Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 87 views

    Tratamento Ttérmico para 1020 1045 1060

    Uploaded by

    Gabriel Carvalho
    This document discusses heat treatment processes for different steel alloys. It describes how steels with varying carbon contents of 0.18%, 0.45%, and 0.95% were austenitized at 870°C then subjected to different heat treatments including annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering. The formation of microstructures like pearlite and bainite during cooling is explained. Fast cooling leads to non-equilibrium microstructures like martensite while tempering improves ductility by allowing carbides to precipitate from martensite. Time-temperature-transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams are presented to illustrate the effects of cooling rate on phase transformations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Tratamento Ttérmico para 1020 1045 1060

    Uploaded by

    Gabriel Carvalho
    87 views24 pages
    This document discusses heat treatment processes for different steel alloys. It describes how steels with varying carbon contents of 0.18%, 0.45%, and 0.95% were austenitized at 870°C then subjected to different heat treatments including annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering. The formation of microstructures like pearlite and bainite during cooling is explained. Fast cooling leads to non-equilibrium microstructures like martensite while tempering improves ductility by allowing carbides to precipitate from martensite. Time-temperature-transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams are presented to illustrate the effects of cooling rate on phase transformations.

    Original Description:

    mento Ttérmico Para 1020 1045 1060

    Original Title

    Tratamento Ttérmico Para 1020 1045 1060

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses heat treatment processes for different steel alloys. It describes how steels with varying carbon contents of 0.18%, 0.45%, and 0.95% were austenitized at 870°C then subjected to different heat treatments including annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering. The formation of microstructures like pearlite and bainite during cooling is explained. Fast cooling leads to non-equilibrium microstructures like martensite while tempering improves ductility by allowing carbides to precipitate from martensite. Time-temperature-transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams are presented to illustrate the effects of cooling rate on phase transformations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    87 views24 pages

    Tratamento Ttérmico para 1020 1045 1060

    Uploaded by

    Gabriel Carvalho
    This document discusses heat treatment processes for different steel alloys. It describes how steels with varying carbon contents of 0.18%, 0.45%, and 0.95% were austenitized at 870°C then subjected to different heat treatments including annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering. The formation of microstructures like pearlite and bainite during cooling is explained. Fast cooling leads to non-equilibrium microstructures like martensite while tempering improves ductility by allowing carbides to precipitate from martensite. Time-temperature-transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams are presented to illustrate the effects of cooling rate on phase transformations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    Heat Treatment of Steels

    MSE 201Lab IV

    1
    Samples
    AISI-SAE 1018 0.18 % C
    AISI-SAE 1045 0.45 % C
    AISI-SAE 1095 0.95 % C

    Austenitized at 870C for 2 hours

    2
    Heat Treatments
    A Furnace Annealed Slow cooled
    N - Normalized - Air cooled.
    O - Oil Quenched
    WQ Water quenched.
    WT(370) Water quenched, tempered at 370C
    for 1 hour.
    WT(705) Water quenched, tempered at 705C
    for 1 hour.

    3
    Proceed to Furnace Room to:
    Quench the samples (except the
    normalized ones)
    Place the tempering samples into Furnaces
    Jominy Test demonstration

    4
    Pearlite Formation

    Austenite precipitates
    Fe3C at Eutectoid
    Transformation
    Temperature (727C).
    When slow cooled, this
    is Pearlite (looks like
    Mother of Pearl)

    5
    Diffusion of Carbon in Pearlite

    6
    Morphology of Pearlite
    (a) (b)

    7 (a) coarse pearlite (b) fine pearlite


    3000X
    What About Cooling Rates?
    Faster cooling gives non-equilibrium
    microconstituents
    Bainite
    Martensite
    And more!
    To know what microconstituents are
    present, you must look at cooling curve
    diagrams

    8
    Microconstituents vs. Cooling Rate

    Spheroidite: Spherical globs of Fe3C in Ferrite


    In creasing Cooling Rate

    Pearlite: Layers of ferrite and Fe3C


    Course Pearlite
    Fine Pearlite

    Bainite: 200 500 C Transformation

    Martensite: Rapid Cooling

    9
    Bainite
    Upper (550-350C)
    Rods of Fe3C

    Lower (350-250C)
    Fe3C Precipitates in
    Plates of Ferrite
    It is still Ferrite and
    Cementite! Its just
    acicular.

    10
    Martensite

    Diffusionless
    transformation
    of FCC to BCT (more
    volume!)
    Lenticular structure
    Very hard & very
    brittle.

    11
    TTT Diagrams

    12
    Full TTT Diagram

    The complete TTT


    diagram for an
    iron-carbon alloy of
    eutectoid
    composition.
    A: austenite
    B: bainite
    M: martensite
    P: pearlite

    13
    So Whats a CCT Diagram?
    Phase Transformations and Production of
    Microconstituents takes TIME.
    Higher Temperature = Less Time.
    If you dont hold at one temperature and allow
    time to change, you are Continuously Cooling.
    Therefore, a CCT diagrams transition lines will
    be different than a TTT diagram.

    14
    Slow Cooling

    Time in region
    indicates amount of
    microconstituent!

    15
    Medium Cooling

    Cooling Rate, R, is
    Change in Temp /
    Time C/s

    16
    Fast Cooling

    This steel is very


    hardenable 100%
    Martensite in ~ 1
    minute of cooling!

    17
    What is Tempering?
    Martensite needs to be tempered to get better
    ductility. This happens when Fe3C is allowed to
    precipitate from the supercooled Martensite.

    18
    Spheroidite
    If tempered for a long
    time, Fe3C forms
    spheres and grows
    inside Ferrite.
    Very soft, easy to
    machine

    19
    Tempering Demonstration
    Observe Steel Wire Experiment
    What causes wire to sag on heating?

    When cooling, wire gets tight, then sags


    again. Why?
    Why does steel snap like chalk when cooled
    fast, but tempering restores strength?

    20
    Quenching and tempering process

    21
    So What is Hardenability?
    Jominy Bar used to
    show how cooling rate
    affects hardness
    Alloyed steels (Cr, Mo,
    Ni, etc.) have higher
    hardenbility at same
    cooling rates than
    carbon steels

    22
    Jominy Test
    Generally, the faster steel cools, the harder it will
    be. The Jominy bar measures the hardenbility of
    a steel

    Softest

    Hardest

    23
    Typical Jomminy Curves
    4340: Very hardenable, More expensive
    1040: Less hardenable, Less expensive

    24

    You might also like