GMB Flexibility Resource Guide PDF
GMB Flexibility Resource Guide PDF
GMB Flexibility Resource Guide PDF
Resource Guide
A Guide to Improving Hip
and Shoulder Flexibility
GMB Flexibility All rights reserved. Brief damages arising out of any
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Resource Guide
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GMB Fitness. Please contact sure to follow all safety and
Hurst, Jarlo L. Ilano, PT, us at gmb.io for more installation instructions
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results including (but not all cautions and warnings
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If you experience acute injury
person's attempt to rely upon
or persistent, chronic pains,
any information herein
consult a licensed health
contained. The exercises
practitioner. Nothing in this
described in this book are for
document can be considered
information purposes, and
a substitute for qualified
may be too strenuous or even
medical advice.
dangerous for some people.
The reader should consult a
physician before starting this
or any other exercise
program.
Contents 3
Introduction 4
What is Flexibility? 5
The Flexibility Controversy 7
How to Use This Guide 8
The Hips 11
Hip Structure 12
The Two Most Common Hip Complaints 14
How to Build Flexible and Strong Hips 15
Change Things Up for Consistent Results 18
Explore What Your Hips Can Do 19
The Shoulders 21
How the Shoulder Works 22
The Joints of the Shoulder 23
What Can Go Wrong in the Shoulder? 28
How to Fix Your Shoulder Pain 31
Address Your Shoulder Pain 33
Choosing the Right Exercises for Your Needs 37
Recommendations 41
INTRODUCTION
With very few exceptions, just about everyone who buys one of our
programs, peruses our free information, or lands on our website for
some other reason have one thing in common:
And if youre reading this guide, you probably do too. We only sell one
program that specifically addresses flexibility - but flexibility is an
element of training that is near and dear to our hearts, and it really runs
through ALL our programs, not just Focused Flexibility. Flexibility issues
are so pervasive that we really cant neglect them in our programs.
In any case, its probably safe to assume youre looking to improve your
flexibility in particular areas of your body, and youll definitely get some
good tips to help you in this guide.
These may seem like simple questions, but its really fundamental to
understand the answers to them if you want to have the best chance of
success.
What is Flexibility?
For some reason, people are obsessed with the splits, and they think the
splits are the only measure of flexibility. In reality, flexibility is about A
LOT more than the splits, and chances are, you have zero need to be able
to do the splits anyway.
So, if your goal is to be able to do a really solid handstand, but you have
stiffness in your shoulders that limits your movement ability, you need to
focus on shoulder flexibility and practicing the splits will not help you
get there.
How it Works
This has a lot to do with the phenomenon of people that are just tight,
who seem to be bound up and have difficulty with flexibility as a rule, and
even more difficulty in trying to change it.
Actual soft tissue (tendon, ligament, muscle, fascia, etc.) change is the
much debated part of this conversation. Imagine screaming and flying fists
at national conferences. (Well, maybe not that bad)
But again, whatever the case, worry less on the exact particulars, and
focus on making the changes for your goals. Thats the most important
thing.
Focus on the changes you see within yourself, establish some kind of
baseline measurement (such as we provide in the Basic Assessment
Positions Protocol of Focused Flexibility) of your condition, go through a
program for a reasonable period of time, and assess how you feel after
that.
Odds are youll be doing and feeling better, and thats the bottom line.
So, now that you know what flexibility is, and what it isnt, its time to
figure out how to incorporate flexibility work into your life in a safe and
effective manner.
Dont try to take on too much. There is a lot of information in here, and
trying to incorporate everything will just get you in trouble.
Even if every one of these areas presents issues for you, take on one
thing at a time. Trying to do all the stretches discussed throughout this
guide will just overwhelm you and tire you out. So pace yourself.
Problem Areas
Any individual can have limited range of motion in just about any part of
the body, but there are definitely some common denominators for most
people with flexibility issues.
The bottom line is most people in todays world spend most of their time
sitting (in a chair, in the car, etc), which is a fairly recent phenomenon.
Just think about it - when youve been sitting for 2 or 3 hours straight,
your body feels tight and uncomfortable when you stand up.
Taking Action
In this guide, well cover the two most commonly affected areas of the
body - the hips and the shoulders. Well discuss the specific issues
surrounding each of these areas, and leave you with a few exercises to
practice for each one.
The hips provide most of the incredible power and force that our lower
body can generate for running and jumping, and deficiencies in strength
and flexibility in this area of the body can mean the difference between a
winning performance or a painful end to the game.
Beyond athletic activities, though, issues with your hips can negatively
impact your daily life.
Hip Structure
And actually, because of all the various muscles and structures in the
region, thats very reasonable.
Though the hip joint itself refers to the femoral head (the ball on the
top of your leg) connecting to the acetabulum (the socket) of the pelvis,
it really is a much bigger area than you might think, especially when we
account for the large amount of myofascial structures surrounding the
joint.
Just to give you a picture of whats shaking in your hip, heres a list of the
relevant muscles:
All of these muscles support and allow the hip to move and generate
force in a variety of angles and positions.
Compared to the shoulder joint, the hip is much bigger and sits more
deeply in the socket. Because the hips have to carry the majority of our
bodyweight through thousands of steps a day, they need to be quite
stable, whereas the shoulders need to be more mobile in order to move
our hands through all our daily tasks.
This isnt to say that hip mobility isnt as important as hip stability,
especially when we consider that we want to do much more than just
walk or stand all day.
Flexible hips are necessary for the variety of exercises and fitness training
that we recommend here at GMB.
You generally only see hip ligament issues due to high force trauma or
moderate force, repetitive overuse in sports that require a lot of jumping/
landing, and force production in supranormal ranges of motion (such as
with dancers, track and field athletes, martial and performing artists).
The primary pain complaints regarding the hip are muscle strains (in the
hamstrings, hip adductors, flexors) due to unfamiliar exertion or
overuse, with the root cause of poor movement patterns as a result of
deficient strength, flexibility, and/or coordination.
And along those lines, the primary non-painful complaints about the
hips are in regards to hip tightness.
Unless your day job has you squatting and twisting on a regular basis,
itd do us well to take our hips through a much greater range of motion
than is needed for our daily tasks alone.
Just as most everybody thinks they have tight hamstrings, whereas in all
likelihood they instead have weak hamstrings and weak glutes.
So, you know by now that, to build the healthiest hips possible, they need
to be both strong and flexible one or the other wont cut it.
So, in this latest video, I wanted to share some twists on old standbys to
demonstrate how to approach flexibility training in a less regimented and
more exploratory manner.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tc2iwy4vAAc
Dont worry about sets and reps and hold times; instead, re-frame
stretching as experimenting with different angles and positions.
The standard big strength moves such as squats and lunges are
important pieces for building great hip and leg strength, but be wary of
training the same patterns over and over again. Its nothing to do with
muscle confusion or any nonsense like that; rather, its that we tend to
form fixed movement patterns with consistent repetition of any skill.
In this video Ill show you a few new ways to change up classic leg
strength exercises. Give these a test run and let it inspire you to create
some variations of your own.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_K8bIIORNBg
Again, dont worry too much about sets or reps. Just see this as an
opportunity to practice.
Strong and flexible hips are key for nearly every athletic endeavor, as
well as many aspects of normal, daily life. Since they are key players in
both generating force and attenuating strain, the hips are protective for
the low back and the knees.
Too often we find ourselves performing the same movements every day.
Absorbed in the routine of work and home life, we lose sight of our hips
incredible potential strength and mobility. Spend even just ten to fifteen
minutes a day on fundamental and creative hip exercises and youll
notice a dramatic increase in your ability to move your whole body
strongly and gracefully.
But at some point youll be hitting diminished returns based upon the
time spent doing the same repetitive actions day after day. When you
start to feel stale, or your energy levels drop, remember the fun you had
as a child just playing around, and seeing what new things you could do
with your body.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zc6AbQXPICU
Take your time and give yourself room to explore all the various actions
and positions your hips can handle. This is the true key to improving all
aspects of your hips range of motion and power.
If youre like most people, youve got, not just one, but two shoulders.
Besides simply keeping your arms attached to your body, the shoulders
do a lot of work, so keeping them healthy is definitely in your best
interest.
If left untreated, it can turn into a chronic problem that affects daily
activities, such as carrying your groceries and reaching to put them
away, as well as recreational activities like handstands and other
bodyweight control moves we teach here at GMB.
We ask a lot from our shoulders the strength and flexibility to reach,
hold, lift, carry, press, and pull.
Lets take a look at how they work, and how just about every upper body
movement and muscle involves the shoulder.
When most people speak about the shoulder joint, they are likely
referring to the ball and socket joint formed by the humerus (the upper
arm) and the scapula (the shoulder blade).
Its a shallow socket, the glenoid fossa, which allows for a much greater
range of motion at various angles than the deeper socket of the hip.
Our purpose here isnt to present all of the finer details of the anatomy
of the shoulder, but to give a broad understanding of whats happening in
the area. This general understanding can help to prevent and/or assist in
the various shoulder injuries that can happen to us.
On the simplest level, any joint is the connection between two bones and
determines the axis upon which those bones can move.
The most movable joints, the ones we are most concerned about in our
physical activities, are surrounded by a capsule comprised of thick outer
tissue and a thinner inner tissue. Within this capsule is fluid, cartilage,
and other tissue, all of which protect, nourish, and assist in shock
absorption and free movement the most important qualities we want in
our joints.
Glenohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Scapulothoracic
Within and surrounding these structures are the various soft tissues that
make the shoulder both strong and mobile.
Because of the variety of soft tissues within the G-H joint, lack of use
often causes stiffness due to adhesions between the many folds and
sliding points. Structures effectively get stuck together like plastic
wrap and restrict your motion. Use it or lose it applies well to the
shoulder.
The big muscles in the upper body all converge at this joint to move our
arms (or our body through our arms).
The pectorals pull the arms forward and across the body, while the
latissimus pulls the arms down and behind the body, and the deltoids
and traps raise your shoulder girdle and arm upward.
These are powerful muscle groups that work hard in all the lifting,
carrying, pushing, and pulling tasks we set out to do.
The smaller muscles at the G-H joint that make up the rotator cuff
assist in maintaining proper position of the humerus within the joint.
Apparently theres only a small window of optimal health for our A-C
joint!
Just as in the description of the G-H joint, daily exercise of working your
shoulder through its full range of motion and flexibility does much for
minimizing problems in this area.
They support the joint to provide a stable pivot point for shoulder blade
motion, and also help to form the roof above the rotator cuff and
humeral head.
And even in most gym and sport exercises, we often limit ourselves to
repetitive common patterns rather than going through the full range of
available motion. This is why the fundamental shoulder opening
gymnastic and handbalancing exercises can be surprisingly difficult and
hugely beneficial additions to our training.
The preceding brief description of the shoulder girdle shows just how
complex and overwhelming this area of the body can be, and all the
problems and issues that can occur with even just one structure not
doing its job.
Virtually all of our upper body muscles converge with the shoulder in
some way and their interrelationship is key for optimal shoulder health
and performance.
And these poor movement patterns can cause repetitive damage to the
tissues in your shoulder even from simply using it in normal everyday
activities. This is why shoulder pain is so common in both professional
and recreational athletes.
Now that weve described the basics of the shoulder girdle, its easier to
understand the two most common causes of shoulder pain.
Tendonitis should actually be easily taken care of, with adequate rest and
staying away from the painful motion, the inflammation should run its
course and heal within two weeks.
The latest pain science reveals that there can be little correlation
between tissue damage and the perceived pain. You can take two MRI
scans of different people showing obvious structural problems, and one
will report no pain while the other can barely move without wincing.
This is quite clearly seen by the millions of people dealing with a variety
of back, neck, and extremity pain, some resolving quickly and some
turning into years of problems despite many types of treatment.
Magic bullets do work sometimes, but they arent a high percentage bet.
The miracle treatments that do occur involve a peculiar combination of
good timing, patient/practitioner rapport, the particular condition, and a
bit of luck.
So how do we know if what we are doing is going to affect our pain and
function?
Tips to remember:
Ive broken the following strategies into categories for both ease of
understanding and integration into your current training.
Youll soon see that certain exercises match well together. Also, the
category of motor control/patterning is very important and if you can
do the movements without pain, you should include these into your
program as soon as possible.
There are three major issues that can cause shoulder pain issues with
flexibility, strength, and/or motor control. Below, youll find videos with
exercises to help you address each of these issues.
The following video offers some tips and tactics for improving your
shoulder flexibility and motion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JNaLqploNBQ
With each of these exercises, dont be afraid to play with different angles
and different lines of force sometimes a slight variation of the basic
movement can allow you to access different regions of that range of
motion.
This video outlines a variety of strengthening options that you are likely
not including in your current training program:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzVP5tSRbd4
Targeting the muscles of the shoulder blade and rotator cuff, these are
great movements to improve the stability of the shoulder girdle.
These exercises are best done either at the end of your current routine,
two to three times a week, or as its own dedicated training session.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o47GYJtu-C0
The crucial word here is play. Play with movement variations, angles of
pressure, and make each repetition slightly different than the last.
Feel free to add these moves whenever you can, either as a warmup for
your current routine, or as a cooldown, or even when you have a spare
few minutes of time.
The exercises presented above will address common issues for most
people, and are especially useful for those who participate in movement
disciplines and activities like those we teach here at GMB. The best
approach is to assess your particular needs and choose the exercises
that best fit your situation.
If you are training for a sport or have physical goals in your exercise
regimen, you are probably already aware of what you need to do to
improve your performance.
Instead, you should have specific targets, especially when you have
issues such as shoulder pain and stiffness. As we keep harping here at
GMB, goals are important tools for your training. Goals give you direction
and a sense of purpose, when you otherwise may feel like you are just
floating along.
Floating isnt necessarily a bad thing, but its not the fastest way to reach
a goal either.
In the case of Motor Control, the sense of free-form play is the right
attitude.
Novel movements break up your normal routine and wake up your mind
and body. Physical habits and holding patterns creep up on you slowly
and settle in without you being aware.
New movements just for the sake of doing them give you benefits far
beyond those of the actual physical effort. Every way of getting out of the
doldrums and plateaus of training is a precious commodity.
Take some time to examine your particular needs and play with adding a
few of these techniques to your training.
And the same for the strength exercises pick two moves that seem
to be the weakest for you, and incorporate them into your regimen and
re-assess in a month.
For the motor control exercises, pick a couple that look the most fun
to do and sprinkle them in to your sessions and daily activities, youll
be glad you did.
When youre ready to take your flexibility work further and address your
areas of stiffness more specifically, Focused Flexibility is a good next
step.
If you have any questions about resource guide, or any other training
questions, dont hesitate to get in touch.