Syllabus: Cambridge AS & A Level Law
Syllabus: Cambridge AS & A Level Law
Syllabus: Cambridge AS & A Level Law
9084
For examination in June and November 2017, 2018 and 2019
This syllabus has been updated. The latest syllabus is version 2, published February 2017.
Page 11, Unit 2: Machinery of justice, Section 4: House of Lords changed to Supreme Court to
reflect changes resulting from the Constitutional Reform Act 2005*
Page 11, Unit 3 Legal Personnel, Section 1: training and education added to the syllabus content to
clarify that recruitment includes not only acquiring a job as a barrister or solicitor but also the training
and education required
Page 12, Unit 2: Contents of contracts, Section 3: Consumer Rights Act 2015 added to the syllabus
content to reflect the introduction of a significant piece of new legislation in this area*
*These syllabus changes will not disadvantage candidates as responses will receive credit whether
refer to the old or new legislation.
Significant changes to the syllabus are indicated by black vertical lines either side of the text.
You are advised to read the whole syllabus before planning your teaching programme.
Cambridge International Examinations retains the copyright on all its publications. Registered Centres are
permitted to copy material from this booklet for their own internal use. However, we cannot give permission
to Centres to photocopy any material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within a
Centre.
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................... 2
1.1 Why choose Cambridge?
1.2 Why choose Cambridge International AS and A Level?
1.3 Why choose Cambridge International AS and A Level Law?
1.4 Cambridge AICE (Advanced International Certificate of Education) Diploma
1.5 How can I find out more?
2. Teacher support............................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Support materials
2.2 Endorsed resources
2.3 Training
4. Assessment at a glance.................................................................................................. 7
6. Syllabus content............................................................................................................ 10
6.1 Structure and operation of the English Legal System
6.2 Law of Contract
6.3 Law of Tort
7. Other information.......................................................................................................... 16
Introduction
1. Introduction
Our programmes set the global standard for international education. They are created by subject experts,
are rooted in academic rigour, and provide a strong platform for progression. Over 10000 schools in 160
countries work with us to prepare nearly a million learners for their future with an international education
from Cambridge.
Cambridge learners
Cambridge programmes and qualifications develop not only subject knowledge but also skills. We
encourage Cambridge learners to be:
confident in working with information and ideas their own and those of others
responsible for themselves, responsive to and respectful of others
reflective as learners, developing their ability to learn
innovative and equipped for new and future challenges
engaged intellectually and socially, ready to make a difference.
Recognition
Cambridge International AS & A Levels are recognised around the world by schools, universities and
employers. The qualifications are accepted as proof of academic ability for entry to universities worldwide,
although some courses do require specific subjects.
Cambridge AS & A Levels are accepted in all UK universities. University course credit and advanced standing
is often available for Cambridge International AS & A Levels in countries such as the USA and Canada.
2 Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Introduction
Our aim is to balance knowledge, understanding and skills in our programmes and qualifications to enable
students to become effective learners and to provide a solid foundation for their continuing educational
journey. Cambridge International AS & A Levels give learners building blocks for an individualised curriculum
that develops their knowledge, understanding and skills.
Schools can offer almost any combination of 60 subjects and learners can specialise or study a range of
subjects, ensuring a breadth of knowledge. Giving learners the power to choose helps motivate them
throughout their studies.
Cambridge International A Levels typically take two years to complete and offer a flexible course of study
that gives learners the freedom to select subjects that are right for them.
Cambridge International AS Levels often represent the first half of an A Level course but may also be taken
as a freestanding qualification. The content and difficulty of a Cambridge International AS Level examination
is equivalent to the first half of a corresponding Cambridge International A Level.
Through our professional development courses and our support materials for Cambridge International
ASand A Levels, we provide the tools to enable teachers to prepare learners to the best of their ability and
work with us in the pursuit of excellence in education.
Cambridge International AS & A Levels have a proven reputation for preparing learners well for university,
employment and life. They help develop the in-depth subject knowledge and understanding which are so
important to universities and employers.
Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019. 3
Introduction
Prior learning
Candidates beginning this course are not expected to have studied Law previously.
Progression
Cambridge International A Level Law provides a suitable foundation for the study of Law or related courses
in higher education. Equally it is suitable for candidates intending to pursue careers or further study in Law,
or as part of a course of general education.
Cambridge International AS Level Law constitutes the first half of the Cambridge International A Level
course in Law and therefore provides a suitable foundation for the study of Law at A Level and thence for
related courses in higher education. Depending on local university entrance requirements, itmay permit
or assist progression directly to university courses in Law or some other subjects. It is also suitable for
candidates intending to pursue careers or further study in Law, or as part of a course of general education.
4 Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Teacher support
2. Teacher support
You can also go to our public website at www.cie.org.uk/alevel to download current and future syllabuses
together with specimen papers or past question papers and examiner reports from one series.
For teachers at registered Cambridge schools a range of additional support materials for specific
syllabuses is available from Teacher Support, our secure online support for Cambridge teachers. Go to
https://teachers.cie.org.uk (username and password required).
We have resource lists which can be filtered to show all resources, or just those which are endorsed by
Cambridge. The resource lists include further suggestions for resources to support teaching.
2.3 Training
We offer a range of support activities for teachers to ensure they have the relevant knowledge and skills to
deliver our qualifications. See www.cie.org.uk/events for further information.
Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019. 5
Syllabus content at a glance
Candidates for Advanced Subsidiary Level should study the Core syllabus only.
Candidates for Advanced Level should study the Core syllabus and the Extended syllabus.
6 Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Assessment at a glance
4. Assessment at a glance
Paper Weighting
Cambridge Cambridge
International International
AS Level A Level
Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019. 7
Assessment at a glance
Availability
This syllabus is examined in the June and November examination series.
Centres in the UK that receive government funding are advised to consult the Cambridge website
www.cie.org.uk for the latest information before beginning to teach this syllabus.
8 Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Syllabus aims and assessment objectives
In each paper, the relative importance of each assessment objective is different. The percentage of marks
for each assessment objective is as follows:
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Syllabus content
6. Syllabus content
10 Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Syllabus content
1. Civil courts
Jurisdiction of Magistrates Courts, County Court, Crown Court and High Court.
The Appeal Courts and appeals system in general, including the appellate jurisdiction of the
Divisional Courts within the High Court.
2. Alternative methods of dispute resolution
Tribunals, inquiries, conciliation and arbitration.
Reasons for establishment; functions; respective advantages and disadvantages.
Control of tribunals.
3. Criminal process
Police powers: PACE stop and search; arrest; detention and treatment of suspects at police
station.
Right to silence.
Pre trial matters: bail, mode of trial, committal proceedings.
4. Criminal courts
Role and jurisdiction of Magistrates and Crown Courts.
The Appeal Courts and appeals system in general, including appeals to the Divisional Court, Court of
Appeal and Supreme Court.
5. Sentencing principles and sanctions of courts
Aims of sentencing; purpose and effect of sentences.
Types of sentence: custodial, community, fines and discharge, compensation, other powers.
Young offenders.
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Syllabus content
1. Nature of contract
Agreement; unilateral; bilateral; collateral.
2. Offer and acceptance
Principles and evidence: offers; invitation to treat; counter offers; requests for information;
termination; acceptance.
3. Intention
Reason for requirement; presumption and rebuttal in commercial and social/domestic agreements.
4. Consideration
Nature and function; sufficiency/adequacy, past, performance of existing duties; promissory
estoppel.
5. Capacity
Reason for limitation.
Minors contracts: necessaries; employment and training; continuing obligations; main provisions of
Minors Act 1987.
Corporations, Persons of unsound mind, drunkards: a basic outline.
1. Types of term
Express; implied (by statute only: Sale of Goods Act 1979 as amended).
2. Status of terms
Conditions, warranties, innominate terms.
Nature; examples; effects of breach.
3. Control of exemption clauses
Common law: rules of incorporation; contra proferentem.
Statutory: Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977; Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999;
Consumer Rights Act 2015.
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Syllabus content
1. Vitiating factors
Reasons; invalidating effect.
2. Misrepresentation
Definition; when actionable.
Types: innocent; negligent; fraudulent.
Effects on validity of contract; remedies at Common Law, in Equity and by statute
(Misrepresentation Act 1967).
3. Mistake
General rule and exceptions.
Operative mistakes: common, mutual (cross purpose), unilateral.
Mistakenly signed documents; non est factum.
Effect at Common Law and in Equity.
4. Passing of title under void and voidable contracts.
General rule.
Nemo Dat Rule; sale under voidable title (Sale of Goods Act 1979 as amended).
1. Common Law
Damages: nature; purpose.
Mitigation; remoteness.
2. Equitable
Specific performance; specific restitution; injunction.
Nature; purpose.
Limitations on awards in contract law.
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Syllabus content
1. Liability in negligence
Nature and justification: personal; vicarious (outline only *); joint tortfeasors.
2. Duty of care
Neighbour principle; methods of establishing duty; negligent misstatement; nervous shock.
3. Breach of duty
Standard of care; subjective considerations.
4. Causation
But for test; foreseeability; intervening acts; remoteness.
5. Occupiers liability
Standards of care.
Lawful visitors: at Common Law; by Statute (Occupiers Liability Act 1957).
Unlawful visitors: at Common Law; by Statute (Occupiers Liability Act 1984).
Exclusion of liability.
6. Defences
Consent: express/implied; knowledge of nature and extent.
Volenti non fit injuria: voluntary nature; effect of Road Traffic Act 1988; rescue situations.
Contributory negligence: nature and effect (Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1948).
Inevitable accident; act of God.
* Vicarious liability: Candidates need to know and be able to comment on and criticise the circumstances
under which individuals may not be held solely liable for their own torts. Candidates should be able to
explore the employer/employee and the employer/independent contractor relationships as a minimum and
understand the rules that mean that the employer can be held vicariously liable for the torts committed by
one but not the other. Candidates should know and understand not merely the basic principle but how and
why it exists.
1. Private nuisance
Definition; nature of liability; who can sue and be sued.
Relevance of locality, utility, sensitivity, duration and malice to liability.
Defences: prescription; statutory authority.
2. Rylands v. Fletcher
Definition; nature of liability (strict v. fault based); conditions of liability; relationship with nuisance.
Defences: consent; act of stranger; statutory authority; act of God; default of claimant.
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Syllabus content
Unit 7: Trespass
This unit enables candidates to explore areas that deal with unlawful direct interference with the person and
his or her land.
1. Trespass to land
Unlawful entry; intention; continuing trespass.
Defences: lawful authority; licence; right of entry.
2. Trespass to the person
Assault and battery: elements; conditions of liability; defences of consent, lawful authority and necessity.
False imprisonment: elements; conditions of liability; defence of lawful detention (powers to arrest
and detain in outline).
Unit 8: Remedies
This unit introduces candidates to the various types of remedy in tort, their purpose and the limitations on
their award.
1. Common Law
Damages: nature; purpose.
Mitigation; remoteness.
2. Equitable
Specific performance; specific restitution; injunction.
Nature; purpose.
Limitations on awards in the law of tort.
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Other information
7. Other information
The standard assessment arrangements may present unnecessary barriers for candidates with disabilities
or learning difficulties. Arrangements can be put in place for these candidates to enable them to access the
assessments and receive recognition of their attainment. Access arrangements will not be agreed if they
give candidates an unfair advantage over others or if they compromise the standards being assessed.
Candidates who are unable to access the assessment of any component may be eligible to receive an
award based on the parts of the assessment they have taken.
Information on access arrangements is found in the Cambridge Handbook which can be downloaded from
the website www.cie.org.uk/examsofficers
Language
This syllabus and the associated assessment materials are available in English only.
Cambridge International AS Level results are shown by one of the grades a, b, c, d or e, indicating the
standard achieved, a being the highest and e the lowest. Ungraded indicates that the candidates
performance fell short of the standard required for grade e. Ungraded will be reported on the statement
of results but not on the certificate. The letters Q (result pending), X (no results) and Y (to be issued) may
also appear on the statement of results but not on the certificate.
If a candidate takes a Cambridge International A Level and fails to achieve grade E or higher, a Cambridge
International AS Level grade will be awarded if both of the following apply:
the components taken for the Cambridge International A Level by the candidate in that series included
all the components making up a Cambridge International AS Level
the candidates performance on these components was sufficient to merit the award of a Cambridge
International AS Level grade.
For languages other than English, Cambridge also reports separate speaking endorsement grades
(Distinction, Merit and Pass), for candidates who satisfy the conditions stated in the syllabus.
16 Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Other information
Entry codes
To maintain the security of our examinations, we produce question papers for different areas of the world,
known as administrative zones. Where the component entry code has two digits, the first digit is the
component number given in the syllabus. The second digit is the location code, specific to an administrative
zone. Information about entry codes for your administrative zone can be found in the Cambridge Guide to
Making Entries.
Cambridge International AS & A Level Law 9084. Syllabus for examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019. 17
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