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Mechanics

1) The document discusses various topics in mechanics including moments, reactions and equilibrium, friction, moment of inertia, stresses, strains, torsion, and shear and moment diagrams. 2) Key concepts covered include moment of force, types of supports, friction, moment of inertia calculations for common shapes, stresses such as normal and shear stress, strains, torsion of solid and hollow shafts, and methods for truss and structural analysis. 3) Formulas are provided for calculations involving these mechanical concepts.

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RubyJanePartosa
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
78 views12 pages

Mechanics

1) The document discusses various topics in mechanics including moments, reactions and equilibrium, friction, moment of inertia, stresses, strains, torsion, and shear and moment diagrams. 2) Key concepts covered include moment of force, types of supports, friction, moment of inertia calculations for common shapes, stresses such as normal and shear stress, strains, torsion of solid and hollow shafts, and methods for truss and structural analysis. 3) Formulas are provided for calculations involving these mechanical concepts.

Uploaded by

RubyJanePartosa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MECHANICS

* Moment of Force
1) Moment about a point 2) Moment about an axis
M=rxF M = u (r x F)
* Reactions and Equilibrium
1) Smooth Surface 4) Smooth Pin Support

2) Roller Support 5) Fixed Support

3) Rocker Support 6) Ball-and-Socket Support


MECHANICS
* Friction
Friction, f = N = Ntan
R
Coefficient of friction, = tan N
Angle of friction,
* Belt Frction f
T2 = T1 e
where T2 = larger tension = angle of contact (in rad)
T1 = smaller tension = coefficient of belt friction

=90o =180o =90o+




MECHANICS
* Moment of Inertia
1) Rectangle 2) Right Triangle

h h

B B
bh3 hb3 bh3 hb3
Ixc = ; Iyc = Ixc = ; Iyc =
12 12 36 36
bh3 hb3 bh3 hb3
Ix = ; Iy = Ix = ; Iy =
3 3 12 12
B h B h
x = 2 ; = 2 x = 3 ; = 3
MECHANICS
3) Circle 4) Semi-circle

r
r

r4 Ixc = 0.1098r4
Ixc = Iyc = 4 r4
x = = 0 Iyc = Ix = 8
4r
x = 0 ; =
3
MECHANICS
5) Quadrant
Ixc = Iyc = 0.055r4
r4
Ix = Iy = 16
4r
x = = 3

* Truss Analysis
1) Method of Joints (Fv = 0, FH = 0)
2) Method of Sections (Fv = 0, FH = 0, M = 0)
*Structural Analysis
1) Method of Members
MECHANICS
* Stresses
Axial force, P
Normal Stress, = Perpendicular Area, A
Shear force, V
Shear Stress (Single Shear), = D2
n
4
Shear force, V
Shear Stress (Double Shear), = D2
2n
4
Pb
Bearing Stress, b = D t n
* Thin-walled Pressure on Cylindrical Pipes
pD
Tangential/Girth/Circumferential Stress, T = 2t
pD
Longitudinal Stress, L = 4t
MECHANICS
* Thin-walled Pressure on Spherical Pipes
pD
Stress, = 4t
* Strain

Strain, = L = E
PL L
Deformation, = AE = E
* Thermal Stress
Deformation due to temperature, T = L T
* Poissons Ratio
Y Z
= =
X X
E
Modulus of Rigidity, G = 2 (1+ )
MECHANICS
1) Biaxial Deformation 2) Triaxial Deformation
1 1
x = E [x y] x = E [x (y + z)]
1 1
y = E [y x] y = E [y (x + z)]
1
z = [z (x + y)]
E

* Torsion
T
Torsional Shearing Stress, = J

Frequency, f = (in cycle/sec, Hertz)
2
Power, p = 2Tf (in Watts, kW, hp, lb-ft/min)
Nm lbft
Note: 1 = 1 Watt ; 1 hp = 33000
s min
MECHANICS
TL
Angular Rotation/ Angle of Twist, =
JG
a) Solid Shaft
D4
Polar Moment of Inertia, J = 32
D
Radial Distance, =
2
16T
Torsional Shearing Stress, = D3
b) Hollow Shaft
(D4 d4 )
Polar Moment of Inertia, J =
32
D
Radial Distance, = 2
16TD
Torsional Shearing Stress, = (D4d4)
MECHANICS
* Torsion of Thin-Walled Tubes
Torque, T = 2Aq = 2At
shear flow, q
Shear Stress, =
thickness, t
Shear Flow, q = t
* Shearing Stress for Helical Spring
1) Approximate Formula for Light Spring
16PR d
= 3 [1 + ]
d 4R
2) Exact Formula for Heavy Spring
16PR 4m1 0.615 D 2R
= d3 [4m4 + m ] where m = d = d
where d = spring diameter, R = mean radius
64PR3 n
Spring Deformation, = Gd4
MECHANICS
* Flanged Bolt Couplings
d2
Torque, T = PRn = ( )Rn = P1R1n1 + P2R2n2 + + PnRnnn
4
T
For staggered bolts, use = J
Relationship:
P1 P2 Pn
= =
R 1 R2 R n
d2
J = A2 = 2
4

Use max (farthest radial distance) for max


Use min (nearest radial distance) for min
MECHANICS
* Shear & Moment Diagram
Load Shear Moment
Increasing
Decreasing
Increasing
Decreasing

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