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Xample Olid Fluid Heat Transfer Problem: January 2017 6.1 Release 18.0

This document describes a simulation of heat transfer between a Newtonian fluid and an axisymmetric steel die. The fluid and solid domains are discretized using finite elements. Boundary conditions such as inflow, outflow, and insulation are applied. An interface condition ensures continuity of temperature and heat flux where the fluid and solid contact. The simulation is set up and run using PolyFlow software to solve the energy, momentum, and incompressibility equations in the fluid domain and the heat equation in the solid domain simultaneously.

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woongs73
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67 views5 pages

Xample Olid Fluid Heat Transfer Problem: January 2017 6.1 Release 18.0

This document describes a simulation of heat transfer between a Newtonian fluid and an axisymmetric steel die. The fluid and solid domains are discretized using finite elements. Boundary conditions such as inflow, outflow, and insulation are applied. An interface condition ensures continuity of temperature and heat flux where the fluid and solid contact. The simulation is set up and run using PolyFlow software to solve the energy, momentum, and incompressibility equations in the fluid domain and the heat equation in the solid domain simultaneously.

Uploaded by

woongs73
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example 6

EXAMPLE 6
SOLID/FLUID HEAT TRANSFER PROBLEM

DESCRIPTION

In this example, we wish to calculate the heat transfer between a Newtonian fluid and an
axisymmetric steel die. In particular energy, momentum and incompressibility equations are
solved over the fluid domain together with the heat equation over the solid domain. The
domain of calculation is displayed in Fig. 1. Subdomain 1 covers the fluid region, while the
solid region corresponds to subdomain 2.

We select a Newtonian fluid. Its material properties are:


= 1000 poises = 1 g/cm3
k = 0.5 10 erg/s/cm/C
5 Cp = 2 107erg/g/C

for the viscosity, the density, the heat conductivity and the heat capacity, respectively. The
steel die is characterized by its thermal conductivity ks = 35 105 erg/s/cm/C.
Outflow insulated

(BS 3)

(BS 4) Solid (BS 2)

subdom ain 2
Axis of
symmetry

subdom ain 1 heat exchange


by convection

Fluid

(BS 1)

insulated
Inflow Q = 3
T = 200

Fig. 1. Solid/fluid heat transfer problem and boundary conditions.


The mesh is included in the box x = [0, 0.3], y = [0, 0.8].

January 2017 6.1 Release 18.0


Example 6

In Fig. 1 we also display the boundary conditions. The volumetric flow rate is 3 cm3/s. The
user is now familiar with the usual boundary conditions such as inflow, outflow, axis of
symmetry, insulated wall, etc. Let us point out two important points. An interface condition
has been selected for the temperature along the common solid/fluid interface: it ensures the
continuity of the temperature and of the heat flux. Vanishing velocities are selected along this
line, since the fluid does not slip along the die wall. The interface itself is a part of the
boundary of the fluid domain.

KEYWORDS

solid/fluid heat transfer, multi-domain calculation, 2-D axisymmetric flow

FILENAMES

solflu.mdf, solflu.msh, solflu.dat, solflu.cons, solflu.lst, solflu.res, solflu.cfx.res

NEW CONCEPTS

For the discretization, we use the finite element mesh of example V; however a cylindrical
system of coordinates (r,z) is used instead of the previous cartesian system. The subdomains
are noted 'Si' and the boundaries 'BSi'.

In example V, a multidomain calculation has involved the heat exchange between two solids.
In this example, we wish to calculate the heat transfer between a Newtonian fluid and an
axisymmetric steel die. As in the previous example, only one task is needed, because the fluid
and solid problems must be solved in parallel. This single task will have two sub-tasks, one
for the fluid problem, and one for the heat conduction problem.

POLYDATA SESSION

- Read a mesh file: solflu.msh


- Create a new task: 2D axisymmetric geometry
- Create a sub-task: Generalized Newtonian non-isothermal flow problem
Domain: S1
Material data
Constant viscosity: fac = 103
Density: = 1.0
Thermal conductivity: K = 5 104
Heat capacity per unit mass: Cp = 2 107
Average temperature: tinit = 200
Viscous heating taken into account

January 2017 6.2 Release 18.0


Example 6

Inertia and volume forces neglected


Flow boundary conditions
S 2: vn = vs = 0.0
BS 1: Inflow: flow rate = 3.0 (automatic, volumetric)
BS 3: Outflow: zero normal force imposed
BS 4: Axis of symmetry
Thermal boundary conditions
S 2: Interface see note 1
BS 1: Temperature imposed: Tp = 200
BS 3: Outflow
BS 4: Axis of symmetry
Interpolation see note 2
quadratic element for velocities, linear pressure
4x4 element for temperature
- Create a sub-task: Heat conduction problem
Domain: S 2
Material data
Thermal conductivity: K = 3.5 106
Average temperature: tinit = 200
Thermal boundary conditions
S 1: Interface see note 1
BS 1: Insulated
BS 2: Flux density imposed:
qc: constant = -5. 105
alpha = 104 Talpha = 0
sigma = 0 Tsigma = 0
T0 = 0
BS 3: Insulated
Interpolation see note 2
4x4 element for temperature
Assign the stream function
PSI = 0 at the node closest to coordinates (2, 0)
- Outputs
- Default output : CFD-Post
- System of units for CFD-Post: metric_cm/g/s/A+Celsius
- Probe (optional)
probe1: prefix: solflu_01 location (0, 0.4)
probe2: prefix: solflu_02 location (0.1, 0.4)
probe3: prefix: solflu_03 location (0.2, 0.4)
- Save and exit
- Activate convergence strategy: no see note 3
- Filenames
Mesh file solflu.msh
Data file solflu.dat
Result file solflu.res
CFD-Post solflu.cfx.res

January 2017 6.3 Release 18.0


Example 6

Note 1: Interface

Since a temperature field is defined on subdomains 1 and 2, an interface boundary condition


must be specified along their common intersection. This condition ensures the continuity of
the temperature field and of the heat flux.

Note 2: Interpolation

Generalized Newtonian non-isothermal flows are often endowed with thin thermal boundary
layers. In order to capture the steep temperature gradients, we recommend the use of the
4x4 element for the temperature. Thus, the number of temperature nodes is twice the number
of velocity nodes in each spatial direction. This option is efficient for all non-isothermal flow
problems of fluids characterized by a high Pclet number.

Note 3: Convergence strategy

At the end of the session, a window pops up, informing the user that non-isothermal flows
can cause convergence difficulties, and asks whether the user wants to activate convergence
strategy. The convergence strategy involves the definition of specific evolution functions
applied on potentially challenging non-linearities. This will be the topic of a dedicated
example.

RUNNING POLYFLOW

At the present stage, we have two input files for POLYFLOW: a mesh and a data file; their
name are SOLFLU.MSH and SOLFLU.DAT. The latter is used as standard input for
POLYFLOW. For the listing, we select the name SOLFLU.LST. A result file named
SOLFLU.RES is also generated and can be used for a future restart.

January 2017 6.4 Release 18.0


Example 6

GRAPHIC POST-PROCESSING

Mesh and result files for graphic post-processing are generated. In Fig. 2, we display
successively the temperature contour lines over the whole mesh, the vertical velocity
component and the stream function over the fluid subdomain.

a) b) c)

Fig. 2. Solid/fluid heat transfer problem:


a) Temperature contour lines (init. val. = 200, incr. = 1, fin. val. = 209),
b) Axial velocity contour lines (init. val. = 0, incr. = 20, fin. val. = 180),
c) Streamlines (init. val. = 0, incr. = 0.3, fin. val. = 3).

January 2017 6.5 Release 18.0

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