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Inverse of A Matrix

The inverse of a square matrix A is written as A-1. When a matrix is multiplied by its inverse, the result is the identity matrix I. Only square matrices have inverses, and not all square matrices are invertible. There are three main methods to find the inverse of a matrix: 1) using a shortcut formula for 2x2 matrices, 2) using Gauss-Jordan elimination on the augmented matrix [A | I] to transform it to [I | A-1], and 3) using the adjoint method which involves calculating the adjoint or cofactor matrix of A.

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167 views3 pages

Inverse of A Matrix

The inverse of a square matrix A is written as A-1. When a matrix is multiplied by its inverse, the result is the identity matrix I. Only square matrices have inverses, and not all square matrices are invertible. There are three main methods to find the inverse of a matrix: 1) using a shortcut formula for 2x2 matrices, 2) using Gauss-Jordan elimination on the augmented matrix [A | I] to transform it to [I | A-1], and 3) using the adjoint method which involves calculating the adjoint or cofactor matrix of A.

Uploaded by

Kervin Sysing
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Inverse of a Matrix

Matrix Inverse
Multiplicative Inverse of a Matrix

For a square matrix A, the inverse is written A-1. When A is multiplied by A-1 the
result is the identity matrix I. Non-square matrices do not have inverses.

Note: Not all square matrices have inverses. A square matrix which has an inverse is
called invertible or nonsingular, and a square matrix without an inverse is
called noninvertible or singular.

AA-1 = A-1A = I

Example: For matrix , its inverse

is since

AA-1 =

and A-1A = .

Here are three ways to find the inverse of a matrix:

1. Shortcut for 2x2 matrices

For , the inverse can be found using this formula:


Example:

2. Augmented matrix method

Use Gauss-Jordan elimination to transform [ A | I ] into [ I | A-1 ].

Example: The following steps result in .

so we see that .

3. Adjoint method

A-1 = (adjoint of A) or A-1 = (cofactor matrix of A)T

Example: The following steps result in A-1 for .


The cofactor matrix for A is , so the adjoint

is . Since det A = 22, we get

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