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Homework 4

The document provides the details to calculate the allowable load capacity of different foundation problems. It includes the steps to use Terzaghi's equation to determine the allowable gross vertical load for continuous and square foundations considering soil properties like unit weight, friction angle, and cohesion. It also shows calculations for problems involving inclined loads, eccentric loads, and determining the size of a square foundation given the allowable load capacity. The calculations utilize various shape, depth, and inclination factors in the equations.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
317 views12 pages

Homework 4

The document provides the details to calculate the allowable load capacity of different foundation problems. It includes the steps to use Terzaghi's equation to determine the allowable gross vertical load for continuous and square foundations considering soil properties like unit weight, friction angle, and cohesion. It also shows calculations for problems involving inclined loads, eccentric loads, and determining the size of a square foundation given the allowable load capacity. The calculations utilize various shape, depth, and inclination factors in the equations.

Uploaded by

Usman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Soil Mechanics and Foundations 2

CE 311

Waleed Abdullah alzamli

Home Work .4
3.1/ For the following cases, determine the allowable gross vertical load-bearing
capacity of the foundation .use Terzaghi equation and assume general shear
failure in soil. use FS=4

Part B Df C' Foundation type


a. 1.22 m 0.91 m 25o 28.75 KN/m2 17.29 KN/m3 Continuous
b. 2m 1m 30o 0 17 KN/m3 Continuous
c. 3m 2m 30o 0 16.5 KN/m3 Square

Solution : convert the unit ( ft ) to ( m ) and the unit ( Ib ) to ( KN )

Part (a) /

Q = * Df

Q = 17.29 * 0.91

Q = 15.7339

Qu = C' Nc + q Nq + 1/2 B N Eq.(3.3)page 138

Qu = (28.75)(25.13)+ (15.7339)(12.72)+1/2 (17.29)(1.22)(8.34)

Qu = (722.4875) +(15.7339)(12.72) + (87.961146)

Qu = 1010.5838 kN/m2

Qall = Qu/(F.S)

Qall =1010.5838/4 =252.645 kN/m3

Part (b) /

Q= * Df

Q= 17 * 1

Q= 1
Qu = C' Nc + q Nq + 1/2 B N Eq.(3.3)page 138

Qu = (0)+ (17)(22.46)+1/2 (17)(2)(19.13)

Qu = (381.82) +(325.21)

Qu = 707.03 kN/m2

Qall = Qu/(F.S)

Qall =707.03/4 =176.75 kN/m3

Part (c) /

Q = * Df

Q = 16.5 * 2

Q = 33

Qu = 1.3C' Nc + q Nq +0.4 B N Eq.(3.7)page 138

Qu = (1.3)(0)(37.16) + (33)(22.46) + (0.4)(16.5)(3)(19.13)

Qu = (741.18) +(378.774)

Qu = 1119.954 KN/m2

Qall =1119.954/4=279.985 kN/m3


3.4/ The applied load on a shallow square foundation makes an angle of 15 o with
the vertical. Given: B=1.83m, Df= 0.9m, = 18.08 kN/m3, = 25o , and C' =
23.96 kN/m2 Use FS = 4 , and determine the gross allowable load .
Use Eq (3.19)

Solution:

Qu= C' Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + 1/2 B N F S F d F i

Shape factor :

Fcs = 1+(B/L)( Nq/Nc(

Fcs = 1+(1.83/1.83)( 10.66/20.72) =1.514

Fqs = 1+(B/L) tan

Fqs = 1+(1.83/1.83) tan25 =1.466

F S = 1 0.4 B/L

F S = 1 0.4 1.83/1.83= 0.6

Depth factor : ( Df/B = 0.9/1.83 = 0.491 1 ; = 25 > 0 )

Fcd = Fqd (1- Fqd)/(Nc tan(

Fcd = 1.15248 (1-1.15248)/(20.72 tan 25)

Fcd = 1.1677

Fqd = 1+2 tan (1- sin )2 Df/B

Fqd = 1 +2 tan 25 (1- sin 25)2 0.9/1.83

Fqd = 1.15248
F d = 1

Inclination factor :

Fci = Fqi = (1-/90)2

Fci = Fqi = (1 - 15/90) 2

Fci = 0.6944

Fi = ( 1- / )

Fi = (1-15/25)

Fi = 0.4

= inclination of the load on the foundation with respect to the vertical

= 15

From table (3.3) page 144

) Nc = 20.72) ; ( Nq = 10.66) ; ( N = 10.88)

Q = * Df

Q = 18.08 * 0.9

Q = 16.272

Qu = C' Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + 1/2 B N Fs Fd Fi

Qu = (23.96)(20.72)(1.514)(1.1677)(0.6944) + (16.272)(10.66)(1.466)(1.152)(0.6944) + 1/2


(18.08)(1.83)(10.88)(0.6)(1)(0.4)

Qu = 609.457 + 203.420 + 43.197

Qu = 856.074 kN/m2

Qall = Qu / FS

Qall = 856.074/4

Qall = 214.018 kN/m2


3.6/ For a square foundation that is B x B in plan , Df = 2 m ; vertical gross
6 allowable load , Qall = 3330 kN, = 16.5 kN/m3 ; = 30o ; C' = 0 ;and
FS = 4 , Determine the size of the foundation . Use Eq.(3.19 ) .

Solution: convert the unit ( ft ) to ( m ) and the unit ( Ib ) to ( KN )

qall = Qall/B2 = 3330/B2 .. Eq ( a )

Qu= C' Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + 1/2 B N Fs Fd Fi

Shape factor :

Fcs = 1+(B/L)( Nq/Nc)

Fcs = 1+(B/B)( 18.40/30.14) =1.610

Fqs = 1+(B/L) tan

Fqs = 1+(B/B) tan 30 = 1.577

Fs = 1 0.4 B/L

Fs = 1 0.4 B/B=0.6

Depth factor : ( Df/B =2/B1 ; =30 > 0 )

Fcd = Fqd (1- Fqd)/(Nc tan(

Fqd = 1+2 tan (1- sin )2 Df/B

Fqd = 1 +2 tan 30 (1- sin 30)2 2/B

Fqd = 1 + 0.5773/B
F d = 1

Inclination factor :

Fci = Fqi = (1-/90)2

Fci = Fqi = (1- 0/90)2

Fci =Fqi = 1

Fi = ( 1- / )

Fi = (1-0/30 )

Fi = 1

=inclination of the load on the foundation with respect to the vertical

=0.0

From table (3.3) page 144

)Nc=30.14) ; ( Nq = 18.40) ; ( N = 22.40 )

Q= * Df

Q = 16.5 * 2

Q= 33

Qu= C' Nc Fcs Fcd Fci + q Nq Fqs Fqd Fqi + 1/2 B N Fs Fd Fi

Qu= (0.0) + (33)(18.40)(1.577)( 1 + 0.5773/B ) (1) + 1/2 (16.5)(B)(22.40)(0.6)(1)(1)

Qu = 957.554 + 0.5773/B+ 110.88 B

Qall = 1/4 (957.554 + (0.5773)/B+ 110.88 B) .. Eq ( b )

Combining Eqs. ( a ) and ( b ) result in :

3330 / B2 = 957.554 + 0.5773/B+ 110.88 B

By trial and error , we find that B 3.006 m.


3.7/ For the design of a shallow foundation , given the following :

Soil : = 25o , C' = 50 KN/m2 , unit weight, = 17 KN/m3

Modulus of elasticity , Es = 1020 KN/m2 , Poisson's ratio , s = 0.35

Foundation : L = 1.5 m , B=1m , Df = 1m

- calculate the ultimate bearing capacity use Eq. ( 3.27 ) .

Solution:

From Eq. (3.28 (

r = ( Gs/c'+q' tan' )

However ,

Gs =Es/2(1+s)

So,

r=Es/(2(1+s)[c'+q' tan']

Now,

q'= (Df+B/2) = 17(1+1/2)=25.5KN/m

Thus,

r =1020/(2(1+0.35)[50+25.5 tan25 ] = 6.10

From Eq.(3.29 ),

r(cr)=1/2 {exp[3.3-0.45 B/L] cot (45-'/2 )]}

= 1/2 {exp[ 3.3-0.45 (1/1.5(] cot ( 45 - 25 / 2 )]} = 55.47

Since r(cr) > r we use Eqs.(3.30) and (3.2) to obtain

Fc=Fqc=exp {( - 4.4 + 0.6 B/L ) tan' + [(3.07 sin')log (2Ir) / 1+sin' ]


exp = {- 4.4 + 0.6 ( 1 / 1.5 ) tan 25 + [ ( 3.07 sin 25 ) log ( 2 *6.10 ) / 1+ sin 25

= 0.417
Fcc = Fqc - (1-Fqc )/( Nc tan ' )

Fcc = 0.417 - (1-0.417)/(20.72 tan 25) = 0.356

Now, from Eq.(3.27) ,

qu= c' NcFcsFcdFcc + qNqFqsFqdFqc +1/2 BNFsFdFc

From Table 3.3, for ' = 25, Nc=20.72 , Nq=10.66 and N =10.88

Fcs = 1 +(Nq/Nc) (B/L) =1+(10.66/20.72) (1/1.5)

= 1.342

Fqs =1+B/L tan ' = 1+ ( 1 / 1.5 ) tan 25

Fs = 1- 0.4(B/L) =1-0.4(1/1.5) = 0.733

Fqd = 1+2 tan' ( 1- sin ' )2 ( Df / B )

Fqd = 1+ 2 tan 25 )1- sin 25 (2 ( 1 / 1 )

= 1.311

Fcd = Fqd - (1-Fqd) / (Nc tan') = 1.311 ( 1- 1.311 ) / ( 20.72 tan 25 )

= 1.343

Fd=1

Thus ,

Qu = (50)(20.72)(1.342)(1.343)(0.356)+(117)(10.66)(1.310)(1.311)(0.417 )

+ (1 / 2) (17) (1) (10.88) (0.733) (1) (0.417)

= 653.36 KN/m
3.13/ The shallow foundation shown in figure 3.19 measures 1.2m * 1.8 m and is
subjected to a centric load and a moment. If eB = 0.12 m , eL = 0.36 m , and the
depth of the foundation is 1m , determine the allowable load the foundation can
carry. Use a factor of safety of 3. For the soil , we are told that unit weight
= 17 KN/m3 , friction angle = 35o , and cohesion C' = 0.

fig.3.19

Solution:

eB / B = (0.12/1.2) = 0.1

eL / L = (0.36)/(1.8) = 0.2

Is two-way eccentricity, from figure 3.2b, for eL /L=0.2 and eB /B=0.1 , L1 , L2

L1/L 0.85 ; L1 = (0.85) (1.8) = 1.53 m

&

L2/L 0.21 ; L2 = (0.21) (1.8) = 0.378 m

From Eq.(3.58 ) ,

A' = (1/2) (L1+ L2)B = (1/2) (1.53+0.367)(1.2) = 1.139

From Eq. (3.60 ) ,

L' = L1=1.53

From Eq. (3.59 ) ,


B' = (A'/L' ) = 1.139/1.53 = 0.744m

Note Eq. (3.40) with c' = 0 ,

qu'=qNq Fqs Fqd Fqi + 1/2 B' N Fs Fd Fi

Where q= (1) (17) =17 KN/m

For =35, from table 3.3 , Nq=33.30 and N =48.03. Thus from Table 3.4 ,

Fqs = 1+B'/L' tan = 1 + ( 0.744 / 1.53 ) tan 35 = 1.340

Fs = 1- 0.4 (B'/L' ) = 1- 0.4 (0.744/1.53) = 0.805

Fqd =1+2 tan 35 ( 1- sin35 )2 ( 1 / 1.2 ) = 1.212

Fcd = Fqd -(1-Fqd)/(Nc tan ) = 1.212 ( 1 - 1.212 ) / (46.12 tan 35 ) = 1.22

Fd =1

Hence ,

Qall = qu'/ FS = [ (1/3) (17) (33.3) (1.34) ( 1.22) +1/2

(17) (0.744) (48.03) (0.805) (1.212) ]

= 428 KN/m

Qall = qall * A'

= 428*1.139

= 487.5 KN

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