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    Motivation: 100584R - W.A.H.R.Weerathunge

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    avi0341
    This document discusses a novel technique for preprocessing QR codes to decode them faster. It involves selecting a datum line in the image, calculating the tilt angle, and correcting tilt through rotation. The algorithm thresholds the image to binary, inverts it, finds boundary pixels to get the datum line, calculates the gradient of tilt, and performs tilt correction through rotation transformation using nearest neighbor interpolation for real-time performance. Experimental results showed the technique could process images with QR codes at different angles and versions faster than other methods.

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    Motivation: 100584R - W.A.H.R.Weerathunge

    Uploaded by

    avi0341
    33 views2 pages
    This document discusses a novel technique for preprocessing QR codes to decode them faster. It involves selecting a datum line in the image, calculating the tilt angle, and correcting tilt through rotation. The algorithm thresholds the image to binary, inverts it, finds boundary pixels to get the datum line, calculates the gradient of tilt, and performs tilt correction through rotation transformation using nearest neighbor interpolation for real-time performance. Experimental results showed the technique could process images with QR codes at different angles and versions faster than other methods.

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    image processing

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    100584rqrcodeimagepreprocessing-130913134826-phpapp02

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    This document discusses a novel technique for preprocessing QR codes to decode them faster. It involves selecting a datum line in the image, calculating the tilt angle, and correcting tilt through rotation. The algorithm thresholds the image to binary, inverts it, finds boundary pixels to get the datum line, calculates the gradient of tilt, and performs tilt correction through rotation transformation using nearest neighbor interpolation for real-time performance. Experimental results showed the technique could process images with QR codes at different angles and versions faster than other methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views2 pages

    Motivation: 100584R - W.A.H.R.Weerathunge

    Uploaded by

    avi0341
    This document discusses a novel technique for preprocessing QR codes to decode them faster. It involves selecting a datum line in the image, calculating the tilt angle, and correcting tilt through rotation. The algorithm thresholds the image to binary, inverts it, finds boundary pixels to get the datum line, calculates the gradient of tilt, and performs tilt correction through rotation transformation using nearest neighbor interpolation for real-time performance. Experimental results showed the technique could process images with QR codes at different angles and versions faster than other methods.

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    of 2

    QR CODE DECODING AND IMAGE PREPROCESSING

    EN3552 IMAGE PROESSING AND MACHINE VISION


    100584R W.A.H.R.Weerathunge

    Motivation These methods above can be used to implement image


    positioning, however, the time complexity is very high.
    QR or Quick Response Code is a method of compressing In This Project, I have used a novel processing technique
    High amounts of Data to 2D data matrix images. The of simple datum line selection, rotation angle calculation
    Data can be Quickly Read and Decoded Using a smart and tilt correction by the motivation gathered from
    phone. reference [1].
    Readability at High Speed is the main advantage of QR.
    The ability to extract information from partially Algorithm Used
    destroyed or distorted QR codes, and the user friendly
    ness, makes QR codes practical for businesses. Threshold the RGB image to a binary image
    Invert the image
    Problem Statement Find initial and final nonzero pixel points (
    matrix elements )
    Preprocessing QR codes Faster for Readability and Store the values, get datum line
    Writing a software to read embedded information from a Calculate Gradient of tilt
    captured image from Smart Phones. Acquisition in Tilt correction
    different angles and distances, coupled with the
    geometric distortion and flat distortion caused by image Equation: = 45 -
    capture device, the image of the QR codes will be Datum line gradient =
    rotated, zoomed and stretched. To solve the problems
    Actual image tilt =
    above, two-dimensional code image should have a series
    of image processing before adopting national standards
    Rotation Transformation
    for rapid response code decoding algorithm
    Transformation Matrix =
    Outline of the solution [ cos A sin A , sinA -cosA]
    Recognition Based on Image Processing
    If scaling is considered ;
    T = [ cos A sin A 0 , sin A -cos A 0 , 0 0 1 ]
    The algorithm for QR code recognition process based on
    image processing is showed in fig. 1.

    Binarization
    Images collected are converted to grayscale format by
    Because the purpose of rotation coordinates is not
    gray-scale processing. I have chosen the global threshold
    necessarily integer coordinates, in order to ensure the
    method (OTSU method) in ordinary light condition
    image is not distorted, the gray value of purpose pixel
    needs for interpolation in the image rotation
    Tilt correction transformation.
    When the image is being scanned, the position of QR The frequently-used methods include;
    code often occurs tilt and it needs rotating operation for
    the nearest neighbor interpolation
    correction. Researches have been done on this problem.
    bilinear interpolation
    The proposed algorithms hollows out internal points of
    the bar code, then gets the edge information and peaks tri-linear interpolation
    and slope detection of bar code with Hough transform
    over a known point. Among them, the nearest neighbor method is
    comparatively simple, processing time is the shortest,
    and the real-time performance is very well, but the be further improved for implementation in future. I have
    quality of the result is not high, the process of rotation also added Results from the Custom decoder, which is in
    prone to jagged boundaries. the form of a bit stream of information.

    This method is for applications that require high rotation The results are as follows
    Real-time performance,
    but less demanding procedures on image quality.

    As the bottle neck in preprocessing QR codes is, time


    complexity, I have used nearest neighbor technique in the
    software decoder.

    Nearest neighbor interpolation

    To geometrically transform an image, the result we seek


    is an image with transformed coordinates. The result of
    applying the transformation function is generally not an
    integer particularly in case of rotation and scaling. This
    poses a problem since the image is defined on a grid. The
    solution is interpolation.

    n implementation, image rotation is done as follows.


    Given I[m,n] to find a transformed image X[m., n.]
    where [m., n.]= A x [m, n] + B according to the above
    given equation:

    1. Create a dummy array X[m., n.].


    2. Find the locations [m, n] in I that correspond to
    locations [., n.] in the image X by applying the
    inverse transformation. I.e. A-1 ([m., n.]-B) = [m, n].
    This can result in non-integer locations. References
    [1]Yunhua Gu,Weixiang Zhang,"QR code recognition
    3. Find the pixel value at these source locations. If Based on Image Processing",International Conference on
    it is non-integer valued locations, use an interpolation Information Science and Technology ,March 26-28, 2011
    Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
    function.
    [2]Wikipedia/QR-code
    Round off the [m, n] and take the pixel value at that [3] M.Sun,LS.Fu,XTYang,S.H.zhang,"Image Analysis
    Method for QR
    location. Code's Automatic Recognition",Journal of University of
    Electronic
    Results Science and Technology of China, Vo1.38,No.6,pp.122-
    125,Nov.2009.
    During the experiment, the sample pictures were
    collected by shooting in different direction using the
    ordinary QR code generator as expected in problem
    statement. Images include Different versions of bar code;
    the tilt angle exists in the image;
    This experiment is carried on in the windows XP system,
    using MATLAB programming to process image, and
    both image encoding and decoding adopts the method
    proposed in QR national standards.

    The Zebra Crossing library is used to decode the bit


    stream of information embedded in QR, and as the time
    permitted, I have also complied part of the decoder
    module, even though, not stated in problem statement, to

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