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Names: - CHE112P Quiz 1: - Sec: - Extent of Reaction, Atomic and Molecular Balance

The document describes two chemical reactions: 1) Decomposition of calcium carbonate producing gases that are 26.5% CO2, 5% O2, and 68.5% N2. Moles of reactants and products are calculated using extent of reaction and atomic balance. 2) Methane reacts with oxygen to form formaldehyde or carbon dioxide. Percentages of products are given and conversion, yield, and selectivity are calculated.

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Mateo Premarion
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79 views4 pages

Names: - CHE112P Quiz 1: - Sec: - Extent of Reaction, Atomic and Molecular Balance

The document describes two chemical reactions: 1) Decomposition of calcium carbonate producing gases that are 26.5% CO2, 5% O2, and 68.5% N2. Moles of reactants and products are calculated using extent of reaction and atomic balance. 2) Methane reacts with oxygen to form formaldehyde or carbon dioxide. Percentages of products are given and conversion, yield, and selectivity are calculated.

Uploaded by

Mateo Premarion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Names: __________________________ CHE112P Quiz 1 :_________

Sec: _____ Extent of Reaction, Atomic and Molecular Balance

1. Pure calcium carbonate is decomposed using methane gas as a fuel and air for combustion of
fuel, producing a gas with an analysis of 26.5 % CO2, 5.0 % O2, and 68.5 % N2.
The reaction involved are as follows:
Combustion of methane
CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O
Decomposition of calcium carbonate
CaCO3 CaO + CO2
Calculate the moles of each substances fed to the reactor using the following method
a.1 Extent of reaction
a.2 Atomic balance

air (79 % N2, 21 % O2)

Reactor

CaCO3 26.5 % (n) CO2


CH4 5.0 % O2 Analysis
68.5 % N2

CaO H2O ( not reported in analysis)

Basis: 100 moles of dry reactor gases

nCO2 = 26.5 mol


nO2 = 5.0 mol
nN2 = 68.5 mol

CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O


CaCO3 CaO + CO2

Using extent of reaction

nCO2 = 1 + 2 : 2 = 26.5 - 6.6 = 19.9


nO2 = nO2 i - 21 : nO2 i = 68.5 (21/79) = 18.21 : 1 = 6.6
nH2O = 21

nCaO = : nCaO = 19.9 mol

nCH4 = nCH4 I 1 : nCH4 i = 6.6 mol

nair = 68.5 (100/0.79) = 86.71


Using atomic balance

Y, air (79 % N2, 21 % O2)

Reactor

X,CaCO3 26.5 % (n) CO2


Z, CH4 5.0 % O2 Analysis
68.5 % N2

CaO H2O ( not reported in analysis)

N balance

(0.79) Y (2) = 68.5 (2)

Y = 86.71 mol

C balance

X + Z = 26.5

O balance

3X + 0.21(86.71)(2) = X + 26.5(2) + 5 (2) Z(2)


X - 13.29 = Z

Z = 6.60

X = 19.9 mol

2. Methane and oxygen reacts in the presence of catalyst to form formaldehyde:


CH4 + O2 HCHO + H2O
In a parallel side reaction some of the methane is instead oxidized to carbon dioxide and water
CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2H2O
The reactor output streams contains 45 mol % formaldehyde, 1 % carbon dioxide, 4 % methane
and the balance oxygen and water.

Calculate:
a. percentage conversion of methane
b. the fractional yield of formaldehyde,
c. selectivity of formaldehyde production relative to carbon dioxide production.
O2

CH4 45 % (n) HCHO


1 % CO2
Reactor 4 % CH4
O2 50 %
H2O
Basis: 100 moles of Product Gas
nHCHO = 45 mol
nCO2 = 1 mol
nCH4 = 4 mol

Using extent of reaction


CH4 + O2 HCHO + H2O
CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2H2O

nHCHO = 1 : 1 = 45
nCO2 = 2 : 2 = 1
nCH4 = nCH4 i - 1 - 2 : nCH4 i = 4 + 45 + 1 = 50 mol
nO2 = nO2 i - 1 - 22 :
nH2O = 1 + 22 : nH2O = 45 + 2(1) = 47 mol

nO2 + nH2O = 50 mol


nO2 = 50 47 = 3 mol

nO2 i = 3 + 45 + 2(1) = 50 mol

Using atomic balances

Y = O2

X = CH4 45 % (n) HCHO


1 % CO2
Reactor 4 % CH4
Z = O2 50 %
50 Z = H2O
C balance

X + 45 + 1 + 4 = 50
H balance

50(4) = 45(2) + 4(4) + (50 Z)(2)


Z = 3 mol
O balance
2Y = 45 + 1(2) + 3(2) + 50 - 3
Y = 50 mol

a. percentage conversion of methane

% Conversion CH4 = (CH4 used / CH4 feed ) x 100

= [ (50 - 4 ) / 50 ] x 100 = 92 %
b. the fractional yield of formaldehyde,

f HCHO = HCHO in product / Theo HCHO

= 45 / 50 = 0.9

c. selectivity of formaldehyde production relative to carbon dioxide production.

= 45/1 = 45

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