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    Coriolli's Component of Acceleration Apparatus

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    tinkusk24
    The document describes Coriolis acceleration and presents an apparatus to experimentally determine it. [1] The apparatus uses a hydraulic analogy where water flows through rotating pipes connected to a central distributor rotated by a motor. [2] Measurements of flow rate, torque required to rotate the pipes, and pipe speed are taken at different settings and used to calculate the theoretical and experimental Coriolis accelerations. [3] The values are then compared to validate the experimental method.

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    Coriolli's Component of Acceleration Apparatus

    Uploaded by

    tinkusk24
    472 views7 pages
    The document describes Coriolis acceleration and presents an apparatus to experimentally determine it. [1] The apparatus uses a hydraulic analogy where water flows through rotating pipes connected to a central distributor rotated by a motor. [2] Measurements of flow rate, torque required to rotate the pipes, and pipe speed are taken at different settings and used to calculate the theoretical and experimental Coriolis accelerations. [3] The values are then compared to validate the experimental method.

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    Manual

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    Coriolli’s Component of Acceleration Apparatus

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    The document describes Coriolis acceleration and presents an apparatus to experimentally determine it. [1] The apparatus uses a hydraulic analogy where water flows through rotating pipes connected to a central distributor rotated by a motor. [2] Measurements of flow rate, torque required to rotate the pipes, and pipe speed are taken at different settings and used to calculate the theoretical and experimental Coriolis accelerations. [3] The values are then compared to validate the experimental method.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    472 views7 pages

    Coriolli's Component of Acceleration Apparatus

    Uploaded by

    tinkusk24
    The document describes Coriolis acceleration and presents an apparatus to experimentally determine it. [1] The apparatus uses a hydraulic analogy where water flows through rotating pipes connected to a central distributor rotated by a motor. [2] Measurements of flow rate, torque required to rotate the pipes, and pipe speed are taken at different settings and used to calculate the theoretical and experimental Coriolis accelerations. [3] The values are then compared to validate the experimental method.

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    CORIOLLIS COMPONENT OF ACCELERATION APPARATUS

    If a point is moving along a line, with the line having rotational motion, the absolute
    acceleration of the point, is vector sum of
    i) Absolute acceleration of coincident point over the link relative to fixed center.
    ii) Acceleration of point under consideration relative to coincident point and
    iii) The third component, called coriollis component of acceleration

    THEORY-
    Consider the motion of slider B on the crank OA. Let OA rotate with constant
    angular velocity of rad /sec, and slider B have a radial outwards velocity V m/sec relative
    to crank center O

    REF.FIG. A
    In the velocity diagram, Oa represents tangential velocity of slider at crank position
    OA, and ab represents radial velocity of slider, at same crank position Oa is the tangential
    velocity of slider at crank position OA and ab represents radial velocity of slider at same
    crank position.
    Hence, bb represents the resultant charge of velocity of slider. This velocity has two
    component b T and bT in tangential and radial directions respectively.

    Now, Tangential component, bT


    = bs + sT
    = V sin d + (r + dr)-r
    = V d + dr --------------------------------- (i)

    Therefore Rate of change of tangential velocity


    d dr
    = V -------- + --------
    dt dt
    =V + V
    = 2 V ----------------------------- (ii)
    Equation (ii) represents coriollis component of acceleration. This acceleration is made up of
    two components, one due to increase in radius and other from change in the direction of
    crank.
    Hydraulic Analogy

    REF.FIG. B

    Consider a short column of fluid of length dr at radius r from axis of rotation of the
    tube. Then, if velocity of fluid relative tube is V and angular velocity of tube is then
    coriollis component of acceleration is 2 V in a direction perpendicular to rotation of tube.
    The torque dT applied by the tube to produce this acceleration is then
    dW
    dT = ------- 2V r
    g

    Where, dW is weight of short column of fluid.

    If W be the specific weight of fluid and a is cross sectional area of tube,

    Then,

    dW = W a dr

    W a dr
    dT = --------- 2 V r
    g

    and total torque applied to column of length l,


    1 W
    T= / 2 ------- V .a.r.dr
    0 g
    W
    T = -------- w V. a.I2
    g

    Hence, coriiiollis component of acceleration,

    2 gT
    CA = --------- ------------------------------ (iii)
    W a I2

    THE APPARATUS
    The apparatus uses hydraulic analogy to determine coriollis component of
    acceleration. The apparatus consists of two brass tubes connected to a cental rotar distributor.
    The distributor is rotated by a variable speed d.c motor. Water is supplied to a distributor by
    a pump through ratameter.When tubes are rotating with water flowing through tubes, with
    various measurements provided, coriollis component can be determined experimentally and
    theoretically.
    SPECIFICATIONS
    1) Pipes 8 mm I.D 312mm. Effective length 2 Nos.
    2) Drive motor 0.5 HP. 1500 rpm d.c. motor, swinging field type with speed control.
    3) Torque arm Radius 0.112 m with 5 kg. capacity spring balance.
    4) Pump 0.5 H.P capacity 25 x 25mm connection single ph.
    5) Rotameter
    6) Housing for rotating pipes, which also acts as water reservoir, with top
    Perspex sheet.

    EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
    Fill up sufficient water in the tank. Rotate the coupling to ensure free rotation. Check
    the nut bolts for tightening. Start the motor and set the speed as required, e.g. say 200 rpm.
    Measure the torque required for free rotation of tubes at that speed. (for measuring the
    torque, pointer over the torque arm must coincide with the stationary pointer, before taking
    spring balance reading.)
    Now start the pump and adjust the flow rate with the help of bypass valve, so that
    water does not overflow through central glass tube and also pipes run full of water. Now
    adjest the speed to previous value and measure the torque. Note down water flow rate.
    Repeat the procedure at different speeds.

    OBSERVATIONS
    Sr. No Speed N Spring balance Water flow
    (Kg)
    (rpm) Initial Final (LPH)

    CALCULATIONS
    1) Bore Dia. Of tubes = 8 mm
    flow area of tubes = 0.05 x 10-3 m2
    Total flow area = 0.0001 m2

    2) Flow rate = Q = LPH / 3.6 x106 m3 / Sec.


    Velocity of water through the tubes,

    Q
    V = --------- m/s
    a

    3) Length of torque arm = m

    T = (spring bal. Difference) x Kg m


    4) Now theoretically,

    CA = 2V
    = 2V 2 N /60
    Practically,

    2gT
    CA = --------- m/sec2
    W. a. I2

    Where, W = Specific weight of water

    = 1000 Kg / m3
    I = Effective length of tube
    = m
    a = Flow area of tube
    = 0.0001 m2
    and T = Torque in Kg-m

    PRECAUTIONS

    1) While filling the water, see that there is sufficient gap between tubes and water
    surface.
    2) Remove the glass tube with its water supply nozzle after the experiment is over.
    Store glass tube safety.
    3) Drain the water after the experiment is over.
    4) Operate all the switches and controls gently.
    -: SAMPLE CALCULATION (Only for guidance):-

    (CORIOLLIS COMPONENT OF ACCELERATION)

    OBSERVATIONS :-
    Sr. No Speed Spring balance Water flow
    (N) Reading (LPH)
    (Kg)
    (RPM) Initial Final
    1 100 0.225 0.525 600
    2 150 0.250 0.750 675
    3 200 0.275 1.000 725
    4 250 0.350 1.500 950
    5 300 0.375 1.875 975

    CALCULATIONS - for reading No - 3

    1) Bore dia. Of tubes = 8mm


    Flow area of tube = 0.05 x 10-3 m2
    Total flow area = 0.0001 m2

    LPH
    2) Flow rate, Q = --------------
    3.6 x 106

    725
    Q = --------------
    3.6 x 106

    Q = 2.01 x 10-4 m3 /Sec

    Velocity of water through the tubes,

    Q
    V = --------- m / s
    a

    2.01 x 10-4
    V = ---------------
    1 x 10-4

    V = 2.01 m/s

    3) Length of torque arm = 0.06 m


    T = (Spring bal. Difference) x 0.06
    T = (1.00 0.275) x 0.06
    T = 0.0435 Kg m.

    4) Now theoretically,

    CA = 2V
    2xxN
    = 2 x V x ---------------
    60
    2 x x 200
    = 2 x 2.01 x ---------------
    60
    = 84.19 m / Sec2 ------------------------------ (1)

    Practically,

    2gT
    CA = --------- m / sec2
    W. a. I2
    2 x 9.81 x0.0435
    = ----------------------------
    1000 x 1 x10-4 x (0.329) 2

    = 78.85 m / sec2 ---------------------------- (2)

    Compare the values of equation (1) & (2)

    RESULT TABLE : -

    SR NO Discharge - Velocity Torque CA act


    LPH Q = (S.B Diff. CA theo. 2gT
    Q = --------- V = --------- X 0.06) = 2V = ---------
    3.6 x 106 A ( kg m) (m / sec2) W. a. I2
    3
    (m /Sec) (m / sec) (m / sec2)
    1 1.670 x 10-4 1.67 0.018 34.98 32.63
    -4
    2 1.875 x 10 1.875 0.030 58.90 54.38
    -4
    3 2.010 x 10 2.01 0.0435 84.19 78.85
    4 2.640 x 10-4 2.64 0.069 138.23 125.07
    -4
    5 2.710 x 10 2.71 0.090 170.27 163.14

    NOTE: This calculation is only for reference purpose.

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