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USA Mathematical Talent Search Solutions To Problem 5/1/18

This document contains the solution to a geometry problem posed by the USA Mathematical Talent Search. The problem asks to find the length of the portion of the intersection of two planes P and Q inside a tetrahedron ABCD. The solution notes that the two tetrahedrons formed by the intersection of plane P with ABCD and plane Q with ABCD are similar. Using properties of similar triangles, the length of the intersection BC000 is calculated to be 8(√3 - 1).

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130 views2 pages

USA Mathematical Talent Search Solutions To Problem 5/1/18

This document contains the solution to a geometry problem posed by the USA Mathematical Talent Search. The problem asks to find the length of the portion of the intersection of two planes P and Q inside a tetrahedron ABCD. The solution notes that the two tetrahedrons formed by the intersection of plane P with ABCD and plane Q with ABCD are similar. Using properties of similar triangles, the length of the intersection BC000 is calculated to be 8(√3 - 1).

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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USA Mathematical Talent Search

Solutions to Problem 5/1/18


www.usamts.org

5/1/18. ABCD is a tetrahedron such that AB = 6, BC = 8, AC = AD = 10, and


BD = CD = 12. Plane P is parallel to face ABC and divides the tetrahedron into two
pieces of equal volume. Plane Q is parallel to face DBC and also divides ABCD into two
pieces of equal volume. Line ` is the intersection of planes P and Q. Find the length of the
portion of ` that is inside ABCD.

Credit This problem was proposed by Richard Rusczyk.

Comments This problem is best solved by using similar tetrahedra, and drawing a nice
diagram. To solve three-dimensional geometry problems, one technique that may help is to
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consider the two-dimenaional analogue. Solutions edited by Naoki Sato.

Solution 1 by: James Sundstrom (12/NJ)

Let A0 denote the intersection of plane P and AD, and define points B 0 and C 0 similarly.
Let B 00 denote the intersection of plane Q and AB, and define points C 00 and D00 similarly.
Let B 000 denote the intersection of P, Q, and face ABD, and let C 000 denote the intersection
of P, Q, and face ACD. Then the problem asks for the length of B 000 C 000 .
USA Mathematical Talent Search
Solutions to Problem 5/1/18
www.usamts.org

Tetrahedrons ABCD and A0 B 0 C 0 D are similar because plane P is parallelto face ABC.
0 0 0 0 3 3
The volume of ABCD is twice the volume of A B C D, so A D = AD/ 2 = 10/ 2.
00 3 0 00 0 00 0 00 3
Similarly,
AD = 10/ 2. Since A D+AD = AD+A D , we find that A D = 20/ 210 =
3
10( 4 1).
Since plane P and face ABC are parallel, and plane Q and face DBC are parallel,
tetrahedrons ABCD and A0 B 000 C 000 D00 are similar. Therefore,

000 000 BC A 0 00
D 8 10( 3
4 1)
3
B C = = = 8( 4 1).
AD 10
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