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    Ch1.Background and Preview

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    Mona Sayed
    This document provides an overview of analog communications from the instructor Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih. It discusses the basic elements of a communication system including the transmitter, channel, and receiver. It also describes how modulation works to modify the message signal to be suitable for transmission over the channel, and how demodulation reconstructs the original message at the receiver. Additionally, it outlines some key channel characteristics and defines the decibel, a common unit used to measure signal power in communications systems.

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    Ch1.Background and Preview

    Uploaded by

    Mona Sayed
    28 views9 pages
    This document provides an overview of analog communications from the instructor Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih. It discusses the basic elements of a communication system including the transmitter, channel, and receiver. It also describes how modulation works to modify the message signal to be suitable for transmission over the channel, and how demodulation reconstructs the original message at the receiver. Additionally, it outlines some key channel characteristics and defines the decibel, a common unit used to measure signal power in communications systems.

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    Background and review

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    This document provides an overview of analog communications from the instructor Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih. It discusses the basic elements of a communication system including the transmitter, channel, and receiver. It also describes how modulation works to modify the message signal to be suitable for transmission over the channel, and how demodulation reconstructs the original message at the receiver. Additionally, it outlines some key channel characteristics and defines the decibel, a common unit used to measure signal power in communications systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views9 pages

    Ch1.Background and Preview

    Uploaded by

    Mona Sayed
    This document provides an overview of analog communications from the instructor Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih. It discusses the basic elements of a communication system including the transmitter, channel, and receiver. It also describes how modulation works to modify the message signal to be suitable for transmission over the channel, and how demodulation reconstructs the original message at the receiver. Additionally, it outlines some key channel characteristics and defines the decibel, a common unit used to measure signal power in communications systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    Philadelphia

    p University
    y
    Department of Communication & Electronics
    Engineering

    Analog Communications
    Ch1: Background and Preview

    Instructor
    Ibrahim N. Abu-
    Abu-Isbeih

    Email: [email protected]
    Website: www.abusbeih.com/ecourse
    The Communication Process
    In the most fundamental sense, communication involves the
    transmission of information from one point to another through
    a succession
    i off processes.
    There are three basic elements to every communication
    system: (Transmitter,
    (Transmitter Channel,
    Channel and Receiver)

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [2]


    Communication System
    The transmitter is located at one point in space and its purpose
    is to transform the message signal produced by the source of
    i f
    information
    i into
    i a form
    f suitable
    i bl for
    f transmission
    i i over the h
    channel.
    The receiver has the task of operating on the received signal so
    as to reconstruct a recognizable form of the original message
    signal and to deliver it to the user destination.
    The channel is the physical medium that connects the
    transmitter and the receiver. The transmission medium may be
    a cable,, an optical
    p fiber,, or free space
    p if usingg radio or infrared
    communication.
    - The source of information: voice, music, pictures, videos, or
    d files.
    data fil

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [3]


    Communication Channels
    The communication channel is the physical medium that do
    the transmission from transmitter to receiver.
    The channels can be classified in different ways:
    A channel may be linear or nonlinear.
    E
    Examples:
    l Telephone
    T l h channel
    h l is
    i linear
    li
    Satellite channel is nonlinear
    A channel may be time
    time-invariant
    invariant or time
    time-varying
    varying.
    Examples: Optical fiber is time-invariant
    Mobile radio channel is time-varying
    A channel may be bandwidth limited or power limited.
    Examples: Telephone channel is bandwidth limited
    O i l fiber
    Optical fib andd satellite
    lli channel
    h l are power limited
    li i d

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [4]


    Example: Communication System

    Transmitter (Tx)

    Source Source Channel


    Modulation D/A
    input Coder Coder

    Channel Distortion and noise +

    Reconstructed
    R t t d
    Signal Source Channel
    demodulation A/D
    output decoder decoder

    R i
    Receiver (Rx)
    (R )

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [5]


    The Modulation Process
    The purpose of a communication system is to deliver a
    message signal from an information source to a user
    d i i
    destination.
    To do this, the transmitter modifies the message signal into a
    form suitable for transmission over the channel.
    channel
    This modification is achieved by means of a process known as
    modulation, which involves varying some parameters of a
    carrier wave in accordance with the message signal.
    The receiver recreates the original message from the
    transmitted signal after propagation through the channel using
    a process known as demodulation.

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [6]


    Modulation

    Baseband Passband
    m(t) s(t) (modulated)
    message Modulator
    signal signal

    c(t)
    Carrier

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [7]


    Primary Communication Resources
    In a communication system, there are two primary resources to
    be employed:

    1. Transmitted Power: The transmitted power refers to the


    average power of the transmitted signal.
    signal

    2. Channel Bandwidth: The channel bandwidth is defined as the


    band of frequencies allocated for the transmission of the
    message signal.

    A general system design objective is to use these two


    resources as efficientlyy as ppossible.

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [8]


    The Decibel (dB)
    Measure of power transfer:

    1 dB = 10 log10 (Pout / Pin)

    1 dBm = 10 log10 (P / 10-3) where P is in Watts

    1 dBmV = 20 log10 (V / 10-3) where V is in Volts

    Course: Analog Communications - Ch.1 - Instructor: Ibrahim Abu-Isbeih [9]

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