Code Definition
P0345 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit (Bank 2)
P0346 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit Range/Performance
(Bank 2)
P0347 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit Low Input (Bank 2)
P0348 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit High Input (Bank 2)
P0349 Camshaft Position Sensor "A" Circuit Intermittent (Bank 2)
P0350 Ignition Coil Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0351 Ignition Coil A Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0352 Ignition Coil B Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0353 Ignition Coil C Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0354 Ignition Coil D Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0355 Ignition Coil E Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0356 Ignition Coil F Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0357 Ignition Coil G Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0358 Ignition Coil H Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0359 Ignition Coil I Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0360 Ignition Coil J Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0361 Ignition Coil K Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0362 Ignition Coil L Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
P0365 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit (Bank 1)
P0366 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit Range/Performance
(Bank 1)
P0367 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit Low Input (Bank 1)
P0368 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit High Input (Bank 1)
P0369 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit Intermittent (Bank 1)
P0370 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal A Malfunction
P0371 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal A Too Many Pulses
P0372 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal A Too Few Pulses
P0373 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal A Intermittent/
Erratic Pulses
P0374 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal A No Pulses
P0375 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B Malfunction
P0376 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B Too Many Pulses
P0377 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B Too Few Pulses

OBD 2 55
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0378 - P0415)

Code Definition
P0378 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B Intermittent/Erratic
Pulses
P0379 Timing Reference High Resolution Signal B No Pulses
P0380 Glow Plug/Heater Circuit Malfunction
P0381 Glow Plug/Heater Indicator Circuit Malfunction
P0382 Glow Plug/Heater Circuit "B" Malfunction
P0385 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Malfunction
P0386 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Range/Performance
P0387 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Low Input
P0388 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit High Input
P0389 Crankshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Intermittent
P0390 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit (Bank 2)
P0391 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit Range/Performance
(Bank 2)
P0392 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit Low Input (Bank 2)
P0393 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit High Input (Bank 2)
P0394 Camshaft Position Sensor "B" Circuit Intermittent (Bank 2)
P0400 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Malfunction
P0401 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Insufficient Detected
P0402 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Excessive Detected
P0403 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Circuit Malfunction
P0404 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Circuit Range/Performance
P0405 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor A Circuit Low
P0406 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor A Circuit High
P0407 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor B Circuit Low
P0408 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor B Circuit High
P0409 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor "A" Circuit
P0410 Secondary Air Injection System Malfunction
P0411 Secondary Air Injection System Incorrect Flow Detected
P0412 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve A Circuit
Malfunction
P0413 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve A Circuit Open
P0414 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve A Circuit Shorted
P0415 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve B Circuit
Malfunction

56 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0416 - P0445)

Code Definition
P0416 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve B Circuit Open
P0417 Secondary Air Injection System Switching Valve B Circuit
Shorted
P0418 Secondary Air Injection System Relay "A" Circuit Malfunction
P0419 Secondary Air Injection System Relay "B" Circuit Malfunction
P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P0421 Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P0422 Main Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P0423 Heated Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P0424 Heated Catalyst Temperature Below Threshold (Bank 1)
P0425 Catalyst Temperature Sensor (Bank 1)
P0426 Catalyst Temperature Sensor Range/Performance (Bank 1)
P0427 Catalyst Temperature Sensor Low Input (Bank 1)
P0428 Catalyst Temperature Sensor High Input (Bank 1)
P0429 Catalyst Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1)
P0430 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P0431 Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P0432 Main Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P0433 Heated Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P0434 Heated Catalyst Temperature Below Threshold (Bank 2)
P0435 Catalyst Temperature Sensor (Bank 2)
P0436 Catalyst Temperature Sensor Range/Performance (Bank 2)
P0437 Catalyst Temperature Sensor Low Input (Bank 2)
P0438 Catalyst Temperature Sensor High Input (Bank 2)
P0439 Catalyst Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2)
P0440 Evaporative Emission Control System Malfunction
P0441 Evaporative Emission Control System Incorrect Purge Flow
P0442 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (small
leak)
P0443 Evaporative Emission Control System Purge Control Valve
Circuit Malfunction
P0444 Evaporative Emission Control System Purge Control Valve
Circuit Open
P0445 Evaporative Emission Control System Purge Control Valve
Circuit Shorted

OBD 2 57
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0446 - P0473)

Code Definition
P0446 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit
Malfunction
P0447 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Open
P0448 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit
Shorted
P0449 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Valve/Solenoid
Circuit Malfunction
P0450 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor
Malfunction
P0451 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Range/
Performance
P0452 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor Low
Input
P0453 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor High
Input
P0454 Evaporative Emission Control System Pressure Sensor
Intermittent
P0455 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (gross
leak)
P0456 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (very
small leak)
P0457 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (fuel
cap loose/off)
P0460 Fuel Level Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0461 Fuel Level Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0462 Fuel Level Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0463 Fuel Level Sensor Circuit High Input
P0464 Fuel Level Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0465 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0466 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0467 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0468 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit High Input
P0469 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0470 Exhaust Pressure Sensor Malfunction
P0471 Exhaust Pressure Sensor Range/Performance
P0472 Exhaust Pressure Sensor Low
P0473 Exhaust Pressure Sensor High

58 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0474 - P0517)

Code Definition
P0474 Exhaust Pressure Sensor Intermittent
P0475 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Malfunction
P0476 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Range/Performance
P0477 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Low
P0478 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve High
P0479 Exhaust Pressure Control Valve Intermittent
P0480 Cooling Fan 1 Control Circuit Malfunction
P0481 Cooling Fan 2 Control Circuit Malfunction
P0482 Cooling Fan 3 Control Circuit Malfunction
P0483 Cooling Fan Rationality Check Malfunction
P0484 Cooling Fan Circuit Over Current
P0485 Cooling Fan Power/Ground Circuit Malfunction
P0486 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Sensor "B" Circuit
P0487 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Throttle Position Control Circuit
P0488 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Throttle Position Control Range/
Performance
P0491 Secondary Air Injection System (Bank 1)
P0492 Secondary Air Injection System (Bank 2)
P0500 Vehicle Speed Sensor Malfunction
P0501 Vehicle Speed Sensor Range/Performance
P0502 Vehicle Speed Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0503 Vehicle Speed Sensor Intermittent/Erratic/High
P0505 Idle Control System Malfunction
P0506 Idle Control System RPM Lower Than Expected
P0507 Idle Control System RPM Higher Than Expected
P0508 Idle Control System Circuit Low
P0509 Idle Control System Circuit High
P0510 Closed Throttle Position Switch Malfunction
P0512 Starter Request Circuit
P0513 Incorrect Immobilizer Key ("Immobilizer" pending SAE J1930
approval)
P0515 Battery Temperature Sensor Circuit
P0516 Battery Temperature Sensor Circuit Low
P0517 Battery Temperature Sensor Circuit High

OBD 2 59
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0520 - P0569)

Code Definition
P0520 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch Circuit Malfunction
P0521 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch Range/Performance
P0522 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch Low Voltage
P0523 Engine Oil Pressure/Switch High Voltage
P0524 Engine Oil Pressure Too Low
P0530 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0531 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0532 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0533 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Circuit High Input
P0534 Air Conditioner Refrigerant Charge Loss
P0540 Intake Air Heater Circuit
P0541 Intake Air Heater Circuit Low
P0542 Intake Air Heater Circuit High
P0544 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit (Bank 1)
P0545 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit Low (Bank 1)
P0546 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit High (Bank 1)
P0547 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit (Bank 2)
P0548 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit Low (Bank 2)
P0549 Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensor Circuit High (Bank 2)
P0550 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0551 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0552 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0553 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Circuit High Input
P0554 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0560 System Voltage Malfunction
P0561 System Voltage Unstable
P0562 System Voltage Low
P0563 System Voltage High
P0564 Cruise Control Multi-Function Input Signal
P0565 Cruise Control On Signal Malfunction
P0566 Cruise Control Off Signal Malfunction
P0567 Cruise Control Resume Signal Malfunction
P0568 Cruise Control Set Signal Malfunction
P0569 Cruise Control Coast Signal Malfunction

60 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0570 - P0635)

Code Definition
P0570 Cruise Control Accel Signal Malfunction
P0571 Cruise Control/Brake Switch A Circuit Malfunction
P0572 Cruise Control/Brake Switch A Circuit Low
P0573 Cruise Control/Brake Switch A Circuit High
P0574 Cruise Control System - Vehicle Speed Too High
P0575 Cruise Control Input Circuit
P0576 Cruise Control Input Circuit Low
P0577 Cruise Control Input Circuit High
P0578- Reserved for Cruise Control Codes
P0580
P0600 Serial Communication Link Malfunction
P0601 Internal Control Module Memory Check Sum Error
P0602 Control Module Programming Error
P0603 Internal Control Module Keep Alive Memory (KAM) Error
P0604 Internal Control Module Random Access Memory (RAM) Error
P0605 Internal Control Module Read Only Memory (ROM) Error
P0606 PCM Processor Fault
P0607 Control Module Performance
P0608 Control Module VSS Output "A" Malfunction
P0609 Control Module VSS Output "B" Malfunction
P0610 Control Module Vehicle Options Error
P0615 Starter Relay Circuit
P0616 Starter Relay Circuit Low
P0617 Starter Relay Circuit High
P0618 Alternative Fuel Control Module KAM Error
P0619 Alternative Fuel Control Module RAM/ROM Error
P0620 Generator Control Circuit Malfunction
P0621 Generator Lamp "L" Control Circuit Malfunction
P0622 Generator Field "F" Control Circuit Malfunction
P0623 Generator Lamp Control Circuit
P0624 Fuel Cap Lamp Control Circuit
P0630 VIN Not Programmed or Mismatch - ECM/PCM
P0631 VIN Not Programmed or Mismatch - TCM
P0635 Power Steering Control Circuit

OBD 2 61
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0636 - P0711)

Code Definition
P0636 Power Steering Control Circuit Low
P0637 Power Steering Control Circuit High
P0638 Throttle Actuator Control Range/Performance (Bank 1)
P0639 Throttle Actuator Control Range/Performance (Bank 2)
P0640 Intake Air Heater Control Circuit
P0645 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit
P0646 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit Low
P0647 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit High
P0648 Immobilizer Lamp Control Circuit ("Immobilizer" pending SAE
J1930 approval)
P0649 Speed Control Lamp Control Circuit
P0650 Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Control Circuit Malfunction
P0654 Engine RPM Output Circuit Malfunction
P0655 Engine Hot Lamp Output Control Circuit Malfunction
P0656 Fuel Level Output Circuit Malfunction
P0660 Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Control Circuit (Bank 1)
P0661 Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Control Circuit Low (Bank 1)
P0662 Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Control Circuit High (Bank 1)
P0663 Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Control Circuit (Bank 2)
P0664 Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Control Circuit Low (Bank 2)
P0665 Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Control Circuit High (Bank 2)
P0700 Transmission Control System Malfunction
P0701 Transmission Control System Range/Performance
P0702 Transmission Control System Electrical
P0703 Torque Converter/Brake Switch B Circuit Malfunction
P0704 Clutch Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
P0705 Transmission Range Sensor Circuit Malfunction (PRNDL Input)
P0706 Transmission Range Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0707 Transmission Range Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0708 Transmission Range Sensor Circuit High Input
P0709 Transmission Range Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0710 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0711 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit Range/
Performance

62 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0712 - P0746)

Code Definition
P0712 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit Low Input
P0713 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit High Input
P0714 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0715 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0716 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0717 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit No Signal
P0718 Input/Turbine Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0719 Torque Converter/Brake Switch B Circuit Low
P0720 Output Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P0721 Output Speed Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0722 Output Speed Sensor Circuit No Signal
P0723 Output Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0724 Torque Converter/Brake Switch B Circuit High
P0725 Engine Speed Input Circuit Malfunction
P0726 Engine Speed Input Circuit Range/Performance
P0727 Engine Speed Input Circuit No Signal
P0728 Engine Speed Input Circuit Intermittent
P0730 Incorrect Gear Ratio
P0731 Gear 1 Incorrect Ratio
P0732 Gear 2 Incorrect Ratio
P0733 Gear 3 Incorrect Ratio
P0734 Gear 4 Incorrect Ratio
P0735 Gear 5 Incorrect Ratio
P0736 Reverse Incorrect Ratio
P0737 TCM Engine Speed Output Circuit
P0738 TCM Engine Speed Output Circuit Low
P0739 TCM Engine Speed Output Circuit High
P0740 Torque Converter Clutch Circuit Malfunction
P0741 Torque Converter Clutch Circuit Performance or Stuck Off
P0742 Torque Converter Clutch Circuit Stuck On
P0743 Torque Converter Clutch Circuit Electrical
P0744 Torque Converter Clutch Circuit Intermittent
P0745 Pressure Control Solenoid Malfunction
P0746 Pressure Control Solenoid Performance or Stuck Off

OBD 2 63
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0747 - P0780)

Code Definition
P0747 Pressure Control Solenoid Stuck On
P0748 Pressure Control Solenoid Electrical
P0749 Pressure Control Solenoid Intermittent
P0750 Shift Solenoid A Malfunction
P0751 Shift Solenoid A Performance or Stuck Off
P0752 Shift Solenoid A Stuck On
P0753 Shift Solenoid A Electrical
P0754 Shift Solenoid A Intermittent
P0755 Shift Solenoid B Malfunction
P0756 Shift Solenoid B Performance or Stuck Off
P0757 Shift Solenoid B Stuck On
P0758 Shift Solenoid B Electrical
P0759 Shift Solenoid B Intermittent
P0760 Shift Solenoid C Malfunction
P0761 Shift Solenoid C Performance or Stuck Off
P0762 Shift Solenoid C Stuck On
P0763 Shift Solenoid C Electrical
P0764 Shift Solenoid C Intermittent
P0765 Shift Solenoid D Malfunction
P0766 Shift Solenoid D Performance or Stuck Off
P0767 Shift Solenoid D Stuck On
P0768 Shift Solenoid D Electrical
P0769 Shift Solenoid D Intermittent
P0770 Shift Solenoid E Malfunction
P0771 Shift Solenoid E Performance or Stuck Off
P0772 Shift Solenoid E Stuck On
P0773 Shift Solenoid E Electrical
P0774 Shift Solenoid E Intermittent
P0775 Pressure Control Solenoid "B"
P0776 Pressure Control Solenoid "B" Performance or Stuck Off
P0777 Pressure Control Solenoid "B" Stuck On
P0778 Pressure Control Solenoid "B" Electrical
P0779 Pressure Control Solenoid "B" Intermittent
P0780 Shift Malfunction

64 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0781 - P0816)

Code Definition
P0781 1-2 Shift Malfunction
P0782 2-3 Shift Malfunction
P0783 3-4 Shift Malfunction
P0784 4-5 Shift Malfunction
P0785 Shift/Timing Solenoid Malfunction
P0786 Shift/Timing Solenoid Range/Performance
P0787 Shift/Timing Solenoid Low
P0788 Shift/Timing Solenoid High
P0789 Shift/Timing Solenoid Intermittent
P0790 Normal/Performance Switch Circuit Malfunction
P0791 Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit
P0792 Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0793 Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit No Signal
P0794 Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0795 Pressure Control Solenoid "C"
P0796 Pressure Control Solenoid "C" Performance or Stuck Off
P0797 Pressure Control Solenoid "C" Stuck On
P0798 Pressure Control Solenoid "C" Electrical
P0799 Pressure Control Solenoid "C" Intermittent
P0801 Reverse Inhibit Control Circuit Malfunction
P0803 1-4 Upshift (Skip Shift) Solenoid Control Circuit Malfunction
P0804 1-4 Upshift (Skip Shift) Lamp Control Circuit Malfunction
P0805 Clutch Position Sensor Circuit
P0806 Clutch Position Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P0807 Clutch Position Sensor Circuit Low
P0808 Clutch Position Sensor Circuit High
P0809 Clutch Position Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P0810 Clutch Position Control Error
P0811 Excessive Clutch Slippage
P0812 Reverse Input Circuit
P0813 Reverse Output Circuit
P0814 Transmission Range Display Circuit
P0815 Upshift Switch Circuit
P0816 Downshift Switch Circuit

OBD 2 65
DTC Definitions
GENERIC (P0817 - P0849)

Code Definition
P0817 Starter Disable Circuit
P0818 Driveline Disconnect Switch Input Circuit
P0820 Gear Lever X-Y Position Sensor Circuit
P0821 Gear Lever X Position Circuit
P0822 Gear Lever Y Position Circuit
P0823 Gear Lever X Position Circuit Intermittent
P0824 Gear Lever Y Position Circuit Intermittent
P0825 Gear Lever Push-Pull Switch (Shift Anticipate)
P0830 Clutch Pedal Switch "A" Circuit
P0831 Clutch Pedal Switch "A" Circuit Low
P0832 Clutch Pedal Switch "A" Circuit High
P0833 Clutch Pedal Switch "B" Circuit
P0834 Clutch Pedal Switch "B" Circuit Low
P0835 Clutch Pedal Switch "B" Circuit High
P0836 Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Switch Circuit
P0837 Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Switch Circuit Range/Performance
P0838 Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Switch Circuit Low
P0839 Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Switch Circuit High
P0840 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "A" Circuit
P0841 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "A" Circuit Range/
Performance
P0842 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "A" Circuit Low
P0843 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "A" Circuit High
P0844 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "A" Circuit
Intermittent
P0845 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "B" Circuit
P0846 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "B" Circuit Range/
Performance
P0847 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "B" Circuit Low
P0848 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "B" Circuit High
P0849 Transmission Fluid Pressure Sensor/Switch "B" Circuit
Intermittent

66 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
CHRYSLER (P1103 - P1389)

MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - CHRYSLER

Code Definition
P1103 Turbocharger Waste Gate Actuator Malfunction
P1104 Turbocharger Waste Gate Solenoid Malfunction
P1105 Fuel Pressure Solenoid Malfunction
P1195 Slow Switching O2 Sensor Bank One Sensor One During
catalyst monitoring
P1196 Slow Switching O2 Sensor Bank two Sensor one During
catalyst monitoring
P1197 Slow Switching O2 Sensor Bank One Sensor two During
catalyst monitoring
P1198 Radiator Temperature Sensor Input voltage too high
P1199 Radiator Temperature Sensor Input voltage too low
P1281 Engine is cold too long
P1282 Fuel Pump Relay control circuit
P1283 Idle select signal invalid
P1284 Fuel Injection pump battery voltage sensor out of range
P1285 Fuel Injection pump controller always on
P1286 Accelerator Position Sensor (APPS) supply voltage too high
P1287 Fuel Injection pump Controller Supply voltage low
P1288 Intake manifold short runner tuning valve solenoid circuit
P1289 Manifold tune valve solenoid circuit
P1290 CNG Fuel system pressure too high
P1291 No Temp rise seen from intake heaters
P1292 CNG Pressure sensor voltage too high
P1293 CNG Pressure sensor voltage too low
P1294 Target idle not reached
P1295 No 5 volts to TP sensor
P1296 No 5 volts to MAP sensor
P1297 No change in MAP sensor from start to run
P1298 lean operation at wide open throttle
P1299 Vacuum Leak detected (IAC fully seated)
P1300 Ignition timing adjustment circuit failure
P1388 Auto shutdown relay control circuit
P1389 No ASD relay output voltage at PCM

OBD 2 67
DTC Definitions
CHRYSLER (P1390 - P1596)

Code Definition
P1390 Timing belt skipped one tooth or more
P1391 Intermittent loss of CMP or CKP
P1398 Mis-Fire Adaptive Numerator at Limit (PCM is unable to learn
the crank sensors signal for use in preparation for misfire
diagnostics
P1399 Wait to start lamp circuit
P1403 No 5 volt feed to EGR
P1475 Auxiliary 5 volt supply is too high
P1476 Too little secondary air
P1477 Too much secondary air
P1478 Battery Temp Sensor Volts out of limit
P1479 Transmission Fan Relay Circuit
P1480 PCV Solenoid Circuit
P1481 EATX (Electronic Automatic Transaxle) RPM pulse
generator performance
P1482 Catalyst Temperature Sensor Circuit shorted low
P1483 Catalyst Temperature Sensor Circuit shorted high
P1484 Catalytic Converter overheat detected
P1485 Air injection solenoid circuit
P1486 EVAP Leak Monitor found a pinched hose
P1487 Hi Speed Fan #2 Circuit
P1488 Auxiliary 5 volt supply output is too low
P1489 High speed fan control relay circuit
P1490 Low speed fan control relay circuit
P1491 Radiator fan relay control circuit
P1492 Ambient/ Battery Temp sensor input voltage too high
P1493 Ambient/ Battery Temp sensor input voltage too low
P1494 Leak detection pump pressure switch or mechanical fault
P1495 Leak detection pump solenoid circuit
P1496 5 volt supply, output too low
P1498 High speed radiator fan ground control relay circuit
P1500 General alternator 'FR' Terminal circuit fault
P1594 Charging system voltage too high
P1595 Speed control solenoid circuits
P1596 Speed control switch always high

68 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
CHRYSLER (P1597 - P1899)

Code Definition
P1597 Speed control switch always low
P1598 A/C pressure sensor input voltage too high
P1599 A/C pressure sensor input voltage too low
P1680 Clutch released switch circuit
P1681 No I/P Cluster CCD/ J1850 messages received
P1682 Charging system voltage too low
P1683 Speed control servo power control circuit
P1684 The battery has been disconnected within the last 50 starts
P1685 The SKIM (Smart Key Immobilizer Module) has received an
invalid key
P1686 No SKIM (Smart Key Immobilizer Module) bus message
received
P1687 No Mechanical Instrument cluster bus message
P1688 Internal Fuel injection pump controller failure
P1689 No communication between the ECM and injection pump module
P1690 Fuel injection pump CKP sensor does not agree with the ECM
CKP sensor
P1691 Fuel injection pump controller calibration error
P1692 Fault in companion Engine control module
P1693 A companion DTC was set in both the ECM and PCM
P1694 No CCD message from PCM- Aisin transmission
P1695 No CCD message from body control module
P1696 PCM failure EEPROM write denied
P1697 PCM Failure SRI (Service Reminder Indicator) mileage not
stored
P1698 No CCD message from TCM
P1719 Skip shift solenoid circuit
P1740 TCC solenoid or overdrive solenoid performance
P1756 Governor pressure not equal to target at 15-20 psi
P1757 Governor pressure is above 3 PSI when 0 PSI is requested
P1762 Governor pressure sensor offset improper voltage
P1763 Governor pressure sensor voltage to high
P1764 Governor pressure sensor voltage to low
P1765 Transmission 12 volt supply relay control circuit
P1899 Park/ Neutral switch stuck in park or gear

OBD 2 69
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1000 - P1133)

MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - FORD

Code Definition
P1000 OBD Systems Readiness Test Not Complete
P1001 KOER Not Able to Complete, KOER Aborted
P1100 Mass Air Flow Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1101 Mass Air Flow Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1105 Dual Alternator Upper Fault
P1106 Dual Alternator Lower Fault
P1107 Dual Alternator Lower Circuit
P1108 Dual Alternator Lower Circuit
P1109 Intake Air Temperature B Circuit Intermittent
P1111 System Pass
P1112 Intake Air Temperature Circuit Intermittent
P1114 Intake Air Temperature B Circuit Low Input (Super/Turbo
Charged engines)
P1115 Intake Air Temperature B Circuit High Input (Super/Turbo
Charged engines)
P1116 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1117 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1118 Manifold Air Temperature Circuit Low Input
P1119 Manifold Air Temperature Circuit High Input
P1120 Throttle Position Sensor A Out Of Range Low (Ratch too low)
P1121 Throttle Position Sensor A Inconsistent With Mass Air Flow
Sensor
P1122 Pedal Position Sensor A Circuit Low Input
P1123 Pedal Position Sensor A Circuit High Input
P1124 Throttle Position Sensor A Out Of Self Test Range
P1125 Throttle Position Sensor A Intermittent
P1127 Exhaust Not Warm, Downstream O2 Sensor Not Tested
P1128 Upstream HO2S Sensors Swapped
P1129 Downstream HO2S Sensors Swapped
P1130 Lack Of HO2S11 Switches - Fuel Trim At Limit
P1131 Lack Of HO2S11 Switches - Sensor Indicates Lean
P1132 Lack Of HO2S11 Switches - Sensor Indicates Rich
P1133 Bank 1 Fuel Control Shifted Lean (FAOSC)

70 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
FORD (P1134 - P1187)

Code Definition
P1134 Bank 1 Fuel Control Shifted Rich (FAOSC)
P1135 Pedal Position Sensor A Circuit Intermittent
P1137 Lack of HO2S12 Switches - Sensor Indicates Lean
P1138 Lack of HO2S12 Switches - Sensor Indicates Rich
P1139 Water in Fuel Indicator Circuit
P1140 Water in Fuel Condition
P1141 Fuel Restriction Indicator Circuit
P1142 Fuel Restriction Condition
P1150 Lack of HO2S21 Switches - Fuel Trim At Limit
P1151 Lack of HO2S21 Switches - Sensor Indicates Lean
P1152 Lack of HO2S21 Switches - Sensor Indicates Rich
P1153 Bank 2 Fuel Control Shifted Lean (FAOSC)
P1154 Bank 2 Fuel Control Shifted Rich (FAOSC)
P1155 Alternative Fuel Control Module Has Activated the MIL
P1157 Lack of HO2S22 Switches - Sensor Indicates Lean
P1158 Lack of HO2S22 Switches - Sensor Indicates Rich
P1168 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor In Range But Low
P1169 Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor In Range But High
P1170 Engine Shut Off Solenoid
P1171 Rotor Sensor
P1172 Rotor Control
P1173 Rotor Calibration
P1174 Cam Sensor
P1175 Cam Control
P1176 Cam Calibration
P1177 Synchronization
P1178 Boltup Limits
P1180 Fuel Delivery System - Low
P1181 Fuel Delivery System - High
P1183 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit
P1184 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1185 Fuel Pump Temperature Sensor High
P1186 Fuel Pump Temperature Sensor Low
P1187 Variant Selection

OBD 2 71
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1188 - P1232)

Code Definition
P1188 Calibration Memory
P1189 Pump Speed Signal
P1190 Calibration Resistor Out Of Range
P1191 Key Line Voltage
P1192 V External
P1193 EGR Driver Over Current
P1194 ECM/PCM A/D Converter
P1195 SCP HBCC Chip Failed to Initialize
P1196 Key Off Voltage High
P1197 Key Off Voltage Low
P1198 Pump Rotor Control Underfueling
P1209 Injector Control Pressure Peak Delta Test Fault
P1210 Injector Control Pressure Above Expected Level
P1211 Injector Control Pressure Above/Below Desired
P1212 Injector Control Pressure Not At Expected Level
P1214 Pedal Position Sensor B Circuit Intermittent
P1215 Pedal Position Sensor C Circuit Low Input
P1216 Pedal Position Sensor C Circuit High Input
P1217 Pedal Position Sensor C Circuit Intermittent
P1218 CID High
P1219 CID Low
P1220 Series Throttle Control System
P1221 Traction Control System
P1222 Pedal Position Sensor B Circuit Low Input
P1222 Traction Control Output Circuit
P1223 Pedal Position Sensor B Circuit High Input
P1224 Throttle Position Sensor B Out Of Self Test Range
P1227 Wastegate Failed Closed (Over pressure)
P1228 Wastegate Failed Open (Under pressure)
P1229 Charge Air Cooler Pump Driver
P1230 Fuel Pump Low Speed Malfunction (VLCM)
P1231 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit Low, High Speed (VLCM)
P1232 Fuel Pump Speed Primary Circuit (Two speed fuel pump)

72 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
FORD (P1233 - P1271)

Code Definition
P1233 Fuel Pump Driver Module Disabled or Off Line (Fuel Pump
Driver Module)
P1234 Fuel Pump Driver Module Disabled or Off Line (Fuel Pump
Driver Module)
P1235 Fuel Pump Control Out Of Range (Fuel Pump Driver Module/
VLCM)
P1236 Fuel Pump Control Out Of Range (Fuel Pump Driver Module)
P1237 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit (Fuel Pump Driver Module)
P1238 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit (Fuel Pump Driver Module)
P1239 Speed Fuel Pump Positive Feed
P1243 Second Fuel Pump Fault or Ground Fault
P1244 Alternator Load High Input
P1245 Alternator Load Low Input
P1246 Alternator Load Input
P1247 Turbo Boost Pressure Low
P1248 Turbo Boost Pressure Not Detected
P1249 Wastegate Control Valve Performance
P1252 Pedal Correlation PDS1 and LPDS High
P1253 Pedal Correlation PDS1 and LPDS Low
P1254 Pedal Correlation PDS2 and LPDS High
P1255 Pedal Correlation PDS2 and LPDS Low
P1256 Pedal Correlation PDS1 and HPDS
P1257 Pedal Correlation PDS2 and HPDS
P1258 Pedal Correlation PDS1 and PDS2
P1260 Theft Detected, Vehicle Immobilized
P1261 Cylinder #1 High To Low Side Short
P1262 Cylinder #2 High To Low Side Short
P1263 Cylinder #3 High To Low Side Short
P1264 Cylinder #4 High To Low Side Short
P1265 Cylinder #5 High To Low Side Short
P1266 Cylinder #6 High To Low Side Short
P1267 Cylinder #7 High To Low Side Short
P1268 Cylinder #8 High To Low Side Short
P1270 Engine RPM or Vehicle Speed Limiter Reached
P1271 Cylinder #1 High To Low Side Open

OBD 2 73
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1272 - P1306)

Code Definition
P1272 Cylinder #2 High To Low Side Open
P1273 Cylinder #3 High To Low Side Open
P1274 Cylinder #4 High To Low Side Open
P1275 Cylinder #5 High To Low Side Open
P1276 Cylinder #6 High To Low Side Open
P1277 Cylinder #7 High To Low Side Open
P1278 Cylinder #8 High To Low Side Open
P1280 Injector Control Pressure Out Of Range Low
P1281 Injector Control Pressure Out Of Range High
P1282 Excessive Injector Control Pressure
P1283 Injector Pressure Regulator Circuit
P1284 Aborted KOER - Injector Control Pressure Failure
P1285 Cylinder Head Overtemperature Condition
P1286 Fuel Pulsewidth In Range But Lower Than Expected
P1287 Fuel Pulsewidth In Range But Higher Than Expected
P1288 Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1289 Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Circuit High Input
P1290 Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Circuit Low Input
P1291 Injector High Side Short To GND Or VBATT - Bank 1
P1292 Injector High Side Short To GND Or VBATT - Bank 2
P1293 Injector High Side Open - Bank 1
P1294 Injector High Side Open - Bank 2
P1295 Injector Multiple Faults - Bank 1
P1296 Injector Multiple Faults - Bank 2
P1297 Injector High Side Switches Shorted Together
P1298 Injector Driver Module Failure
P1299 Cylinder Head Overtemperature Protection Active
P1300 Boost Calibration Fault
P1301 Boost Calibration High
P1302 Boost Calibration Low
P1303 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Calibration Fault
P1304 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Calibration High
P1305 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Calibration Low
P1306 Kickdown Relay Pull-in Circuit

74 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
FORD (P1307 - P1400)

Code Definition
P1307 Kickdown Relay Hold Circuit
P1309 Misfire Monitor AICE Chip Fault, Misfire Monitor Disabled
P1310 Ionization Misfire Detection Module Fault
P1311 Ionization Misfire Detection Module Communication Fault
P1316 IDM Codes Detected
P1340 Camshaft Position Sensor B Circuit
P1351 Ignition Diagnostic Monitor Input Circuit
P1352 Ignition Coil A Primary Circuit
P1353 Ignition Coil B Primary Circuit
P1354 Ignition Coil C Primary Circuit
P1355 Ignition Coil D Primary Circuit
P1356 Ignition Diagnostic Monitor Indicates Engine Not Turning
P1357 Ignition Diagnostic Monitor Pulsewidth Not Defined
P1358 Ignition Diagnostic Monitor Signal Out Of Self Test Range
(no CPU OK)
P1359 Spark Output Circuit
P1360 Ignition Coil A Secondary Circuit
P1361 Ignition Coil B Secondary Circuit
P1362 Ignition Coil C Secondary Circuit
P1363 Ignition Coil D Secondary Circuit
P1364 Ignition Coil Primary Circuit
P1365 Ignition Coil Secondary Circuit
P1366 Ignition Spare
P1367 Ignition Spare
P1368 Ignition Spare
P1369 Engine Temperature Light Circuit
P1380 Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit (Bank 1)
P1381 Camshaft Position Timing Over Advanced (Bank 1)
P1383 Camshaft Position Timing Over Retarded (Bank 1)
P1385 Camshaft Position Actuator Circuit (Bank 2)
P1386 Camshaft Position Timing Over Advanced (Bank 2)
P1388 Camshaft Position Timing Over Retarded (Bank 2)
P1390 Octane Adjust Service Pin In Use/Circuit Open
P1400 Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Circuit Low Input

OBD 2 75
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1401 - P1469)

Code Definition
P1401 Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Circuit High Input
P1402 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Metering Orifice Restricted
P1403 Differential Pressure Feedback Sensor Hoses Reversed
P1404 EGR Temperature Sensor Circuit
P1405 Differential Pressure Feedback Sensor Upstream Hose Off
Or Plugged
P1406 Differential Pressure Feedback Sensor Downstream Hose Off
Or Plugged
P1407 Exhaust Gas Recirculation No Flow Detected
P1408 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Out Of Self Test Range
P1409 EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Circuit
P1410 Auxiliary Air Cleaner Inlet Control Circuit
P1411 Secondary Air Injection Incorrect Downstream Flow Detected
P1413 Secondary Air Injection Monitor Circuit Low Input
P1414 Secondary Air Injection Monitor Circuit High Input
P1431 Misfire Monitor Disabled, Unable to Learn Trigger Wheel
Profile
P1442 Evaporative Emission Control System Control Leak Detected
P1443 Evaporative Emission Control System Control Valve
P1444 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit Low Input
P1445 Purge Flow Sensor Circuit High Input
P1450 Unable to Bleed Up Fuel Tank Vacuum
P1451 Evaporative Emission Control System Vent Control Circuit
P1452 Unable to Bleed Up Fuel Tank Vacuum
P1455 Evaporative Emission Control System Control Leak Detected
(gross leak/no flow)
P1457 Unable to Pull Fuel Tank Vacuum
P1460 Wide Open Throttle A/C Cutout Circuit
P1461 A/C Pressure Sensor Circuit High Input
P1462 A/C Pressure Sensor Circuit Low Input
P1463 A/C Pressure Sensor Insufficient Pressure Change
P1464 A/C Demand Out Of Self Test Range
P1465 A/C Relay Circuit
P1466 A/C Refrigerant Temperature Sensor Circuit
P1469 Rapid A/C Cycling

76 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
FORD (P1473 - P1566)

Code Definition
P1473 Fan Circuit Open (VLCM)
P1474 Fan Control Primary Circuit
P1479 High Fan Control Primary Circuit
P1480 Fan Secondary Low With Low Fan On
P1481 Fan Secondary Low With High Fan On
P1482 SCP
P1483 Brake Pedal Input Short To Battery
P1484 Fan Driver Circuit Open To Power Ground (VLCM)
P1485 Brake Pedal Input Short To Battery
P1500 Vehicle Speed Sensor
P1501 Vehicle Speed Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1502 Vehicle Speed Sensor Intermittent
P1504 Idle Air Control Circuit
P1505 Idle Air Control System At Adaptive Clip
P1506 Idle Air Control Overspeed Error
P1507 Idle Air Control Underspeed Error
P1512 Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Closed (Bank 1)
P1513 Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Closed (Bank 2)
P1516 Intake Manifold Runner Control Input Error (Bank 1)
P1517 Intake Manifold Runner Control Input Error (Bank 2)
P1518 Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Open (Bank 1)
P1519 Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Closed (Bank 2)
P1520 Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit
P1530 A/C Clutch Circuit Open (VLCM)
P1532 Intake Manifold Communication Control Circuit (Bank 2)
P1533 Air Assisted Injector Circuit
P1534 Restraint Deployment Indicator Circuit
P1537 Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Open (Bank 1)
P1538 Intake Manifold Runner Control Stuck Open (Bank 2)
P1539 A/C Clutch Circuit Overcurrent/Short (VLCM)
P1549 Intake Manifold Communication Control Circuit (Bank 1)
P1550 Power Steering Pressure Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1565 Speed Control Command Switch Out Of Range High
P1566 Speed Control Command Switch Out Of Range Low

OBD 2 77
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1567 - P1625)

Code Definition
P1567 Speed Control Output Circuit
P1568 Speed Control Unable To Hold Speed
P1572 Brake Pedal Switch Circuit
P1573 Throttle Position Not Available
P1574 Throttle Position Sensor Outputs Disagree
P1575 Pedal Position Out Of Self Test Range
P1576 Pedal Position Not Available
P1577 Pedal Position Sensor Outputs Disagree
P1578 ETC Power Less Than Demand
P1579 ETC In Power Limiting Mode
P1580 Electronic Throttle Monitor PCM Override
P1581 Electronic Throttle Monitor Malfunction
P1582 Electronic Throttle Monitor Data Available
P1583 Electronic Throttle Monitor Cruise Disablement
P1584 Throttle Control Detected ETB Malfunction
P1585 Throttle Control Malfunction
P1586 Electronic Throttle To PCM Communication Error
P1587 Throttle Control Modulated Command Malfunction
P1588 Throttle Control Detected Loss Of Return Spring
P1589 Throttle Control Unable To Control To Desired Throttle Angle
P1605 Keep Alive Memory Test Failure
P1610 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1611 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1612 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1613 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1614 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1615 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1616 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1617 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1618 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1618 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1619 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1620 SBDS Interactive Codes
P1625 Fan Driver Circuit Open to Power B+ (VLCM)

78 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
FORD (P1626 - P1716)

Code Definition
P1626 A/C Circuit Open to Power B+ (VLCM)
P1633 Keep Alive Power Voltage Too Low
P1635 Tire/Axle Out of Acceptable Range
P1636 Inductive Signature Chip Communication Error
P1639 Vehicle ID Block Corrupted, Not Programmed
P1640 Powertrain DTCs Available In Another Control Module (Ref.
PID 0946)
P1641 Fuel Pump Primary Circuit
P1642 CAN Link Circuit
P1642 Fuel Pump Monitor Circuit Low Input [DTC will be deleted on
next version]
P1643 CAN Link ECM/TCM Circuit/Network
P1643 Fuel Pump Monitor Circuit Low Input[DTC will be deleted on next
version]
P1644 Fuel Pump Speed Control Circuit
P1650 Power Steering Pressure Switch Out Of Self Test Range
P1651 Power Steering Pressure Switch Input
P1656 CAN Link PCM/PCM Circuit Network
P1657 CAN Link Chip Malfunction
P1700 Transmission Indeterminate Failure (Failed to Neutral)
P1701 Reverse Engagement Error
P1702 Transmission Range Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1703 Brake Switch Out Of Self Test Range
P1704 Transmission Range Circuit Not Indicating Park/Neutral
During Self Test
P1705 Transmission Range Circuit Not Indicating Park/Neutral
During Self Test
P1709 Park Neutral Position Switch Out Of Self Test Range
P1711 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor Out Of Self Test Range
P1712 Transmission Torque Reduction Request Signal
P1713 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor In Range Failure
(<50 deg F)
P1714 Shift Solenoid A Inductive Signature
P1715 Shift Solenoid B Inductive Signature
P1716 Shift Solenoid C Inductive Signature

OBD 2 79
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1717 - P1785)

Code Definition
P1717 Shift Solenoid D Inductive Signature
P1718 Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor In Range Failure
(>250 deg F)
P1727 Coast Clutch Solenoid Inductive Signature
P1728 Transmission Slip
P1729 4x4L Switch
P1731 1-2 Shift Malfunction
P1732 2-3 Shift Malfunction
P1733 3-4 Shift Malfunction
P1740 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Inductive Signature
P1741 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Control Error
P1742 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Circuit Failed On
P1743 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Circuit Failed On
P1744 Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Circuit Performance
P1746 Pressure Control Solenoid A Open Circuit
P1747 Pressure Control Solenoid A Short Circuit
P1749 Pressure Control Solenoid A Failed Low
P1751 Shift Solenoid A Performance
P1754 Coast Clutch Solenoid Circuit
P1756 Shift Solenoid B Performance
P1760 Pressure Control Solenoid A Short Circuit Intermittent
P1761 Shift Solenoid C Performance
P1762 Overdrive Band Failed Off
P1766 Shift Solenoid D Performance
P1767 Torque Converter Clutch Circuit
P1768 Performance/Normal/Winter Mode Input
P1770 Clutch Solenoid Circuit
P1780 Transmission Control Switch (O/D Cancel) Circuit Out Of Self
Test Range
P1781 4X4L Circuit Out Of Self Test Range
P1782 Performance/Economy Switch Circuit Out Of Self Test Range
P1783 Transmission Overtemperature Condition
P1784 Transmission Mechanical Failure - First and Reverse
P1785 Transmission Mechanical Failure - First and Second

80 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
FORD (P1786 - P1882)

Code Definition
P1786 3-2 Downshift Error
P1787 2-1 Downshift Error
P1788 Pressure Control Solenoid B Open Circuit
P1789 Pressure Control Solenoid B Short Circuit
P1795 Inconsistent CAN Level
P1804 4-Wheel Drive High Indicator Circuit Open or Shorted To Ground
P1806 4-Wheel Drive High Indicator Short To Battery
P1808 4-Wheel Drive Low Indicator Circuit Open or Short To Ground
P1810 4-Wheel Drive Low Indicator Short To Battery
P1812 4-Wheel Drive Mode Select Switch Circuit Open
P1815 4-Wheel Drive Mode Select Switch Circuit Short To Ground
P1819 Neutral Safety Switch Input Short To Ground
P1820 Transfer Case LO To HI Shift Relay Circuit Open Or Short To
Ground
P1822 Transfer Case LO To HI Shift Relay Coil Short To Battery
P1824 4-Wheel Drive Electric Clutch Relay Open Or Short To Ground
P1826 4-Wheel Drive Electric Clutch Relay Short To Battery
P1828 Transfer Case HI To LO Shift Relay Coil Circuit Open Or Short
To Ground
P1830 Transfer Case HI To LO Shift Relay Coil Circuit Short To Battery
P1832 Transfer Case 4-Wheel Drive Solenoid Circuit Open or Short To
Ground
P1834 Transfer Case 4-Wheel Drive Solenoid Circuit Short To Battery
P1838 No Shift Motor Movement Detected
P1846 Transfer Case Contact Plate A Circuit Open
P1850 Transfer Case Contact Plate B Circuit Open
P1854 Transfer Case Contact Plate C Circuit Open
P1858 Transfer Case Contact Plate D Circuit Open
P1866 Transfer Case Cannot Be Shifted
P1867 Transfer Case Contact Plate General Circuit Failure
P1876 Transfer Case 2-Wheel Drive Solenoid Circuit Open Or Short
To Ground
P1877 Transfer Case 2-Wheel Drive Solenoid Circuit Short To Battery
P1881 Engine Coolant Level Switch Circuit
P1882 Engine Coolant Level Switch Circuit Short To Ground

OBD 2 81
DTC Definitions
FORD (P1883 - P1901)

Code Definition
P1883 Engine Coolant Level Switch Circuit
P1884 Engine Coolant Level Lamp Circuit Short To Ground
P1891 Transfer Case Contact Plate Ground Return Open Circuit
P1900 Output Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1901 Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor Circuit Intermittent

82 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1031 - P1188)

MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - GENERAL

MOTORS
Code Definition
P1031 H02 Sensor Heater Control Circuit Problem
P1106 MAP Sensor Circuit Intermittent High or Low Voltage
P1107 MAP Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage Low
P1108 BARO to MAP Signal Circuit Comparison Too High
P1111 IAT Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage High
P1112 IAT Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage Low (except Catera)
P1112 Intake Plenum Switchover Valve Control (Catera)
P1113 Intake Resonance Switchover Valve Control
P1114 ECT Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage Low
P1115 ECT Sensor Circuit Intermittent Voltage High
P1120 Throttle Positioning Sensor 1 Circuit
P1121 Throttle Positioning Sensor 1,2 Circuit Performance/ Fuel
Injector Secondary System Circuit Low
P1122 TPS Circuit Intermittent Voltage Low
P1125 APP System
P1133 HO2S/O2S Insufficient Switching Sensor 1 Or Bank 1 Sensor 1
P1134 HO2S Transition Time Ratio Bank 1 Sensor 1
P1137 HO2 Sensor Low Voltage During Power Enrichment
P1138 HO2 Sensor High Voltage During Decel Fuel Cutoff
P1139 HO2S Insufficient Switching Bank 1 Sensor 2
P1140 HO2S Transition Time Ratio Bank 1 Sensor 2
P1141 HO2 Sensor Heater Control Circuit (Bank 1 Sensor 2)
P1153 HO2S Insufficient Switching Bank 2 Sensor 1
P1154 HO2S Transition Time Ratio Bank 2 Sensor 1
P1158 HO2 Sensor Shift Rich (Bank 2 Sensor 2)/ Engine Metal
Over-Temperature Protection
P1161 HO2 Sensor Heater Control Circuit (Bank 2 Sensor 2)
P1171 Fuel System Lean During Acceleration
P1187 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit Voltage Low (except
1997 Corvette)
P1187 Engine Oil Pressure Sensor Circuit Voltage Low (1997 Corvette)
P1188 Engine Oil Temperature Sensor Circuit Voltage High
(except 1997 Corvette)

OBD 2 83
DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1188 - P1320)

Code Definition
P1188 Engine Oil Pressure Sensor Circuit Voltage High (1997 Corvette)
P1189 Engine Oil Pressure Switch Circuit
P1200 Injector Control Circuit
P1214 Injection Pump Timing Offset
P1215 Generator Driver Circuit
P1216 Fuel Solenoid Response Time Too Short
P1217 Fuel Solenoid Response Time Too Long
P1218 Injection Pump Calibration Circuit
P1220 Throttle Position (TP) Sensor 2 Circuit Fault
P1221 TP Sensor 1, 2 Performance
P1222 Injector Control Circuit Intermittent
P1250 Early Fuel Evaporative (EFE) Heater Circuit
P1257 Boost Control Condition/Supercharge System Overboost
P1260 Fuel Pump Speed Relay Control Circuit
P1271 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 1-2 Correlation
P1272 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 2-3 Correlation
P1273 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 1-3 Correlation
P1275 Boost Control Condition (except 1997-98 Corvette)
P1275 Accelerator Pedal Positioning (APP) Sensor 1 Circuit (1997-98
Corvette)
P1276 Accelerator Pedal Positioning (APP) Sensor 1 Circuit
Performance
P1280 Accelerator Pedal Positioning (APP) Sensor 2 Circuit
P1281 Accelerator Pedal Positioning (APP) Sensor 2 Circuit
Performance
P1285 Accelerator Pedal Positioning (APP) Sensor 2 Circuit
P1286 Accelerator Pedal Positioning (APP) Sensor 2 Circuit
Performance
P1300 Ignition Coil 1 Primary Feedback Circuit
P1305 Ignition Coil 2 Primary Feedback Circuit
P1310 Ignition Coil 3 Primary Feedback Circuit
P1315 Ignition Coil 4 Primary Feedback Circuit
P1320 ICM 4X Reference Circuit Too Many Pulses (except 1996-98
4.0L)
P1320 ICM 4X Reference Circuit Intermittent No Pulses (1996-98
4.0L)

84 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1323 - P1406)

Code Definition
P1323 ICM 24X Reference Circuit Low Frequency
P1335 Crankshaft Positioning Sensing Circuit
P1336 CKP System Variation Not Learned
P1345 Camshaft To Crankshaft Position Correlation Fault
P1346 CKP Sensor System Variation Not Learned/ Intake Camshaft
Position Performance
P1349 Intake Camshaft Position System
P1350 Ignition Control System
P1351 Ignition Control Circuit Voltage High (except 1998 3.1L)
P1351 Ignition Control Circuit Open (1998 3.1L)
P1352 Bypass Circuit Open Or Voltage High
P1359 Ignition Coil Group 1 Control Circuit
P1360 Ignition Coil group 2 Control Circuit
P1361 IC Circuit Not Toggling
P1361 Ignition Control Circuit Voltage Low (Distributor Ignition)
P1362 Bypass Circuit Shorted Or Voltage Low
P1370 ICM 4X Reference Too Many Pulses
P1371 ICM 4X Reference Too Few Pulses (except Caprice, Fleetwood,
Impala SS & Roadmaster)
P1371 Distributor Ignition Low Resolution Circuit (Caprice, Fleetwood,
Impala SS & Roadmaster)
P1372 CKP Sensor A-B Correlation
P1374 3X Reference Circuit
P1375 ICM 24X Reference Voltage Too High
P1376 Ignition Ground Circuit
P1377 ICM Cam Pulse To 4X Reference Pulse Comparison
P1380 ABS/EBCM/EB(T)CM DTC Detected/Rough Road Data
Unusable
P1381 Misfire Detected No EBCM/EB(T)CM/PCM Serial Data
P1401 Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) flow test fault
P1403 EGR Error
P1404 EGR Valve Closed Pintle Position
P1404 EGR Valve Stuck Open Or Circuit Performance
P1405 EGR Error
P1406 EGR Valve Pintle Position Circuit

OBD 2 85
DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1408 - P1527)

Code Definition
P1408 MAP Sensor Circuit
P1410 Fuel Tank Pressure System
P1415 AIR System Bank 1
P1416 AIR System Bank 2
P1431 Fuel Level Sensor 2 Circuit Performance
P1432 Fuel Level Sensor 2 Circuit Voltage Low
P1433 Fuel Level Sensor 2 Circuit Voltage High
P1441 EVAP System Flow During Non-Purge
P1442 EVAP Vacuum Switch Circuit
P1450 BARO Sensor Circuit
P1451 BARO Sensor Circuit
P1460 Cooling Fan Circuit (except Catera)
P1460 Misfire Detected With Low Fuel (Catera)
P1483 Engine Cooling System Performance
P1500 Starter Signal Circuit
P1501 Theft Deterrent System
P1502 Theft Deterrent System No Password Received
P1503 Theft Deterrent System Password Improper
P1508 Idle Air Control (IAC) System Low RPM
P1509 IAC System High RPM
P1510 Back-Up Power Supply
P1511 Throttle Control System- Backup System Performance
P1514 TAC System MAF Performance
P1515 Command vs Actual Throttle Position Performance (PCM)
P1516 Command vs Actual Throttle Position Performance (TAC
Module)
P1517 TAC Module Processor
P1518 PCM To TAC Module Serial Data Circuit
P1519 Throttle Actuator Control Module
P1520 Park/Neutral Position Switch Circuit, Gear Indicator System
P1523 Throttle Closed Position Performance
P1524 TPS Learned Closed Throttle Angle Degrees Out Of Range
P1526 TPS Learn Not Completed
P1527 Trans Range/Pressure Switch Comparison

86 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1530 - P1571)

Code Definition
P1530 Ignition Timing Adjustment Switch Circuit
P1530 A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Error
P1531 Low Air Conditioning Refrigerant Charge
P1532 A/C Evaporator Temperature Circuit Voltage Low
P1533 A/C Low Side Temperature Sensor Circuit
P1535 A/C/ High Side Temperature Sensor Circuit
P1536 A/C System ECT Overtemperature
P1537 A/C Request Circuit Voltage Low
P1538 A/C Request Circuit Voltage High
P1539 A/C High Pressure Switch Circuit Voltage High
P1540 A/C System High Pressure
P1542 A/C System High Pressure/High Temperature
P1543 A/C System Performance
P1545 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit
P1546 A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit Voltage Low (except
1996-98 Camaro/Firebird & 1997-98 Corvette)
P1546 A/C Clutch Status Circuit Voltage Low (1996-98 Camaro/
Firebird & 1997-98 Corvette)
P1550 Stepper Motor Speed Control
P1554 Speed Control Status Circuit
P1555 Electronic Variable Orifice Fault (Saturn)
P1558 Speed Control (SPS Low)
P1560 Speed Control System/Transaxle Not In Drive
P1561 Speed Control Vent Solenoid
P1562 Speed Control Vacuum Solenoid
P1564 Speed Control System/Vehicle Acceleration Too High
(except Catera)
P1564 ECM Battery Voltage Loss (Catera)
P1565 Speed Control Servo Position Sensor
P1566 Speed Control System/Engine RPM Too High
P1567 Speed Control Switches/ABCS Active
P1568 Speed Control (SPS High)
P1570 Speed Control System/Traction Control Active
P1571 TCS Desired Torque Circuit (except 4.0L, 4.6L &
1997-98 5.7L Corvette)

OBD 2 87
DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1571 - P1610)

Code Definition
P1571 Traction Control System PWM Circuit No Frequency (4.0L & 4.6L)
P1571 ASR Desired Torque (1997-98 5.7L Corvette)
P1572 Traction Control System Active Circuit Voltage Low Too Long
P1573 PCM/EBTCM Serial Data Circuit
P1573 Engine Hot Lamp Control Circuit
P1574 EBTCM System/Stop Lamp Circuit Voltage High (except
1997-98 Corvette)
P1574 Stop Lamp Control Circuit (1997-98 Corvette)
P1575 Extended Travel Brake Switch Circuit Voltage High
P1576 Brake Booster Vacuum Sensor Circuit Voltage High
P1577 Brake Booster Vacuum Sensor Circuit Voltage Low
P1578 Brake Booster Vacuum Sensor Circuit Low Vacuum
P1579 Park/Neutral To Drive/Reverse At High Throttle Angle
P1580 Cruise Control Module Move Circuit, Low Voltage
P1581 Cruise Control Module Move Circuit, High Voltage
P1582 Cruise Control Module Direction Circuit, Low Voltage
P1583 Cruise Control Module Direction Circuit, High Voltage
P1584 Cruise Control Disabled
P1585 Cruise Control Inhibit Output Circuit
P1586 Cruise Control Brake Switch 2 Circuit
P1599 Engine Stall Or Near Stall Detected
P1600 PCM Battery
P1600 Serial Communication Between PCM & TCM
P1601 Loss of Serial Communication (Except Catera)
P1601 ECM Overtemperature
P1602 Loss Of EBC/EBTCM Serial Data (Except Catera)
P1602 KS Module Circuit (Catera)
P1603 Loss Of SDM Serial Data
P1604 Loss of IPC Serial Data
P1605 Loss of HVAC Serial Data
P1607 Engine Oil Level Switch Circuit
P1610 Loss Of PZM Serial Data (1996-97 Except 1997 Cutlass
& Malibu)
P1610 Failure With Body Function Controller (1997 Cutlass & Malibu)

88 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1610 - P1642)

Code Definition
P1610 Standard Body Module Series Data CKT (1998)
P1611 Loss Of CVRTD Serial Data
P1617 Engine Oil Level Switch Circuit
P1619 Engine Oil Lite Monitor Reset Circuit
P1620 Low Engine Coolant Level (Saturn)
P1621 PCM Memory Performance (Except 1998 5.7L)
P1621 VCM EEPROM Performance (1998 5.7L)
P1623 PCM Prom Error/ Transaxle Temperature Pull-Up Resistor
Fault (Saturn Z body)
P1624 Customer Snapshot Data Available (Saturn)
P1625 TCM Flash Checksum Fault (Saturn)
P1626 Theft Deterrent System Fuel Enable Circuit
P1627 A/D Performance
P1628 PCM Engine Control Temp Pull-Up Resistor
P1629 Theft Deterrent System Fuel Enable Circuit Improper Signal
Detected During Engine Cranking (Except 1997-98 2.2L, 2.4L,
3.1L & 3.8L)
P1629 Theft Deterrent Crank Signal Malfunction (1997-98 2.2L,
2.4L, 3.1L & 3.8L)
P1630 Theft Deterrent System/PCM/VCM in Learn Mode
P1631 Theft Deterrent System Password Improper
P1632 Theft Deterrent System Fuel Disabled
P1633 Ignition Supplemental Power Circuit Voltage Low
P1634 Ignition 1 Power Circuit Voltage Low
P1635 5 Volt Reference (A Or 1) Circuit
P1637 Alternator L Terminal Circuit
P1638 Alternator F Terminal Circuit
P1639 5 Volt Reference (B Or 2) Circuit
P1640 Driver 1 Input Voltage High
P1641 MIL Control Circuit (Except 5.7L VINs P & 5 & 1998 3.1L & 3.8L)
P1641 Fan Control Relay 1 Control Circuit (5.7L VINs P & 5)
P1641 A/C Relay Control Circuit (1998 3.1L & 3.8L)
P1642 Vehicle Speed Output Circuit (Except 3.4L, 5.7L VINs P & 5 &
1998 3.8L)
P1642 Fan Control Relay 2 & 3 Control Circuit (5.7L VINs P & 5)

OBD 2 89
DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1642 - P1663)

Code Definition
P1642 AIR Control Circuit (3.4L)
P1642 Change Oil Lamp Control Circuit (1998 3.1L Lumina & Monte
Carlo)
P1643 Fuel Pump PWM Control Circuit (Except 5.7L VINs P & 5)
P1643 Engine RPM Output Circuit (5.7L VINs P & 5)
P1644 Delivered Torque Output Circuit
P1645 Boost Control Solenoid Circuit (Except 4.0L & 4.6L)
P1645 EVAP Solenoid Output Circuit (4.0L & 4.6L)
P1646 Boost Control Solenoid Control Circuit (Except 4.0L & 4.6L)
P1646 EVAP Vent Valve Output Circuit (4.0L & 4.6L)
P1650 Driver 2 Input Voltage High
P1651 Fan On Relay Control Circuit/Output Driver Module (Quad
Driver) 'B' Quickset Fault (Saturn)
P1651 Fan 1 Relay Control Circuit
P1652 Fan 2 Relay Control Circuit (Except Cadillac & Corvette)
P1652 VSS Output Circuit (1996 Corvette)
P1652 Powertrain Induced Chassis Pitch Output Circuit (1997- 98
Corvette)
P1652 Lift/Drive Output Circuit (Cadillac)
P1653 TCS Delivered Torque Control Circuit (Except Caprice,
Roadmaster & 1998 3.8L)
P1653 Oil Level Lamp Control Circuit (Caprice, Fleetwood &
Roadmaster)
P1653 Fuel Level Output Control Circuit (1998 3.8L)
P1654 A/C Relay Control Circuit (Except 4.0L & 4.6L)
P1654 Cruise Disable Output Circuit (4.0L & 4.6L)
P1655 EVAP Purge Solenoid Control Circuit
P1656 Wastegate Solenoid Control Circuit
P1657 Skip Shift 1-4 Upshift
P1660 Cooling Fan Control Circuits
P1661 MIL Control Circuit
P1662 Speed Control Inhibit Control Circuit
P1663 Alternator Lamp Control Circuit (Except Caprice, Fleetwood
& Roadmaster)
P1663 Change Oil Lamp Control Circuit (Caprice, Fleetwood &
Roadmaster)

90 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1664 - P1825)

Code Definition
P1664 Skip Shift 1-4 Upshift Lamp Control Circuit
P1665 DBCM/DBTCM Serial Data Circuit (1996-97)
P1665 EVAP Vent Valve Solenoid Control Circuit (1998)
P1667 Reverse Inhibitor Solenoid Control Circuit (1996-97)
P1667 Fuel Pump Speed Control Circuit (1998)
P1670 QDM 4 Circuit
P1671 MIL Control Circuit
P1671 Oil Change Lamp Control Circuit
P1672 Low Engine Oil Level Lamp Circuit
P1673 Engine Hot Lamp Control Circuit
P1674 Tachometer Control Circuit
P1675 EVAP Vent Solenoid Control Circuit
P1676 EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid Control CKT
P1689 TCS Delivered Torque Control Circuit
P1700 MIL Requested By TCM
P1701 MIL Request Circuit
P1740 Torque Management Request Circuits, Transmission &
Traction Control (Except Catera)
P1740 Torque Control/Management Request Circuits (Catera)
P1760 Transmission Control Module Supply Voltage Interrupted
P1780 Park Neutral Position Switch Circuit
P1781 Engine Torque Signal Circuit
P1792 ECM To Transmission Control Module Engine Coolant
Signal
P1800 ECM To Transmission Control Module Engine Coolant
Signal
P1810 ATF Pressure Manual Valve Position Switch Malfunction
P1811 Long Shift & Max Adapt
P1812 TOT Condition
P1814 Torque Converter Overstress
P1819 Internal Mode Switch - No Start
P1820 Internal Mode Switch Circuit 'A' Low
P1822 Internal Mode Switch Circuit 'B' Low
P1823 Internal Mode Switch Circuit 'P' Low
P1825 Internal Mode Switch - Invalid Range

OBD 2 91
DTC Definitions
GENERAL MOTORS (P1826 - P1895)

Code Definition
P1826 Internal Mode Switch - Invalid Range
P1835 Kickdown Switch Circuit
P1842 1-2 Shift Solenoid Circuit Low Input
P1843 1-2 Shift Solenoid Circuit High Input
P1845 2-3 Shift Solenoid Circuit Low Input
P1847 2-3 Shift Solenoid Circuit High Input
P1850 Brake Band Apply Solenoid
P1860 TCC PWM Solenoid Circuit
P1864 TCC Enable Solenoid Circuit
P1868 Transmission Fluid Life
P1870 Trans Component Slipping
P1875 4WD Low Switch Circuit Electrical
P1886 Transaxle Shift, Timing Solenoid Performance
P1887 TCC Release Switch Malfunction
P1890 Throttle Position Signal Input
P1895 Engine Torque Delivered Circuit

92 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
HONDA (P1106- P1382)

MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - HONDA

Code Definition
P1106 BARO Circuit Range/Performance
P1107 BARO Circuit Low Input
P1108 BARO Circuit High Input
P1121 Throttle Position Lower Than Expected
P1122 Throttle Position Higher Than Expected
P1128 MAP Lower Than Expected
P1129 MAP Higher Than Expected
P1149 Primary HO2S (Sensor 1) Circuit Range/Performance Problem
P1162 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Circuit Malfunction
P1163 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Circuit Slow Response
P1164 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Circuit Range/Performance
P1165 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Circuit Range/Performance
P1166 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Heater System Electrical
P1167 Primary HO2S (No. 1) Heater System
P1168 Primary HO2S (No. 1) LABEL Low Input
P1169 Primary HO2S (No. 1) LABEL High Input
P1253 VTEC System Malfunction
P1257 VTEC System Malfunction
P1258 VTEC System Malfunction
P1259 VTEC System Malfunction
P1297 Electrical Load Detector Circuit Low Input
P1298 Electrical Load Detector Circuit High Input
P1300 Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
P1336 CSF Sensor Intermittent Interruption
P1337 CSF Sensor No Signal
P1359 CKP/TDC Sensor Connector Disconnection
P1361 TDC Sensor Intermittent Interruption
P1362 TDC Sensor No Signal
P1366 TDC Sensor No. 2 Intermittent Interruption
P1367 TDC Sensor No. 2 Signal
P1381 Cylinder Position Sensor Intermittent Interruption
P1382 Cylinder Position Sensor No Signal

OBD 2 93
DTC Definitions
HONDA (P1456 - P1687)

Code Definition
P1456 EVAP Emission Control System Leak Detected (Fuel Tank
System)
P1457 EVAP Emission Control System Leak Detected (Control
Canister System)
P1459 EVAP Emission Purge Flow Switch Malfunction
P1491 EGR valve Lift Insufficient Detected
P1498 EGR Valve Lift Sensor High Voltage
P1508 IAC Valve Circuit Failure
P1509 IAC Valve Circuit Failure
P1519 Idle Air Control Valve Circuit Failure
P1607 EGM/PGM Internal Circuit Failure A
P1655 SEA/SEFA/TMA/TMB Signal Line Failure
P1660 A/T FI Signal A Circuit Failure
P1681 A/T FI Signal A Low Input
P1682 A/T FI Signal A High Input
P1686 A/T FI Signal B Low Input
P1687 A/T FI Signal B Low Input

94 OBD 2
 DTC Definitions
TOYOTA (P1100- P1346)

MANUFACTURER SPECIFIC CODES - TOYOTA

Code Definition
P1100 BARO Sensor Circuit malfunction
P1120 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P1121 Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Range/Performance Problem
P1125 Throttle Control Motor Circuit Malfunction
P1126 Magnetic Clutch Circuit Malfunction
P1127 ETCS Actuator Power Source Circuit Malfunction
P1128 Throttle Control Motor Lock Malfunction
P1129 Electric Throttle Control System Malfunction
P1130 Air-Fuel Sensor Circuit Range/Performance
P1133 Air-Fuel Sensor Circuit Response Malfunction
P1135 Air-Fuel Sensor Heater Circuit Response Malfunction
P1150 A/F Sensor Circuit Range/Performance Malfunction
P1153 A./F Sensor Circuit Response Malfunction
P1155 A/F Sensor Heater Circuit Malfunction
P1200 Fuel Pump Relay Circuit Malfunction
P1300 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 1
P1305 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 2 (1998-2000 Land Cruiser,
2000 Celica & Tundra)
P1310 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 2 (Except 1998-2000 Land
Cruiser, 2000 Celica & Tundra)
P1310 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 3 (1998-2000 Land Cruiser,
2000 Celica & Tundra)
P1315 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 4 (1998-2000 Land Cruiser,
2000 Celica & Tundra)
P1320 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 5 (1998-2000 Land Cruiser
& 2000 Tundra)
P1325 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 6 (1998-2000 Land Cruiser
& 2000 Tundra)
P1330 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 7 (1998-2000 Land
Cruiser & 2000 Tundra)
P1335 No CKP Sensor Signal Engine Running
P1340 Igniter Circuit Malfunction No. 8 (1998-2000 Land
Cruiser & 2000 Tundra)
P1346 VVT Sensor /Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Range/
Performance Problem (Bank 1)

OBD 2 95
DTC Definitions
TOYOTA (P1349 - P1780)

Code Definition
P1349 VVT System Malfunction
P1400 Sub-Throttle Position Sensor Malfunction
P1401 Sub-Throttle Position Sensor Range/Performance Problem
P1405 Turbo Pressure Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P1406 Turbo Pressure Sensor Range/Performance Problem
P1410 EGR Valve Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
P1411 EGR Valve Position Sensor Circuit Ranger/Performance
P1500 Starter Signal Circuit Malfunction
P1510 Boost Pressure Control Circuit Malfunction
P1511 Boost Pressure Low Malfunction
P1512 Boost Pressure High Malfunction
P1520 Stop Lamp Switch Signal Malfunction
P1565 Cruise Control Main Switch Circuit Malfunction
P1600 ECM BATT Malfunction
P1605 Knock Control CPU Malfunction
P1630 Traction Control System Malfunction
P1633 ECM Malfunction ECTS Circuit
P1645 Body ECU Malfunction
P1652 IACV Control Circuit Malfunction
P1656 OCV Circuit Malfunction
P1658 Waste Gate Valve Control Circuit Malfunction
P1661 EGR Circuit Malfunction
P1662 EGR By-Pass Valve Control Circuit Malfunction
P1690 OCV Circuit Malfunction
P1692 OCV Open Malfunction
P1693 OCV Closed Malfunction
P1780 PNP Switch Malfunction

96 OBD 2
 Glossary
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

INTRODUCTION
This Glossary contains definitions for abbreviations and terms you
may find in this manual or in your vehicle service manual.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

CARB California Air Resources Board
CCM Central Control Module
Computer Control System An electronic control system,
consisting of an on-board computer and related sensors, switches
and actuators, used to ensure peak performance and fuel
efficiency while reducing pollutants in the vehicles emissions.
DIY Do-It-Yourself
DLC Data Link Connector
Drive Cycle An extended set of driving procedures that takes
into consideration the various types of driving conditions
encountered in real life.
Driving Condition A specific environmental or operation
condition under which a vehicle is operated; such as starting the
vehicle when cold, driving at steady speed (cruising),
accelerating, etc.
DTC(s) Diagnostic Trouble Code(s)
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EVAP Evaporative Emissions System
Fault Code See DTCs
Freeze Frame A digital representation of engine and/or
emissions system conditions present when a fault code was
recorded.
FTP Fuel Tank Pressure
Generic Code A DTC that applies to all OBD 2 compliant
vehicles.
I/M Readiness An indication of whether or not a vehicles
emissions-related system are operating properly and are ready
for Inspection and Maintenance testing.
I/M Test / Emissions Test / Smog Check A functional test of a
vehicle to determine if tailpipe emissions are within
Federal/State/Local requirements.
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode

OBD 2 97
GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Manufacturer Specific Code A DTC that applies only to OBD

2 compliant vehicles made by a specific manufacturer.
MIL Malfunction Indicator Lamp (also referred to as Check
Engine light
OBD 1 On-Board Diagnostics Version 1 (also referred to as
OBD I)
OBD 2 On-Board Diagnostics Version 2 (also referred to as
OBD II)
On-Board Computer The central processing unit in the
vehicles computer control system.
PCM Powertrain Control Module
Pending Code A code recorded on the first trip for a two-trip
code. If the fault that caused the code to be set is not detected on
the second trip, the code is automatically erased.
Trip Drive Cycle Vehicle operation that provides the necessary
driving condition to enable a vehicle Monitor to run and complete
its diagnostic testing.
VECI Vehicle Emission Control Information Decal

98 OBD 2
 Warranty and Servicing

LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY

The Manufacturer warrants to the original purchaser that this unit is
free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and
maintenance for a period of one (1) year from the date of original
purchase.
If the unit fails within the one (1) year period, it will be repaired or
replaced, at the Manufacturers option, at no charge, when returned
prepaid to the Service Center with Proof of Purchase. The sales
receipt may be used for this purpose. Installation labor is not covered
under this warranty. All replacement parts, whether new or
remanufactured, assume as their warranty period only the remaining
time of this warranty.
This warranty does not apply to damage caused by improper use,
accident, abuse, improper voltage, service, fire, flood, lightning, or
other acts of God, or if the product was altered or repaired by anyone
other than the Manufacturers Service Center.
The Manufacturer, under no circumstances shall be liable for any
consequential damages for breach of any written warranty of this unit.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have
rights, which vary from state to state. This manual is copyrighted with
all rights reserved. No portion of this document may be copied or
reproduced by any means without the express written permission of
the Manufacturer. THIS WARRANTY IS NOT TRANSFERABLE. For
service, send via U.P.S. (if possible) prepaid to Manufacturer. Allow
3-4 weeks for service/repair.

SERVICE PROCEDURES
If you have any questions, require technical support or information on
UPDATES and OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES, please contact your
local store, distributor or the Service Center.
USA & Canada:
(800) 544-4124 (6:00 AM-6:00 PM, Monday-Friday PST)
All others: (714) 241-6802 (6:00 AM-6:00 PM, Monday-Friday PST)
FAX: (714) 432-7511 (24 hr.)
Web: www.CanOBD2.com

OBD 2 99
 www.CanOBD2.com

Innova Electronics Corp. PRODUCT DESIGN & COPYRIGHT

17291 Mt. Herrmann Street

Fountain Valley, CA 92708
2005

Instruction MRP #93-0068 Rev. A