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09: Quadratic Equations: Key Terms Concept Map

The document provides an overview of key concepts and examples related to solving quadratic equations. It defines important terms like quadratic equations, zeros, discriminant, and parabolas. Examples are given for solving quadratic equations by factoring, completing the square, using the quadratic formula, and applying the square root property.

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Vikas Misra
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78 views1 page

09: Quadratic Equations: Key Terms Concept Map

The document provides an overview of key concepts and examples related to solving quadratic equations. It defines important terms like quadratic equations, zeros, discriminant, and parabolas. Examples are given for solving quadratic equations by factoring, completing the square, using the quadratic formula, and applying the square root property.

Uploaded by

Vikas Misra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Intermediate Algebra - Core Concept Cheat Sheet

09: Quadratic Equations


Key Terms Concept Map
Equation: a statement that two expressions have the same value.
Quadratic equations: an equation that has the standard form
ax2 + bx + c = 0.
Zero product property: if ab = 0, the a = 0 or b = 0.
Factor: to rewrite an expression as a product.
Solutions or roots of the equation: values an equation takes
when the values of its domain are substituted for the variable.
Solution set: collection of all solutions to an equation.
Quadratic inequality: a quadratic equation where the equal
symbol is replaced by an inequality symbol.
Perfect square trinomial: a2 2ab + b2 = (a b)2;
a2 + 2ab + b2 = (a + b)2
Difference of two squares: a2 b2 = (a b)(a + b)
Discriminant: the value under the radical in the quadratic formula, Example: Quadratic Inequality
b2 4ac. Find the solution set. x2 + 3x < 18
Quadratic function: function in the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, Solution: Put the equation in standard form.
where a, b, and c are real numbers and a 0. x2 + 3x 18 < 0
Parabola: the graph of a quadratic function. To define boundaries, change the inequality to an equality
then find the solution of the equation.
Axis of symmetry: divides parabola into two equal parts, each
part is a mirror image of another. x2 + 3x 18 = 0
(x + 6)(x 3) = 0
Vertex: point where the parabola intercepts the axis of symmetry.
x = -6 or 3
x-intercepts: the points where parabolas intercepts x-axis (where Denote the test intervals: (-, -6), (-6, 3), (3, ).
y = 0). Find the sign, positive or negative, in each interval using
y-intercepts: point where the parabola intercepts the y-axis test values.
(where x = 0).

Quadratic Function Graph


The solution set of the inequality is the interval (-6, 3).

Example: Quadratic Formula


Solve using the quadratic formula. 2x2 3x + 1 = 0
Solution: Identify a, b, and c of the quadratic equation, then
use the quadratic formula to solve.
b b2 4 ac
x =
2a
( 3) 1
=
2(2)
1
= 1 and
2
A parabola can open downward (a < 0) or upward (a > 0).
The solution set of this equation is {, 1}.
Example: Factoring Example: Complete the Square
Solve. x2 x 2 = 0 Solve by completing the square. 4x2 12x = -5
Solution: Solution:
(x 2)(x + 1) = 0 Factor left side 4x2 12x = -5
4x2 2(3)(2x) + 9 = -5 + 9
x2=0 or x+1=0 Apply zero-product
(2x 3)2 = 4
x=2 or x = -1 Solve equations Apply the square root method.
The solution set of this equation is {-1, 2}. 2x 3 = 4 = 2 or 2x 3 = -4 = -2
Solve the equations.
Example: Square Root Method 2x 3 = 2 2 x 3 = 2
Solve using the square root method. x2 9 = 0
2x 3 + 3 = 2 + 3 2 x 3 + 3 = 2 + 3
Solution:
or
x2 = 9 2x = 5 2x = 1

x = 9 5 1
x = x =
2 2
x=3 or x = -3
The solution set of this equation is {-3, 3}. The solution set of this equation is { }
1 5
,
2 2
.

How to Use This Cheat Sheet: These are the key concepts related this topic. Try to read through it carefully twice then rewriite it out on
a blank sheet of paper. Review it again before the exam.

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