Example 2.2 Design loads on a floor beam ‘A composite floor consisting of a 150 mm thick reinforced conerete slab supported on steel beams spanning 5 m and spaced at 3 m centres is to be designed to carry an imposed load of 2.5 kN m~ Assuming that the unit mass of the steel beams is 60 kg m run, calculate the design loads on a typical internal beam. WY om \N 3 m— pe — 3 m— ae — 3 mt UNIT WEIGHTS OF MATERIALS Reinforced concrete From Table 2.1, unit mass of reinforced conerete is 2400 kg m”. Assuming the gravitational constant is 10 m s*, the unit weight of reinforced conerete is 2400 x 10 = 24.000 N m= 24 KN m? Steel beams Unit mass of beam = 50 kgm" run Unit weight of beam = 50 x 10 = 500 N mr run = 0.5 kN m” run LOADING Slab ‘Slab dead load (,) ‘Slab imposed load (4, ‘Slab ultimate load 01S x 24 = 3.6 KN mr? AX 3G + 16X35 Beam Beam dead load (g.) = self-weight = 0.5 kN mr run Beam ultimate load = 1.49, 1.405 = 07 KN mun DESIGN LOAD Each internal beam supports a uniformly distributed load from 2 3 m width of slab (hatched (NN) plus self-weight. Hence Design load on beam = siab load + self-weight of beam 1064 X SX 3FOTXS = 1596 +35 = 163.1 kN 14Example 2.3 Design loads on floor beams and columns ‘The floor shown below with an overall depth of 225 mm is to be designed to carry an imposed load of 3 KN m’? plus ‘floor finishes and ceiling loads of 1 kN m=, Calculate the design loads acting on beams B1~C1, B2-C2 and B1-B3 and columns B1 and C1. Assume that all the column heights are 3 m and that the beam and column weights are 70 and 160 kg m* run respectively, ® @ UNIT WEIGHTS OF MATERIALS Reinforced concrete From Table 2.1, unit mass of reinforced concrete is 2400 kg m™~. Assuming the gravitational constant is 10 m s~, Unit weight of reinforced concrete is, 2400 x 10 = 24.000 N m= 24 kN mv? the Steel beams Unit mass of beam Unit weight of beam 0 kg mt un 10 10 = 700 Nm un = 0.7 KN mr run Steel columns Unit mass of column Unit weight of column = LOADING Slab ‘Slab dead load (g,) = self-weight + finishes 225 x 24+ 1= 64 kN m? Slab imposed load (q,) = 3 KN m= Slab ultimate load 4g, + 1.69, 4% 64+ 16X39 = 13.76 Nm? Beam Beam dead load (g,) = self-weight = 0.7 KN mr run Beam ultimate load = 1.49, 40.7 = 0.98 KN mun Column Column dead load (g,) Column ultimate load 6 kN mun gy = 1406 = 0.84 KN mm run 15,Example 2.3 continued DESIGN LOADS Beam B1-C1 ‘Assuming that the slab is simply supported, beam B1-C1 supports 2 uniformly distributed load from a 1.5 m width of slab (hatched //////) plus self-weight of beam. Hence Design load on beam B1-C1 = slab load + self-weight of beam 13.76 x 6X 15 4.0.98 x 6 = 123.84 + &.88 = 129.72 kN = tea72 0 —— a Pes Pes 129.72/2 = 64.86 kN Beam B2-C2 ‘Assuming that the slab is simply supported, beam B2-C2 supports a uniformly distributed load from a 3 m width of slab (hatched \\\\) plus its self-weight. Hence Design load on beam B2-C2 = slab load + self-weight of beam 3.76 x 6X 34098%6 47.68 + 5.88 = 253.56 KN Pea Pes Since the beam is symmetrically loaded, Re, and Re, are the same and equal to 263.56/2 = 126.78 kN. Beam B1-B3 Assuming that the slab is simply supported, beam B1—B3 supports a uniformly distributed load from a 1.5 m width of slab (shown cross-hatched) plus the se-weight of the beam and the reaction transmitted from beam B2-C2 which acts a5 @ point load at mid-span. Hence Design load on beam B1-83 = uniformly distributed load from slab plus self-weight of beam + point load from reaction Ras (13.76 x 1.5 x 6 + 0.98 x 6) + 126.78 = 129.72 + 126.78 = 256.5 kN 126.78 KN 120.72 kN 3m—>4— 3 m Re Pos 16Example 2.3 continued Since the beam is symmetrically loaded, by = 2565/2 = 128.25 KN Column B1 Beam B1-B3 Beam A1-B1 Boam B1-C1 BI Column B1 supports the reactions from beams A1~B1, B1-C1 and B1-B3 and its self-weight. From the above, the reaction at 81 due to beam 81-C1 is 64.86 kN and from beam B1-B2 is 128.25 KN. Beam Al-81 supports only its self-weight = 0.98 x 3 = 2.94 KN, Hence reaction at B1 due to A1-B1 is 2.94/2 = 1.47 kN.Since the column height is, 4 m,self-weight of column = 0.84 x 3 = 252 kN. Hence 64.86 + 128.25 + 1.47 + 2.52 = 197.1 kN Design load on column 81 Column C1 Beam C1-C3 Beam B1-C1 ct Column C1 supports the reactions from beams B1~C1 and C1-C3 and its self-weight. From the above, the reaction at 1 due to beam B1-C1 is 64.86 kN. Beam C1~C3 supports the reactions from B2-C2 (= 126.78 KN) and its self= weight (= 0.98 x 6) = 5.88 kN. Hence the reaction at C1 is (12678 + 5.88)/2 = 66.23 KN. Since the column height is 3 m, seif-weight = 0.84 x 3 = 2.52 KN, Hence Design load on column C: 33.71 KN 64.86 + 66.33 + 2.52