A Synopsis ON: "Quality of Electric Power"

A
SYNOPSIS
ON
QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER
Submitted to Rajasthan Technical University in partial fulfilment
For the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICES ENGINEERING
Submitted to: Submitted By:

Mr. JUBIN JAIN (H.O.D.)
CHUNNI LAL DHAKAR
Electrical & Electronics Department

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SUNRISE GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

UDAIPUR
RAJASTHAN, INDIA.
March 2016
ABSTRACT
Power quality determines the fitness of electric power to consumer devices. Synchronization
of the voltage frequency and phase allows electrical systems to function in their intended
1
manner without significant loss of performance or life. The term is used to describe electric
power that drives an electrical load and the load's ability to function properly. Without the
proper power, an electrical device (or load) may malfunction, fail prematurely or not operate
at all. There are many ways in which electric power can be of poor quality and many more
causes of such poor quality power.
I pay thank to Mr.jubin jain who has given guidance and a light to me during this
technical seminar. His versatile knowledge about QUALITY OFELECTRIC ENERGY has
eased me in the critical times during the span of this technical seminar.
I acknowledge here out debt to those who contributed significantly to one or more
steps. I take full responsibility for any remaining sins of mission and commission.
Chunni Lal Dhakar
B.Tech 4th year
8th sem (EEE)
INTRODUCTION
Power Quality as a term is often defined as the electrical network's (grid's) ability to supply a
clean and stable power flow acting as a perfect power supply that is always available, has a
pure noise-free sinusoidal wave shape, and is always within voltage and frequency tolerances.
2
Ideally, the best electrical supply would be a constant magnitude and frequency
sinusoidal voltage waveform. However, because of the non-zero impedance of the supply
system, of the large variety of loads that may be encountered and of other phenomena such as
transients and outages, the reality is often different. The Power Quality of a system expresses
to which degree a practical supply system resembles the ideal supply system.
If the Power Quality of the network is good, then any loads connected to it will run
satisfactory and efficiently. Installation running costs and carbon footprint will be minimal.
If the Power Quality of the network is bad, then loads connected to it will fail or will have a
reduced lifetime, and the efficiency of the electrical installation will reduce. Installation
running costs and carbon footprint will be high and/or operation may not be possible at all.
In order to characterize the Power Quality, different indices have been defined and
will be reviewed later in this article.
COST OF POOR POWER QUALITY
Poor Power Quality can be described as any event related to the electrical network that
ultimately results in a financial loss. Possible consequences of poor Power Quality include-
Unexpected power supply failures (breakers tripping, fuses blowing).
Equipment failure or malfunctioning
Equipment overheating (transformers, motors) leading to their lifetime reduction.
Damage to sensitive equipment (PCs, production line control systems).
Electronic communication interferences.
Increase of system losses.
Need to oversize installations to cope with additional electrical stress with consequential
increase of installation and running costs and associated higher carbon footprint.
Penalties imposed by utilities because the site pollutes the supply network too much.
Connection refusal of new sites because the site would pollute the supply network too
much.
Impression of unsteadiness of visual sensation induced by a light stimulus whose
luminance or spectral distribution fluctuates with time (flicker)
Health issues with and reduced efficiency of personnel...
In order to ensure compliance with harmonic regulations imposed by utilities or

consultants, and to render an installation more reliable and more efficient, it may be needed to
install compensation equipment. The generic single line diagram (SLD) of such an
installation becomes then:
3
This paper reviews the importance of good Power Quality. It presents Power Quality
costs and solutions to poor Power Quality. A basic description of Power Quality is given
together with its quantification through different parameters.
Then, appropriate solutions for each problem type are identified and described. Attention is
paid to the importance of the right control systems for the compensating equipment.
Field results from different applications are given to give the reader a better insight in the
benefits that may be gained by having good Power Quality in installations.
REFERENCE
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_quality
www.slideshare.net/Magnus512/electrical-power-quality
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www.entergy-neworleans.com/global/.../power_quality_standards.pdf

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A

Submitted to Rajasthan Technical University in partial fulfilment

For the award of the degree

Submitted to: Submitted By:

Electrical & Electronics Department

SUNRISE GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

Chunni Lal Dhakar

B.Tech 4th year

8th sem (EEE)

COST OF POOR POWER QUALITY

In order to ensure compliance with harmonic regulations imposed by utilities or

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