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    Kenyon College Dana Paquin Paquind@kenyon - Edu

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    This document contains solutions to practice exam problems for a linear algebra course. It begins by finding bases for the row space, column space, and nullspace of a given matrix. It then addresses questions about the nullspace of another matrix, defining a linear transformation and finding its matrix representation, determining if a set is a subspace, proving the Triangle Inequality using Cauchy-Schwarz, and answering whether several statements about linear algebra concepts are true or false.

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    Kenyon College Dana Paquin Paquind@kenyon - Edu

    Uploaded by

    Sceptic Granny
    81 views3 pages
    This document contains solutions to practice exam problems for a linear algebra course. It begins by finding bases for the row space, column space, and nullspace of a given matrix. It then addresses questions about the nullspace of another matrix, defining a linear transformation and finding its matrix representation, determining if a set is a subspace, proving the Triangle Inequality using Cauchy-Schwarz, and answering whether several statements about linear algebra concepts are true or false.

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    PracticeExam1Solns.pdf

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    This document contains solutions to practice exam problems for a linear algebra course. It begins by finding bases for the row space, column space, and nullspace of a given matrix. It then addresses questions about the nullspace of another matrix, defining a linear transformation and finding its matrix representation, determining if a set is a subspace, proving the Triangle Inequality using Cauchy-Schwarz, and answering whether several statements about linear algebra concepts are true or false.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    81 views3 pages

    Kenyon College Dana Paquin Paquind@kenyon - Edu

    Uploaded by

    Sceptic Granny
    This document contains solutions to practice exam problems for a linear algebra course. It begins by finding bases for the row space, column space, and nullspace of a given matrix. It then addresses questions about the nullspace of another matrix, defining a linear transformation and finding its matrix representation, determining if a set is a subspace, proving the Triangle Inequality using Cauchy-Schwarz, and answering whether several statements about linear algebra concepts are true or false.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Kenyon College Dana Paquin paquind@kenyon.

    edu

    Math 224
    Practice Exam 1
    Solutions

    1. Find a basis for the row space, column space, and null space of the matrix given
    below:

    3 4 0 7
    1 5 2 2
    A= 1 4 0 3

    1 1 2 2

    1 0 0 1
    Solution. rref (A) = 0 1 0 1 . Thus a basis for the row space of A is
    0 0 1 1
    {[1, 0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 1]}. Since the first, second, and third columns
    of
    3 4 0
    1 5 2
    rref (A) contain a pivot, a basis for the column space of A is { 1 , 4 ,
    }.
    0
    1 1 2
    If we solve
    Ax
    = 0,
    we find
    that x
    4 is a free variable, so we set x 4 = r. We
    x1 1 1
    x2 1 1
    obtain x3 = r 1 , so { 1 } is a basis for the nullspace of A.

    x4 1 1
    2. What is the maximum number of linearly independent vectors that can be found
    in the nullspace of
    1 2 0 3 1
    2 4 1 5 4
    A= 3 6 1 8 5

    4 8 1 12 8

    Solution. rref (A) has three columns with pivots and two columns without
    pivots. Thus the dimension of the nullspace of A is 2, so at most 2 linearly
    independent vectors can be found in the nullspace of A.
    3. Let T : R3 R3 be the linear transformation defined by
    T ([x1 , x2 , x3 ]) = [2x1 + 3x2 , x3 , 4x1 2x2 ].
    Find the standard matrix representation of T . Is T invertible? If so, find a
    formula for T 1 .

    Mathematics Department 1 Math 224: Linear Algebra


    Kenyon College Dana Paquin [email protected]


    2 3 0
    Solution. The standard matrix representation of T is A = 0 0 1 .
    4 2 0

    1/8 0 3/16
    A1 = 1/4 0 1/8 . Since A is invertible, T is invertible. T 1 ([x1 , x2 , x3 ]) =
    0 1 0
    1 3 1 1
    [ 8 x1 + 16 x3 , 4 x1 8 x3 , x2 ].
    4. Is the set S = {[x, y] such that y = x2 } a subspace of R2 ?
    Solution. No. [1, 1] and [2, 4] are both in S, but [1, 1] + [2, 4] = [3, 5] is not in
    S, so S is not closed under addition.
    5. Use the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality
    |v w| ||v|| ||w||
    to prove the Triangle Inequality
    ||v + w|| ||v|| + ||w||.
    (Hint: Begin by computing ||v + w||2 with dot products, and then plug in the
    Cauchy-Schwarz inequality when the opportunity arises.)
    Solution.
    ||v + w||2 = (v + w) (v + w)
    =vv+vw+wv+ww
    = ||v||2 + 2(v w) + ||w||2
    ||v||2 + 2||v||||w|| + ||w||2 by the C.S. Inequality
    = (||v|| + ||w||)2

    Taking the square root of both sides, we conclude that


    ||v + w|| ||v|| + ||w||

    6. Determine whether each of the following statements is True or False. No expla-


    nation is necessary.
    (a) If V is a subspace of R5 and V 6= R5 , then any set of 5 vectors in V is
    linearly dependent.
    Solution. True. If V 6= R5 , then the dimension of V is at most 4, so at
    most 4 vectors in V can be linearly independent.
    (b) If A is a 4 7 matrix and if the dimension of the nullspace of A is 3, then
    for any b in R4 , the linear system Ax = b has at least one solution.

    Mathematics Department 2 Math 224: Linear Algebra


    Kenyon College Dana Paquin [email protected]

    Solution. True. Since A has 7 columns and the nullity of A is 3, the rank
    equation implies that the rank of A is 4. Thus the dimension of the column
    space of A is 4, so that the column space of A is a 4-dimensional subspace
    of R4 , i.e. it is all of R4 . Thus any vector b in R4 can be written as a
    linear combination of the columns of A.
    (c) Any 4 linearly independent vectors in R4 are a basis for R4 .
    Solution. True. The dimension of the span of any set of 4 linearly inde-
    pendent vectors is 4, so 4 linearly independent vectors in R4 are a basis for
    R4 .
    (d) If A is an m n matrix, then the set of solutions of a linear system Ax = b
    must be a linear subspace of Rn .
    Solution. False. It will only be a subspace if b = 0.

    Mathematics Department 3 Math 224: Linear Algebra

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