Presentation On OSI Model & TCP/ IP Model
Presentation On OSI Model & TCP/ IP Model
Presented By:
Aditya Vikram Singh
Gaurav Mehta
Laxmi Priya Budek
Shruti Kashyap
Sumit Gill
Sunit Kumar
Contents:
Introduction
Communication Architecture
Layer Architecture
OSI Model
Layers Of OSI Model
TCP/IP Model
Layers Of TCP/IP
Critique Of OSI & TCP/IP model
Comparison Of OSI & TCP/IP model
Communication Architecture
Strategy for connecting host computers and other
communicating equipment.
Defines necessary elements for data communication
between devices.
A communication architecture, therefore, defines a
standard for the communicating hosts.
A programmer formats data in a manner defined by the
communication architecture and passes it on to the
communication software.
Separating communication functions adds flexibility,
for example, we do not need to modify the entire host
software to include more communication devices.
Layer Architecture
Example
A file (might be an mp3 sound file) is divided into packets.
It does not matter what the transmission is. It could be Word
PACKET PACKET PACKET PACKET
document, a PowerPoint or an MP3
Packets and OSI
After transmission is divided into packets
extra information required to make sure it all
goes back together correctly. The OSI model
helps to look after this.
The OSI model also provides much more
information which is included with each
package.
OSI Model:
OSI in Action
A message begins at the top
application layer and moves down
the OSI layers to the bottom
physical layer.
As the message descends, each
successive OSI model layer adds
a header to it.
A header is layer-specific
information that basically
explains what functions the layer
carried out.
Conversely, at the receiving end,
headers are striped from the
message as it travels up the
corresponding layers.
OSI Layers:
The Physical Layer
Responsibility:
transmission of raw bits over a
communication channel.
Issues:
mechanical and electrical interfaces
time per bit
distances
OSI Layers:
REPEATER
Bridge
Copies frames from one network to another
Can operate selectively - does not copy all
frames (must look at data-link headers).
Extends the network beyond physical length
limitations.
BRIDGE
Router
Copies packets from one network to another.
Makes decisions about what route a packet
should take (looks at network headers).
ROUTER
ROUTER
Gateway
Operates as a router
Data conversions above the network layer.
Conversions:
encapsulation - use an intermediate network
translation - connect different application
protocols
encrpyption - could be done by a gateway
Examples of protocols
More on Protocols
Layer 7 application E-mail, Web browser, Directory
Layer 6 POP, SMTP, FTP, HTTP, DNS
presentation Sockets
Layer 5 session TCP
Layer 4 transport IP
Layer 3 network PPP, Ethernet, Token ring
Layer 2 data link 100baseT
Layer 1 physical
TCP/IP MODEL
OSI & TCP/IP Models
TCP/IP Model
Application Layer
Application programs using the network
Transport Layer (TCP/UDP)
Management of end-to-end message transmission,
error detection and error correction
Network Layer (IP)
Handling of datagrams : routing and congestion
Data Link Layer
Management of cost effective and reliable data delivery,
access to physical networks
Physical Layer
Physical Media
Critique Of OSI & TCP/IP
Model:
OSI Model: TCP/IP Model:
END
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