Project: Job No.

: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

WIND LOAD CALCULATION

(EN1991-1-4:2005 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General Actions - Wind Actions)

Calculation of basic wind velocity, vb:

cdir = 1.00 Directional factor; Section 4.2,
cseason = 1.0 Season factor; Section 4.2, Note 3 - Recommended value is 1.0
vbo = 40.9 m/s Fundamental value of the basic wind velocity (3 sec gust: 50 year return period)
vb = 40.9 m/s Basic wind velocity; Section 4.2, (1)P Expression (4.1) [ vb = cdir * cseason * vbo ]

Calculation of basic velocity pressure, qb:

3
air = 1.250 kg/m Air density; Section 4.5, Note 2 - Recommended value is 1.25 kg/m3
qb = 1.046 kPa Basic velocity pressure; Section 4.5, (1) Expression (4.10) [ qb = 1/2 * air * vb2 ]

Terrain category: I Terrain category, Table 4.1

z0 = 0.01 m Roughness length for terrain category I, Table 4.1
zmin = 1 m Minimum height for terrain category I, Table 4.1

Terrain roughness:
z0,ll = 0.05 m Roughness length for terrain category II, Table 4.1
zmax = 200 m Maximum height, Section 4.3.2
kr = 0.170 Terrain factor depending on z0; Section 4.3.2, Expression (4.5) [ kr = 0.19 * (z0/z0,ll)0.07 ]
cr(z) = kr * ln(z/zo) for zmin z zmax and cr(z) = cr(zmin) for z zmin Roughness factor; Section 4.3.2, Expression (4.4)

Terrain orography:
co(z) = 1.0 Orography factor; Section 4.3.1, recommended value is co(z) = 1.0 (Note 1).

Mean wind velocity, vm:

vm(z) = cr(z) * co(z) * vb Mean wind velocity; Section 4.4 (1), Expression (4.7)

Wind turbulence:
kl = 1.0 Turbulence factor; Section 4.4 (1), recommended value is 1.0.
Iv(z) = kl/co(z) * ln(z/zo) for zmin z zmax and Iv(z) = Iv(zmin) for z < zmin Turbulence intensity; Section 4.4 (1), Expression (4.7)

Calculation of peak velocity pressure, qp (Clause 4.5):

qp(z) = [1+7*Iv(z)] * 1/2 * air * vm(z)2 Peak velocity pressure; Section 4.4(1), Expression (4.7)
= ce(z) * qb where ce(z) = [1+7*Iv(z)] * cr(z) * co(z)
z qp(z)
Iv(z) co(z) cr(z) ce(z)
m kPa
0 - - - - 2.345
5 0.161 1 1.055 2.243 2.345
8.3 0.149 1 1.141 2.329 2.435
10 0.145 1 1.173 2.361 2.468
20 0.132 1 1.290 2.479 2.591
25 0.128 1 1.328 2.516 2.631
30 0.125 1 1.359 2.547 2.663
35 0.123 1 1.385 2.574 2.691
40 0.121 1 1.408 2.596 2.714
45 0.119 1 1.428 2.616 2.735
50 0.117 1 1.446 2.634 2.754
Note: Use corresponding qp(z) with respect to height z.
 Project: Job No.: Sheet: Rev:

Subject: Wind Load Calculation Prepared: Date: Checked:

z= 8.3 m Height of pipes & pipe support above ground (TOS EL.+108.30 - FGL EL.+100)

Calculation of wind load acting on pipes:

Design Force, Fd = Cf * qp(z) * (p + hs) * lp ]

Elevation Peak Vel. Pressure Shoe Span of Design

Pipe Diameter, p
z Pres., qp(z) Coefficient Height, hs Pipe, lp Force, Fd
m kPa Cf inch mm mm mm kN
8.3 2.435 0.7 14 355.6 100 6000 4.66
8.3 2.435 0.7 8 219.1 100 6000 3.26

Calculation of wind load acting on structural members:

Design Force, Fd = cscd * cf * qp(z) * h for wind load acting on the depth of the member
Design Force, Fd = cscd * cf * qp(z) * b for wind load acting on the width of the member

qp(z) = 2.435 kPa Design peak velocity pressure of pipe support, refer to Table above w/r to height z
cscd = 1.0 Structural factor; Section 6.2
cf,0 = 2.0 Force coefficient; Section 7.7 (Note 1)
= 1.0 End-effect factor (Figure 7.36)
cf = 2.0 Force coefficient; Section 7.7, Expression (7.11) [ cf = cf,o x ]

Elevation Peak Vel. Design

Depth,h Width, b
z Pres., qp(z) Member Force, Fd Remarks
m kPa mm mm kN/m
Existing Structural Steel Members
8.3 2.435 152.4 - 0.742 Column &
UC152x152x23
8.3 2.435 - 152.2 0.741 Beam
8.3 2.435 203.2 - 0.990 Column &
UB203x133x25
8.3 2.435 - 133.2 0.649 Beam
8.3 2.435 101.6 - 0.495
Tee UB203x133x25 Bracing
8.3 2.435 - 133.2 0.649
8.3 2.435 203.2 - 0.990
UC203x203x46 Column
8.3 2.435 - 203.6 0.992
8.3 2.435 200 - 0.974
CH200x75x23 Beam
8.3 2.435 - 75 0.365
New Structural Steel Members (Available on Site)
8.3 2.435 100 - 0.487
EA100x100x10 Plan Bracing
8.3 2.435 - 100 0.487
8.3 2.435 100 - 0.487
CH100X50X10 Knee Brace
8.3 2.435 - 50 0.244
8.3 2.435 256 - 1.247 Column: Equivalent to
258x146x37
8.3 2.435 - 146.4 0.713 UB 254x146x37
8.3 2.435 251.4 - 1.224
UB254x146x31 Beam
8.3 2.435 - 146.1 0.712
8.3 2.435 203.2 - 0.990
UB203x133x25 Column Bracing
8.3 2.435 - 133.2 0.649
8.3 2.435 351.4 - 1.712
UB356x171x45 Beam at Base
8.3 2.435 - 171.1 0.833